What quenching and tempering does to SWORDS
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- čas přidán 28. 12. 2017
- The process of dousing a red hot sword blade after it's been forged, called quenching, and then the later tempering phase is one of the most crucial parts of making a sword, but why?
Well in this video I'll explain in great detail.
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As a professional bladesmith, I'd like to say THANK YOU!!!!! for doing some solid research and presenting factual information on this topic. I can't tell you how much people misunderstand most of this so I greatly appreciate you using your very popular channel to dispel a lot of wrong headed thinking when it comes to sword.
I wonder if you picked up on anything wrong? Some statements don't sound right to me. It sounded like shad was saying that heating a sword up past magnetic "can" forge weld micro fractures back together. That does not sound right as you would need to heat it up to a welding heat then maybe put a little force into it. I don't know if a welding heat alone would work depending on the type of steel. Tho a welding heat is hotter than nonmagnetic so it could be considered correct but misleading. Also it kind of sounds like Shad thinks that a sword is forges at a temperature below the nonmagnetic. I was taught that carbon steels should be worked at a bright orange or yellow heat to prevent micro fractures. And if shad ever comes up to Queensland I would love to help him forge something.
In order to achieve Austenite you need to heat up steel slightly (about 30 kelvins) above 727 celsius (regular steel) and keep it that way for some time. Look up Iron-cementite curve for more details, as the temperature at which austenite appears may be different at different amounts of carbon (also other additions may change the desired temperature).
As for shaping, as long as you are going to normalise it, the temperature doesn't matter that much as long as the blade doesn't fracture. You wouldn't want it, however, to be too high (much above previously mentioned line) as the grains (??? don't know the correct translation - those microstructures in metals) may overgrow, which is going to reduce the quality significantly.
And, if i may ask - can be blades made of stainless steel? It seems as a good idea, as rust is quite the problem (i mean, modern blades, i really doubt they could make it back in the medieval times in reasonable amounts due to needed additions)
The way I was taught was to work it allot hotter and it makes a massive difference to the speed at which you can move metal. Working it too cold could make a days work take a week or more. Also working carbon steels at a lower temp e.g. lower than orange can cause micro fractures that might not be seen with the naked eye. Then after forging you heat cycle it to reduce the grain size back down. So I think working it just over nonmagnetic would give you a sword that takes month to make instead of days and would likely snap or crack in hardening or the first time you hit something.
Don't suppose you could enchant my sword? Dull old blade could barely cut butter.
I apprenticed as a blacksmith, and worked with all kinds of iron, steel, and bronze. It's amazing, fun, and pretty good learning to work with.
Shadiversity: Helping me to study Steel constructions and entertaining me with swords at the same time
Because swords, are awsome
Because swords, are awsome
I wish I had seen this back when I was a trainee
Shad, as a Mechanical Engineering student, who had to pass a pretty heavy Materials exam where this subject was pretty much 1/3rd of a 900 pages book... I must applaud you. It would be easier to explain with a Fe-C phase diagram (Alpha Iron, Beta Iron, Alpha Carbon, what happens if a dash of Chrome or Cobalt is put in...), but this is really an outstanding work, expecially with the real-world applications in sword-making.
I'm honored mate, so great to hear ^_^
You're welcome! ^_^
Greetings from Gaeta, "The City of 13 Sieges / The Unsiegeable" in Italy :)
(I wonder if an episode would pop up on that: 13 sieges suffered and all of them won in over 2000 years: not too shabby eh? :D)
I can only think of how _insanely_ interesting this is compared to the typical Hollywood depiction of making swords, which usually involved pouring molten metal into some stone mold (yeah, good luck with that).
Imagine a scene between a master and apprentice, but done with historical accuracy in mind. We see the forging of a sword from beginning to end, with the master explaining everything in fine detail. He may not understand the mechanics or physics behind what's happening, but he still knows the process.
I've seen smiths pour a billet of steel into a mold, but they then work the steel into it's proper shape. I think someone from hollywierd didn't really do their research so now they perpetuate a myth because they don't want to take the time to do it right.
That would be a LONG damn movie.
+AngryOwl
Well, show it in montage form. You get the idea.
StrunDoNhor you said “the entire process.” A montage isn’t the entire process, and wouldn’t be much better than what we get now.
Heat, beat, heat, beat, sharpen, shine.
Whatever you say, mate. For what it's worth, basing an entire movie around two people forging a sword _can_ also be made very interesting. Lots of room for character-driven story.
