Bizarre Form of Water Ice Solves a Magnetic Mystery on Neptune and Uranus
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- čas přidán 7. 05. 2024
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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about a discovery of yet another type of water ice
Links:
www.nature.com/articles/s4146...
www.nature.com/articles/s4159...
Previous ice form discovery: • Previously Unknown Typ...
#water #ice #astronomy
0:00 Snowflakes, ice and solid water - common or rare?
1:30 Voyager 1 finds weird magnetism
2:20 Superionic water
3:10 Water ice forms and their properties
6:05 One strange exception
7:05 Ice as metal - most common water?
8:00 Superionic ice
9:05 How this explains Neptune and Uranus
9:40 How this was found
10:55 Crystals and solids inside gas giants
12:30 Conclusions
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Andrzej Falenty CC BY 4.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_XVI...
LorenzoU1956 CC BY-SA 4.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_XVI...
Goran tek-en CC BY-SA 4.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superio...
Alexey Kljatov CC BY-SA 4.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowfla...
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Kurt Vonnegut wrote a great sci fi story (Cat's Cradle) about a form of ice he called Ice Nine. It was solid at room temp... but it had a very deadly property. Any liquid water which touched ice nine particles would also freeze into ice nine (at room temperature). The story details the outcome.
i love when commenters explain the reference so i dont have to search for what everyone's talking about. ❤
@@nonwibb Kurt Vonegut has had a lasting legacy on English. The phrase "Catch-22" comes from his novel "Catch-22".
Ice 9! Lol
@@poetryflynn3712Nope that was a novel written by Joseph Heller.
( It took decades, but Joseph Heller finally finished his second novel. )
"water can be magnetized depending on its structure" Well I be damned.
Water molecules are already magnetized.
I hope you meant that excellent pun
Yeah, will wonders ever cease? 🧠💥
You'll achieve bird sense.
Damn you! 😉
Bernard G. Vonnegut, Kurt’s brother, under contract to the DoD, worked to discover other isomers of H2O, it was their hope to pitch it into water, solidify, and cross.
His research was at GE, he got his brother a gig there as a PR flack.
Two novels, Cat’s Cradle and Player Piano directly from his GE experience.
Player piano is my favorite story. I still play at a friendly dive once a week. It stays in your soul.
Is that how Kurt Vonnegut predicted Harrison Bergeron with pinpoint accuracy !?!
So cool! Err, let's hope none of those odd crystallizations (including the amorphous) on Neptune or other planets make it to Earth. Ice 9 lives!
I learn so many interesting things from just reading the comments on Anton’s channel! Having a great group of likeminded folks in one place that interact and share their own thoughts and experiences is really amazing! I am stuck with many mouth breathing missing links type of people very frequently, so it’s nice to be reminded that there are intelligent and inquisitive individuals interested in science out there. The obnoxious “let me show everyone how smart I am by being condescending and arrogant” ones I could do without though…
Cross what? Are you trying to suggest that they were hoping to create an ice bridge or road? The connection with Ice 9 is apparent -- Anton must not have read "Cat's Cradle".
Petrov is one in a million. If he did not make videos, we would stay stupid. Thanks for explaining it in a way that includes strange computer generated image zoom ins, where ice 18 shows purple silk, and some twisting swirl, which I'm sure applies, but just piles on to the fact that there is more to learn.
It's basically from the wikipedia page for phase of ice. It is pretty wild what water does at different temperatures and pressures and has been studied a fair bit, with many new phases of ice discovered in recent years.
@@flinxsl I like that you explained the demo source, I sew, and knowing material, it speaks to me personally, to see graphic weight and weft.
Everyone else is talking about Vonnegut, but I came here for the chill puns.
Water also has a gel phase at standard temperature and pressure. This turns out to be very interesting in biological systems, changing ion solvency - particularly at interfacial surfaces of proteins (see works of GH Pollack and Gilbert Ling).
And the work of biophysicist Mae Wan Ho, including the topic of liquid crystalline water and the acupuncture meridian system. She is published in books as well as online at the Institute of Science in Society.
