Is France Heading for a Sixth Republic?
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- čas přidán 28. 07. 2023
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Following a few years of continuous protests and unrest, France appears to be calling for change, with some advocating for a Sixth Republic. In this video, we examine the French political system, how the Fifth Republic came about, why some people want to end it, and whether or not it will actually happen.
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1 - theconversation.com/the-60th-...
2 -www.france24.com/en/tv-shows/...
3 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constit...
4 - www.huffingtonpost.fr/politiq...
5 - www.huffingtonpost.fr/politiq...
6 - www.france24.com/en/europe/20...
7 - www.euronews.com/2017/05/11/v...
Personally, instead of a sixth republic, I'm betting on Napoleon's long-awaited return from St-Helena to remake the French empire. Fingers crossed!
I think the Emperor’s tomb is already in Invalides
@@zurielsss Please, we all know that tomb is empty, Napoleon was obviously an immortal. That's why the British kept banishing him instead of executing him!
The only man that saved france was an italian lol
@@giantWarioThe British are better at cultural genocide. Look at Ireland
@@jahngomba4328 Corsica is France, not Italy.
The problem with the 5th republic is that all of politics revolves around the president and the presidential election. Which makes hard to make compromises like in a parliamentary system because you are either for or against the president and it makes politics very personal.
What also didn’t help was the synchronization of presidential and parliamentary elections since 2002, which made the parliament extremely loyal to the president (until 2022)
The synchronisation of the legislatives and the presidentials has essentially turned the parliament's election into a "referendum" on whether or not people are happy with the results of the presidential election, which essentially means people have a voice through the ballot box only once every five years.
@@willmako5009 yeah exactly
And the current chaos in the current parliament is because people wanted to keep macron as president but didn’t want to give a blank check
its really funny to think that French people search for a parliamentary system when italians search for a presidential one
I'm pretty sure if they just had a system more balanced like the US, with a federation, things wouldn't be so bad.
@@Lord-Pierre And their other options were crazy people. People were fine voting for the US's Macron, because we knew he would have a cabinet and there would be a balance of power.
Fun fact:
In 1870 the two biggest parties in France were the Legitimists who wanted the Bourbons to return and the Orleanists who wanted the House of Orleans (branch of the House of Bourbon) to rule. They came up with an agreement in which Henry of Chamboard would become King and since he had no son the Orleanists would succeed him
But he refused to become King unless the French tricolor was replaced with the fleur de lys flag and so France remained a Republic
In addition, it is believed that he used the flag argument as a point. For him, what use was there to be a king if he couldn’t even change the flag ?
@@european_mapper-FRFunny thing, the same Duke of Chambord designed a flag that incorporated the fleur-de-lis AND the Tricolore together, 20 years ago. The dude created the very compromise he could offer to the Assembly for the throne and yet he steadfastly pushes for the change of flag..
American republican and democratic parties be like:
Fortunately, Cognac was preferred over Bourbon.
Was probably affraid to lose his head 😏
French politics can easily be summarized as: everybody is criticizing the system as it is, and that's the only thing everyone agrees on, but nobody agrees on how to change the system.
Mind Begs the Question:
Hitler - blamed Nations Failures on Religious Minority
If France/Govts - blame Nations Failures on Vulnerable/Immigrants
Practicing Hitlers Mein Kampf,no?
@@HumanBeingsRThinkingBeingsThe French govt doesn't blame immigrants or minorities. If anything they pretend the instability isn't an issue, and if something happens they blame a bs reason like English supporters or video games
The French people mainly blame the French governments for consistently running France to the ground in every conceivable way, immigration being but the tip of the iceberg. While a lot of us advocate for stricter immigration laws, this isn't the only thing that drives us French citizen
Plus what happened in n*zi Germany is rooted in feelings of racial superiority, which largely doesn't exist in France
@@HumanBeingsRThinkingBeings
You’re way more right than you think ! One of the right-wing and government buzzword is "islamo-gauchisme" which means islam-leftism, conflating a political enemy with a religious minority to make a scapegoat for all the problems in the country. The parallels with judeo-bolchevism is so obvious it hurts
@@HumanBeingsRThinkingBeings well I would be at your side if 20 million property damage were not done by the recent protest
Mind Begs the Question:
Hitler - Jews unsafe to German Values,Identity
If Politicians/Govts - Muslims unsafe to Western Values,Identity
Practicing Hitlers Mein Kampf,no?
Remember 99% of French states are 1 constitution change away from creating a perfect system
@@Besthinktwicethe British parliamentary system has been one of the most stable governments on earth. France just isn't stable, and havnt been since they killed their King
@@Besthinktwiceit's almost like Europe is made up of states containing one nation as small sub cultures assimilated. This isn't the case currently for the rest of the world like Africa.
@@Besthinktwice democracy doesn't work in those states because it would immediately lead to their collapse as different ethnic groups seek their own interest. You're right that there are exceptions in Europe like Spain or the UK, but even there we can see that true democracy via referendums could clearly allow for sescesionists to leave. But overall countries like France and Germany are more united than ever before and that's why democracy works there. Either way regional identities as part of a nation are still far more similar than whole separate nations within a state.
@@Besthinktwice Canada is not an example in my opinion, I doubt it'll survive the next 100 years as the French ageing and complaining Quebec drags the finances of the country down, Switzerland is so rich nobody cares about their differences and so is not something we can replicate in the rest of the world meanwhile Italy also united and supports my argument more.
Anyway I can agree that shared ideas like democratic values are important but that's literally a part of culture or ethnicity which is what I'm saying. Even if everyone believed in the same democratic values in Afghanistan that would only foster the wish for right of self determination and lead to collapse as overall differences still exist.
Multiculturalism or the basques aren't issues on Western Europe yet because they're well distributed minorities and no more than 25% of the population. 50% or concentrations in certain regions would lead to certain conflict like the DRC or Myanmar.