And languages caused a lot of headaches for Spanish speakers having access to English sources because lots of people confuses tempering with templado.
Quenching = Templado
Tempering = Revenido
Matías Tonazzi Gracias amigo
True, it's similar in Italian:
quenching = tempra/tempera
tempering = rinvenimento
OH MY GOD GRACIAS HERMANO
In German there are the soft words: "Abschrecken" and "Durchhärten" for that ....
Thank you Shad, you have *quenched* my thirst for a sword video!
But have you _tempered_ your thirst!??!
And more importantly, what about *Dragons!?*
KingBobXIV I KNOW RIGHT WHAT ABOUT THEM???
I could listen to you talk about swords for ages. The amount of enthusiasm you show for swords and castles and stuff is wonderful. If I ever see you, I'll buy you a pint.
This is the reason why I subscribed to him and Lindybeige, it a pleasant experience to learn about something from a person passionate about it.
Good sentiment. However, he doesn't drink.
Brought back all of the stuff I learned in my material science class as part of my mechanical engineering curiculum, I probably would have paid closer attention if they would have applied to to swords.
Ha ha, same here! Profs need to learn about *Swords!*
...But what about dragons?
@@TheAsvarduilProject that would be a topic for biology professor.
Maaaan ... one of the best videos I've seen.
I mean ... I'm a physicist and I've seen my fair share of lectures about atomic crystalline structures, but I never really looked into this ... and I've always wanted to ...
For me as a sword enthusiast it was great, but the pure pleasure I just recieved as a sword enthusiast AND someone who understands the physical contexts ... woooow
Swords are even more beautiful now.
Keep it up with this kind of great stuff!
Cheers!
Look up cryogenic hardening.
Sounds interesting
Most teachers don't know how to teach critical thinking. In my years of going to school.
I realize it's quite randomly asking but does anyone know of a good website to stream new movies online ?
Very nicely and clearly explained. Great work...
Just one tiny correction. If you get to the blue during tempering on a blade, you already went too far and made it too soft. Blue is only desirable for springs. For blades (even longer ones), a traditional blacksmith looked for straw or light brown over the fire. A modern one sets the oven at 400-500ºF for 2 hours...
This was a fantastically well constructed video shad. What truly blows my mind is that people in medieval times may not have understood what was happening at an atomic level but they knew enough to develop incredibly advanced weaponry techniques
NotsoNutso Gaming a
Accident, lots of invention comes from accident. Although there is a trend of organism develop most effective way to utilized certain resource.
Sure it may have come from an accident initially. What I was more trying to get at is that certain precise temperatures (re: tempered steel) and methods during the construction process have such a large impact on the finished blade (particularly how it performed over time). Hence they must have constructed so many inferior weapons before finding certain techniques that lead to better performance. It is that sheer number of weapons that amazes me
They did the same thing with medicine for millenia
The glory of trial and error! It took centuries for humans to perfect these techniques. The fact that craftspeople were able to do their jobs with the quality they did is amazing!
Interesting; the cooling of carbon steel and freezing salt water are rather similar on a molecular level.
Fundamentally both about the arrangement of impurities during the formation of a crystalline lattice and the effect the that the rate of cooling has on the structure: love your videos on chemistry btw.
This is mostly old basic stuff, for me ...except that, for once, I hear terms like pearlite and martensite, and have them _clearly and simply explained._ Now I know what those things are, and how/why they form! Thanks for that :)
As someone that does metallurgy testing, I will say that was well done. Most people don't go into the detail that you did in tempering and quenching. Bravo sir.
I've seen less detailed blacksmithing tutorials, I've even see blacksmithing tutorials that don't even mention the normalization process which no doubt has lead to a few broken blades. Always made me a bit mad they didn't tell people about it while saying they were teaching them how to make a blade, that's misinformation right there.
Shout out to 'Man at Arms' and the boss that is Ilya
"If you're beating it when it's cool" ~ Shad, 2017
Nicholas Morgan Check yourself before you Quench yourself.
All this talk about hardness is making me hard ;)
General Jimmies To much information thank you very much.
this is the best explanation of quenching i have ever seen.
Agreed! This is the first video I've seen that offers a thorough and comprehensive explanation of these terms. Awesome job as always Shad!
I have Mech Eng deg, been a weld inspector, and a non destructive inspector for 20 years. Spot on and well done.