@@MEFbeeloveInteresting. Thanks for bringing that to my attention. For sometime now I’ve considered acupuncture and acupressure to be essentially neuromodulatory with the later via mechano-electrical transduction. Since the gel phase of water is evident at metallic surfaces (and glass), what you bring up provides some very intriguing perspectives.
Ling termed this organized phase to be ice-like while Pollack prefers to call it a gel.
@@johnpayne7873 I work directly with the meridian system and acupoints, particularily with the Master Tung system that can acheive instant action (pain relief faster than nerve conduction) at a distance, called non-local or distal acupuncture, which can be perhaps understood as quantum entanglement. In that context the interfacial liquid crystal (aka gel, 4th phase, EZ, structured, coherent) water is the substrate for relaying energy (ions/solitons) and information (not unlike wifi signaling). Its a fascinating subject and even cooler when applied to human well-being.
@@johnpayne7873 yes to what you wrote mechanical electro induction. Liquid crystalline water is piezo electric...so a needle or pressure can induce the conduction of an electrical current, which in turn generates magnetic fields. Chinese medicine uses a term called Wei Qi, can be thought of as immune syatem, and I think of it as robust magnetic fields generated by the electrical conductivity of the meridians/fascia/water, not unlike the magnetic field of the Earth buffering solar and cosmic exposures like CMEs and gamma rays. The micro/macrosomic correspondence.
@@MEFbeelove Actually I was thinking of membrane ion channels, not water.
There’s a nice review in Nature 2020:
Discoveries in structure and physiology of mechanically activated ion channels; J. M. Kefauver, A. B. Ward & A. Patapoutian.
The role of magnetic fields in biological systems has always been a fascinating but very though one.
I’m sure you know macrostudies of brain and heart, but at the molecular level, we need better hardware.
In "The Brothers Vonnegut", I learned Kurt Vonnegut's older brother worked with other forms of ice, to solve plane crashes caused by icing. This work became the basis for Kurt's apocalyptic novel, "Cat's Cradle" in which Ice-9 destroys life on Earth.
63 and still chuckle when I hear "what's going on inside Uranus".
😂
Butthole jokes are about as bad as time travel comments. That’s why I just left one.
💩
You win! Great comment!!!!
*rolls eyes. Ok boomer.
But you know that it has a new way of being pronounced right? Also, I do have a sense of humour, Just different from you or perhaps others.
Do not misunderstand my comment it is not meant to shoot you down or troll you. My comment is more or less because I'm shocked someone your age has such a childish humour.
Might as well say "inside your ass" Instead of "Uranus"
Or maybe the joke is so severely overused that it literally lost its novelty for being a genuine funny.
Anyways, haha very funny (sarcasm 🙄)
Glad you had a cheap laugh. Have a good day 😁👍✌️
Ice Nine is real? Holy fuck ...
Makes me want to listen to ice nine kills 🤘
Ice IX is real, Ice 9 is not. Real Ice ix is not stable at earth surface ambient pressure and temperature, unlike Vonnegut's fictional Ice 9, and requires that diamond 💎💎 anvil vice he mentions for exotic pressure, and cooling, to form from ice iii. Not exotic cooling, but well below polar.
@@BillRickerI'm pretty sure OP meant that as a rhetorical question 😅
If it was, we’d all be dead. It’s all in the historical account titled “Cat’s Cradle. Oops, i meant “unhistorical.”
Electricity forms magnetic fields. We live in an Electric Universe
⚡🧲
About a decade ago during a heavy fog with temps around 4°F I observed rectilinear frost crystals which were like postage stamps but 1/4 the size that were attached to sage stalks along one edge.
At age 74 I've outlived my appreciation for the many unique forms of a blizzard.
Hang in there. I only had to shovel twice last winter.
@@pmboston Greetings from the BIG SKY.
I used the snowblower once last winter. It was only about 6”. Highly unusual for Erie Pennsylvania.
I’m 73 and my appreciation of ice is confined to the preparation of a dry martini.
Perhaps your dopaminergic and serotonin neurons are worn out, so you don’t gain much pleasure or excitement from anything.
