Languages of Spain
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- čas přidán 13. 05. 2021
- Spanish is not the only language in Spain, in fact there are many other official and recognised languages and a multitude of dialects. Spanish or Castilian, Catalan (Català), Galician (Galego), Basque (Euskara), Asturleonese, more commonly Asturian (Asturianu) and Leonese (Llionés), Occitan, of the Gascon variant and specificually Aranese (Aranés) and Aragonese (Aragonés).
NOTE In the video I show as the flag for Galicia a flag called the 'Estreleira' which is not actually the official flag of the autonomous community but rather a flag associated with Galician separatism. This was not an intentional endorsement but rather an honest mistake on my part so please forgive the addition! The actual flag of Galicia is this lovely specimen:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of...
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#Spain #Spanish #Languages
We, the Galicians, have more than 100 words to describe different types of rain. Some of them have direct translate to spanish, and most of them are unique. The kind of stuff you do when you live in a place that is raining 200 days in a year.
The same happens in catalan for rivers, we have at least a houndred names for courses of water, most of the unique, very interesting ;)
informação interessante !
What are some of them?
@Ir liz Condensación de Agua:
- Borraxeira, Borraxoia, Brétema, Cegoña, Fuscallo, Néboa, Neboeiro, Nebra, Zarrazina…
Lluvia fina:
- Babuña, Babuxa, Barbaña, Barbuza, Barrallo, Barrufa, Barruñeira, Barruzo, Borralla, Breca, Chuvisca, Chuviscada, Chuviñada, Froallo, Lapiñeira, Marmaña, Orballo, Parruma, Parrumada, Patiñeira, Patumeira, Poalla, Poallada, Poalleira, Poallo, Zarzallo, Morriña…
Lluvia Fuerte:
- Arroiada, Ballón, Basto, Bátega, Bategada, Cebra, Cebrina, Chaparrada, Chuvascada, Chuvasco, Chuvieira, Cifra, Ciobra, Dioivo, Treixada, Xistra, Zarracina…
Con rayos y truenos:
- Treboada, Torboada, Torbón, Trebón…
Con Nieve y Hielo:
- Auganeve, Cebrina, Cebrisca, Escarabana, Nevada, Nevarada, Nevareira, Nevarío, Nevisca, Nevarisca, Pedrazo, Salabreada, Sarabiada, Torba…
Cuando acaba (verbos):
- Amizar, Delampar, Escambrar, Escampar, Estear, Estiñar, Estrelampar…
@ᴅᴀɴ Condensación de Agua:
- Borraxeira, Borraxoia, Brétema, Cegoña, Fuscallo, Néboa, Neboeiro, Nebra, Zarrazina…
Lluvia fina:
- Babuña, Babuxa, Barbaña, Barbuza, Barrallo, Barrufa, Barruñeira, Barruzo, Borralla, Breca, Chuvisca, Chuviscada, Chuviñada, Froallo, Lapiñeira, Marmaña, Orballo, Parruma, Parrumada, Patiñeira, Patumeira, Poalla, Poallada, Poalleira, Poallo, Zarzallo, Morriña…
Lluvia Fuerte:
- Arroiada, Ballón, Basto, Bátega, Bategada, Cebra, Cebrina, Chaparrada, Chuvascada, Chuvasco, Chuvieira, Cifra, Ciobra, Dioivo, Treixada, Xistra, Zarracina…
Con rayos y truenos:
- Treboada, Torboada, Torbón, Trebón…
Con Nieve y Hielo:
- Auganeve, Cebrina, Cebrisca, Escarabana, Nevada, Nevarada, Nevareira, Nevarío, Nevisca, Nevarisca, Pedrazo, Salabreada, Sarabiada, Torba…
Cuando acaba (verbos):
- Amizar, Delampar, Escambrar, Escampar, Estear, Estiñar, Estrelampar…
Fun fact, the word Aran in Vall d'Aran, Aranese, actually comes from aran in basque, which means valley. So Vall d'Aran would mean valley of valleys
thank you Daddy !
same for rioja, rio oja , oja is basque for river...and rio is river in spanish....
In preroman times, Porto was called Cale (means sea harbour in celtic) when the romans arived, they calles the city Portus Cale, meaning the harbour of Cale (or harbour of harbour).
The name of the city turnned into the name of the country, so Portugal (portu + gale) means Harbour Harbour.
@@CarlesPerez77 No, oja is the name of a river that crosses Rioja, which is a possible reason for the name and n basque river is ibai or erreka. I think you messed up with the other possible origin of Rioja, which is the Basque name Errioxa, it sounds similar to "herri hotza" (cold country).
I hope this helped 😊
Vall also means valley in catalan
You've got to love the Basque family tree
Ever so lonely..
@@historywithhilbert146 Btw, if you ever happen to need a bit of help with Basque again, message me or smthg
My last name is Elizando it's a Basque surname.
@@historywithhilbert146 In fact there is a small language created by the basque and icelandic fishermen which is a mixture of Basque and Icelandic (a Pilgrin). Sadly, this small "language" disappeared along with fishing restrictions to Basque fishermen in the north sea.
Hope this helped 😊
@@enanfe there was also a similar pilgrin formed on the east coast of Canada, which was a mix of basque brought by walers and a native american language (I can't remember which sorry) which disappeared shortly after for the same reasons
Thanks for making this. When non-Spaniards think of Spain, the only thing that really comes to mind are flamenco-playing guitarrists and people stabbing live bulls while shouting olé, while forgetting the relatively huge cultural and linguistic diversity there is in such a fascinating country.
Me da mucha rabia cuando nos representan a los españoles de la manera mas prototipica posible.