Nailed the all the aspects of the material science right on the head. Quite impressive. Only thing I didn't see was the isothermal diagram for iron carbide (i.e. steel), which shows the microstructures produced by the combinations of heat and time (the inclusion of which would be debatable, but maybe worth mentioning for people to further investigate), and a specific mention of the names of the two different pearlites (Fine & Coarse).
A quick correction: ductility is a measure of how much a material will deform until breaking when subjected to tensile stress (pulling away on both sides). Malleability is the same for compressive stress (pushing in from both sides). The flexibility of a material is better described with the word "elasticity", the tendency of a material to return to its original shape once deformed (or "plasticity", the tendency of a material to remain deformed rather than return to its original shape). In other words: the traditional katana trends more plastic, spring steel trends more elastic.
Great video, regardless.
so we can say a katana is made of plastic Jaja
The best way to combine my two favourite classes: History and science. You're great.
It's fun to point out that iron is the only element capable of shifting phases from BCC to FCC, and back to normal. It's dependent entirely on the heat applied and for how long.
Not sure if only iron can go from BCC to FCC but there are a lot of elements that can exist in different crystal lattice states. They are known as allotropes. They change depending on things like pressure, light, and heat. Carbon for example can exist in a diamond state, graphene state or even as a nanotube to name a few. Just google allotropy. Its cool that shad talks about this stuff. Good work.
Allotropic transformation occurs in iron depending on the amount of carbon, heat, and what type of cooling process is done. Allotropic transformation essentially IS phase shifting. While it is true many elements can transform dependent on factors such as pressure, heat, ect. none (or very few) can revert 100% back to their original form like Iron can. I may be slightly off in some areas, but I'm taking the same metallurgy class again as a refresher, I'll update if I'm wrong or learn more details.
Such a complicated process to be explained in a clear and illustrative manner...nobody does it better than Shad.
Not really that complex but okay......
I must applaud you in your research, I'm a professional blacksmith myself and wanted to inform you on a few thing's I've discovered.
I have to say you don't temper swords to a "Blue" oxidation level on the edge because it looses too much hardness and rigidity. I generally temper my swords to a dark straw or red color.
I'd like to bring up, I generally harden my swords with a slightly (when I say slightly I mean by color difference of one, so generally cherry red to low orange glowing heat) differing color from tang to tip. I have the tip a slight bit harder but a slight bit more tempered (So I'd temper the closest part of the blade a straw because it's not as hard, but temper the tip a dark straw or even red oxidation level) meaning it's still harder on the tip, but it's also a little bit more springy.
For clarification you DO temper the spine a blue or purple color (depending on steel, hardness, sword, etc.)
On a second note you don't always loose your hardness if you heat it up over and over and quench it over and over. I did a test on this and it showed a smaller grain size meaning sharper edge, and a stronger structure as it took about 300lbs of force to break it compared to the once quench 50lbs of force. (same piece of metal and the thickness was extremely thin, don't remember the measurements) Or rather, in short, if you quench a piece of high carbon steel over and over again it generally holds and edge better (and longer) than a single quench. Though it's extremely dangerous as you can introduce stress fractures into it.
Again I must say excellent work on your research and that is all.
Hmmmmm... he’s talking about swords
BUT WHAT ABOUT DRAGONS
Swords aren't good against dragons, enough?
Nick Dzink Ah but do you know what is? MACHICULATIONSSSS!!!!
But dragon's ABOVE the walls not under them!
BUT WHAT ABOUT SPRING DRAGONS?!
Quenching dragons isn't easy, the hardest part is motivating them to get into the water fast enough, they are worse than cats when it comes to water.
It's bring back good old memories of Katana series... Best ever
Still one of my best ^_^
I love how you always grab your glasses. its very... teachery
Maybe someday I'll upgrade to a scholar's cradle ^_^
That would be very cool. But if you would chew on a pipe once in a while in your videos that would make it even better on top of the scholar's cradle XD
Oh and i finally want a Video on "5 ways to tie your shoe laces with your teeth" ^^
oh btw greetings from Germany. You gotta say the internet is a magnificent thing.
@@aranox it'll never happen since he is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints which forbids any form of tobacco and even if it had no tobacco he wouldn't want to create the appearance of breaking that rule.