I can honestly say that is the weirdest fact I now know ... Ice 19 is water that's metal..... thx Anton have a great weekend!
There is metalic hydrogen in Jupiter's core.
marsdroid, I certainly hope you took more from this than that single soundbite rattling around in your mind.😮
Yeah! Rock on! That would be a great band name. You’ve heard of liquid death, now here’s ice 19, obviously a heavy metal band.
Or maybe a metallic band.
@@tinkerstrade3553 nope , i was considering making a cocktail called an ice 19 and got distracted
I'd like it if there were also Blues Ice, Jazz Ice, Classical Ice, Romance Ice and Rock Ice. I guess there could also be country and western Ice if you insist.
All new to me as an old Australian of 75, Anton! I've signed up and looking forward to more fascinating science videos of yours. Cheers, Geoff. ❤️
Kurt Vonnegut - "Cat's Cradle"
Let's hope they don't find Ice 9.
@@Walter-wo5szyeah… about that… it might be a bit late
Boko-maru 👣
@@Walter-wo5sz All the Ice numbers can be found on wikipedia under "phases of ice." Ice-9 has significantly different properties from the book.
Top of the mountain, nestled on my back, single digit salute, my final act of defiance. It makes me smile.
Applause to Anton for consistently publishing videos with interesting scientific information and discoveries.
One of my buddies and I used to amuse ourselves by freezing ice cubes in liquid nitrogen. When placed in a container of liquid nitrogen (something in the neighborhood of 379 degrees below zero F), ice cubes shrank down into solid little crystals like diamonds. But they didn't melt and turned back into liquid water, they vaporized and completely disappeared.
That might have not been water by the time you thawed it, that might have been solidified air or CO2. I don't know the mixing rate (it's probably slow), but the evaporation and condensation processes would presumably speed up the mixing to some level.
"But they didn't melt and turned back into liquid water, they vaporized and completely disappeared." Sublimation.
That's weird, according to the phase diagram, there certainly are phase changes that go from a solid straight to a gas, but only when at or above 213MPa or at or below around 612Pa. The table also tells that ice becomes ortho rhombic at liquid nitrogen temps, but ice is also perfectly clear at normal numbers, it just needs to be frozen from bottom to top to let the gases out, or are you talking about the shape the ice takes on?
I think sublimated is the word.
@@BabbittdaWabbitt sounds good to me 💦
What a "cool" subject! 😊 Humor for the day! Anton always makes me smile!
Always 😊
So do l😊
Npc
Kurt Vonnegut wrote a novel (Cat's Cradle) with ice-nine, a fictional ice with a higher freezing temperature.
Dr. Emoto did research study on frequency, and the correlating geometric snowflake-style, of water. Also Hans Jenny did frequency experiments, with sand on a metal plate, that would make different shapes, for the varying frequencies.
Metallic water … OK, but crystalline water and amorphous ice blew my mind.
It's Ice Jim! but it's not as we know it is.
Earl grey, hot!
You make me feel like i'm in an old soviet space movie being debriefed on space stuff.
Anton, that was actually a funny play on words!😂 Totally caught me off guard. 👍👍
Different water implies that water may not need to be present but in the right form for life to develop as we understand it.
Good point.
Exactly
The notion that water is required is predicated on it being a relatively organically benign liquid that is extremely common here. It's mostly a mechanical necessity, and only in respect to life on Earth that resulted from it a chemical one. This being specifically what we colloquially refer to as "water", as in pure form it most likely does not exist on Earth naturally.
@null2470 we do not know of any other life. Once there is anyotver independence example, I can posts further.
🎉 should talk about the formation of ice crystals and their positive or negative charge including the seed
Water is the strangest thing.
It is impressive how wonderful water is, not only is the base chemistry set for all living things, but also has so many forms, I wonder how many different form of life use those forms and how....
Honestly, Ice-18 and Ice-19 might prove more important for studying superconductors (or extending outwards from superconductors) than anything else.
6:45 it snowed on that Mars Polar Probe. looked like snow too.
