When Lizards Took Over the World
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- čas přidán 8. 12. 2020
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Lizards are incredibly widespread and diverse but it took them a long time to get to where they are now. Because they used to face some pretty stiff competition from a group of lizard look-alikes.
Thanks to these wonderful paleoartists for their excellent lizard/fake lizard illustrations!
Ceri Thomas: / alphynix
Jack Byrley: / bedupolker
Fabrizio De Rossi: / artoffabricious
Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: / pbsdigitalstudios
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References: docs.google.com/document/d/1P... - Věda a technologie
Tuatara being the last of their kind and hidden away in a remote island sounds like a revenge plot in the making.
Tuatara lives matter.
Has any species dwindled so far ever come back to dominate?
we are not a remote country were literally the size of the UK leave us along :'(
@Eastern fence Lizard ehhh...we absorbed the other homonids (there are at least 4 in our gene pool...2 we have no clue about) so if you remove Homo sapiens our relatives probably stick around
@@hannah.r6613 bigger
Scientists: name lizards ‘lizards’
Also scientists: name dinosaurs ‘terrible lizards’
Dinosaurs: wtf bro :(
I could be wrong, but I thought he called them 'Terrible' in the sense that they are terrifying? I think that's how people talked back then adunno xD
I guess if we'd name them today we'd call them 'Scary Birds' but like in Latin or sumthn.
EDIT: o 'Dinosaur' ain't Latin, it's actually Greek apparently.
Dino comes from δεινός
which means 'Fearfully Great'. The 'terrible' seems to be an outdated translation.
If we put 'Scary Bird' into Greek we'd get τρομακτικό πουλί or 'Tromaktiko Pouli' seems like a mouthful lol
Could also just go with 'DinoPouli' to keep the old Dino in there. Sounds a little better ;D
They're right, dinosaurs make terrible lizards
When the dinosaurs got their name people thought they were basically big lizards, and now we're stuck with it.
Blake's totally unfiltered reaction to that pun was everything.
I've heard mammal referred to as milk lizards.
Human conspiracy theorists:
The lizard people are REAL!
Lizard conspiracy theorists:
The Sphenodontian are among us!
I love this idea!
The lizard version of Uncanny Valley
The Tuatara:
What, no, no there aren't.
Yes, we lizard people are real.
@@thomaswampler6209 Hmm…tuatara sus, they did card swipe in two seconds.
What I expected: How Lizards Took Over the World
What I got: I Miss the Sphenodontians, the Tuatara must be lonely
@Ak Am the clue in their username. It's a character from the Dune novel series.
Look at its eyes, it looks like it’s crying all the time because its friends all died out
Meanwhile, tuataras: [eats bug]
[falls asleep on a warm cozy rock]
F for the Tuatara, last of his kind
F
F
F
And horribly endangered.
F
So while archosaurs and synapsids are locked in a perpetual battle for domination, squamatas quietly take over the world.
First synapsids had a mass extinction event, then archosaurs had a mass extinction event...
*I don’t like where this is going.*
Well they've only managed Komodo so far so they've got a long way to go.
@@purpleemerald5299 Well 1.5 for both, both of them got hit kind of hard by the end Triassic extinction.
@@Robert399 but don't estimate the potential of small lizard like amniote tho. All great dynasties start from there. And after all, mosasaurs managed to occupy almost all the vacant niches in a very short period of time when ichthyosaurs and pliosaurs went extinct.
@@Robert399 But ya they should probably figure out the whole breathing while running thing in a more elegant way.
"In a tropical forest that is now Brazil" Apperantly Brazil didn't change much
Alas, there is a bunch of people trying to change that.
Humans: Not for long.
Bolsonaro: Hold my beer.
@@sohopedeco como se nunca antes houvesse queimadas na história do Brasil. Globo e sua audiência de zumbis.
*YOU'RE GOING TO BRAZIL!*
Narrators: There were lizard impostors filling up the ecological niches of lizards today, which seems kind of suspicious.
Me: I SEE WHAT YOU DID THERE.
SUS
Now there is only one impostor among us.
RIGHT?! I was making coffee and listening to the video while the baby napped and my five year old thought the video broke me from how hard I laughed.
I'm happy to see other people noticed! That was a flawless reference there!
?
Tuatara be like:How do you do fellow lizards
They even look like Steve Buscemi.
Lizards: Hmm, can you open up your mouth a bit more, "friend"?