As a technical designer I knew most of the things you said but there were still some things I didn't know or forgot over time. Good video as always xD
The heating up and cooling down of metals, and the effects it has on them is fascinating. Ferrous metals, such as iron (steel), and nickel when heated and quenched as said in the video, are hardened, but do the same thing to copper, silver or gold, which are all non-ferrous metals and they’ll soften. I make videos of myself hand forging jewellery, and annealing is something I have to do to keep the metal pliable. So I heat and quench the silver and it stays soft.
Informations was not new for me (coz metallurgy was part of my education) but it is quite rare to see it in such interresting and informative video, really good and precise work from you, Shad.
Shad - I love the way you can explain insanely complex concepts in a clear and concise way.
Bob Wright Steel these days has more then just Carbon added. Like Chrome, Nickel or Vanadium to name a few.
cpt nordbart WTF
Well done, Shad! That was basically half a year of material science in 20 minutes, much more entertaining and very accurate. If you add 5 minutes of math and 2 about common alloy types you can teach a mechanical engineer 99% of what he needs to know about steel in 27 minutes. Awesome! =D
The process of normalizing is called thermo-cycling. This was the best explanation of iron/steel quenching and tempering I've ever seen.
I did know a lot of this, but I definetly learned a lot more today. Thanks Shad for combining education with entertainment in such a great way!
exactly the stuff we learn in our first year as students of materials science.
great video, gonna share it with my fellow students.
I have been thirsting for this video!
Very good, Shad. Other than mixing the words iron and steel a time or two, this is very accurate. I study mechanical engineering and even I got something out of this(mostly the english words for a few of these things). I ought to show this to my first year teachers, maybe they can use it as teaching material.
This is fantastic! I really enjoy going more in depth to the process involved in the process of making things. Processeption.
Great video Shad. Amazing how many different topics you branched off into for an 18 minute video this time. We start with the 2 fundamental topics of your channel, history and HEMA, then add in metallurgy, physics, and geology, and you've got this video. Great job Shad. You're explanation of how the crystal structures form in steel depending on if or how it's quenched is spot on, and matches well with what I've learned in some Geology classes I took in College a while back on how rocks form. Same principal at work, cool minerals fast, and you get crystals of very small size and evenly distributed, cool it slowly, and the minerals have a chance to form big crystals and separate themselves out more, and you get a more uneven distribution.
Anyone wants to see the difference in what Shad's talking about in a visual way, do an image search on granite, then do another on rhyolite. Compare the 2 rocks. Both will look completely different, but if you study what minerals make each up, you'll see they're made up of the exact same minerals, the only difference is the granite cooled very slowly underground (over millions of years), whereas the rhyolite cooled more quickly above ground (over a few weeks-years).
Thanks Shad for finally bringing the CZcams HEMA community a good video about heat treatment!
Even with my nitpicking mind, I could only find two minors points to correct you on: first, and probably the most significant, is that Curie temperature, where a ferro-magnetic material rapidly lose its magnetic property, is not the same as the austenitizing temperature, and sometimes it can be quite off. A variation from 0% to 2.1% of the carbon content in the iron won't significantly change the Curie temperature of the material, and it will roughly stay around 770°C, while in the same time A3 and Am (complete austenitization temperature respectively for hypoeutectoid and hypereutectoid steels) will somewhat "yoyo" from 912°C, to 727°C, back to 1145°C (to which you can practically add a good 50°C, if not 100°, to be absolutely sure you pass austenitization). So the Curie temperature is only a mildly relevant practical indicator, and it's physically completely unrelated.
The second minor point, but more minor, is the tempering temperature: there is no rule. It's true with carbon steels there is a temperature range you don't want to be into too long, because secondary carbides (i.e. cementite) tend to precipitate at joint boundaries and it makes the steel brittle (that's precisely why it's called "temper embrittlement"), and bellow blue is always a safe bet, but in historical times tempering methods might have varied. Especially during the napoleonic era, we know from a fact (a reference book left by the one who precisely supervised sabers production during that era, the General Gassendi) that French sabers were tempered at the verge of glowing, so over 600°C. This may sound somewhat surprising, but blades were not kept at that temperature (for a long time), just brought there and left to cool, which is somewhat similar to nowadays "flash temper", though certainly not as accurate as with modern methods. I don't exactly know why they opted for this method, but as the effect of tempering are also a function of time, not just temperature, maybe they could more reliably control that a whole blade would be starting to glow once, rather than make sure it would stay at 200-250°C for one hour. With a saber blade, you rather want to be too soft than too brittle, while it's not nearly as much of a trouble on a knife (because it's short) or axe (because it's compact). But I'm only speculating here, and this would be really nerdy fringe archeometallurgy to exactly study this question.