@@lewis123417^ your brain on pop history
Pour garantir la sécurité dans la continuité et la stabilité, la République sera bientôt réorganisée et deviendra la Première Puissance Galactique Impériale ! Pour une société fondée sur l’ordre et la sécurité !
can't believe i'm agreeing with a fr*nch person
C'est moi le Sénat! 👿
Tant qu'on se tape pas le premier ordre juste après, je peux vivre avec.
@@inesis Je suis la Revolution
Never expected Star Wars to help me understand French, but here we are.
Vive L'empereur Palpatine! Vive L'empire!
I really liked the arc of the 1st one, it’s sequel was kinda mid, then the third one had crazy stuff on it, and it’s ending with the cliffhanger was crazy. The fourth one was kinda the worse, and the fifth had its moments at the beginning I think, but the season has been running for so long now, and I’m still waiting for a teaser for the sixth installment of the series. The two Empire spin offs were cool though, maybe they could go back to something like that, just with new characters
Yeah since they quit beheding people because parents didn't like it it lost all of its flavor.
That's an epic comment mate
I think the Second was better than mid. It was short, but some cool and crazy stuff happened.
No bring back both main characters from the empires as a buddy cop comedie.
"How can you govern a country which has 246 varieties of cheese?"
-Charles de Gaulle
We have more varieties of cheese in the UK than you have in France...
I'm from America and don't care.
I was sharing a funny and relevant quote from one of the men referenced in the video that was relevant to the topic at hand: political and civil unrest in France.
It's factual accuracy is not the point of de Gaulle's joke.
@@mikebaker2436 You miss the point in your humourless way. If France is ungovernable because of having 246 varieties of cheese, think how ungovernable Britain is with so many more.
@@Joanna-il2ur Britian seems to be ungovernorable because the people chosen to do the job seem to never be really up to the task (at least as long as I can remember.)
@@mikebaker2436 No. all the people who know how the country should be run are either driving taxis or cutting hair.
At 0:27 the sign should read 'Vive la France' not 'Vive le France'. 'Le' is a definite article used only when the noun is masculine. 'La' is a definite article used only when the noun is feminine. 'France' is a feminine noun and thus 'la' is used.
you know what, i'm actually curious why is france feminine?
i know french language uses genders so literally everything uses either male or female gender, but any reason for france to be femme specifically?
@@sonicmeerkatNot sure exactly, but I can give you a comparison with the Dutch. The Dutch word for our nationality is "Nederlandse", which is actually the feminime form of the word. I assume the French have got a similar thing going like we do for our nationality.
@@sonicmeerkat In most languages lands are seen as feminine. I guess its to do with the stereotype of nature being feminine and Mother Nature and stuff
@@sonicmeerkat maybe cos it's the "motherland" ?
@@zackgravity7284 Exactly, often lands and nature are associated with women
France is not satisfied until it has all democracy achievements, some of them just require multiple play throughs
Mind Begs the Question:
Hitler - Jews unsafe to German Values,Identity
If France/Govts - Muslims unsafe to Western Values,Identity
Practicing Hitlers Mein Kampf,no?
But we don't even have a democracy anymore.
democracy speedrun ANY%
@@Michelrs honestly it looks like to me they also wanted al the imperial achiviments as well
Hoi4 player here
I dig France's vibe-based presidential system.
Its techno based
Based.
Mmmmmmeh
Macron does not pass the vibe check.
I do not. That’s how you get a president like Trump…
To paraphrase people trying to predict recurring natural disasters, a Sixth French Republic seems a bit overdue at this point
ain't gonna happen sorry to say, it's more likely for france to have
@@makara2711 have a... what?
@@nar2cc bro left us hanging 😭
@@riowhi7the french got to him 😔
Wash. Rinse. Repeat. iPhone 5; iPhone 6…
the main "problem" with our system is that you can get a majority in parliament with parties that only represent a third of us whereas in the rest of europe you can only have a majority if the parties making it represent all together a majority in the country.
The majority system has actually been quote stabilising. In Britain for example even today far right or far left extremists parties don't get a look in, even during the 30s
@@lewis123417 But it arguably also lead to Brexit. Many Ukip voters were angry that their voices weren't heard and then they get handed that referendum.
@@sandeshvantveen if we had a proportional system UKIP could have won a national election easily, which would have caused brexit much sooner than it actually happened. The government of the day had no choice but to listen to the pressure from the right, and implemented their own moderated version of brexit, and not the one envisioned by UKIP so in actual fact the system worked. A stable system doesn't just mean a country run by centre left parties. This is what Europeans fundamentally fail to understand about democracy, but then again their institutions aren't as old as ours and their democracies fail every century or so or they end up in a civil war
@@sandeshvantveen I mean, euroscepticism has always been quite popular in the UK, that was never going to go away regardless of what system we have
@@lewis123417so it sounds like most Brits are just dumb anyway. I'm not sure a different parliamentary system will solve that.
Second term Macron has been significantly worse than first term Macron.
And he's only been there a year so far
And significantly better than the other options.
@@LeMAD22 Tells you a lot about French politics
@@deounivers7663 indeed ... our political system crashed because of our politics themself. lepen, melenchon, macron ... that are the biggest candidates. fucking scary; all of them are crazy
@@LeMAD22 Nah Melencon would be good, while he himself is a ***** his party and alliance are decent (also I think he has said he's not running again in 2027)
Your titles. I love you guys, but these absurd over dramatic almost clickbait titles make you look less like a professional news channel, and more like Buzzfeed. You guys have cultivated such a great brand as a trustworthy, sleek and reliable information, don't ruin it with these titles
I strongly agree. I saw this trend on a couple other channels I used to follow and dropped them recently.
Ive been here a while, but I am starting to get frustrated with the overgeneralizations, overlooks, oversimplifications, and the click baits.
