Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (RTMS) | Neuroscience Methods 101
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- čas přidán 8. 04. 2022
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, or rTMS, can be used to activate or deactive a brain region. But how does it work.
Whereas single pulses of TMS can activate a brain region for a fraction of a second, repetitive TMS pulses can have effects after stimulation has ended. There are several protocol. Conventional rTMS protocols include low frequency rTMS and high frequency rTMS. More recent, patterned rTMS protocols include intermittent theta burst stimulation, or iTBS and continuous theta burst stimulation or cTBS.
Generally high frequency rTMS and iTBS are thought to help neuroplasticity and activate the brain. Low frequency rTMS and cTBS are though to decrease brain activity. However, this should be taken with a grain of salt, since the results of rTMS can be variable. Effects differ between people and can differ from day to day. That is because rTMS effects depend on the current brain state.
References/resources:
Hoogendam, J. M., Ramakers, G. M., & Di Lazzaro, V. (2010). Physiology of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human brain. Brain stimulation, 3(2), 95-118. doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2009.10...
Lefaucheur, J. P., André-Obadia, N., Antal, A., et al. (2014). Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 125(11), 2150-2206. doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2014...
Wischnewski, M., & Schutter, D. J. (2015). Efficacy and Time Course of Theta Burst Stimulation in Healthy Humans. Brain stimulation, 8(4), 685-692. doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2015.03...
Narrated by: Miles Wischnewski
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Any thoughts on the consumer device, NeoRhythm?
Or those $500 RTMS , Transcranial magnetic therapy headsets (30mT) on Alixpres? Trouble is that all the instructions/lcd is in Chinese.
I'm interested in using one to help with sleep-maintenance.
Devices like NeoRhythm are indeed also magnetic stimulators, but they are not really like TMS. Their magnetic field is much, much smaller. So they do not induce action potentials. This technique is often called PEMF.
Currently the evidence for PEMF having any positive effects are mixed. Certainly not as convincing as for rTMS. Having said that, actually rTMS devices are extremely expensive and not available for commercial use.
Brilliant work 😊
Thank you!
Wonderful explanation 👏
Thanks
Go on
May Allah bless you
Thank you!
Hey, have a question have you heard of combining rtms and itbs in a treatment/ session at the same time?
At exactly the same time seems difficult, but you could imagine doing them sequentially, one after the other. This is what accelerated TMS paradigms are doing. But typically they use the same protocol (so 5x rTMS or 5x iTBS). I am not aware of studies combining iTBS and rTMS. I would also not really know what the outcome could be, to be honest.
@@real.psyched Providing rtms session in half then with a full itbs 1800 protocol that last about 8min.. For about a total of 20 minutes. Or providing both treatments consecutively.
our prof showed this video in a psych lecture :)
Wow that is cool! :D
Hi , just want to know
Is it possible to get treatment for autism kids?
There has been some research, but there is no FDA approval yet. I am aware that some practices may offer it. But, I would say that, right now, there is not enough evidence yet to support a convincing treatment use of TMS.
@@real.psyched
Thank you
Can it be useful for PTSD
There have been some promising studies, and some practices use it off label. However overall the effect sizes are not large enough to yield FDA approval. More research is needed
Can you please explain baseline brain activity like is high baseline brain activity overall brain activity or is it combined
The brain is always active, even if we do nothing. The activity that we see then in the brain is baseline activity.
Typically, it is not the case that the entire brain has high or low baseline activity. Rather certain regions are higher in activity than other. If certain regions are too low or too high in activity this can be problematic.
Can you describe me “regions”
In Punjabi where I’m from my uncle tells me that young people can’t drink because they don’t have enough “brain” could you describe to me what this could be
@@real.psyched why do you say in the video that rtms “activates” the brain
And I have people been told me that I have a “small brain” so does that refer to low baseline brain activity
I am 51 years male .my paralysis is 4 years old .i am bed no cure many medicine i use this rtms cure my paralysis please told me
Unfortunately rTMS cannot cure paralysis.
And does drinking alcholol decrease brain activity
Drinking alcohol does not per se decrease activity. However high alcohol use over years can lead to damage, which can upset the baseline activity balance between regions.
@@real.psyched why does google say that then
@@real.psyched and is there actually electromagnetic brain activity
@@real.psyched how many kinds of brain activity are there
@@real.psyched I did see a study on brain activity where it was basically showing that brain activity influences the way we see ourselves and the world is brain activity that complex of topic?