Maybe your next video will be about the Iron-Carbon diagram and how it's to be read and interpreted? Just kidding! But you'll have to face the Behemoth one day...
Wow, one of the most informative and simple to understand videos I have ever seen!
You're great at explaining stuff Shad.
And thanks for another great series!
Having the practical aspects of the design of the sword really helps to understand the metallurgy behind it. Thanks .
Man, Shad gives out a lot of hearts.
I learned this in university but you were by far WAAAAY easier to understand. I saw it too late to help with the course but I like this topic anyway so thanks for clearing it all up X3
This blacksmith approves
Chemistry and the like are usually my Achilles' Heel, this stuff just doesn't easily enter the brain box, however the way you explain stuff makes this go down simpler - undeniably helped by your clear love for swords and the such. Thanks Shad
I studied this on university and you made visualize some things in a really cool way. Great video.
As an engineer i love the technical level and accuracy that this video goes into. but I'd also like to add that in the good old days, these processes were still used to make things like the beds of industrial milling and turning equipment. These days, to make things cheaper they dont do it any more. this means that second hand metal working machines hold their value because even if they were made in the 1950s they can still be more accurate than something made 2 years ago because they've not done any of the stress relieving to any of the precisely ground surfaces, which eventually start to buckle.
9:30 Hold up. Tool steels are quite a bit more complicated than that. The different types of tool steels get their various properties from a combination of carbon content, alloying elements, and their heat treating. For instance, those drills you showed would be made of high speed steel, which is a high carbon steel that's either going to be alloyed with tungsten or molybdenum (alongside a whole bunch of other stuff) and heat treated at very high temperatures.
But aside from that, pretty spot on. A lot of these same concepts are used in industrial settings for heat treating steel parts. Actually it's almost identical, except that in a lot of cases you'll want to temper parts in an oven instead of an open flame for better temperature control.
Trace elements really changes so many things. I bet it would take hours to give even a cursory explanation. I believe beautiful wootz Damascus steel cannot exist without tiny amounts of vanadium, for example.
Well in the specific case of high speed steel, I'm not sure you could call tungsten a trace element. The most common HSS alloy, T1, contains 18% tungsten. Not 1.8%, 18. Although in the context of medieval metalworking, modern HSS alloys might as well be alien technology.
And the effects that vanadium has on steel would probably be pretty useful to a bladesmith. Better hardenability, shock resistance, fatigue resistance, and toughness.
Mr. Entropy, that is true with most off the shelf bits, etc. but consider the 10 series steels like 1060 up, which are primarily Iron and carbon with addition of manganese for additional hardness, sulfur for machinability and phosphorous for hardness. Cheers. KW
I highly appreciate you made this video, I am a blacksmith's apprentice from the Netherlands and I learned quite a bit from your video. it's good to see how much research you've actually done to make this video because most people I know don't even know what quenching and tempering is for. I've also met people who claimed that quenching in oil is much better than quenching in water due to oil not being as cold as water. Although, when I tested it (without tempering) it seemed like they both had the same result (using low carbon steel)
I get excited when I hear the theme music. Love this channel!
Amazing video and likely my favourite so far. You've made what could be very complicated into something very simple. THANK YOU!
It's a true pleasure sir ^_^
Hi Shad! This video is very well made I think, you just clearly explained a complex topic... going quite deep, in my opinion. Thanks, I'm very interested in steel, forging, blacksmithing, blades etc, and this kind of videos help me a lot to understand this complex world. Greetings from Italy!
I love this. It has all the detail needed to understand what's going on without diving into the why and muddling the message.
**sees man at arms in the thumbnail** immediately worth viewing
History can be very interesting if taught right! wish i had such passionate teachers once i was going to school, not just less than interested boring zombies :(
Spare time G
yeah, sure. Wish for the same thing as generations before you did including said "zombies"...
This is basically part of what I'm learning as part of my forensic science program at university. Nice video.
THIS IS WHAT I CAME HERE FOR!
SWOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOORDS!
but, what about CRENULATIONS?!
ha, i bet you were expecting the D-word! muhahaha!
so many hearted comments, XD! shad youre a madman!
Also, you make quite useful videos. keep up the amazing work!