No we think of Spaniards as Colonizers
@@monotrema7162 mmmm interesting question probably you should do some research on slavery. ☺️
@@trogers7084 Colonized mentality. Grow up, bro.
@@alfrredd educate yourself bro
as a Frenchman (Normandy / Roussillon) living in Northern Catalonia (French part) who lived for 12 years in Barcelona (Spanish part), I have to say that's a (subjectively) great video! thanks
Do you speak spanish?
@@RaulGonzalez-xt1kx yeap, French, Spanish and Catalan... 12 years un BCN, mate
@@piloul3538 gracias que bella es Normandía quisiera conocer ruan y el monte San Michele
@@piloul3538 quiero aprender francés es díficil hacéis guturales al pronunciar las palabras
@@Javi-lw5ci eso sois vosotros
Normal youtubers: *sponsored by Raid*
Hilbert: *sponsored by the city of Lugo*
I love your channel man, keep up the amazing work!
I really like this video and I appreciate the inclusion of Asturleonese. I'm originally from Latin America but moved to Spain more than 10 years ago, and I speak Castillian and Catalan. Would love to learn Basque someday.
Más gente así porfa, eskerrik asko.
Armate de paciencia, hablamos la lengua de sauron
Misión imposible
Se dice "tengo veintiún* años" (cuando el numeral va delante de un sustantivo apocopa perdiendo la vocal: si quitases "años" sí que podría ser "Tengo veintiuno.")
Gracias por explicarlo!
tremendo
"Apocopa", me encanta!
Y es idiotas no idiotos
No quizé sonar "mamon" sorry
@@unpizzeroquevendepanyunren3737 and he didn't even read correctly, anyway. he used "putos" lol
Incredible video! As a galician, very proud of your analysis. And thanks for including Asturianu ❤ their speakers really need the recognition they deserve!
Gracias desde Asturias!
@@armandom.s.1844 Galicia y Asturias son tierras hermanas 💙 el único lugar de España en el que me sentía como en casa fue en Asturias ya que se parece mucho a Galicia :)
@@ayra4650 Eres española? Como no te vas a sentir en casa en tu país. Esto es el problema con el regionalismo y las comunidades autónomas, han creado más sentimiento así y hacen frágil la unidad de españa.
Solo Para eventualmente separarse y hacer el país más chico y débil. Para que EEUU domine más. Esto es el gran problema con Europa también. Franco entendió lo necesario que se tenía que hacer.
@@Hispania_45 Franco era un dictador de mierda que reprimió la identidad de tierras como la mía prohibiendo hablar gallego "por la unidad de España". *Francamente* te la tiene que sudar mis ideales políticos como a mí no me importan los tuyos. Solo te explico que desde mi punto de vista España es un país anticuado y dividido porque irónicamente nos quisieron juntar a la fuerza como a una mente colmena sin personalidad, ni voz, ni voto. Respeto a los que se quieren marchar y a los que se quieren quedar, simplemente eso .
it just sounds like someone from spain is reading portuguese as its written
Now we need a video about the romance languages located in modern France 👌
I'll do France as well at some point - these videos take a long time to make though!
Not sure we need to limit that to only the romance languages tho. Breton, Basque and Alsatian are just as French.
@@BobbyBermuda1986 Absolutely, I wish the French government would follow a similar approach to recognising their minority languages as other nations have (e.g. modern UK, Spain, Canada, Norway etc).
@@BobbyBermuda1986 Almmanic as well
@@satyr1349 the french hate minority languages
20:02 Thanks for talking about Aragonaise! It's a language that is very forgotten, and it's sad that even in Aragón there is a lot of people that disregard ir saying that it's a dialect of latín instead of a language, and that it shouldn't be preserved. Thanks to people like you for recognising the fabla!
Gracias Xilberto vuestro súbdito leal del la corona Española en Los Países Bajos
Edit: I even had read this out loud with a Spanish accent to sound as pompous as possible
Ay no que terrible 😁
@@historywithhilbert146 Si! Que se arrodille!
Okey, but..
Xilberto would be in galician. I think the spaniards have the form Gilberto with the G. Is there any difference? Well, deppends to the place, but yes. To me, Xilberto and Gilberto are so different than She and He are to each other. To a Valencian guy that would sound Chilberto, etc..
Southerns would use Ilberto and add a vocative form like "pisha" or "killo" (ki-yo), that is an honor title that came from centuries ago. "Ilberto, pisha, súbdito leal éono". Also, comma always before a vocative: Gracias, Gilberto.
"Vuestro" is a possesive, literally it is "your". It could refer to the guy who is using it in a formal way, like at the end of a letter: "Atentamente, vuestro súbdito leal.." (Sincerely, your loyal subdit..) In here you might use "usted", or just don't use anything would sound even better "Gracias, Gilberto, súbdito leal.."
Or maybe you wanted to translate "you're". In that case that would be: "Gracias, Gilberto, eres el súbdito leal.." but this is less probable.
Finally, "del" is a contraction from preposition 'de' (of) and male article 'el' (the). It is like to melt "Of" and "The" in the same word. It would be better if tou just use the preposition "de". (Del la means literally "Of the the" is just nonsense make out by a single letter.)
"Gracias, Gilberto. Súbdito leal de la Corona Española en Los Países Bajos."
Everything else is fine, 9/10, happy summer.