Ehm, no, it was not snow, it was brine that cumulated in different layers on top of the probe.... Nasa has readings about the phenomena.
It was most likely solid CO₂ snow ("dry ice")
"Mars ain't the kind of place to raise your kids
In fact, it's cold as hell"
- Bernie Taupin
sorry. i couldn't resist. lol. ice-o-topes. lol.
This channel remains my favorite and most rewarding find on YT. Thank you Anton! Hard science is good for the mind!
Thanks Anton. Yet more fascinating discoveries that, without your channel, I'd have no knowledge of. Great stuff. 👍👍👍👍👍
Tour videos are always so incredible! I don't know anyone who shares so much about so many different and complex topics.
Ice 9!!
Water is actually a super strange thing. We're just used to it as it is everywhere. A fact that it is liquid is bizarre. And that ice has lower densitiy and floats on top of it, wtf. I would like to see more content just about weird properties of water, either from you or from somewhere else. Thanks.
The graph is so weird. with increasing pressure the freezing point remains constant, then gradually decreases, then rapidly increases. Also I wonder can any liquids exist in a vacuum?
From what we know, no liquid can, the reason is the wild temperatures that the materials will endure, one side been cooked and the other frozen to up -270 kelvins.
@@marcoflumino He just meant vacuum, not the vacuum of space.
Yes
mercury ?
"Exists" is a weird, if not incomplete, quantifier. Since any molecule evaporate in vacuum (albeit at different rate); liquid, like solid, could exist in vacuum for some time. Its just that with long enough timespan you could just say its improbable.
Thank you for sharing
Sounds like Kurt Vonnegut's Ice-9 is right around the corner
Thank you for your videos Anton. You always do a great job of explaining things
Damn that is so cool 🥹I've been curious for years as to why Neptune + Uranus have such insane magnetic fields, so this discovery bringing us just a bit closer to understanding is so exciting!!
6:04 Lab grown diamonds are as real as diamonds mined from the earth. Lab grown diamonds are identical to earth mined diamonds in every way, except that they are grown in a lab. They have the same chemical, physical, and optical properties as mined diamonds and exhibit the same fire, scintillation, and sparkle.
They have fooled many a diamond expert.
But, if it's not covered in the blood of children, it does not sparkle as well
False, they do not have the imperfections that mined diamonds have, so they're not the same. Lab grown diamonds are better and more "perfect", any and all claims that lab grown diamonds are worse, "unnatural" or "won't have the same meaning if used in jewelry or a wedding ring" originates from the diamond monopoly and is propaganda.
Shalom,
Am surprised didn't mention Kurt Vonnegut's "Cat's Cradle," and the infamous ICE-9 that freezes water at room temperature.
Thank you Anton , great topic
This was fascinating. One of your best, and that’s a pretty high standard. I knew there were many water ices, but almost nothing beyond that bare fact. Terrific.
Thank you for all the wonderful content, you give us a lots to think about.
Stunning. Thanks, Anton.
Always appreciated
Thank you
Super fascinating episode!
Another great educational video Anton! You’re genuinely one of the greatest creators who entertain and teach people about the various sciences and discoveries that make our world an ever growing and evolving place! You should have over five million subscribers by now though.. I always recommend your videos and channel to everyone I know that likes to learn about science and other STEM fields in a way that doesn’t feel like a lecture! Keep up the amazing work
Great work Anton!
Very interesting. Thanks AP.
Very interesting. You explained all this very well. Thank you.
The various types of water is ongoing and amazing in the amounts of things we don't know about it yet. It's truly an incredible part of life on earth and other. Gr8! Peace ☮💜Love
So strange to imagine these bizarre forms of water. When looking at all the factors that have to come perfectly together to form our world the Earth, it's unlikely that there are big numbers of Earth like planets full of advanced life in the universe. The universe is larger than our brain can imagine, so maybe there are "Earths" out there, but I believe we are very rare. More basic life, is probably found all over.
From the perspective of the universe at large, we are nothing more than basic life....not yet worthy of the adage of advanced.
Thank you for such wonderful new knowledge. The universe is full of surprises!