A true pleasure mate ^_^
YES! THANK YOU SO MUCH! I needed to watch this video. this fills in so many gaps of knowledge I had!
hi chad. nice in dept video, really liked it.
but there are two things you mentioned that might make people get it wrong.
first of all, the way you talked about katana's was like there was no tempering done to the blade at all. the truth however is that katana's do get tempered, but at way way lower temperatures than spring steel swords. if you would not temper a katana at all, it could be so brittle that you can chip it using it on a tatami mat.
secondly, somewhere around the 5-6 minute mark you were talking about work hardening and that it was not that useful on steel swords, only on bronze because the steel gets normalized anyway.
yes, all of this is true, but also not entirely. a well forged sword is never heated up beyond the orange color when forging it in the last stages. by forging it at this temperature the grain of the steel becomes smaller and that improves the quality of the blade.
note, this is not just a sword thing, but mayor steel industries use this fact when rolling steel.
but again, really nice video. it is rare to come across video's about this subject that only get this little wrong.
keep it up.
Video was great already, but ... thak you for additional information
I mean ... really. Thank you.
Cheers! ;-)
Amazing video. You're right, Shad, swords really are awesome.
Shad: Historian, author and scientist. What an intellectual.
WOW!! Seeing the Katana bending whilst cooling blew my mind!
Love your channel, as a machinist/metallurgist, this is a great primer on steel. Nit picking: during the tempering stage the metal does not "glow" this is a color change to the polished surface similar to what you see on motorcycle chrome pipes, it indicates oxidation to the surface and leads to bluing which is ferrous oxide (but lets not go there) from ancient time the color changes that a surface goes through has been an indication of heat which you noted on your color band slide.I think you're selling Europe short on iron and steel development, consider the Halstatt sword, which though it is labeled as iron is actually low grade steel, also consider Swedish watered steel and Iberian Celt steel. Most stack up well against Wootz steel. In the case off Halstatt (600 BCE) the Goths and the Scandr were well ahead of the game..Be Well and my Best, KW
15:59
_"Hardness does not determine how sharp a sword can get."_
Technically true, but when you get into some of the more exotic steels (albeit not sword steel), hardness and steel composition do dictate how sharp you can get it. For instance, with steels like ZDP-189, CPM-S20V, ect. - you run into issues with *_edge stability._* And with steels that are extremely hard like ZDP-189 with a high HRC or steels like CPM-S20V, S30V/S35VN, ect. with carbides not normally found like vanadium carbides (which are... absurdly tough, don't quote me on this, but IIRC vanadium carbides would be measured in the hundreds or perhaps thousands in HRC if you were to to measure and convert it). So what happens if you don't sharpen something that is harder than the carbides (like diamond), you're not actually _sharpening_ the steel, but ripping/tear/fracturing the carbides out. Meaning that you can't get it as sharp as a steel that does not have those carbides/hardness.
Forgot to mention: this doesn't mean that such steels are not as sharp. As I said, diamond solves many of these issues - although when you get into the ridiculously sharp and minute details, doing it as well is much more difficult than if they didn't have the carbides. Diamond doesn't "polish" after all. All you can do is step-down through "grit"/micron (micron is better for measuring the sharpening effectiveness because it's uniform, grit just means whatever standard that manufacturer uses to measure by and there's dozens) size until you get the edge you want. Meaning you start out with, say, 30 micron diamond, then 20, then 10, then 7, then 5, 3, 2, 1, .5, .25, .1, ect. Monotonous and time-consuming to sharpen "properly" that way. Then again, it's NOT necessary, but if you want to get absolute equal sharpening performance and everything, that's the way it needs to be done. Realistically, it won't improve your edge to a degree you'll notice it. This is all just meaningless semantics from human end user experience.
I really recommend "Cliff Stamp" and his CZcams channel. The guy really dives into the minutiae of sharpening and what works and doesn't work and why. And it's surprising how much we still don't really know about the subject. Then again, new steels are always being invented and each one kinda puts a dampener on what we knew about sharpening.
Additional note, you should be proud the professionals are lauding your work, the next time I teach I'm going to reference this video, well done and huzzah
Your personality is a great asset in explaining this stuff, the way you say it makes it sound like something I wanna know about, on the cusp of comedy.
it's amazing how much i've learned about metal, quenching and atom like stuff today throughout this few hours being online
thanks you all youtube creators and thanks to the holy internet : )
Absolutely THE BEST description I’ve ever seen.