@@madshagen5849 Wonderful, but do not forget the graphic accent:
Si = If
Sí = Yes
@@rafaellucadetena9355 It was probably Xilberto in Old Spanish, that's why he wrote it like that, to make it look all like if it was the 16th century. Just like this: "Por Volvntad de Sv Catholica, e Serenisima Maxestad Emperial el Duque de Borgogna Don Carlos de Apsburgo e por su Maxestad en los Payses Baxos, io, Sebastian de Primomija, blah blah blah. Those were the vibes, really based if you asked me xD
As most of the comments from my fellow Spaniards here, I'm very much grateful for your work. Spain is a country similar to the UK and while the UK gets more recognition for it's languages and cultures, Spain doesn't. So it's so rewarding to see people actively learn about Spain and discover more rather than stay uneducated and think of Spain as simply "Bullfighting, Paella, Flamenco", because those stereotypes are harmful not only to Spain, but to the Autonomies within it. I said it before and I'll say it again, great video despite it's mistakes, I am very proud of your work, Gracies and Gracias
Salutations from the Valencian Community 🤗❤️
We only really have English and Welsh. It’s said that the Scottish have a dialect, but in reality it’s more of a slang, as is the same with Gaelic which nobody can speak as a first language anymore in Scotland.
@@andrewcoates4952 This is incorrect. There is a "Scottish English" which is more or less slang, but this is very different from the Scots language, which has its own written literature stretching back hundreds of years. As an English speaker, trying to understand for example Gavin Douglas's stunningly beautiful translation of the Aeneid into Scots (the Eneados) is nearly impossible. I tried, since it's considered much more beautiful than any translation of the Aeneid into English, and I assumed it would be easily mutually intelligible with English and no problem. Wow was I wrong. I had to look up almost every word because either I wasn't sure what it meant or else I just had no idea. What I did manage to translate before I gave up did live up to its reputation though. Beautiful book.
Thanks a lot for putting in the light smaller cultures :)
Hi from the Spanish Basque Country! someday more people will be able to speak Breton, keep strong :)
@@pyrenaea3019 Thank you so much ! I wish you strength as well !
@@gwennblei Eskerrik asko, Trugarez vras 💪
Bevet ar brezhoneg, ur yezh bev eo!
keep on bretonning !!!!
You forgot to mention fala, the whistled languages of la Gomera and el Hierro, the dialects of portugese spoken on the border with Portugal, caló, a mix of Spanish and indo-aryan spoken by the romani people, and another mixed language of Basque and indo-aryan.
Silbo gomero is not a language. It's unique and amazing but it's Spanish omitting the consonants and substituting the vowels with whistles. It's a unique mean of communication but it's Spanish.
@@sseppel It still counts as a language though
@@jorgeh.r9879 No, it doesn't. It's a register, in Spanish you would say "lenguaje", but it's not a "lengua". The best way to explain it I can think of is if I talked in Morse code. Nobody would understand it unless they knew Morse code. But it would still be English.
He does mention Fala at 8:32 tho
He did mention Fala, but didn't go in depth with it.
7:40 That is not the correct flag of Galicia but a flag called Estreleira that is used by various left-wing Galician nationalist groups like the Bloque Nacionalista Galego. Some people might find offensive/controversial that you are using an independentist flag to represent Galicia, it would be like if you used the Estelada to represent Catalonia. I assume it's just a mistake and personally it doesn't bother me, I'm actually more used to seeing the Estreleira used by people than the official flag but I'm not Spanish and I know how divisive nationalism/independentism is in Spain.
Edit: Now that I've seen you were sponsored by the city council of Lugo, it seems bizarre you used that flag, even in the thumbnail! I can't imagine PP or PSdG being happy about it!
Pois tes razom, pero é-che moi paveiro. A bandeira estrelada aqui. Deveu de vé-la no festorro em Lugo.
Pp is pretty regionalist
Based flag!
we galicians are pretty chill, some random spaniard from outside galicia may get offended, in that case... muh... snowflakes
@@doeixo True that
A video about the languages spoken in Italy would be highly appreciated😏
Thank you!
It would also be 3 hours long
@@pepserrat3105 fr LMAOOO
As a Spaniard, this is a really good video! I'm so happy :)
Catching all errors:
- 0:00 It's not hacienda, it's haciendo. Hacienda is more like finance.
- 0:49 It's dónde, not donde.
- 0:56 It would be "veintiún" not "veintiuno"
- 1:00 In Peninsular Spanish, it is "bonita colonia" not "colonia bonita". I'm not aware if it's the same in Latin America.
- 3:54 The Province of Valencia is a subdivision of what you have circled, an autonomous community known as the Valencian Community. Spain is made up of Autonomous Communities, further subdivided into provinces.
- 6:15 Same mistake, not Valencia, but the Valencian Community.
- 14:05 It is also mostly spoken in the Chartered Community of Navarre, mostly in the northern part.
- 16:11 The Chartered Community of Navarre is a special case. It is one of the only "autonomous communities" that consist of only 1 province, so no "Northern Provinces of Navarre".
- 16:53 Occitan in Spanish is called "Occitano", "Aranés" is the dialect spoken in the region inside Spain (Aranese).
Hmmmm, in Mexico it would be "Veintiuno" and with "colonia bonita" is more common although "Bonita colonia" is still correct
@@luisricardolozadaamaya670 Mexico doesn't speak Castillian, but to be specific neither does Spain technically.
@@-Aldandil- pois iso, a bandeira correcta
@@luisricardolozadaamaya670 yes it’s still correct
@@luisricardolozadaamaya670 en Mexico decís veintiuno años? Tengo muchos amigos de allí y me sorprenderia mucho, en España también se dice ventiuno, pero sin el "años" detrás. Si no es "ventiun años"
Actually not everyone in Spain speaks Spanish. There are many people who only speak the regional languages, especially older people. For example, my grandparents can’t speak Spanish - they understand it perfectly, but they don't speak it. They only speak Galician.
They actually are pretty damn based. Fuck Castilla.
Cool that your grandparents only speak Galician, but it's definitely not normal and practically 99,99% of the Spanish population speak Spanish as well, if I'm not mistaken, the last Asturian speaker that could only speak Asturian died some years ago and there's also no only-speakers in Basque and Aragonese, there's some eldery only-speakers of Catalan, the most.
Your grandparents can't speak Spanish?? That's the biggest lie I've ever heard in a year! How would they survive during the dictatorship when you could only speak in Spanish then! I never ever met in my life a person in Spain that doesn't speak Spanish and I am from Spain Hahahaha
@@jeidelberginLast year I went to visit my grandpa's native town in Alicante and I met an elderly man that only could speak valencian. In small rural towns I guess that could be an exception to what you are saying.
@@alejandrofernandezd8909 això es mentida jo xerro català de Mallorca i mai he conegut cap persona que no xerri castellà i menys a Valencia que estau castellanitzats
You have a few mistakes but your work is just incredible, all the information is correct and it is so well explained. As a valencian Im proud of seeing that now more people can learn more about the culture from all the regions of Spain thanks to your job. Keep it like that💪🏻💪🏻
This was great. I'd love to see more videos like this for all the countries of Europe, or at least the ones with three or more native languages in them. Italy, France, and Germany come readily to mind.
brilliant! i've been curious about this for a little while, since learning more about catalan, so many thanks for the overview.
aaaaaa i LOVE this video. thank you SO much for this visibility, it’s pretty much needed, specially for the most endangered languages as asturleonese or aragonese. i speak both castillian and asturleonese (it’s central asturian variety), and i have some notes tho:
- about the castillian part: ventiuno loses it's -o when it's an adjective that comes b4 a noun, so it will be ventiún años (this happens only with the number "uno", one, and all places where it appears as such, so treintaiun/o, cuarentaiun/o, cientocincuentaiun/o etc). also, it's weird but "idiota" doesn't vary for gender, so it's "idiotas" both for males and females (esos pavos son unos idiotas = those boys are idiots).
- about the asturleonese part: in my variety the third phrase is «fai un cutu qu’escarabaya’l pelleyu, pinga’l mocu y corta’l mexu», «cortar el mexu» doesn’t actually mean to cut you open but to «stop the pee flow», as in if you were to try to pee in that situation, your pee will stop because of how cold it is.
On other note, i read somewhere that another influence of basque on castillian (and asturleonese through castillian) it’s the five phonetic vowel system, which is exactly the same as the one from basque. both castillian and asturleonese are the only two romance languages (that i know) with only 5 vowels. Dont take this info for granted bc im too lazy to info-check it, but if you or any person reading this is curious about it, i dont think it will be too difficult to find.
The recognition of galician and portuguese being the same language it’s been increasing really fast this past years both socially and in the academia. there’s not that many linguists left that support the two language theory, and the majority of those who do support it usually use cultural, social and political context arguments, not purely filo-linguistic ones. there’s even this new orthography system called «AGAL» that’s convergent with portuguese instead of spanish (so, instead of «año» they write «anho», or instead of «corazón» they write coraçom -not coração, they retain all the particularities of galician, understanding them as dialectical features-). If you’re interested in the topic, i suggest you check out olaxonmario youtube channel, he’s a galician youtuber and he knows a lot of language stuff. he has a few videos on this topic (historical context to why galician was force to converge with spanish, the new writing system etc). He even appears in some ecolinguist channel interacting with speakers of several varieties of portuguese (including european and brazilian).
Keep that Asturian alive and make sure you achieve official status some day. Greetings from Catalonia.
I LOVE THIS COMMENT!!!
Salutations from Valencia, I hope you're having a wonderful day. (Also I'm gonna check out that CZcams channel)
Nice video, but you forgot that Catalan is also spoken in La Franja de Aragón, which lies in the neighboring Community of Aragón. I'm pretty sure it's a mistake, but I like that you used the separatist Galician flag, because independence movements are really interesting to me, that's why I also liked the choice of "Eusko Gudariak" for the Basque country 👍
I have been following your channel for a while and I love your work and today this video was a glad surprise to me.
Segueix amb la bona feina!
Greetings from the old Iltirta
des de les illes canaries, l'analisi de les nostres llengues ens aclara el panorama
¿Lérida/Lleida? Xddd
@@elporrovegano
I tant!
Un vídeo sobre les llengües d'Espanya, això significa una guerra als comentaris imminent, i em quedo aquí per veure-la 😎.
Uà, que no n'hi ha res més adequat que Els Segadors per presentar al català!.
Bon vídeo ❤️.
no veo porque, yo siento que es mas interesante cuando un pais tiene mas de una lengua o "dialectos", en italia es lo mismo con el napolitano, siciliano, trentino, etc.
@@PASTRAMIKick Ojalá más gente pensara como tú
Yo solo se Castilian 😅
Eu lendo este comment e perguntando-me; "que tipo de Português é este?" lol
Fascinante que todos nos podemos entender sin hablar el mismo lenguaje.
Really good to see these videos.
Love to see galicia represented, and I even learnt some new things!
Grazas!
Probablement iste siga lo millor u mes completo de totz os videos que he veyiu d'as luengas d'o mío país. Realment bueno, norabuena per lo video zagal!!
It’s about time someone addressed this. Thanks Hilbert. Also can you do a video on Anglo Saxon poem “The Ruin” it’s quite interesting what it describes.
The video is full of mistakes and sucks
This was a great video! Your effort is much appreciated!
I loved that I could recognise who was speaking in the clips in central and balearic catalan. It was former catalan president Artur Mas and a clip from a Mallorcan girl called Ona, if I am not mistaken.
Please make a series of the "Languages of..." video. This video and the British one are my favourites on your channel and as UK and Spain are the countries that I am most familiar with I enjoyed them immensely, but as I said would be great to see more videos like this. Thanks very much Hilbert.
Gracias Lugo, Galizia por fondear (rendir fondos) a History With Hilbert con motivo de crear este fantástico video sobre nuestras lenguas Ibéricas y dejar a conocer este interesante festival sobre las campañas militares que unieron a Galicia y el resto de Iberia a Roma. Me fascinaria ir y conocer en persona sobre Gallaecia y Celtiberia.
Basque is also spoken in Northern Navarre. Basque is a pre-indoeuropean language, of course. Regardless of whether the Basque Country acquires independence from Spain, Castille was always in a massive debt to Euskaldun people. Now, this was a beautiful video, Spain being of course a supremely confusing country
Basque is also spoken in the Northern Basque Country, under French rule. In Pre and Roman times it was spoken up to Bordeaux and East to Andorra, as well as in the Northern and West-Central parts of Aragon, North of Soria, most of Rioja, North of Burgos and East of Cantabria/Santander.
@@AthThawra And in Aran valley, beeing "haran" the term in basque for valleyso that Vall d'Aran means The valley valley :D
I love your linguistics videos man. Had no idea I was interested in this stuff but it's awesome.
Nowadays, Occitan, Catalan, and sometimes Aragonese are grouped different from Ibero-romance and Gallo-Romance in their own group called Occitano-romance.
Occitano-Romance is a Gallo-Romance sub-group though
@@RoderickVI it's its own group since 1966. according to ethnologue.com french is the most distant romance language from catalan after romanian. Both portuguese and every single italian regional language is more similar to catalan than french. Even Sardinian.
@@unanec Yep, when I heard that in the video I thought "eewww what?". It's a lot easier to understand Portuguese and the easier of all Italian, I would say even easier than Aranese and Occitan, at least for me it is easier (I don't count Castillian cause we have all studied it at school xd).
Nice video Hilbert! Just a clarification the Galician flag you put in the video is the nationalistic version, nevertheless it's cool to see my language mentioned on your channel.
Greetings from Galicia!
Hilbert must be one of those Dutch chaps that learns he has 1.7% Iberian ancestry on 23andMe
Just joking lol. Love your work, man. Definitely one of the best [English-language] sources for Iberian historical ethnocultural information in this platform.
Gràcies pel vídeo, molt complet i ben explicat!
*Hilbert makes my day! Thank you ☺️.*
Can you make a video on the history of Romanian and Eastern Romance languages? That would be so cool
Thank you for this video.
Well when it comes to Basque and Georgian there are several connections: Georgian and Basque have the same structure: the verb is plural and both languages have an ergative. In Indo-European languages, there is neither a plural verb nor an ergative. There are several words that are almost the same phonetically too.
It is a very big and deep subject but in Georgia, there is significant support for the connection theory.
P.S. Georgian here.
true, but many similarities can be found in many other eurasian families. per example turkic languages. Plural names and demonyms end with -tar/ar/dar, genitives and possesives end with -en, plurals end with -k, both have ablative case and coincide in form, -te; both show postposition of the same cases (genitive, dative and accusative), and many vocabulary, just like with georgian
Yes, indeed, but I don't think they are related. They could be remains from pre-indoeuropean languages (independent languages) which they had ergativity and thanks to the mountains (maybe) they could remain untouched by Indoeuropeans
@@unanec And others that have agglutination. Maybe, there is a "Sprachbund" where languages which are geographically near to each other share some grammatic and syntax features from the others language.
@@greggr8250 well thoose language are tjousand of km far
Georgian isn't fully ergative,it's all over the place
This video is a wonderful example of how to present a complex subject in a limited time, without sacrificing either detail or wider connections. Many thanks!
Really nice explained!! About Asturleonese, the example that you selected as Leonese is in fact Extremaduran, that's because the dialect spoken on South Leon (Salamanca Province) is in fact same one as the Extremaduran!! Thanks for making our linguistic patrimony better known!!
Valencian is different to Catalan like Croat to Serb. Same language, people just like to call it different to separate us even more
7:40 You've got the Galician flag wrong. That's the flag of a political party. Just had to point it out. Anyway, good video.
@@dinoingo716 Ir en contra de comunistas no te hace fascista xD
It´s the flag of a political ideology, not a party
@@doeixo Meu, esa é a bandeira do Bloque. Que logo a utilicen as marcas brancas do Bloque xa é outra cousa 🤣
Galician movement to reunite with Portugal
@ryán I'm Galician and Portuguese, I know the history, look it up before Portugal was founded Galicia was around and was what Portuguese people came from.
10/10 video. I would love to see this with other countries!
Muito obrigado pela vossa partilha. Muito interessante o tema abordado. Sou português, aqui em Portugal falamos uma só língua, somos uma nação muito antiga (1143) e temos uma identidade muito forte e vincada. Abraços aos vizinhos espanhóis 🤗
Galiza quere a Portugal como ao seu fillo 🤍 aos do sur non podo entendelos cando falan (escrito si) máis aos portugueses do norte (preto de Galiza) os entendo coma se fosen galegos de pura cepa 🤍
Mirandês é a segunda língua oficial de Portugal
@@maryocecilyo3372 Mirandês é um dialeto reconhecido. Não é língua oficial. Abraços
@@carlossilva-st4wi dialeto?
@@carlossilva-st4wi Mirandês não é reconhecido como dialeto mas sim como língua
Hello, I speak Aragonese I just have a couple of things to say: When you say the names of Patues for example, those are just the names of the dialects os Aragonese, just like when some people say they speak Andalusian, the Spanish spoken in that region. The name "Fabla" is a derogatory way to name the lenguage, is like if you name "habla" to spanish or "parla" to Catalan. One more thing is that Aragonese comes directly from the Gallo-Romance family, some things are similar to some ibero-romance family, but comes from the first one. Anyway, the video is awesome, seriously, good job, if you need something related to the Aragonese lenguage, just let me know.
Tell your age without telling your age: I remember when Hevia put Asturian on the World Music map.
you must be in your forties then
@@finalment not yet, but quite close. 😭
Late thirties
I still remember Curro and Cobi.
As an andalusian... you should make a video of the "southern spanish dialect" because it has a lot of varieties. Someone from Sevilla (western Andalusia) speaks differently from someone from Granada (eastern Andalusia) or Murcia (Murcia's region). There are a lot of differences between the varietys of the southern dialect
THANK YOU SO MUCH for mentioning Eonavian! I never heard anyone outside the region talk about it, let alone a non-spanish person. It makes me feel so happy that you talked about us and our dialect :)
I'm Catalan and i speak central catalan and i loved this video, it's so well made and i thik it's very accurate. I'm surprised that i didn't know about some of those languages!!
Excellent video. The variety of languages on the Iberian Peninsular is something that fascinates me. I moved to Portugal from the U.K. 4 years ago so I would have liked to see you include Portuguese in this video. In fairness you touched on it and it can be argued the Portuguese language deserves a video of its own - besides the Portuguese people do not like to be lumped in with the Spanish - but linguistically the relationship between the two languages is fascinating. You might one day do a video on all the varieties of Portuguese around the world. Also, as I know you are into National Flags, you should explore the long history of the Portuguese flag. Thanks for this video.
The title is "languages of Spain" yeah cuz Portugal really is part of Spain....
@@tcbbctagain572 lol, i like that boy
Look, i´ll make this easy for you, Portugese originally started out as a dialect of spanish, then grew in popularity once Portugal declared independence from Castilla, one of the medieval kingdoms to eventually form Spain. I think that the should be included in this video, but also have a video of their own.
(Pero el castellano aún es mejorXD)
@@CondeDeBarca it was a dialect of vulgar latin, never Spanish
@@Wonderkid44 No, it was a dialect of Castilian, the original language spoken there when it was part of Castilla
Look up Silbo Gomero, the whistling based language from the Canaries, there's a couple videos on CZcams.
There's also a silbo herreño, from the island of el Hierro.
@@jorgeh.r9879 Are they different? I'd never heard of the other one
@@gav5389 I guess they're probably different. There were also a few whistled languages in Gran Canaria and Tenerife, but unfortunately they died out. Silbo herreño is not extinct, but it doesn't receive the recognition silbo gomero does, and something needs to be done quickly to prevent it from dying out.
@@gav5389 Here's a very interesting channel dedicated to the study of silbo herreño. czcams.com/channels/XVjbrAYN4L_wycfvS8-eaA.html
I love your videos Hilbert!
Thank you!
For all people that hates my country because of the anti-spanish propaganda coming from all around the world:
Don't use this video to throw shit towards my country on the comments and just enjoy the differents languages of Spain and educate yourselfs.
as a basque i know all this shit but i came here just to get mad if you say something wrong
now that i watched it i have to say that terrible pronunciation but very good video i'm impressed eskerrik asko
Berdin
@Ir liz obviously cause he hasn’t got no idea about how to pronounce it, which is perfectly understandable as even spanish people who don’t speak basque can’t pronounce it
Vídeo con subtítulos en galego? Non esperaba isto. Moi ben!
Oh Hilbert, you've done it again. Thank you.
0:56 That would actually be "Tengo veintiún años". "Uno" gets shortened to "un" when it accompanies a noun; "tengo treintaiún granos de maíz", but "tengo treintaiuno".
Ay lo siento por mi error 😬
My family is from Northern Basque in France along the Pyrenees mountains speak both French and the Upper Navarrese dialect, It is crazy how Spanish and French sound so unalike compared to Basque dialects.
I believed that France had destroyed the identity of the French Basque country
@Ir liz France hates any language other than French does not tolerate regional identities
@Ir liz are you from the french basque country?
@Ir liz hablas español?
Indeed. These comes from the folk latin, but the Basque not.
Unbelievable...who gives this a thumbs down? Fantastic video that required a ton of research...well done! There are some really ignorant people out there living sad lives.
awesome could u do a video on the basque-algonquin creole? :)
This is a very good video overall, though there are some minor mistakes in the video, apart from the pronouncing ones, that everyone wanted to point out, theese are some others. I hope you accept them :)
2:08 not a mistake but would have been great to mention the basque influence over castilian as you mentioned arabic, basque influence produced the main deformation of castilian latin. The entire vocalic system of castilian is inherited from Basque and it's also the reason why spanish has everything you said here
4:28 Oops! you are almost 55 years outdated! French is the most distant romance language apart from romanian, that's why catalan and occitan are grouped as occitano-romance since 1966.
5:12 nope, it's not based in central catalan, Catalan standard is only for writing but spoken standard does not exist. Written standard is built in order to fit all different pronounciations of catalan dialect. It's kind of a distinct way to build standards i guess.
7:47 actually portuguese and galician are still grouped as the same in linguistic sciences. The galician-portuguese boarder does not even fit dialects. It's good to point out Portuguese and Spanish are often considered a dialectal continuum. Though a castilian and an Alentiejan won't understand, a castilian will fully understand an asturian, the asturian will fully understan the galician, the galician will fully understand the northern portuguese and finally the portuguese will fully understand the southern portuguese. Still this is not popularly accepted.
14:55 maybe i should watch the entire video before commenting but yes, this is widely accepted as true. Also explain the rolled R, the soft g and others. I think there is no sound not shared by both castilian and basque (should check), and this is not recent, have been like this for centuries
15:13 "only pre-indoeuropean language", "the only left-overs of the romans", well, that's literally the only known thing about basque, not a theory lol. Also point out thet there are many weird similarities between basque and eurasian languages, specially turkic, not as if they had common ancestors but as if they were in contact for a long time since they are mostly phonetical similarities.
This video is actually very good and let me tell you some something incredible, most dialect have also regional names so you can not-to-call it as a cardinal direction :D
I love the video so far, but little nitpick, at the beginning, the phrase "tengo veintiuno años", would sound better as "tengo veintiún años".
Great video hilbert, just wanted to tell you that you missed silbo gomero as the last of the languages in Spain, it is a very cool language "spoken" by whistles in the canary island.
Again great video and dont take this as a correction whatsoever, but as you like languages youd probably be surprised by this one.
Man you videos are so good, who are you and why do you know so much history? I enjoy the dark age Britain stuff, but being French I feel that this period is not that much researched or talked about here. I might be wrong, but I don't find that much information.
Also, as a Gascon myself, I find it interesting that you mentioned Aranese. Their language is even a variety of "valley" gascon, spoken in the mountain, the main feature being the change in definite articles ("eth, era" instead of "lo, la").
Insteresting as well to note that it's the only form of occitan with official recognition as France still refuses to give it any official status (and probably never will thanks to our mad centralisation).
3:51 Small correction there, those aren't provinces, those are autonomous comunities or autonomies for short.
An autonomie can be divided into several provinces or have just one but they aren't equivalent nonetheless.
Great video anyway!
I live next to galicia and i like it because i can speak portuguese and they understand. The two languages are very similar
The video was really good, hope you’ll be able to do languages of France and Italy
Great video Hilbert; well-researched and presented. Your Basque pronunciation was pretty good and as you probably know by now, Basque is as phonetic as Castilian so you pretty much pronounce it as it is written. Kudos to the Galegos for sponsoring you. Great job!
Proud euskaldun here! You had pretty good pronunciation overall and nice history lesson. Although I must say that like spanish dialects basque also has a lot of diversity depending of where you are looking, for example, I would struggle to understand someone that speaks a dialect of basque from a small village or even Nafarroa. But very interesting and informative nontheless.
Its a crime the imposition of the artificial Basque dialect called Batua.
@@anselmo4952 la normalizacion de un idioma es algo comun en todas las lenguas. Algo similar ocurre con el arabe clasico moderno,un idioma que se estudia en todos las paises arabes y no se habla en ninguno.
Lo puedes tomar como una imposicion, pero es algo comun que no va en contra de los dialectos. La normalizacion es un tema linguistico, no politico.
@@sabin6327
Si. Pero la palabra "normalización", se queda corta para describir el proceso de creación de una nueva lengua, que es lo que realmente se ha hecho.
Bizkaitarrontzat Euskera Batua hizkuntza atzerritar bat da
This is a great video, and I honestly love that you made it.
A few things I'd like to point out:
At the begining of the video, the minor grammatical mistakes in the Spanish text may have been intentional, but for those who didn't notice them, lemme very quickly write the correct phrases here:
Hola; ¿dónde está la playa?
Me llamo Hilbert. ←This one was written correctly.
Tengo veintiún años. ←Some adjectives and determinants change forms when they precede the noun they modify, mainly determinants, and mainly numeric ones.
(I'ma change the word order a bit to make this one more natural) Idiotas holandeses, (se) robaron nuestra bonita colonia.
(The 'se' would be used more in Latin American Spanish here, not so much is European Spanish) (While here you said 'putos', which would be right, when writing 'idiotas' you did it wrong: 'idiotas' has no masculine or feminine forms)
Next thing: the intermediate between Galician and Asturian is also refered to as "fala" or "la fala", at least by us living in Asturias; to us, it sounds like Galician, but, to Galicians, it sounds like Asturian.
As for your information about Asturian:
1: you butchered the pronunciation completly. The x in Asturian is pronounced more similarly to an English sh.
2: The 'neuter' gender isn't really neuter or a gender. In central and eastern dialects of Asturian, uncountable nouns receive an illusive neuter gender, but the noun itself isn't neuter, it's just that an adjective placed after it will be in a new 'neuter' gender if said noun is uncountable. To burrow an example from a book:
(un) corchu blandiu - (a) soft cork
(una) fueya seca - (a) dry leave
corchos blandios - soft corks
fueyes seques - dry leaves
corchu blandio - dry corck (uncountable)
fueya seco - dry leave(s) (uncountable)
3: Again, you didn't write the opening question mark («¿»). This disregard for «¿» and «¡» then continues for the rest of the video.
Oh, also, the translation of "Fai un cuyu que corta el mexo, escarabaya el peyeyo y xelo el moco." ("escaraballa" is incorrect, and I also removed the "i"s after the "x"s, so as to better comply with more modern spelling standarts, although I don't really have a problem with those "i"s) would actually be "It's so cold that it interrupts peeing (as in you can't pee), it makes your skin flake, and it freezes your boogers.", so... pretty far from what you provided.
Anyway, as I said, I think this video is great, just not perfect, but I don't think it would be realistic to expect it to be. It's remarkable how you managed to talk about all these languages in such a short video, and how well you covered each for the time they each got.
As for my thoughts on the way Asturian is getting standardised and what the DALLA is doing... let's not get into that here, ok?
¡Saludos desde Asturies!
De verdá que mal pronunció la x, cuando ye igual en gallegu y vascu.
Great video, please make it a series.
Nice facto to put Fala on the video, some friends of mine speak it and is so incredible how they keep that language from the past
@History With Hilbert, the Catalan language interest me more and one question, what software do you use to make your presentation for your videos?
Ask what you want, here a catalan will help :)
I'm basque, I speak basque, Catalan and Spanish. But I also would like to learn occitan/aranese and recover the old aragonese language.
Eres como Thanos con las Piedras del Infinito pero versión ibérica, estoy flipando.
@@ikad5229 Les he tenido que preguntar a mis amigos porque no entendí la referencia jajajsja
Hombre, ya puestos,remata la faena y hazte un poyaque (pues ya que empezamos...) aprendiendo galego y portugués para ser el superibérico. Un saludo (y una envidia mu gorda que te tengo😊😊)
@@ignacioheredia9599 Me faltaría el asturleonés XD. Feliz día das letras galegas!!
@@pyrenaea3019 ledidísimo e ben doado día das letras galegas. ¡Vivan "cantares galegos"!
I am gonna comment every video you made until you made the OAS video
Llevava encontrando un video así desde hace un tiempo
Very interesting, muy interesante!...
Man I'd like to see Hilbert trying to tackle south slavic languages and dialects seeing as it's simple in some parts, but complicated in others
I think it would be quite the challenge haha
@@historywithhilbert146 It wont be. In Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina we speak same language. I can understand Slovien and Macedonian but not all of it and only if they speak slowly. I think Bulgarians and Macedonians can understand each other but I am not shure. So that video wont be that hard to make, but it would be hard not to piss off some morons.
@@historywithhilbert146 you should do dialects of Italy. Lots of interesting stuff going on in the south and northwest
Muy buen documental y pronunciación. Saludos desde Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)
Superbly explained
Bon vídeo, salutacions des-de Catalunya i en català.
mata a els spanyols
I must be thankful to you. You are the first person who understand the problems we've got in Spain about the languages. The imperial Spain would on to both one only-language country. I am catalan and I can't stand the reason because most of people outside Catalonia hate out language, which is, more or less, as old as Spanish, the language's name, only for them, of the imperial Spain. Thanks very much indeed.
Would be. Sorry!
Muy acertado comentario. Yo soy gallego viviendo en Madrid y a mí nadie me ha discriminado nunca, pero más de una vez he oído a algún amigo hablar sobre no ir a Cataluña porque "hay catalanes" o alguna atrocidad del estilo. Debe ser algo cultural en ciertas partes de España odiar a Cataluña, y me hierve la sangre por ello. Y es lo que dices, las generaciones de mayores tendrán resentimiento por Cataluña y lo pasarán a generaciones posteriores. Una pena
Increïblement acurat, molt bo!
I love your channel Hilbert! Every video is so interesting. I don't know anything about you but I feel like you'd be a great friend haha
I would love to learn more about the Basque language and it's origen. Very interesting!
The vasques also want to know. Its a mystery language, but some people think its the original language of the pre-roman iberians. Not much evidence though
As a basque, you've my support!
Basque gave us the word sies
Could u do a video on german dialects? Personally i speak high german and saxon, and i would be very interested in a outside perspective, as well as history. Especially with it having many similarities with old enlgish,
Impressive video. I’m from the USA but lived in Spain for 10 years during the 70’s. I knew most of the languages that you mentioned but not all. I learned something. Thanks
I would like to make some corrections and say some fun facts:
It is thought that basque was spoken from La Rioja (south of the actual limit of the basque autonomous community) to Toulouse in France.
15:03, it isn't "egiteko", which means to do "for", as the reason; it is egin with means to do, in infinitive
The first ever text written in spanish ( Castilian) was wrote in a town in northern Burgos (Castille and Leon) very near the actual BAC, and had some corrections made in basque.
It is thought that Spanish borrowed the basque 5 vowel phonology, apart from many words (izquierda from ezkerra meaning left and others)
Other than this very good video!!
Now in Asturias, the Asturian is in debate for his co-official status and it is expected that it will soon become an official language. Also Aragon is promoting now Aragonese more than ever so it's interesting tp see the changes
What's required for that to happen?
Hopefully not
@@elporrovegano why
@@luizmatthew1019 Because then, the new languages will oppress the Spanish-speakers, like in Catalonia, Basque and Galicia. Spain is a mess and it's breaking because if the damn anti-Spanish nationalists.
@@elporrovegano oh boo hoo. I'm so sorry Castilians will have to suffer in learning the local native language of regions they've historically suppressed
Hello there, what Adjectives in the English language have weird etymological origins??
Like Cannibal, Alcoholic, etc
Thanks for motivating me to figure out how to down-sample stereo to mono so my half-broken headphones don't make me miss things
Man I like your channel!
Could you do one on the languages of France?
Thanks for spreading word of our language, asturian, but there are some minor mistakes with the third example. It is "Fai un cutu que corta'l mexu, escarabaya'l pelleyu y xela'l mocu". Again, thanks for talking about asturian.
Entiendes el aragonés?
@@RaulGonzalez-xt1kx Bono, nun falo aragonés pero pueo pescancialu. Asturianu y aragonés son mui asemeyaos en realidá.
@@Andres-vg1wy son mui parecidos
Estaría bien que fuese la quinta lengua oficial de España. Pelead por ello.
Great video!
From an asturian speaker
Good video mate . Brw basque is a vividly demonstration what old Iberian people was like .