Wonderful as always Anton. Thank you. 🙃😎👍
I always watch till the very end of the videos, hoping for a good little bit that'll make me smile. Cheers!! Lol😂 much appreciation for all your work in making the daily videos! Your a wonderful person too!
Keep up the good work!
Your videos are always so interesting.
Love you wonderful person, thank you for your guidance and education 😊
Thanks Anton, another informative and interesting video
seems like Eskimos were onto something with their many words for ice and snow
I had the same thought...😊
If water can be so different, so can life.
Aside...I've seen some strange forms of water in heavy engineering.
Good, informative, episode.
i believe water plays a more profound role in the existense of life than we imagine
Try to exist without it ' right?
Thank you Anton
Very interesting Anton. Here in New England and probably in Canada, we often see an allotropic form of ice. When huge piles of snow melt there is a kind of ice created by the pressure of the packed snow pile. If I remember my 1960s Earth Science correctly, it was called firn, but now firn is glacial pre-crystallized ice. It doesn't seem to melt but to evaporate [or is the term evanesce].
One of my favorite things about this infinite creation is that, there will never cease to be new discoveries. 😎 Thank you Universal Father for this Grand and Infinite creation.
Good bless you Anton
Thanks Anton, another dose of Brain food & what a great start to the weekend, have a wonderful weekend and we'll all keep Waving. PEACE AND LOVE TO EVERYONE ❤❤❤.
Fascinating stuff.
This was a n-ice video. Very chill. Watched it while having a cold brew. Really solidified what I knew about water. I'll stay frosty for more, though, gotta keep cool.
Chill-out dude
@@PaulG.x That's cold, man. Why so frigid about my post? There's snow reason to be like that.
You guys are insane! This is crazy to think about much less discover. This is unlocking the rest of the elements on the periodic table. ❤gj
Vonnegut!
This makes me think about our little bubble of life in a completely different way thank you.
"Icy" what you did at the end... hehe! Stay wonderful!
Hello Anton, if you look up and listen to the story of Mel's Hole, it mentions a strange form of water which may be just a fictional tale- but it is entertaining to think about. The only other form of water that I've heard of is EZ Water- that is talked about by Gerald Pollack in a playlist in the CZcams channel Thunderbolts Project. This water is present at normal temperatures above freezing in every container. It is the purest form of water according to him. If EZ water could be tapped into and extracted any polluted source could be purified.
Hello somewhat wonderful person!
Lots of *somewhats* in this wonderful video.
Amorphous ice is quite desired in cyoconservstion of cells and tissues. You need fast cooling or better, on earth, addition of substances helping formation of stable glass form of ice. Keep it below Mknus 80 C, and it will stay glassy. But at - 30, 40, it starts to crystallize.
I’m glad to see this video. I have been pushing this for nearly a decade. The funny part is I have been ridiculed for suggesting superionic water is at the cores of planets and moons. I believe even the earth has a superionic core stabilized by the overly large moon. Even the sun and stars cores have a superionic core. As white dwarfs prove this because of their crystalline oxygen structure. You see stars have a superionic core and a hydrogen shell. This is because all planetoids and stars originally began as globes of water. As pressure and gravity compresses the core, it transforms the water into superionic water. Throwing off the electrons, the oxygen bounds together and the hydrogen, being able to flow freely, migrates to lower pressure. Which is moving outside the core forming a shell of hydrogen. In planets the boundary of the core reacts with the hydrogen forming other elements from shockwaves and other disturbances. While stars radiate out the hydrogen in the solar wind. As the hydrogen is expelled the pressure which contains the core loosens the pressure. Until the hydrogen mantle can no longer contain the superionic core. This will cause the core to expanded and in some cases react with the hydrogen creating a blast that can destroy the star or expel the shell of hydrogen. This reaction reforms water as a nebula. Leaving behind a crystalline oxygen white dwarf, a neutron star and with larger masses, a black hole. Funny thing is superionic ice is identified as being black or glowing yellow. Which would explain many things about stars and their formations.
