How Ankylosaurs Got Their Clubs
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- čas přidán 12. 10. 2020
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While clubs are practically synonymous with ankylosaurs, we’ve only started to get to the bottom of how they worked and how this unusual anatomy developed in the first place.
Thanks to Victoria Arbour for providing a number of images for this episode! pseudoplocephalus.com/
And thanks to Ceri Thomas (nixillustration.com) and Fabrizio de Rossi ( / artoffabricious ) for allowing us to use their wonderful paleoart in this episode.
Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: / pbsdigitalstudios
Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:
Matt D, Yu Mei, Colleen Troussel, Dan Ritter, Drew Hart, faxo, Gary Walker, Stephanie Tan, Minyuan Li, Ben Cooper, Leonid, Robert Noah, Matt Parker, Heathe Kyle, Yeakley, Jerrit Erickson, Jack Arbuckle, David Sewall, Anton Bryl, MissyElliottSmith, Zachary Spencer, Stefan Weber, Andrey, Ilya Murashov, Larry Wilson, Merri, Snaidman, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, Anthony Callaghan, Laura Sanborn, PS, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Eric Vonk, Henrik Peteri, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson, Chandler Bass, Joao, Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Robert Hill
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References: docs.google.com/document/d/1C... - Věda a technologie
"eight year old me wants to throw a saddle on one and rid it into battle"
This phenomenon has been well documented at all ages not just eight
Senior citizen me had that thought before he even mentioned it. It would be so cool!
Agreed. I appreciate when a scientist doesn't lose sight of one of the most salient characteristics of the subject that they're studying being that: it's friggin sweet.
@@helenel4126 Forgive me but I can't help but imagine an 80 year old with a cane atop an Ankylosaurus yelling "Charge!"
Go watch the old cartoon series 'Dinoriders', and imagine being there.
It may not be the same thing but when he said that I thought Oh someone else who plays Ark Survival Evolved. You can tame Anky and saddle them and virtually ride them. wonderful gatherers of metal nodes :)
Ankylosaur: "Lets go clubbing!"
Gobisaur: "I can't."
Don't worry, you can handle it ;)
Dont worry gobi for every mace that has shattered a skull so has a basball bat
Well played
Gobisaur in my language means cauliflowersaur.
He came to us in the “Birds with Teeth” Episode and stopped donating before the Ankylosaur Episode.
Steve, you are a legend for giving to Eons for so long. Even if you stopped donating they should read your name at the end of every episode.
Nobody knows why you left or where you’ve gone but you’ll always be mah boy
With my girlfriend we always used to shout STEEEEEVE together when his name appeared at the screen, we were shook to can't do it for the first time :(
We will miss you Steve
He's gone to a better place.
Did he really die? 😢
I know! I especially liked in some episodes in which they referred to him as “mah boy, Steve!” It won’t be the same without that and I hope he’s alright.
Eh, Steve
@@franzi5119 Kinda of late : No one knows. Hopefully not
I think it’s fascinating how the Glyptodonts evolved a very similar body plan even though they were mammals
It was a good body plan.
Convergent evolution.
Evolution: That seems like a good spot for a weapon. >:)
Edwyn Brown asides from the very few sauropods mentioned, all animals that had clubs had armor, probably because if you have armor, you can't move very fast, so a ramming attack with horns isn't very effective. The sauropods' armor was being really big, also slowing them down.
Kinda like how dolphins adopted a very similar body shape to ichthyosaurs, other than the horizontal tail, because well they're mammals and thats how mammal spines function.
Ankylosaur tail clubs had to be some of the most devastating, non-toxic, defensive weapons to ever evolve, and I say that as a Stegosaurus fanboy. A puncture wound from a spike, horn, or tusk could be "easier" to recover from depending on whether it gets infected, where it hits, the size of the animals, etc. A tail club could shatter bone or rupture organs, so that's more likely to cause potentially fatal or permanently crippling injuries if it hits anywhere ahead of the tail.