Tuatara lives matter.
@Roberto Biagio Randazzo Tuatara isn't that interesting.
You'd need to take a vote on what species you want to sacrifice, too, since the only way it'll survive is in a new place with no modern competition, and with an even more vulnerable species to bump off.
You keep calling Sphenodontians lizard-imposters but I say that lizards are just sphenodon-imposters!
I was about to say.
Don't get technical about it.
It is against the law to say that since our overlords are lizards
What? That’s crazy! Next you’re going to tell me that birds are just pterosaur imposters!
@@purpleemerald5299 No, but bats are.
I feel like a lot of EONS videos mention how Grad students have made major breakthroughs by revisiting old discoveries. Very grateful for those willing to make the effort to further science!
Lizards rule, I mean, not like back in the day, but you know what I mean.
I get it. Mark zukkerberg.
You talking about Dinosaurs? Those ain't Lizards, they are related to birds.
Literally if you ask David Ike...
@@Broockle Birds and Reptiles are related soooo..
@@autismman6360 Birds are reptiles. Dinosaurs are reptiles but not lizards.
"So you'd want to make Godzilla our pet?”
“No, we would be his”
@crazy intellectual007
I see you're hyped for Godzilla Singular Point which will be released in April 2021
I aspire to be referred to as “that overly ambitious grad student”
You know what one of my favorite things about Sci Show and PBS Eons and the rest of your projects is? You guys are all huge dorks. And I mean that in the best way, as a huge dork myself. You guys love this stuff, you love learning about it and you love teaching it, and you also can't keep a straight face when you share those awful jokes and puns at the end. I just love your "oh goddammit" faces. XD
“I used to rule the world...”
They still do.
Jk , or am I?
"chunks would load when I gave the word"
@@zawwin1846 just suggesting it like this is sad and pathetic.
My sons would be freed, if i ruled the world.
But then I took an arrow to the neck lol
My name is also blake (as I hope you can tell) so when he said "brace yourself Blake." I honestly thought he was talking to me for a second.
My name is Lizzard so I honestly thought he was talking about me the whole episode.
Blake is an awesome name.
Lizzard that's a pretty awesome name
@@joeyspijkers9867 tbh my real name is Elisabeth but Lizzard is what my cool friends call me.
What if he was talking to you Blake?
I also am sincerely mind-blown to learn mosasaurs were lizards.
Right?! (BdeP)
They evolved from varanids that lived on coasts, and found the water to be safer away from larger and faster terrestrial predators.
From what I recall, the position of mosasaurs within lizards is still up in the air, but they belong to the same group that includes things like varanids (monitors), helodermatids, and snakes, among others. So all of those are more closely related to each other and to mosasaurs than any are to, say, geckos or skinks.
@@mattj4005 as I kind of understand it, snakes probably evolved from the other two groups, and Mosasaurs may have evolved from a an early transitional snake. I say that because mosasaurs still have limbs, so it's unlikely they would have redeveloped limbs after starting to lose them. But one thing many mosasaurs have is a flexible lower jaw that can split apart slightly to allow them to swallow larger prey. Snakes are the only group with which they share that feature.
@@themockingdragon135 I got curious about this after I posted and skimmed a few recent papers. The Toxicofera group seems to be pretty consistently recovered in phylogenetic analyses. That includes anguimorphs (varanids, helodermatids, anguids, etc.), iguanians, and snakes. Not too many analyses include mosasaurs alongside living squamates, but those that do tend to recover them inside Toxicofera, too. Pyron (2017), for example, recovers mosasaurs either closest to Anguimorpha or closest to snakes. Toxicofera itself seems to be nested pretty highly inside Squamata, with geckos, skinks, and lacertids more distantly related.
I love how he's quietly become JACKED
Blake is science's Pietro Boselli.
yeah hez aging like wine
Blake is the tough protector for all the kids who were picked on for being “nerds”
He's concealed carrying this time
oh god i only just noticed. scary.
"I was today years old when I learned this!" I think this is the most adorable statement ever made in the history of PBS lmao.
blake is so cuuuuuute
i know they have a huge team writing the episodes but the presentator and educator not knowing mosasaurs were lizards... :/
"Those other 'lizard' wannabes"
If you wanna be my Lizard, you gotta get the right kin
Make it last forever, like the lizards did!