To give credit where its due, it is called tldr. So, I guess thats kind of the point. But the click baits are frustraiting and I frequently ignore them on principle. Any bait asking a question, the answer is "Irrelevant".
Well... maybe this is your hint that they're closer to buzzfeed than you think in terms of content too.
@@badaboum2 This is when you scrutinize the content more closely for sure. To paraphrase an ad from a dairy brand "what it does inside can be seen from the outside"
France getting more republics than infinity stones
Yet no French avengers
2 Monarchies, 2 Empires, and 5 Republics, meanwhile the US stays the same for the same time period (1790s - now).
Also don’t forget the Fascist Vichy Regime.
@@faldovifendi6878breaking that down further is crazier
Absolute monarchy
Constitutional monarchy
1st Republic
First Empire
Restoration of the Bourbon monarchy
Restoration of the First Empire
Restoration of the Bourbon monarchy
Orleanist monarchy
2nd Republic
2nd Empire
3rd Republic
Free/Vichy regimes
4th Republic
5th Republic
--
6th Republic
the french can't seem to catch a break
@@Scenariania
Jin
Silla
Baekje
Goryeo
Joseon
Korean Empire
Japanese Empire
People's Republic of Korea
United States Army Military Government in Korea
First Republic of Korea
Second Republic of Korea
Supreme Council for National Reconstruction
Third Republic of Korea
Fourth Republic of Korea
Fifth Republic of Korea
Sixth Republic of Korea
--
Seventh Republic of Korea???
IT sounds to me , not that the executive is given too much executive power , but that that they've been given legislative power . It is preposterous that the executive could pass laws without the legeslature . If you want a corrupt system to run everyone has to get they're beaks wet , even autocracies know this .
they can’t, it’s a shortcoming in the video. 49.3 triggers a vote of parliament though instead of simply voting on the law the parliament votes on the survival of the government. So if parliament votes no the government falls and the law they wanted to pass does not pass. Obviously it’s a way to increase what’s at stake to move some MPs to accept the law because they don’t want to be responsible for the fall of the government.
Yup, lack of separation of powers is the problem it looks like.
They can't. The President and it's government can only force some laws on some very specific subjects and using that card triggers a vote of non confidence from the Assembly. If the Assembly disavow the government, the law is automatically failed and the government disbanded.
@@patami2222 The president can dissolve the parliament at any time. Hence when the government forces a law on parliament with the 49-3, the members of parliament are basically being told “If you oppose me you have to go right away for new costly and super difficult elections, it may be the end of your political career, while me the president I will stay in power and I may be able to force my law with another 49-3 on the first day the newly elected parliament starts working.” I would not say that the choice members of parliament have to make is a free and fair one. Obviously not, and 49-3 combined to the dissolution power of the president is obviously a democratic scandal.
It’s a consequence of the chaos and near civil war of the late fifties and the subsequent triumph of de Gaulle
Probably not a sixth republic altogether, but constitutional reforms will very probably happen at some point.
Every time a constitutional reform is made In France, a new republic is created
Yeahh… that’s like “I don’t want to eat, just want some food in my mouth”.
@@ironiceire That's literally false. The video explained there were over 20 constitutional reforms in the 5th Republic.
@@ironiceireça c’est de la merde de taureau
No they have been a lot of reforms and nothing is really changing, reforms are more like fixing an engine but a new constitution is like changing car.
Incorrect statement on 49.3 : it does not allow the government to pass a law without a vote of the parliament. Article 49.3 triggers a confidence vote of the parliament: if parliament votes yes, the government survives and the law it was trying to pass is validated. If parliament votes no the government falls and the law does not pass. So there is a vote of parliament, though it’s a form of blackmail because those who vote no are responsible for the fall of the government.
Not exactly, 49.3 do allow to pass a law without a vote of the parliament, however, as you said, that same article also allow for any political party in the parliament to trigger a confidence vote of the parliament(they don't always do it). It's worth noting though that the confidence vote requires an absolute majority of the deputies to vote in favour of it (and that non-voters are considered against it), it therefor still gives a lot more margin for the government to pass in laws much more easily.
Ce n'est pas un vote de confiance mais une motion de censure. Le vote de confiance n'est que ce que son nom indique : un vote de confiance qui n'oblige à rien et est uniquement consultatif. La motion de censure, quant à elle, est effective et impose la démission du gouvernement.
@@elydiasm Une "motion de censure" en anglais s'appele "motion of no confidence". Oui, l'anglais est très chiant parfois, je suis d'accord. Mais bref, c'est pour cela que les anglophones appellent cela "a confidence vote" pour parler des motions de censure chez nous.
We can council u on democracy. I mean yiuve had 5 govts during the time where we only had one. So we’d be happy to help to do that. Well give our constitution to copy and bring in American advisers oversee your elections
@Mynipplesmychoice right, the USA system... where a majority of the population are in favor of something as simple of Marijuana legalization, but it never comes... also University cost, Healthcare cost, Military Cost, etc..
French citizen:Bonjour mon ami, it is an unfortunate day, i have been served a moldy croissant.
other french citizen:Unacceptable, we must burn down paris at this moment.
french citizen:isn't that going a bit too far, how about burning down Orleans?
other french citizen:hmm...but they served me a burnt baguette
french citizen:THE SHEER AUDACITY!!, grab the molotovs mon ami today this nation burns.
Great wprk french Revolution, you made the people of france Revolution happy
I guess Marcon could always have himself crowned emperor in Notre Dame.
So badass
Nate, please take the audio mixing and leveling course on skill share for Premier. We cannot deal with this mishmash of volumes across of the video.
The irony is that when someone becomes prime minister, president, or part of the national assembly, the incentives to change the republic from 5th to 6th diminishes. They would be biting the hands that feed, regardless of how far their constituents believed their intentions to reform the republic existed sincerely. If one were to go in to change things, they'd have to reach the top, when they reach the top, and knowing now they hold the power, the color of the idea of changing things may not be the same and embody new colors
The same curse with all political systems.