Even if it lands on the tail it is brutal, a shattered tail means that the theropod loses it's balance on top of the injury to the bone and the potential shrapnel in the flesh, meaning that even hitting the tail could be extremely detrimental to a predator
The Stegosaurus' tail club was named the "Thagomizer" in honor of a cartoon by Gary Larson called "The Far Side."
Source: www.amusingplanet.com/2020/07/thagomizer-why-stegosaurus-spiky-tail.html
Imagine the massive internal bleeding
A spike is precise and centralized.
A club is indiscriminate and and wide-spread.
*You could lose an organ to a spike.*
*_You could lose your chest cavity to a club._*
Internal bleeding isn't so bad since all the blood stays inside.
"Even a stiffened tail alone, could still have delivered a painful blow". I had an Iguana for 18 years and If an adult Iguana get you with its tail, it hurts and will leave a decent wilt and can even break the skin. Even when they are hatchlings it feels like someone snapping your skin with a rubber band.
Everyone is asking "Where's steve?"
But nobody is asking "How's steve?"
Or the obvious "Who is Steve".
I'll do you one better: Why is Steve?
@@adrianortega1431 But when is Steve?
even better, what is Steve?
....is Steve?
I will miss hearing "Steve" at the end of each video. I hope he is doing alright in these crazy times. (As always, a wonderful and informative video.)
same. what’s going on with Steve???
@@jessicaminnen7757 He's in Smash bros now, too busy for Eons
I CARE FOR HIM =(
I hope Steve is okay.
I'm invested in knowing about Steve ;_;
Humans in world war 1: look we made a tank
Dinosaurs: we did that 100 million years ago.
What about Hussite war wagons?
@@mrshootinputin7251 It is unconfirmed if smaller dinosaurs rode the ankylosaurs, firing projectiles as they went, but this is why we do research.
@@attemptedunkindness3632 anythings possible
"Hold my cycads."
copycat
Man, I actually came back from a later video to look for when Steve disappeared, I was flabbergasted... Guys, let the community know what happened, please.
I’m glad so many people in the comments are also concerned about Steve. I hope he’s okay.
Aw man, I'm going to miss the excited "And STEVE" at the end of the videos! Best wishes to whoever Steve is/was, they've played a huge part in enabling all of your subscribers to learn about the history of the natural world through their patronage!
Yeah, I'm going to miss it as well. What happened to him? Does anyone know?
@@nolanwhite1971 I'm hoping he's moved on to be a patron of another channel, but I don't know.
I'm going to mentally "And STEVE" the end of every video regardless. Who's with me?
With how the world is now? It's probably that they just canceled their patreon pledge. That's 150$ a month for that shoutout after all.
Only someone who -has- had a job maintains that for years.
Don't forget the exclamation sign at the end of his name. Quite sure it is part of his tag, and also the reason he was always the last one mentioned.
Yo, I hope "and Steve" is okay
My boi And
What happened to And Steve? :(
Same
Steve should be fine he is a trooper after all
I know Steve has been a staple
Here to raise a glass to Steve; I hope he is well in body and mind, and prosperous in all his future endeavors ❤️
"...and Steve!" is as important to Eons as green screens! Thank you Steve!
We're not gonna hear "...and Steve." at the end anymore? :( Hope he's ok
I had the same thought. Man, Steve was the man. He was our personal in-joke/mascot. Gonna miss him.
John Davison Ng has some big shoes to fill
I wonder if any of the community can help find out n see if he's okay
@@scaper8 hey! I'm new to the Chanel, can someone explain who Steve was? Haha
Thank you:)
@@franciscohuber5264 Just one of the first patrons. He became something of a "thing" because his name, being last in the list that they say on air, would get a bit of flourish. Eventually we got things like, "and my man, Steve," or "and everyone's favorite _Homo sapien,_ Steve."
I feel like every time a dinosaur or any other prehistoric organism has something weird sticking out of it, scientists are like “Ah, must be for sex”.
To be fair, that's often the case in living animals. So it's a pretty logical hypothesis.
T-Rex's disproportionately small foreclaws were only used for sexy time, according to scientists.
It's not like other disciplines don't do pretty much the same thing. In archaeology, things that they have clear idea of what purpose it served is often said to be used for ceremonial purposes.