Blake: “I can’t even-“
I don’t know why this set me right off 😂
Yay new vid 💕
Edit: just had to identify a squamate skull on my final exam
Fun, I took vertebrate biology last year in college. Great class!
anyone else wondering what happened to the eontologist "Steve" who was the last listed name every video for at least a year???????? Steve?! You ok?
Im sure he is doing just fine!
They mentioned a few videos ago that he wasn't able to be a patreon anymore. I'm guessing he's having money problems so he had to cut down on the money he was spending. I hope he gets better and is able to become a patreon again.
@@angela.m Yeah, they mentioned he was not supporting it anymore.
I always thought he was just a running gag...
He vanished from the fossil record because of changes in climate.
0:59 When the lizard impostor is suspicious!
When Lizards Took Over the World. I wonder if this was done to scales.
Grammar?
BA DUM TSSSSSS
When my group of friends play Among Us, we have one hard rule: any pun gets you spaced( ejected,) no matter how good or cringed it is
Allegedly
Imagine if that gap between lizard fossils was actually because they never died 👀
Blake really do be hitting upper body day more and more each episode
Blake is a man of science. He believes in the survival of the fittest.
Soon he will have bigger muscles than Muscle Hank
Not skipping leg day, either. His quads don't really fit those straight-cut jeans.
To be honest he's kinda hot for an older guy 👀 haha
5:38 i was today years old when i found out that mosasours are true lizards. Bruh u made a vid about them 2 months ago
Wait what oh yeah there closely related to the monitor lizards
If you are referring to "The Sea Monster from the Andes", then no. That one was about Pliosaurs, which are not lizard.
@@thewhovianhippo7103 fascinating. I wrongly took it to mean 'more closely related to monitors' rather than a type of lizard.
I would have thought they were separate from snakes and lizards, not actual lizards.
@@TctyaDDKhang Ogo. Pogo.
The last time I was this early Megachirella was still vibing in the Triassic
“They had us in the first half, not guna lie”
-mammals
Plot twist: that normal green iguana is a baby Godzilla
Technically true
godzilla is actually a marine iguana. Confirmed in the books and movie from 2014
THAT MOVIE SUCKED! REEEEEEE
@@TheMadTurtle it did
@@TheMadTurtle so do you prefer the cannon reason of godzilla being a t-rex that survived on an island and got irradiated by the bombs? Cuz i do it's goddamn hilarious
I loved this episode. As a herpetologist, I was just waiting for some squamate talk on this channel!
Love this channel, I've been subscribed for about two years now! :) but just got to make a few corrections as a palaeontologist specialising in sphenodontians.
*the opening labelled at 1:52 is not the temporal opening. The supratemporal opening would be located medio-dorsally to the squamosal (the bone in red), though Trachylepis is probably not a good choice to show this as the supratemporal opening has actually been lost altogether in this genus. The lower temporal opening, where the circle is located is the "second temporal opening" that rhynchocephalians secondarily acquired but that is absent in almost all lizards.
*There is still some debate as to whether the common ancestor for rhynchocephalians and lizards appeared in the Permian or the Triassic. Not a correction, just want to point that out.
*3:14, this is not Diphydontosaurus but the enigmatic "Vellberg sphenodontian". As a point of interest - it is the earliest feasible specimen of a rhynchocephalian known (Middle Triassic)! Diphydontosaurus is known from some sites in Europe, but it is primarily known from the UK, where the type specimens were described in the 1980s (one of my current supervisors named this genus as part of his PhD work). Diphydontosaurus = Late Triassic, Vellberg sphenodontian = Middle Triassic.
*6:07, competitive replacement is always highly debated and you will get people on both sides of the fence whatever group of animals you are talking about. But this is a hypothesis (for sphenodontians) that has never been agreed upon or proven, and might be out of date. The replacement of rhynchocephalians by lizards is still heavily debated. Another very likely competitor was early mammals. Many of the dental adaptations of rhynchocephalians had a lot of parallels with mammals. But just as a point in the video's favour, the earliest most lizard-like rhynchocephalians (not true sphenodontians) with the most "lizard-like teeth" do appear to have disappeared in the early Jurassic, just as the same time as the lizards were diversifying.
Love the videos, keep them coming!
Petition to rename Sphenodontians Lizards and lizards to Lizards 2.