One side note is masses smaller than stars (planetoids) have the same structure as stars but the core reacts more often with the shell of hydrogen forming other elements through gravity waves and shock waves. Forming silicon, sulfur, magnesium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and other elements. Silicon and sulfur will consist over 90% of the new elements. These elements are necessary for plant nutrition. One of the most abundant byproduct of these fusions will be helium. First as a alpha particle until they capture electrons. When water transform to superionic water, they loose their electrons which gives off light. This allows ionic atoms to easily bind with other ionic atoms forming new elements and then capture electrons. I also believe these cores have no other elements present. Such as silicon or metals. The nature of superionic water doesn’t allow it to. Planets expels these new element particles near the equator as hotspots. Like cyclones, volcanoes and even as mud volcanoes. Forming a shell around the dense core. This is determined by the mass of the planetoids.
Get this. The formation of galaxies is the same bases. As a quasar. Only more violent. Giving off the deadly gamma radiation. The destroyer. Gamma rays will sanitize the galaxy of all life. Then the quasar will calm down pushing the water out to form the spiral arms. These arms will coalesce to form planets and stars. While the core of the quasar may leave behind a condensed mass of crystalline oxygen as a black hole. Just my thoughts.
I'd love you to do an episode on the 4th phase of water.. or EZ water.. super fascinating..
The more I watch you Anton, the more I believe in Rare earth (fermi paradox)
So this is why Uranus has such magnetic attractivity!
Always a very interesting experience.
i assumed our ice would be common since i never thought of earth as having high pressures or super low temperatures (1 atm seems pretty tame in the scheme of things with most of the universe being zero or lots 🙂) so...our ice forms under relatively narrow conditions? it needs some pressure to be below 0c but not too much of either?
My dentist has warned me not to chew on ice anymore. This was interesting, but now I just want a big old cup of pebble ice to chomp on...
Try those iced cubed drop things.
Are you iron deficient? Often the craving for ice can indicate anemia. 😊
No sorry needed bro I love your presentation.♥
This is incredible
Thanks!
To me the "big question" is can amorphous water found on asteroids be converted to
normal earth water? The answer to this may have impact on future manned space exploration within the solar system for example colonization of Mars or Ganymede? Which type of water is on Ceres?
I'm wondering if there is undetected water on Venus that we have failed to observe because we didn't know what to look for. Obviously, the place to start this search would be an investigation of ice that can exist under the extremely high pressure and temperature such as what occurs near the Venusian surface.
If this search is fruitful, I will make a report somewhere in this comment section..
There are many different types of Ice, but they are all just different ways of arranging the same H2O molecules as a solid.
Once melted into liquid H2O or boiled into H2O vapor, they all turn into the same liquid water & water vapor.
@@Kieselmeister 75 to 100 Atmospheres pressure, is about what we currently believe is Venus's surface atmospheric pressure. 75 atmospheres is only .0076 giga pascals, which is not nearly close enough to the requisite pressures required to produce the various (locally) exotic forms of water ice discussed in this wonderful video.
Nonetheless, the information in this video will forever alter my expectations w.r.t. water in "extreme" environments. I still haven't ruled out the existence of some exotic types of water ice underground on Venus (beneath the heavy atmosphere of CO2 and tons of Venusian surface rock). We might eventually have to revisit the presumption that the solar wind blew all Venus's water away.
It seems like the pressure is overcoming the covalent bonds. As the pressure in a Neutron star overcomes the atomic structure. Interesting stuff.
Not just for water but possibly other compounds as well.
We like weird and unusual stuff. More please.
Love the triple negatives. Looking forward to Ice20
I done my bachelors research project on cumulating other peoples research on room temperature ionic liquids aboit 20 years ago... It was such an interesting concept so its interesting to see an extreme conditions version on
Congrats on yur candidacy.wish yu all the best
All the more reason there needs to be a new dedicated mission to one or both of the Ice Giants.
Also, could Ganymede's magnetic field be potentially explained by the presence of Ice 18 in its core?
That list is missing my boy Vanilla Ice.
Nice pun at the end though!
Thanks
This is very interesting. What about other molecules, do they have similar response to extreme conditions?