Shows where the scientists' heads are at.
Well the ability to pass on traits is dependent on having sex
This video is awesome for two reasons:
1) Ankylosaurus has been my favorite dinosaur since I was like 4
2) I've never seen a land acknowledgement on a video like this, and to be amongst the peoples included in it is heartening
Mine too I had a Ankylosaurus stuffed pillow and a Ankylosaurus remote control toy that moved and a stuffed Ankylosaurus animal 😃
At the same time, there are indigenous people all over Europe, and they never get a mention about their land that was usurped by some government or other. Saami. Euskari. Bretons. Votians. Krymchaks. Mari. Circassians. Many others.
Many thanks to Steve for supporting the show in high level for so long. He's helped this incredible informative and amusing outlet stay on for quite some time, your name won't be forgotten soon
Considering it's biggest threat was a bipedal Carnosaur the evolution of a knee level club makes sense.
Those are some nice long legs you have there... it'd be a shame if... something happened to them.
T-Rex's needed to learn the Crane Kick.
Ankylosaurs were capping foos before it was cool.
I used to be a predator like you, until i got a club to the knee
@@daniel-zh9nj6yn6y They can't do it: their arms are too short.
You will be missed Steve
Who is Steve
So long, Steve.
You were not the hero we needed, but the one we deserved.
It won't be the same without hearing Steve at the end of each video. But these are tough times hope he's doing well
WHAT HAPPENED TO STEVE.
10 year old me with my toys
"Let me put two cannons beside my Ankylosaurus"
And that, kids, is how Blastoise was made.
For some reason, Cassius Marcellus Clay riding a dinosaur came to my mind first
I think they did that in the Dino Riders show. Ah, memories.
Lego. That was what I was building. Lego stock cars to ram-crash staright in to my friend's lego stock car to see which was the stronger build. Or a kind of ballista that would shoot A-batteries into my kid brother's lego castle and scatter it everywhere.
Only one model of a Tyrannosaurus which I assembled, painted and then blew up with a firecracker.
DinoRiders 4 Life!
Steve, wherever you are, thank you for everything you've done to support SciShow for so long! Whatever your reason for the change, I wish you happiness, joy, and that you never stop learning!
Everyone needs to pour out some of their forty and say a prayer for Steve.. Sending you good vibes
I will miss the "and Steve"
Me too. 😢
We'll all miss Steve.
What happened to Steve?
Hope Steve is ok.
@@good7bad138 ended patronship
This is probably one of the most interesting facts that I know now
Thank you for including information about the indigenous peoples who currently live where these creatures used to roam! It’s a small thing, but a meaningful step forward. Love the video, the channel, and PBS Virtual Studios in general!!! ❤️
Very cool acknowledgment of indigenous lands at the end. Makes me love Eons even more!!
As a Native American, watching your videos has always been such a fun pastime. And seeing your message towards the end of the video just absolutely made my day, from the Kichwa-Kañari Paltas tribe, thank you ❤️
Ooh nice
Any clue who your tribe kicked out to take those lands, or do you think the patchwork of tribal lands has remained peacefully static since the Pleistocene?
@@chir0pter so sad PBS never acknowledges the Roman Empire, or, better yet, the Alamanni tribe, when presenting fossils excavated from the Messel Pit.
Same as a tribal citizen from the Pokagon band of potawatomi
@@chir0pter European history is a blood bath. Europe is SOAKED in mostly innocent blood. Just as a tiny, little bitty SLIVER of an example, how many Irish do you think the English murdered while taking over their homeland? How many ethnic groups were wiped out, driven into extinction by various groups that they, themselves, no longer exist? Oh, and it was not well enough to keep it there, they had to come here to do the same to the Natives so that you could ask the stupid, asinine question you just posed. It wasn't even a question, you were just saying that you hate Native Americans and that you are oh so superior, you stupid, ignorant, ungrateful excuse for a human being. Have a nice day!
Steve :( I’ll miss him ever so dearly, I always fall asleep to this videos and I would always say Steve along with them :(
I wish him all the best for the future
Whos steve? And whats his role on this channel
he was one of their top donors on patreon for a very long time, so when they listed them at the end of the video they’d always finish with saying “[...] and steve!”
Loving the end Card about indigenous people’s lands. You rock Eons!
“the chonkiest of these bois were not messing around”
Dude, what happened to Steve? He’s been a mainstay of SciShow and Eons for so long. Is he okay?
Is that the guy who narrates “Journey to the Microcosmos” now?
@@Roboprogs No, that's Hank Green
Yeah I'm worried, is he just not supporting them anymore or did something happen?
Steve is the OG! I hope he's okay!
@@lynniewood It's possible that he just can't support the show anymore for whatever reason. I hope that's all it is.
Hears names of eontologists.
Steve is not on that list.
'we will miss you steve.'
....DAMNED YOU 2020!
In all seriousness though. We lost Steve?
I was wondering the same...
I sincerely hope he’s okay. 😓
@PBS Eons how can you drop such a message without clarifying 😱
this comment ^
This episode was kind of like the red wedding from Game of Thrones, where for the whole duration it’s business as usual and at the very end there’s carnage. Why Steve? He was my favorite character!
Thank you again for including the part about the Indigenous people whose land these were found on. It's much appreciated.
You're a real one Steve
Hi! I wanted to make this suggestion again Incase it was never seen. I would love an episode on Horseshoe Crabs one day! They're one of my favorite creatures
+ !
Im pretty sure they have that documentary
He’s finally wearing a shirt with sleeves wide enough for his arms. 💪
This one had the very last Steve shoutout. Well done Steve. Thanks for making the world a little better!
I think it's actually really cool that they have been acknowledging the native american tribes who's land was the site of these discoveries
Site
Not just native Americans, but natives from all over the globe
Yea
@@Allopexx Except for indigenous Europeans.
Except those lands often belonged to other previous tribes who in turn had that land taken from them. It's pretty silly.
Eons: Ankylosaurus are literally tanks.
Gajin: Primal Thunder!
My man Steve finally gets some widespread recognition
Edit: Oh my god, no, this is so sad. i will miss hearing the Steve at the end of each video. I hope he is alright, wherever he is
Steve my boy!!!!!!! Good Job man! Thank you!
This is so sad,it was always so cool to see Steve at the end of the videos.
Best wishes to Steve.
“The chonkiest of these bois” that made my day.
Sorry to hear about Steve! And also, I LOVE YOUR CHANNEL!!🙂🙂🙂🙂
Thank you for recognising the relationship of First Nations peoples with the land on which you work. I hope it continues. Such recognition is common in my new home of Australia.
Anky has always been my favorite. Thank you for this, it has warmed my heart.
Mine too. I just commented above how it makes me really sad how the herbivores are always depicted as such calm creatures just foraging for plants to eat and then you have the carnivores hunting and massacring them constantly.. but that's nature I suppose..
Love that Blake got to just have fun with an episode about his favourite dinosaur
What I'm taking from this is that they probably didn't wag their tails when they were happy
Unless they were sadists...
@@TragoudistrosMPH Oh god, the destruction
@@whyamihereagain84
Imagine a puppy wag after being gone all day.
Deforestation.
Is Steve ok?
I hope you're well, Steve. Take care of you!
I am also very happy with episode; I like learning more details.
... I've been saying "ankle-o-saur" for 40 years.
Well considering where they would have aimed with their clubs thats pretty reasonable
same here
Dinosaur books really should have a guide on how to pronounce the names correctly
So the Ankylosaurs used to swing their knobs at other dinosaurs.
Must... Resist... Kenneth... Williams... Impersonation!
Ahhh Kenneth Williams, one of the best comics of the Jurassic. Carry on Colepiocephale was my favourite
“Hello! I’m Julian and this my friend Sandy. Welcome to our fossil shop, Bona Parts.”
Prehistoric Turtle: who you?
Dyoplosaurus: you,but STONKER.
It puts a big smile on my face, seeing somebody talk so much about how much they love Ankylosaurids as much as I do. Such a beautiful video. :)
RIP 'And "My Boi" Steve'
Wait what happened to Steve?!?
I love that one pic that makes the ankylo look like a happy puppy with a very deadly tail lol
I love PBS Eons so much it almost makes me emotional. It feels like such a labor of love. Thank you, crew, for bringing me such joy.
The beacons are lit! Gondor calls for aid!
*jumps on Ankylosaurus*
I'm so excited for any new PBS Eons video that I click like before it's even finished.
THANKS STEVE. I hope you are ok. :)
I will miss our favorite hominin STEVE. Whoever you are, I wish you all the best things life could offer. Thank you for enabling eons team to educate and entertain us all this time.
Looking back, I'm fairly sure my knob and handle evolved together, although I didn't clue in that the handle part was actually a handle until I was eleven.
Okay kinda sad Steve left, I wish him the best.
I didnt know he left...
Who the hell is steve??
Miss Steve? Where's he going?
This episode was actually amazing, really interesting and you educated well in how to draw logical conclusions and understand evolutionary connections. I also loved how you explained new concepts or words that the audience might not understand, so that everyone can follow along and learn about these fantastic animals!
Ankylosaurus is my favorite dinosaur for the same reasons. It's a tank with a blungeoning weapon for a tail, that is just so cool.
Shout to the og Gary Larson and his comic strip the far side for naming the spikes on these clubs "Thagomizer"
Thanks for pointing that out... I was going to say it :)
actually that was on Stegosaurus!
Poor old Thag Simmons
@@eons are they not considered analogous?
@@Infernoraptor nope, ankylosaurs do not have spikes on the end of their clubs, they are as described, clubs, not spiked clubs
I LOVE how they acknowledge the fact that many paleontological finds have been made on indigenous lands.
Can I just say I love the music that is selected for these videos every single time. In these normaltrash times it does a heart good to hear beautiful music while learning about life on this planet. Thank you to the person responsible.
God knows I’ve watched every single one of your episodes but this was by far my favorite. So many memories as a child of complete fascination with this dinosaur. I try to avoid nostalgia but this brought a tear or 5 to my eye. The future isn’t what I imagined (it’s been a bumpy ride!) but I’m so damn glad I’m here. Thank you endlessly for teaching me about life 💕
anyone else catch that we're bascially watching that liaoningosauros drown in its illustration?
no, it is theorized to have been partly aquatic hence why it is in the water. Ben G Thomas made an excellent video on it you should check it out
oh that's good; much less morbid, much more wholesome
THIS is an episode topic. 12 year old me is so happy right now.
Thank you all for this great video!
Totally love your show. Millions of years in the making
what happened to steve?
"...and 8-year-old me just wants to throw a saddle on one and ride it into battle."
*Ark: Survival Evolved wants to know your location*
Blake would like ARK
I love playing Ark! It's fun to explore and tame the dinos and mammals 😊
@@Jake-fq6ir the game is great, the jungle noises at night are very climatic but it's really glitchy
7:35 This little message at the end sets this channel appart from others...
Well, that, and it's amazing quality in everything they do!
the Ankylosaurs is by far my favourite, im literally obsessed with how cool they aare like????? aawesome dino
Oh no, what happened to Steve?
Wait what happened to Steve
YES! My favorite history channel discussing my favorite type of dinosaur ! My day is made !
Thanks for everything, Steve!
My guess is that they got their clubs because of shared interests and hobbies. But IDK, I haven't watched it yet.
I have Ankylosing Spondilitis, I find myself sympathizing with these beautiful dinosaurs :)
You're my favorite host, Blake! I always look forward to an Eons episode. 🤗
Have a good day!
OMG I love this channel and you all so much! Thank you!!
So we just talked about tail clubs... does that mean we'll talk about tail whips on sauropods next?
Pretty sure we covered thagomizers last year 😁
Miss Steve? What happened to him?
Completed the survey. Thanks! Keep up the excellent work guys, I never miss an episode of Eons.
I’m so glad this was made.
I keep on wondering; who’s Steve and why will they miss him? Is he leaving? I guess I’ll miss him too! Can’t we keep him somehow?
He was the first or second Patreon supporter of the channel. All shoutout ended with "And Steve!" So sad to see hil gone