Lizards 2: The Squamation
Lizards 2: reptilian boogaloo
I can´t stress enough how much I love PBS Eons, this was the first PBS channel I found here in Yt, and wow what a journey it's been. now I keep leasrning even when resting!!! I love you guys, I love everything you do and your mission. You arec doing incredible work!! I wish I only had money to support you, because I would :(
Could you please do an episode on comb jellies, leviathan melviliai, or dunkleosteus?
YESSSS we need one of those
they have already done an episode about armored fish like dunkleosteus
@@dschonsie I know, I mean dunkleosteus specifically.
@@epauletshark3793 I mostly just want an episode on Leviathan Melvilli
@@joshuavojvodic5083 I distinctly remember Leviatan coming up on this channel before.
Imagine, they're so diverse they even have the King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard. Astounding!
i love how one species remains, it would be such a shame if there was no lineage left of such a diverse tree
“Today’s years old”, nice pass! 😂👍 I need to remember that one.
Thank you Kallie, Blake and PBS Eons team, I love all the eps. so much has happened in our planet and I always want to know more.
Greetings from Costa Rica, a bridge for life in the Americas
The true definition of brain and brawn can be seen on this guy
There are a lot of animal look alikes of true animals in the Earth's history (lizards, birds, penguins, spiders)
chelicerates like spiders are arguably one of the oldest groups of animals so kinda hard to call them "look alikes"
That said since all bilaterians apparently started out as worm like creatures are all worms imposters or are all imposters(excluding ctenophores, cnidarians, sponges placozoa and non metazoans) worms?
Also, animals which look similar often fit similar niches, if an ancient example goes extinct its likely the new one will look similar. Just look at marsupials in Australia and rodents and monkeys outside of Australia.
Dude is such a dad and I love it
So this makes mosasaurus/tylosaurus the largest lizard to ever exist on earth, not megalania.
Technically yes.
More like arguably maybe.
I think meglania was the largest terrestrial lizard and not including prehistoric marine wildlife.
@@rishirajsaikia1323 correct that be.
Fun fact: legless lizards are not snakes,...serpents don’t have eyelids while most lizard do.
Oh didn't know that one
Legless lizards are not necessarily snakes, but snakes technically are a type of legless lizard.
Technically speaking, snakes are lizards. They're more closely related to monitor lizards than to geckos, for example.
A lizard with no leg
@@MrJadg-wp6il he ain't got no laigs!
I have had the pleasure of seeing Tuatara at ZEALANDIA (Nature Reserve), Wellington, New Zealand. I knew they were one of a kind but didn't realise they were That special.
They were thought to be extinct but were found in a few places in NZ.
This was their saving grace.
When you talk about a date in the past could you put up an image of what we think the earth looked like back then?
Dude. You are awesome. I like ALL of Eons videos, but my favorites are the ones you narrate and host.
Blake is looking even better in this episode.
"lizards have really played the long game" was somehow very inspiring to hear:) thank you
I found this channel a few weeks ago and have since watched every video. Super informative and still digestible. Just wanted to say thank you!
Sphenodontians are lizard-impostors
Tuatara looked kinda sus
Every new video has a subtle but wonderful music background!
That "today years old" thing always cracks me up xD
Jim Morrison lucked out, he would've been the Sphenodon King😁
Love your videos, thank you so much for all the amazing info!!
Great episode as always. Loved the lizards. Please don’t forget the evolutionary history of pinnipeds and tyrannosaurids
All these comments about Blake being buff are cool and all, but can we get a little appreciation for him being my favourite presenter on this channel. This man can make anything quality entertainment ánd quality education!
"Oh, I recognize that, that's a green iguana!"
"Wait, no, this is Eons; that can't be right."
"... HEY! YOU FAKED ME OUT!"
Always happy to see another Eons upload. :-)
I was so confused when he said they were mostly only found in padagonia, I eas jut thinking "but tuatara" on repeat
I am so incredibly thankful for this channel
What an insightful video that tied together bits I had learned and forgotten about mosasaurs and tuataras.. Great work!
Here I am, innocently making my coffee, trying to learn about ancient lizards, and my five year old suddenly becomes alarmed at how hard I'm laughing because Blake makes an Among Us reference.
Squamates: look at how diverse I am!
Insects: *noob*
Meanwhile, there are fewer than 7,000 species of mammals, and a quarter of them are bats.
I love this channel! Every episode is incredibly interesting! I just wish there were some quality closed captioning available. I’m hard of hearing and it would really help me keep track of everything, and I can’t be the only one, not to mention the deaf community. You all are awesome, thanks for everything you do!
I had heard about how unusual the Tuatara was but this puts it in a much clearer context! Neat!
Iguana appreciate Blake's attractiveness. 😊
It's always a pleasure to Monitor him.
I'll tell you why we survived: because we're awesome, that's why.
How did I _not_ immediately recognize that green iguana... Instead my brain was all "Oh hey, an unfamiliar animal that's extinct and probably a direct ancestor of mine!"
Context suggestion is a hell of a drug.
Excellent video! Learned a lot about those almost lizards and the actual lizards! Poor lonely tuatara!
"Lizard Imposters" Hm.
sus
Bashing your spacing before you become top comment
The next generation civilization CZcamsrs be like: When humans took over the world.
This video actually made me more interested in these Sphenodontia.
It's past 1am now, so they'll be my subject for tomorrow night's wikipedia rabbit hole!
Hello, I just wanna say this channel is amazing, thanks for all the amazing content, thanks Eon.
Aww what happened to Steve :"lll I hope he's ok
Only introducing "new patreon supporters". I guess the list is pretty long now
Blake looks like a completely different person with that haircut, in a great way. Smokin'.
this is my favorite youtube channel
The tuatara!!! So cool, and they live a loooooong time!
"When lizards took over the world"
Also dinosaurs:
Edit: Before anybody else replies, I am fully aware that dinosaurs are more closely related to birds. It was a joke.
That's birds you fool
Dinosaurs are related to birds and crocodiles, not lizards.
From birds, dumb
@@cintronproductions9430 Well they are related but not closely...
@masteryoda120988 birds are dinosaurs, so they’re not just “related”
Among Us reference in 1 minute is hilarious
The word imposter didn’t come from Among Us
Love y'all Eons crew!
I am a fan of pbs eons. It serves so much good quality content. No offense, but i dont know why while i watching pbs eons in bed, i will suddenly sleep in just few minutes. So when i am insomnia, i will watch pbs eons on youtube 😂
The tuatara, the final legacy of a once great order.
It must be so lonely, in a cosmic sense at least.
Shhh...no one tell them.
They got little peabrains so i don't think they can appreciate that kind of loneliness
1:00 to 1:05 those among us references, Lol, who is the gamer in the writers room?
It honestly might just be a coincidence, it seemed like a nornal sentence
You know what they say, if it walks like a lizard, lives like a lizard, and looks like a lizard... it's NOT a lizard.
I would love to see a documentary about prehistory that features prehistoric sphenodontians. I know that walking with dinosaurs also showed a sphenodontians, but that was a real life shot of a tuatara. Would be cool if these documentary’s would show more variation of these group.
Mmmm delicious lizard
Your not eating it.
Lizards are friends, not food! 🦎
Agreed.
*IS this an AMOGUS reference*
i am at my limit. i am going to snap. everywhere i go i see amogus. not even pbs eons is safe
Hey @PBSEons. I'm a huge fan! I just wanna let ye know that the term "British Isles" is seen by many people in Ireland as a highly politically charged term, rather than the geographic term ye no doubt used it as. Historically it was used as part of a justification of British rule in Ireland.
I say this not as an attack, but as an attempt to inform as it can alienate or put the backs up of many Irish people.
As always, love the work ye do!
Man i need these videos daily. I love learning this stuff
1:04 so lizards are sus
Those lizard like Sphenodontians and Synapsids are sus.
sphenodontians are not synapsids
@@ecurewitz xD my bad, forgot to separate it but some spynapsids had some reptilian look xD
Also it was a joke :/
Shout out from Jamaica 🇯🇲, i love this channels 👌
i did not just hear an among us meme in a pbs video. i’m not safe anywhere
But I'm never never going back there
And I couldn't if I tried
Cause I come from the land of Lizards
And the Lizards they have died
"lizard impostors that went around filling a lot of niches that modern lizards occupy today. Which just seems... suspicious"
_GET OUT OF MY HEAD GET OUT OF MY HEAD GET OUT OF MY HEAD GET OU_
The joke at the end didn't strike me as funny in and of itself, but the way he told it cracked me up. Now that's comic talent! Kudos to Blake, and to whoever did the editing in post.
Lizards are just great and showing a documentary just about their adaptations, diversity, history, body size ranges (including miniaturization) would take for hours - but I would definitely watch that :)