Thank you
Amazing video as always. Keep up the great work, Shad.
This is a 4 year old video, but I think it's quite well worth the comment. My Grandad survived the Great Depression, and one story my Dad likes to tell is he'd make his pickaxes for mining coal out of springs from old junk cars. They last forever because of the kind of steel but also exactly what you're talking about! Very neat stuff to learn!
This is genuinely a really fascinating process, and I always feel like I can't get enough information on it. Imagine a material that behaved similarly to this, but in different conditions - Like the mechanism of change was light, or sound, or something of that ilk. Manaforged blade? This is great inspiration, even though I already felt I knew a lot about the process. Thanks for the video, Shad!
awesome video.You dropped the comedy Your video's have only gotten better out standing.
am a materials engineering student.
was looking for some fun after studying heat treatment
found this video.
wow. having fun while reinforcing my knowledge
u the best
there is so much misinformation/bad/half ass explanations for all of this on the internet. For someone with an educated point of wiew, who also had an interest in trying to learn this before i got any good explanations in school i had a lot of misconceptions because of other "informative videos". THIS video on the other hand is marvelously informative in a good explanatory way which will easily educate people. I have not seen anyone go into such depth with such ease, good damn work there!!! :) :)
Just came across your videos and enjoyed every one of them so far. It's entertaining to watch with how much enthusiasm you tackle so many different aspects of weaponry, history or science in general. Thanks for sharing this stuff!
This is the only side of chemistry I will ever find interesting
ha ha I love it, I was just thinking about this today! Thanks Shad! You're the best! And I love how you make this stuff fun and interesting
hey shad, drill bit maker here. at our company, who supplies tools for the likes of boeing and ford, we actually use a tungsten-carbide drill bits that are good at going through carbon steel.
wishing you a happy 2018 pal. thanks for the vids!
Great stuff Shad!
Has always amazing video, good job Shad, good job.
forgot about this channel for a while. we need more shad!!! thanks for making truth great again
Thank you for not only being very informative, but also entertaining as well. :)
If my lecturers had shown closer to this level of enthusiasm and actually used practical examples like this early on, my Materials Engineering module of 1st year of Uni would likely not have been so dull :P
a very good video just very little things
1. it is also quenching if you expose the iron to "room tempered" air the best method depends on steel and form
2. on 6:25 you probably mean toughness and not ductility
and and at least i learned to always use the term "pure iron" or "technical pure iron" to avoid confusion with cast iron
all in all great video with no real mistakes (one can always go deeper into the matter and nitpick about the heterogeneity of austenit microstructures but not in an introduction level video)
Without a doubt, this is one of the best explanations I have ever seen. I hope you don't mind I shared it to my blacksmithing page. It's excellent!
When I was doing my undergrad for mechanical engineering, I learned all this in my intro materials science class, in fact I kept the textbook...somewhere in the basement. But putting this knowledge in context of sword making was refreshing and a lot of fun. Thanks Shad and Happy New Year!
Now, watching these smith vids on YT will make even more fun because I know what and why they are doing.
50043211 they did explain it in AWE me. I suggest watching this LotR episode where they make uhm... Anduril or Narsil? Basically Aragorns sword And hit the blade untempered.
will check it out
Another great video Shad!!
This is a great video for clearing up misconceptions and myths while being VERY informative and enjoyable (at least to people like me who are interested in metallurgy and chemistry). Good job Shad.
Man, I am an engineer (technically NA) even I didn't study this much metallurgy. Great video Shad, very informative and well researched videos. Thanks!
Great video, this semester I learned all about this, metals and termic treatments, one of my fav classes
Wooo Iliya! AWE me does weird weapons. Still great blacksmithing
Most informative (ergo, the best) episode in quite some time. Thanks!
As a moulder I only touched on heat treatment but thank you for reminding me of a lot of what i learnt at tafe.
Also you can quench in salt water for additional carbon.
Best video I have found on the subject. Thank you.
I wanted to find out more information about tempering steel. Well put together information. I now know why drill bits and files can cut through steel, but can easily snap or be shattered.
That was beautiful! I had a general idea, but you explained it so well :). Missed a class learning to work with metal, could never find a better, unexpected resource watching your channel...Cheers!
It's ok, Shad. We were taught about those phases and constituents that you were talking about (ferrite, austenite, cementite) for a whole semester in Univesrity. A bit of studerring is fine and your explanation is correct. So, great video!