CATALAN VS SPANISH | WHAT THEY SOUND LIKE (LANGUAGE COMPARISON)
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- čas přidán 2. 06. 2024
- In this video, you'll learn about Catalan Vs Spanish, including the similarities and differences between these two beautiful languages. A common misconception is that Catalan is a dialect of Spanish. This is not the case!
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Let me know what you think in the comments below.
I'll show you:
0:00 Intro
1:10 What Spanish Sounds Like
1:40 What Catalan Sounds Like
2:40 What You'll Learn
2:57 Spanish/Castellano
4:04 Catalan
5:08 Linguistic Similarities & Differences
08:54 The Present Tense in Catalan and Spanish
09:36 Tense Usage in Catalan and Spanish
10:26 Common nouns in Catalan and Spanish
11:03 Common Greetings in both Languages
11:51 FAQs About Catalan, French & Spanish
13:45 Summing Up!
Be polite! If I make a mistake, it's not deliberate. Let's support language enthusiasts and linguists, not criticise them :)
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Congrats for this video! Thank you! Just wanted to say that in Catalan, though many Catalan speakers will say today "està a la cadira", that's wrong, loaned from Spanish. In good Catalan we say "és a la cadira". To refer to the whereabouts of people or things, and even to timeframes, we use the verb "ser", not "estar". "Ser" is used to mean what things are or where they stand (in space or time). "Estar" is used to mean the state or condition they are in, or how they stand in the context of circumstances. One says "sóc aquí" or "som divendres", meaning I am here and it is Friday (we are on Friday, literally), using "ser". And we say "estic content" or "està bé" to mean I am happy and it's OK/this is good, using "estar".
It's normal that you got it wrong because nowadays, especially around Barcelona, many Catalan speakers will say it wrong. ;)
@@nomcognom2414 That is some seriously great insight! Thank you so much sharing! And I’m glad you liked the video 😊 Are you able to share any differences when it comes to the differences in spoken Catalan between Catalonia vs Andorra vs the Balearics?
@@Lingua-Focus , if Catalonia refers to "Catalonia proper", i.e. the old Principality of Catalonia, which was ruled from Barcelona (and here I refer to Parliament, not the king), two main dialects are spoken, known as western and eastern. Western Catalan is spoken from Andorra down to the county of Carxe, in the province of Murcia, to the south of the region of Valencia (outside of it). Eastern Catalan is spoken from Salses (today part of France) down the Mediterranean coast to the Ebre river, more or less, all islands included. But there are subdialects, for each Balearic island and for l'Alguer in Sardinia, and while the written language is very much the same, some accents (together with small differences in vocabulary and expressions) can be strong enough for a person from, say, Barcelona, to miss a good deal of conversations between local people. But that used to be more the case in the past. Over the last decades, two factors made it easier for mainland Catalans to understand Catalan in the Balearics. One reason is that Balearic people have had more exposure to mainland Catalan, and will often adjust to it. The other reason is a lot worse: Catalan in general being kept by the Spanish legal/political frame in a subordinate position (very deliberately, to undermine it), it has continued to be constantly eroded by Spanish. Catalan may be official today, unlike before 1978-79 (under the Spanish constitution and the Catalan statute of "autonomy"), but the fact is that, while a lot more people learn it at school and understand it, fewer actually speak it in everyday life or at home, and they speak it ever worse. There has been significant degradation of the language: Catalan phonetics, vocabulary, expressions, use of pronouns and even syntax are increasingly replaced by those of Spanish. This, which is slowly killing our language, happens to make it easier for a Catalan speaker from Barcelona to understand one from Menorca or Mallorca.
Nice video! Thank you for making a video about catalan.
Just a few things to have in mind:
- Yes, we usually say "merci" in catalan as in French, but here only in informal situations and it comes from the formal expression "moltes mercès" which means "thank you very much" in an old formal way.
- Spanish "CH" and catalan "X" despite being used in similar words, they have different pronunctiation. Spanish "CH" is stronger than the catalan "X" they are different phonetic sounds.
And something, probably more advanced than the video was aiming for, I think is missing:
- The *vowels*. In Spanish there are 5 vowels (a, e, i, o, u) accented depending on the word if needed. In catalan we have depending on the dialect 7 or 8 vowels. We have "a, e, i, o, u" but "e" and "o" can be open or closed, when accented it's easy to differentiate one with the other, but when it isn't accented can be hard for non native speakers. Accented vowels would be like this: "à, è, é, í, ò, ó, ú". In some dialects, such as the one spoken in Barcelona and Girona, we have the "vocal neutra", this means that an "e" and an "a" in atonic position transforms into a "vocal neutra" it is literally a mix between an "a" and an "e" but if you are not native speaker it is better to pronounce only "a" if you are in a place where this dialect exists or pronounce it like an "e" if you are in a place where they don't speak this dialect.
- The "sonorous s" and the "deaf s", they are different phonetic sounds:
· If a words has only one "S" between two vowels, a word finishes with "sió", finishes with "si", finishes with "esa", and words that finishes with "vowel+s" *AND* the next word starts with vowel. Then this is a *sonorous s*
· Letter "Z" is pronounced as a *sonorous s*
· If a word starts with "S", a word has an "S" between at least one consonant, and a word has an "S" at the end (unless if the next word starts with a vowel) . Then this is a *deaf s*
· Letters "C" (before "e" and "i"), "Ç" (before "a", "o", "u" or at the end of a word), and "SS" (double S) are always pronounced as a *deaf s*
Sorry for all the text and for all my mistakes in English, hope it is useful, and again thank you very much for this video. There's still people that thinks that catalan is a dialect, even in Spain, so thanks! :)
It's great to see people interested in catalan ✨
Don't forget that Catalan is also spoken in l'Alguer (Alghero) in Sardinia too!
Thank you!
@@Lingua-Focus de res!
Really? I want to go to Sardinia, am I better to learning some Catalan instead of Italian before I go? Thanks
@@Paul-zj2qrabsolutely not. Alguerès (Catalan) is spoken by a limited number (usually older generations) of people in the city of Alghero only.
Catalan is an occitano-romance language, separated from the sub-group of Castilian and Portuguese. This means that Catalan is closer to Aragonese and Aranese (Occitan) than it is to Spanish. Those languages have more sounds and pronunciations than Spanish does, such as the accents: in spanish there are only closed accents (á, é, í, ó, ú) while Catalan has both open and closed accents in letters e and o (è, é; ò, ó), only open for a (à) and only closed for u and i (ú, í).
It also has dieresis in the u and the, which is these two dots: ï, ü.
Another characteristic is the letter "l·l" in catalan, which is pronounced like a long "L"
Catalan is also closer to French than to Spanish.
hey!, as a Valencia speaker (The variety of catalan spoken in Valencia) Great video!, but i'd like to add some litle things!
First of all, it is true that in most areas of catalonia and in the balearic islands catalan is less phonetic as some vowels may neutralize and some consonants may not be pronounced, but this is not true with the western dialects, there, all letters are pronuounced and always the same way. The only exception would be the use of open vowels, those may not be clear when you read the word so you will need to hear it first to know if the word uses an open or close vowel.
Also, the simple past is used on Valencia, (I don't really know if its used on other western catalan dialects aswell.) We usually combine both past simple and periphrastic in order to avoid repetition, for example (There is no meaning diference with those forms of past btw):
Ahir vaig anar a la platja i em trobí amb l'Arnau.
(Yesterday I went to the beach and saw Arnau)
Also is great to know that on the balearic islands, (In most of the region), they also use diferent articles to words, when a catalan speaker from the penynsula may say: El/La/els/les they may say Es/Sa/Es/Ses.
Im sorry if the comment may be a little confusing, english is my 3rd language and im just learning it ^^'.
I loved your comment! Thank you for teaching me something new! 🙌🏻
The past simple is only used in apitxat mate, I shoud know since I´m from la Costera and i never use it. I even find it really funny when I hear it!
@@JoeSmith-wr7miYou may be right there, im not from an apitxat zone, but i'm close enought for some traits coming from apitxat to mix.
@@cinda1232 Si, a la zona de Sueca i Cullera encara que parlem Meridional compartim molts trets amb l'apitxat per proximitat.
Great video from a channel that's so new. Great job an keep on doing them! Hope you do great on this platform.
As a Catalan myself I love seeing content about our language and people getting to know it more deeply.
If there is somebody who wants to learn more, there's a Spanish channel called Linguriosa which explains a lot of differences between Spanish dialects and between Spanish and Catalan
Thank you!
Bro this is my first time on your channel and I went to the comments expecting them to be full of people given the quality of your videos! Amazed at how good these are for such a new channel. Keep it up bro KA PAI, from Aotearoa NZ
Thank you so much! That means a lot!
I have actually managed to understand a decent amount of Catalan when watching shows in Catalan. I am fluent in Spanish due to my family and can speak some french as well. It feels like my knowledge in both those languages makes it easier to understand Catalan, along with context of course.
You forgot that Catalan is spoken in Rosselló (unless you consider that “Catalonia” already includes it, in which case you're based AF), and l'Alguer in Sardinia.
The ending for infinitive verbs in Catalan are -ar, -re/-er, -ir.
We never use the simple past tense orally, always the periphrastic, and only in formal written texts. Other common tenses used for past include “Perfet”, “Imperfet” and “Plusquamperfet”.
“Merci” (informal) / “(moltes) mercès” (formal) can also be used to say “gràcies”.
Simple past is usually used here in València, more precisely in the Xúquer area, and we use both periphrastic and simple to avoid confusion and repetition. People that aren't used to it say that we speak like Tirant sometimes, I find it funny.
@@cister4708 well, it's rather fitting considering that Joanot Martorell, author of Tirant lo Blanc, was a Valencian knight.
Living for your video editing and visuals 🤣 I stayed bc I was entertained and actually learned a lot 👏🏼
And here I was thinking you were here for the informational content, MegaLara!
Excellent video again! I love how Catalan sounds and I'm glad you're exploring it.
Thank you!
Great job, I bet you'll get a thousand subs before the year ends :).
Also, a video of Galician vs Spanish or Asturian vs Spanish would be awesome to see in a future.
Noted! Thanks so much and I'm glad you enjoyed the video :)
Soy nativo del Español y tambien hablo Italiano
Encuentro tambien esa similtud de vocabulario con el Italiano
Hablar / Parlar / Parlare
Comer / Menjar / Mangiare
Pajaro / Ocell / Uccello
Ciudad / Ciutat / Cità
Tambien se que estas palabras son muy similares con el Frances, pero si no tuviera conocimiento del Italiano (o Frances) siento que me hubiera costado mas entender estas palabras, no conosco del todo el Catalan ni el Frances, aunque el Frances es el siguiente idioma de mi lista
El Catalan tendra muchisimas similitudes con el Español, y si nos resulta bastante comprensible pero no tanto como el Portugues, Gallego o otras lenguas de España como el Asturleones o Aragones
por que viene de otra familia, igual que el occitano, y como que parece estar entre todas las lenguas romances, igual que fuego se dice foc en catalán y rumano.
Per nautre tamben si dì Parla, mangia e ciutat ò cieutat.
Intriguing. Couldn't tell the difference between the two as much as I hoped. Would've been quite amusing if you attempted to butcher Catalan. Was pleasantly surprised picking up the common French vocab. Still waiting on that video showing the different French accents James!
I like catalan, I always see or sometimes hear the mallorquin version of it when on hollyday to Mallorca.
It’s a beautiful language and one I’d love to learn 😊 thank you for watching!
ty :)
Are you un Madrid? Do u have fan meetup? I will be there from 28th October onwards.
Hi. I loved your video.
I wanted to tell you.. (I'm not catalan but spanish thou) and I noticed there's something tiny you should correct about your catalan pronounciation..
As you know spanish you must know in most cases spanish vowels have only one pronounciation, our five vowels and five sounds. But in catalan the "e" can be pronounced as the spanish "e" indeed, but also like a spanish "a".
When you said "parles" in catalan, you said parlEs instead of parlas, that (what you did, would be more like the valencian pronounciation they would make of that word) same with the 'El' article.
You're doing great. I'm sure soon you will know where to pronounce /a/ or /e/ when you see an "e".
I am a Colombian teacher and with your videos, I practice my listening skill in English and learn about my mother language.. Cool!
😅
Awesome 😊 I’m glad you enjoy the content!
Don' t be shame to speak catalan, you doe it very well.
The only way to lear a language is not to be afrait to mske mistakes.no body is is perfect!
In Portugal, there are loads of uber etc drivers that don't speak portuguese well, so it's easier for them to communicate in english. Not sure if it's the same in Spain.
O nivel xeral en inglés na España é bastante baixo; ou sexa que falar inglés non garantiza a comunicación en absoluto, ou sexa que a maioría de contuctores do Über tenden a falar castelán básico e inglés nas cidades máis turísticas.
In Andorra, Catalan is the official language (along with French). Andorra is the only country in the world where Catalan is the official language.
I would say that there are more words in Catalan that are similar to Italian than French.
Castilian (as they call Spanish in Catalonia) is as similar to Catalan as it is with Portuguese.
Catalan is basically something like 60% Spanish with some changed letters, 35% Occitan and 5% French. A border language like many in Europe, but in this case it has been considered an official language.
Im tempted to learn Catalan it's like a cross between Spanish, French and italian to me
Imagina um diálogo ítalo-catalão....
- Ciao, amico! Parl'italiano ?
- Parlo català, amic! No parlo italià.
Imagina a surpresa do italiano. (alguns italianos desconhecem o catalão)
Or parler =( catalan)=
parlar mangar,trobar, )manger,parler..
Espanish)=hablar,comer,encontrar..
Catalan es mai üna lenga de transission ambe relassion au munde gallo roman che lu Castillan.
Ma per cauchi rasun es estrange che Catalan ha relassion toplen ambe dialet don la riviera ligüre comensa .
E autri lenga d' Italia dòu nord.
Ma capissi che per tu es mai diffisile che Castillan, ma per mi capissi migliu. lu Catalan
Me ricordo 'd ti! Son d'accòrd ch'al catalan l'é tanta simil a lè lenghe nòrde d'Itàlia. À spréndo 'n pò 'd piemontèis.🙂
És molt similar el teu dialecte amb el català i el puc entendre molt bé.
@@angyliv8040 A son dresén â trë-deśe linghe diferënt dal Latin ën Italià. Le lenghe dl nòrd han pi che ulte còmn co 'l catalan😁
El català, l'occità i algunes llengües italianes són molt properes i, de fet, conformen un univers cultural que em sembla comú. Si anessim enrere un o dos segles tan sols, viatjant per tota la regió, tindriem la percepció d'una mateixa cultura i d'un mateix país, essencialment. Hauria pogut ser, tot plegat, una gran nació europea, però no va anar així. Vam quedar esquarterats entre uns altres estats, amb altres centres de gravetat, que han acabat desfent en gran mesura la nostra cultura i allunyant-nos.
@@nomcognom2414 Occitan e catalan son moit interessants. À studià un pò de catalan e m'a ajudà tant a cavéndeme co Piemontèis.😌
Romanian is the only Romance language that shares Slavic roots such as Russian for example, the other ones all came from Vulgar Latin which makes Romanian a distant language from the rest of the Romance languages.
French is also a distant language from the rest of the Romance languages
@@lizsalazar7931 There's an interesting story to how all of these languages were developed, quite amazing.
It doesn't have slavic roots from what I've read. It has slavic loan words and, arguably, some grammatical features. Its roots are latin and/or dacian.
@@robertsoslow733 Because of it’s location in Eastern Europe. It has influence from the South Slavic languages.
Una persona que parla espanyol i italià pot entendre el català.
"almendra" is not from Arabic.
Catalan is closer to Provencal (maybe even French) than to Castilian Spanish
no creguis, el catala i el castella s'entenen molt facilment, com catala no entenc res de frances
@@jev1l El provençal (occità) i el català eren en origen la mateixa llengua, tinc entès. De fet, si escoltes occità avui ben parlat (sense accent francès) et semblarà català amb diferencès de vocabulari. Són molt molt similars. El castellà d'altra banda avui té similituts però més que res per raons polítiques (de dominació cultural i substitució lingüística).
@@hereter3546 aixo si, pero considerant que el occita esta molt afrancesat (lo mateix amb el catala q está castellanitzat) tenen mes similituts amb les llengues que l'influencien
@@hereter3546 aleshores el català es provençal, diferent nom per a la mateixa llengua. Ara, ets en contra, imagino. Però ben bé segur estic què quan algú boti amb valencià diràs just el contrari. Ah! L'hipocresia! 😂😂😂
@@jev1l Depèn de qui agafis com a referència. Si em prens a mi com a exemple, que m'he escolaritzat a Catalunya, he crescut en ambients catalanoparlants i he consumit llibres i oci en català, i a més m'esforço en parlar un bon català, no trobaràs gaires influències del castella en l'idioma. Per això l'occità jo el sento com una llengua germana del català, clarament la llengua mes propera al català. Ara, si agafes a castellanoparlants que no parlen mai català i quan ho fan parlen catanyol, llavors esclar que trobaràs moltes similituts amb el castellà. Sigui com sigui, t'aconsello com facis un cop d'ull a videos en occità per youtube i veuràs tu mateix que sembla català.
Did you know that Catalan is more related to French than to Spanish?
Catalão às vezes se parece mais com italiano que espanhol,..,..
exemplo... parlar, menjar, trobar, finestra, arribar, demà... etc.
Matí, taula, portar, formatge, blau, genoll, gola, cor, encara, malaltia, veritat... Valencian variety has even more with words such as eixir (uscire), vegada/volta (volta)..
It's not "spanish vs catalan" it's “castilian vs catalan" both languages are spanish because they come from spain.
Thanks Leo. Unfortunately 'Castilian vs Catalan' is only searched 250 times p/month. The term 'Catalan vs Spanish' on the other hand, is searched 6,000+ times p/month worldwide. Had I opted for your preferred search term, you probably wouldn't have even been shown this video by the algorithm.
@@Lingua-Focus I totally understand you. Thx for your reply.
No worries Leo, thanks for engaging with my content. Wishing you all the best :)@@leovigildrekkared8702
Not really, @leovigildrekkared8702. You are right to say that Spanish is in fact Castilian, since Spanish is just how it started to be called internationally during the 17th century, at the height of the "Spanish Empire", which was in fact the empire of Castile. But neither Castilian, nor Catalan, were born in Spain. If you take Spain to mean a state, a country, it only exists since the early 19th century, when the various Crowns (kingdoms, principalities, etc.) were superseded by the new Kingdom of Spain, unilaterally established by Castilians, who had wanted to achieve a uniform nation-state since the 17th century, where everybody would have to speak Castilian and abide by Castile's law. But if one speaks of Spain in its old, original sense, of the Iberian Peninsula (or Roman Hispania), i.e. a geographic rather than ethnic concept, then Catalan was not born south of the Pyrenees, but rather across them, on either side. Catalan always saddled the mountain range in the east, just as Basque saddled it to the west.
Catalan is extremely close, largely mutually intelligible, with Occitan, to the point that Catalan was long considered an Occitan dialect. It is not, but they are sister languages, really, and had not France prevailed over Catalonia militarily in the region (after Muret, in 1213), it is very likely that Occitan and Catalan would have merged and given rise to a single nation-state. The culture is just so similar! And depending on which Occitan dialect you pick, you would not distinguish it from Catalan. Most native speakers from the past would have assumed to be speaking differents forms of the same language.
Castilian was born out of the Kingdom of Leon. It is different from Asturleonese, mostly due to the influence from two other non-romance languages: Basque and Arabic. In this respect, Castilian, French, and Romanian, are outliers, all having received much influence from non-romance languages, which is clearly reflected in their phonetics and/or vocabulary.
yes, only galician is born in spain, thanks
So...umm...are you single?
El francés i el català no són intel·ligibles! Soc estudiant de català i ningú entén el francés sense una exposició i uns estudis previs a la llengua francesa.
Si llegeixo en francès puc entendre bastant o la majoria. De totes formes, ell ha dit el mateix que tu. 😂
De mon point de vue de français, le catalan parlé ne m'est pas intelligible. En revanche je dois comprendre à 80 ou 90 % le catalan écrit (sans aucun apprentissage). Par exemple dans votre échange tout m'est très clair jusqu'à l'énigmatique "mateix" de la dernière phrase.
@@jojolepoissonrouge8286 mateix (pron. [matéch]) = même; crec que la intercomprensió per parlants de català vers el francès és més o menys la mateixa que en l'altra direcció. Gairebé nul·la en el parlat i bastant alta en l'escrita. Encara que molta gent que no ha tingut exposició al francès escrit diuen que no l'entenen.
Definitivament el francès parlat és gairebé impossible d'entendre a no ser que el sàpigues parlar. