Benzene + H2SO4 = ??? (Sulfonation)

H2SO4, if it is "fuming", can yield some SO3.
SO3 is enough of an electrophile for benzene to react with it.
One of the double bonds breaks open to attack the sulfur atom; this forms a carbon-sulfur covalent bond. The hydrogen attached to that carbon can relocate to the SO3- group, and in the process the double bond re-forms.
This produces sulfonylbenzene, C6H5SO3H.
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[@MichaelFait-kc9st]

This is the complicated way of this machinism sir

[@assassincreed670]

Thank you I finally get how they get the reagent

[@ammal0]

شكراً جزيلاً ♥️

[@haniaanwar7303]

oofffffffffffff finally got it ,thankyou sir