You need an attaturk-like figure to reform it. Or a Lee Kuan Yew.
That being said, Mélenchon has always been a huge supporter of the 6th Republic and he made fighting against the "presidential monarchy" a central part of his agenda. During each of his presidential run (2012, 2017, 2022), he's organized "marches for the 6th Republic", gathering around 100,000-130,000 in Paris.
So while I also believe the powers of the 5th Republic can be tempting, I think Mélenchon is being honest on this issue. At least, we need someone who openly criticizes and wants to change our rotten political system unlike Macron and Le Pen who love the 5th Republic and its authoritarianism.
That's why the French need to revolution it like they know best! Can't keep the 5th republic enough if it is civil warred into oblivion. 🤷♀️
It's really not a huge thing to have an amendable constitution. Most countries do. Even the US's was supposed to be amended more often, only the framers thought people would get together for important things instead of becoming polarized. They also thought it'd require 3/4ths of 13, not 50 states.
You need 36 states to approve an amendment in the American Constitution, as you need 3/4 state support, 2/3 in Congress, and agreed to by the president.
@@Bavariandude123The president has no role whatsoever in constitutional amendments
@@Bavariandude123 The president has no role, as it can't veto a constitional amendment. And the number of states is 38 (as you say, 3/4, which makes out to 37.5).
@@dr.victorvs Uh, the US has been amended many times in its history. Why are you acting like it doesn't?
"Even the US's was supposed to be" Supposed? Excuse me? We have over 20 amendments. Including radical changes to the structure of our government. Just because polarizing political factions aren't getting their way doesn't mean the system isn't working (although it isn't, but not because we're averse to amendment). The process requires consensus before such significant changes are made, as it should in a democracy. When an issue has such consensus, amendments can and do happen. Until then, parties are rightly told to kick grass. And in fact, our constitution doesn't just have an amendment process, it has a process for an entirely new constitutional convention to be called that does not require any participation of the federal government.
What happened in 1958 was a coup. It’s important to say it. The French military took over the French colonial government in Algeria, then they took over Corsica and they threatened to make bombs rain on Paris if all powers weren’t given to de Gaulle.
French here and I just fucking learned about that. I can definitely affirm that it has never been covered in those terms in my History class, ever (and I graduated high school in 2014). Today I learned, thanks for saying so!
(oh, the irony of learning things about my country while watching international viewpoints about its history and politics).
Macron declares himself emperor and creates the 3rd French Empire
Micron emperor? yea, good joke...
Imagine how swiftly napoleon would have been removed from power if he was an idiot who let his country burn to the ground every tuesday instead of one of the greatest generals in the history of the world.
@@ozymandiasultor9480 yes it is a funny joke but I wouldn't be surprised if he does call himself emperor because he is very egotistical. God he really hates Britain way more than the average Frenchy. And the French are doing a very bad job stop in the boats coming to Britain. Honestly we should stop paying them they're not doing anything about it because the French are bloody useless.
@@firstname105 Very true... And I can imagine how fast would Napoleon solve all of this... He showed his resolution when royalists tried to make problems in Paris...
Macron is no Napoleon.
Napoleon was a charismatic, popular, and militarily & politically genius person.
Macron has 5/10 charisma, barely popular, and re-elected only because his main opponent was the controversial Marine Le Pen. Also, no military experience as he has been a bearaucrat for most of his career.
What i like about the French is that they do not shy away to question how their state is governed- unlike some nations that pride themselves of essentially continue to live in the Ancient Regime
Cough (USA) cough
This is something that SHOULD generally be considered in the big picture. Yes certain policy and unrest impacts arn't fun but generally as times changes systems need to also change. Ideally this change happens gradual over time and doesn't require violence and unrest but still France IS wrestling with these questions and it is a good sign for broader democratic outlook that the unrests demands are for more and better Democracy not a new empire/sttrongman (I won't look at any Nations in particular).
Not sure why self confessed 5th attempt in less than 250 years is evidence their system / culture is working.
"What I like about Luz Taylor's marriage history is she doesn't shy away from questioning....". Or "She's just s**t at marriage".
@@danielwebb8402t. an old housewife that's been stuck in a loveless marriage for 50 years
And if it was possible we would vote Macron for the 3rd time...
This is a pretty spot on video, though the fourth republic collapsed because of a semi-successful Coup d'État from generals in french Algeria and the successive governments infighting.
The ways Macron and his governments used their powers absolutely alienated a majority of the french. I would see the process of a sixth republic begin in the 2030s maybe 2040s or so, because polls showed an inversion of opinions in the last few years regarding what part of the institution should run things. More people want the National Assembly to have the power rather than the president and also have some sort of "recall" for elected officials.
And the fact that we are now a 3 party state :
- The left block represented (for now) by the NUPES alliance
- The center right,right-wing liberal block represented by Macron's alliance and part of The Republicans party
- And the far right bloc represented by Le Pen.
All of this is putting even more pressure on the constitution because it was not written to handle this situation.
It will be definitely interesting to see what happens.
On the other hand, would a parlamentarian-style government not make this worse? How would you form a government when none of them get an outright majority?
@@Jonas_M_Mthat's what a potential convention would have to search a balanced solution to.
Maybe a number of seats automatically given to the winner, full proportional representation or something in between.
We could inspire ourselves with systems in other countries, it will be very difficult especially since we in france are accustomed to coalition government like most democracies.
@@Jonas_M_MIn a *proportional* parliamentarian system large parties like that ends up split up, so people on the left in the far right block who would be able to work with the center right would probably be their own party, the center right would probably be multiple parties etc, etc.
And people would negotiate to find solutions.
Don't make calling a new election a easy way out where a party may hope to win because they hate the other guys more like in a first past the post system, instead other parties will gain on those new elections.
Allow laws to be passed and cabinets to come to power if there's no majority voting against them Instead of requiring a majority in favour, that way a party can still negotiate for favours in order to abstain from voting against a cabinet being formed but still flight them down the line on other issues allowing for lots of dynamic alliances where *all* political parties are potential allies etc.
After all, if the far right and far left wants the same thing for a change on something they don't have to vote for the others suggestions (something that voters might not like if they don't know the details) but they can refrain from voting against the other, likewise with the extremes vs the center etc.
It's a pretty decent system that we've used here in the nordic countries for a long time now.
About 2/3 of all cabinets in Norway since the war has involved the labour party, often because parties in the center has started out on the left then switched side, or at least refrained from voting against labour when the right didn't behave, in the middle of a term.
No new elections, just a change of prime minister midterm to that of the biggest political party, the labour party (they've been the biggest since the war) and no majority impact on your average citizen.
Honestly it's a good system giving all the parties power and a incentive towards cooperation as *anyone* may be a potential ally.
Even the extreme opposite side of the political spectrum *could* be a ally do you don't want to antagonize them *too* much.
@@astronicart I would suggest full proporsjonality like here in Norway.
But with two tiers.
Multiple smaller constituencies with no voter threshold where seats are distributed proportionally within the constituency, just merge some of your current constituencies for this.
If there's any issues some constitutes can be given additional seats at this level.
Then another level of proportional representation in a full country constituency where seats are awarded proportionally, but taking into account seats already awarded at a lower level.
Since France is big you could also make that system three tiered if desired.
The higher/bigger tiers can distribute seats between parties based on the whole constituency while also spreading the seats around said constituency.
In Norway 150 of the seats are in 19 smaller constituencies, and 19 seats are at a higher level.
Higher tier seats and include a voter threshold to encourage merging of smaller parties without discouraging splitting of smaller ones or stopping smaller parties from forming.
So you could for instance have constituencies made up of 5-7 seats, 3-5 seats decided locally, 1 seat going together with the 1 from several others in the area to make up 3-5 in a region for the regional proportionality, then the last going to a national level, or you could have 4-6 seats pr constituency and just have a bit more constituencies at the mid tier so one of the mid tier seats is reserved for the national level?
Something like that.
Each region is then guaranteed a high level of representation while the relative power between the political parties is still governed by the total number of seats at a national level.
It helps avoid places like Paris having all the power while the regions are ignored, while also giving high population areas a say.
Small political parties can be represented but some seats can be excluded from the smaller parties making it easier for the larger ones to actually forming a government without needing *every* single small party on board, yet they *may* end up as king makers occasionally ensuring that a vote for them isn't wasted.
I only see things going haywire from here. Look at the interior Minister, Darmanin and the whole government only stand on their feet because the police is there to help and is willing to help them still. (But for how long ?)
On the other hand, the police will definitely agree and help establish a far right government.
When it happens (2030's ?) maybe the majority of the population will finally wake up, and then agree as a people on new standards for a revised or overhauled 6th constitution.
But my guess is still that we have dark days ahead. (Dark meaning, in my opinion, the current shift from the neoliberal era to the far right - I acknowledge that it's highly subjective 😂 I can but imagine many fascisty French citizens loving the current trend)
I misheard Sith Republic instead of Sixth
7:20
Now there's an idea 🤔
Honestly if you tell me a Sith can stop the trend of making life worse for everyone but the ultra rich, he could get my vote, his foreign policy on thenother hand miiiight be a lil on the extreme
@@cheesebiscuits6323Obi-Wan being featured doesn't help not to mishear it.
Good summary, but I felt something was missing.
It’s worth noting that the Constitution of the French Fifth Republic took some inspiration from the United States Constitution. One notable influence from the US Constitution is the mentioned establishment of a strong executive branch with a directly elected president.
However, there are also significant differences between the two constitutions. One of the most notable being the structure of the executive branch. In the United States, the executive power is vested in the President, who is both the head of state and the head of government. On the other hand, in the French Fifth Republic, the executive power is divided between the President and the Prime Minister, making it a semi-presidential system.
The closest thing to the original 5th Republic was the Finnish republic. However from 1962 when the direct election of the president got introduced the 5th Republic got closer to the Weimar Republic. It still is very similar to the Weimar Republic as of today, but since then many other countries, often authoritarian, have taken the 5th Republic for model, starting from former African French colonies, Russia, or more recently Tunisia after Kais Saied effectively made a coup and changed the institutions.
It’s worth noting that since the 90s the Finnish Republic has become much more parliamentary, especially when the right of dissolution of the president was abandoned in 2000. France could hopefully follow the same track… otherwise it’s most likely doomed to evolve into a authoritarian regime.
De Gaulle, despite hating the Yankees, was in love with the US presidential system. He translated US Lend-Lease as a result of their strong political system ("where they get things done, where presidents can do decisive action" sort of that argument) except that he forgot American industrial might is separated by 2 oceans.
@@TimeMakerDotPH De Gaulle explained in his 1946 Bayeux speech that he would have liked a presidential system, basically like the US, however much more centralized and with a more powerful president. He honestly had a view of institutions that was borderline fascist - or at least Bonapartist. He basically did not like parliamentarism and would have liked the state to be organized like an army, but with an elected top general “in direct connection with the people”. However he definitely aspired to be a hero and would not have like to be considered an authoritarian leader.
In 1958 however he was not able to change France to a presidential system because there was fierce resistance from the Parliament (France had been the most democratic parliamentary country in the world from 1879 to at least 1914 which is also the period when France developed the most, before being “overtaken” democratically after WW1 by Switzerland, Germany, and the Benelux, Scandinavian and Baltic countries).
Since De Gaulle was not able to impose a presidential system, a compromise was found with the 5th Republic and its semi-presidential institutions which at times can give an enormous amount of power to the president.
This compromise between presidential and parliamentary system is exactly how the institutions of the Finnish Republic came to exist after the Finnish civil war in 1919, and in a very similar way after the German revolution in 1918. It’s not surprising that the 5th Republic looks very much like the Weimar Republic and the Finnish Republic (before the latter evolved to a more parliamentary regime throughout the 90s). The main difference, and it’s not a small one, is that the Weimar and pre-90s Finnish Republic had a very proportional electoral system for their parliament.
The problem is each Republic had to end with a soldier taking charge and, then, transition things till a new Republic starts. Heck, even, the Fifth Republic required De Gaulle, a soldier, to take charge of the transition process, even though he didn't form an empire, as was usual prior. There's no soldiers to do that here, as there is no recent war to create a significant and influential veteran that most people respect. The Second Republic happened after Napoleon took over for a while. The Third Republic happened after Napoleon III took over for a while. The Fourth Republic happened after Petain took over for a while. The Fifth Republic happened after De Gaulle took over for a while. There's no strongman to do that here. The last time a Republic was created without that strongman being a part of the transition was the French Revolution itself. Yikes! 😢
Both the Fourth and Fifth Republics happened after de Gaulle took over for a while. De Gaulle was the head of the provisional government from 44-46 (he pushed for a US-style presidential system but failed and the resulting Fourth Republic was parliamentary just like the Third) then he was the "last executive prime minister of France under a ceremonial president" (Coty) from 58-59.
You must not confuse Napoleon with his nephew and founder of the Second Republic Napoleon III (Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte as president).
The Third Republic was actually founded by an army general in 1870, Louis-Jules Trochu of the Government of National Defense. Civilian rule only started in 1871 under President Adolphe Thiers and Dufaure's cabinet.
It "required" De Gaulle to be in charge because the military leaders of the coup of 1958 decided that's who they wanted in charge, not because soldiers are necessary for reform. You've got the thing backwards, militaries are always key players in civil wars and coups so they get a major say in how things go afterwards, it's not because they're more competent and trustworthy necessarily, but because they have a lot of power.
Well, I guess Revolution it is
Wait, I thought the current one was already the Sixth Republic?
This is highly innacurate but fine
Great content thank you
In French culture the term “Une Sixième République” (a Sixth Republic) is used as shorthand for a utopia. I don’t know what exactly that implies about the fifth one, but I know it ain’t good.
South Korea has existed since 1948 and is already on its Sixth Republic. The French must think South Korea is a utopia!
@@Nikkikkikkizthat not his point. What he trying to say is people scream six republic like it mean something but it's an empty word if you don't say what would that be.
@@NikkikkikkizWell, that might be the case, but France (along with most of the world) thinks of South Corea in pragmatic terms as an island...
That's just not true.
Peut-être que le terme est utilisé dans certaines sous-cultures ? C'est littéralement la première fois que j'en entends parler.
Since 1792 to today in 2023, France has seen an on-average change of government once every 29 years. The potential Sixth French Republic seems a bit overdue at this point.
It would be sooo funny if France recognized one of the claims to the French throne and became a constitutional Monarchy.
To be honest, it would by far be the most French thing to do! 😂
Come to think of, since France have both a President and a Prime Minister. Replacing the President with a Monarch would make France a constitutional Monarchy... 😳
Given how some of these republics seemed to end, who's to say the agitators won't get their wish noticed by the Monkey's Paw and will usher in the House of Macron.
None of France's pretender to the throne have any popularity or even visibility with the population. A key part of constitutional monarchies is that the legitimity of the monarch is established by tradition and recognition. The French pretenders are at best virtually unknown, at worst seen as partying jet-setters completely divorced from realities. There's no chance.
I can't wait to read about this in the editorial.
Nice job… congrats. Wishing you all the best all the way from Blighy 👍👍👍
One thing that annoys me about the TLDR videos is the constant misspellings of text on the screen (this time it's "consitution"). Glad to see that this time-honored tradition persists. (heh)
Perhaps they are hoping to be offered jobs at The Guardian?
If they want to be taken seriously they need to get a grip on this. Spend less time on epic comedy stick figures talking like chavs and more time fixing your errors
@@GorgeDawesyou mean The Grauniad?
Agreed! It comes off as sloppy, even though the content is solid. They need to hire someone who actually knows how spell, or at least find someone who can proofread.
Like, they refuse to hire competent proofreaders? I've done proofreading and make copy with 0 errors. This is attainable but maybe they just hire from their friend circles so don't hire best or even the good but the known (friends)
By tradition, either a 3rd Empire or a 3rd Kingdom must arise. Napoleon VIII or the Orleans must ascend to the throne.
Always love the history part of your movies.
Very informative. Didn't realize I was so ignorant on this topic.
“Vive LE France ?” Really ?
la
@@purplehaze8557 I know, but coming from pretend journalists is gives a good idea of how serious the research is.
As an American, I’m very envious of the this being a possibility. Nothing ever changes over here.
Well, you say that as if the changes would potentially be in your favor. The founders intended for it to be a slow process so we don’t have wild constitutional or legal changes because of the whims of voters in a single election
Yes it does. You know, stuff like the Voting Rights Act and the Civil Rights Act
@@muhammadmustafa2946 Wow so something changed 60 years ago!?!?! Mind blowing.
Well to be honest it's not much better in France. At least in the US you can make change state wide.
If I can ask, how do you identify yourself politically speaking?
Nicely laid out applause to you.
everyone talks about how france has had 5 republics in 250 years but no one talks about how south korea had 6 republics in just 70 years
Because South Korea is not a major geopolitical influencer like France is
I thought they usually had a kingdom or an empire in between the republics. Gotta follow tradition 😂
It really amazes me that no civil war occurred in France unlike Spain and Russia decpite being politically unstable since 1789
The Commune and its repression were a form of civil war
Thanks for reminding to subscribe. Apparently I'd been watching videos from TLDR EU (because they get suggested on my feed) without realizing that it actually is a different channel. 😅
I think you forgot an important date: 2002. Before that, the president was elected for 7 years and 5 since. Counterintuitively, that make them even stronger since they won't have to deal with a new parliament mi-term, MP also being elected for 5 years.
Napoleon II was the son of Napoleon I and Marie-Louise of Austria - technically reigning between the abdication of his father, and the restoration of Louis XVIII.
Spending his entire life at his grandfather's court in Austria, he died of pneumonia in 1842.
As French. You got it right. Napoleon II died of a disease at the age of 20th
died in 1832 you mean? also he didn't die of pneumonia, but tuberculosis
As a french monarchist, I really enjoyed this video.
Monarchist? Does that mean you want France to become a Sultanate? 🤔
@@phoque121 a universal caliphate.
Nop, more seriously, a hereditary, traditional, decentralised and antiparlementary type of government.
The burning of the 49.3 was in my town, Le Mans! It was funny to see my small city represented after listening for all these years
Let's hope so🙏
Finland went from a semi-presidential to a parliamentary system rather smoothly in the early 2000s.
Well, one is certainly due. In the last 240 years they have had a Directory, a Consulate, 5 Republics, a Monarchy, a restored Monarchy, a bourgeois Monarchy, two Empires, an attempted Commune, a Vichy regime....... That is about one new Constitutional system every 20 years. By that measure, the 60+ year old Fifth Republic is definitely due for an upgrade.
However, before we Brits with our 360 years of constitutional continuity get too smug, it is worth noting that not only is the constitutionally incontinent France doing just as well as us, but Italy, which has averaged little more than one government a year since 1945 is not too far behind.
True and good sum up. France manages to be stable. For investment it’s a good thing
49.3 is limitated by one by year except for budgetary laws and the process is followed by a trust votation and if the majoriry of the mp vote for censuring the governement is dismiss and the preqident must named a new one
Frieza: you have yet to see my final form
France: bring it on.
Bring the Bonapartes back, VIVRE L'EMPEREUR !
Yet another taste of monarchists.
Mate, the Bonapartes are normal people at this point. I worked with one of them and he was just a shy librarian.
As the Franch it's a good resume of the situation.
Just 6:25 if you want anorher example Melnchon want a 6th republic sinte the 80' when he was still unknown to the public
With a five-year term, the French presidency has too much power compared to the parliament. The Fourth Republic gets a bad rap for changing governments. But it was the same group of people moving from one ministry to another. France currently has a two-round system with the top two candidates going on to a runoff. That's one step better than American-style partisan primaries. But proportional representation is the state-of-the-art in democratic representation these days.
The run - off system is an attempt at stopping crazy ones from getting power, like JM le Pen in 2002.
But even then, Chirac came out 1st o the 1st round.
And this system locks a duo or triopoly, which is really bad in the long run (lack of reform, polarisation...).
As long as Germany doesn’t get any ideas
Well, they currently are with the growing popularity of far right parties.
Just watched this small boy prove he can count to 5
I kept hearing, "Sith Republic", which sounded both fun and foreboding at the same time. 😅
Yeah and we're sensing it
There's a lot of things to criticize the French on but you gotta hand it to them they do like their strikes against government and/or companies
I remember hearing people protesting about the penchant reform and people were setting things on fire. I was laughing my ass off but I can respect it, dont fuck with the French working class I guess
Sometimes unnecessarily in my opinion. The changes to the retirement age are needed as the population is aging, and there are fewer working-class people in proportion to those that retired. Either you increase the retirement age or taxes to compensate. 64 years is less than many countries have. Sometimes the government has to make decisions that are not popular, to benefit in the long term.
@@Ruzzky_Bly4t BS. They're not needed, it's a very low deficit and making the working class pay for it (or waste their life for it I should say) at a time of obscene company margins is uncredibly unfair.
There's an interview of Bruno Le Maire (minister of the economy) that sums up the fact that it's not necessary but purely ideological:
"Some are proposing that cotisations on the wealthiest should be raised, and-"
"No."
"Why?"
"Because no. It has been our choice to not increase fiscal pressure. But it is true that it would be a solution"
No we don’t like them. Any French person would like to have a representative government they do not have to strike against. Unfortunately our system is rotten and we do what we can.
@@Ruzzky_Bly4tits that mindset that lead to the problems france has now. Why should people work all the way until they are old and can barely move? I am young and American and let me tell you there are a lot of old people at My job that shouldnt be working. But because of people like you they are expected to.
I will give the French this they arent putting up with corporate making them their whipping bois and gals.
Damn the French love republics so much, they had 5 of them!
They need restoration
I hope so
New viewer. Great content. But could you axe the “hey I’m still talking about the subject of this video oh no I’m not I’m talking about my sponsor” transition? It feels like my attention is being hijacked.
Time to make a new French Empire!
Guys, it's La France, not Le France.
May god hear you
Intriguing data poetry
"You don't need an argument for a certain opinion if you just treat it as an obvious fact and say that the opposite is inherently bad by definition."
- TLDR every time they mention anything remotely different from inverted totalitarianism
Outside of France, it probably wouldn't be too outrageous to assume that a politician who married his teacher would give off fundamental political reform vibes.
What
Time for Coup
I'm personally hoping for the second Parisian Commune
While it is certain that, in today's more fractured political landscape, we need to switch to a more parliamentary system, it's gonna work out as long as we don't develop a culture of compromise in our political culture. Because, right now we have none of this
Democracy is unfortunate conducive with compromise culture. Ever right wing groups which don't want to sbandon their values are forced to compromise if there aren't enough votes. Look at Spain rn.
End the Republic, VIVRE LE TROISIÈME EMPIRE ET VIVRE L'EMPEREUR !
Damn, that would be embarrassing
One can only hope🙌🏼
I am French and nop
00:27 "Vive le France" is wrong, it's "Vive LA France" (yes french is boring I know)
I sure hope so.
5:55 in red "structually modified" so typo?
How about a Constitutional Monarchy again?
We tried 3 time, none of them worked long terms, could still go for an empire though germany got its 3rd Reich as terrible as it was we can get our 3rd empire
@@erwannthietart3602
Kind of a weird statement to say France's longest lasting form of government didn't work long-term.
Not to mention 3 of the 5 republics also did not work long-term.
1. It would be hard to choose which one to restore: Legitimist, Orleanist, or Bonapartist? By referendum or government choosing who had the stronger claim?
2. The nearest thing that they have to what you're saying right now was the liberal constitutional monarchy of Louis Philippe I however, he started taking more conservative stance later in his reign and was overthrown in the 1848 revolutions. Also, despite having a liberal reign, he was a meddling king (not full ceremonial) just like when Spain had progressive constitutions from 1836-1945. Another honorable mention was King Louis XVIII, while his regime was reactionary (Bourbon Restoration), he was a master politician and was able to balance the parliamentary forces between the revolutionaries and pro-Ancien Régime, sadly he died and was replaced by an even more royalist Charles X.
@@TimeMakerDotPH
The Orleanists are the only reasonable choice, French royalists really need to unite behind that line specifically.
The French Bourbon line is extinct, and the last pretender of that line (Henri, Comte de Chambord) made it clear in his will that all his claims went to the Orleans branch on his death. Thus the Bourbon and Orleans lines became one.
The current Legitimists have a questionable claim at best, and their candidate isn't even French, but a Spaniard. Not to mention they blatantly ignore the will of the last *real* Legitimist claimant.
As for the Bonapartes, for one the Bonapartes only represent a small piece of France's whole history. The current Bonapartes are also very uninterested in the whole monarchy thing (as opposed to Jean, Comte de Paris and Louis, Duc d'Anjou who are both very active).
Not to mention that compared to the other two, the Orleanists have a lot more real influence. They have real contacts with French politicians. They also are consistently for a Scandinavian-style ceremonial monarchy, as opposed to the Legitimists and Bonapartists who still flirt with backwards semi-constitutional or absolutist rule.
Since this whole republic idea doesn't seem to be working (I mean if they are thinking of creating their sixth one something has to be wrong), why not make it more interesting and bring back one of the French monarchs? :)
Restoration of the French Monarchy with British monarch? Angevin Empire? Franco-British union?
Count me in!
The royalists are actually advocating for that and if I recall we have currently two heirs for the throne (three if we count the imperial throne) that regularily remind us that if we need them back, they're more than willing to go back on there.
In fact we loved the last 5 Republics so much that we can't wait for the sequel 🤩
this is akin to changing my camo skin on my DMZ weapons. Same shit different look hahaha
Three republics in a row breaks the sequence though. They're due for another Man On Horseback.
You mentioned that Jean-Luc Melanchon is "hard-left" and that struck me that populist far left is never called by that name, contrary to the populist far right. I'm an extreme centrist and it seems to me that far left is just as crazy as far right.
Far left in the European context means “seize the means of production”. Lots of European parties run as socialists and communists, yet can’t even abide by the basic principle of abolishing the private ownership of the means of production. This is because they realized social democracy is better for the people than socialism and communism, and the parties switched their position as such. I don’t know enough about Melanchon to know whether he supports such policy. Seeing as he is called hard-left he is probably supportive of other left-wing positions that are very lefty.
Ones are saying that all Muslims are terrorist , the others want to increase minimum wages and rise taxes on wealthiest people. But yeah they're equally dangerous...
In comparaison with other candidates, he is not really far left, in the last election 3 out 12 candidates were communists, although only by name for one of them.
I feel like melechon and his party are even crazier than the far right
@@association3cm675 so who are the other two candidates because it's hard for me to imagine even "leftiest" politician.
The video is good, but frankly you could have mentioned briefly that the First French Republic was with many forms of governments. From the National Convention, to the Directory, to the Consulate.
When the subject is the first republic, yes. If it's a quick run down of history like this, no.
Using the Simon Whistler voice 👌
How about an elective monarchy?
I wish. Unfortunaly the 5th was designed for a great man with the nation in his mind, and his successors have clung to it like mussels to a rock, for their own agendas. There won't be 6th without blood.
So like every time before.
Tu ne supporterais pas De Gaulle si il était au pouvoir aujourd'hui, tu le traiterais sans doute de dictateur.
@@mkmc94 Un dictateur n'est pas nécessairement une mauvaise chose; tout dépend des intérêts qui l'animent. Mieux vaut un dictateur honnête et avéré qu'un pantin démocrate mégalo et corrompu.
My interest in a new republic would be for enshrined language rights. Breton, Occitan, and Catalonian aren't being supported nearly as much as they should be
Occìtan ❤
@@Lostouille tfw occitan has more protection in Spain than it does in its native land
@@isaac_aren ikr I want Occìtan back in our street and other in Occitanie. We just have some news and some newspaper in that language 🤦🏻♀️🤦🏻♀️
Leaving the EU should be the #1 priority, for budget, sovereignty and democracy.
The different iterations of government is basically just the change of the constitution so each new constitution that establish constitutes a new republic or system of government.
What I mean by new constitution is constitutional rewrite in it entirety.
The first French Republic aka the fun one
history matters fan i see
something tells me it's gonna happen, instability and protests don't favor the status quo in France
Constitution change? Likely
Sixth Republic? I don't think so
Unless it's LePen
Those kind of protests most definitely benefit the status quo in France.
Haha not gonna happen any time soon. Instability in France favors order and the will to vote for more authority like after protests of May 1968.
@@toyotaprius79 and then after LePen we get a second French Revolution... Great
@@recouer Fith/Sixth french revolution you mean
1789
1830
1832
1848
1870 (arguably)
Within 3 hours!
Whst will work best for France is Direct Referendum Democracy.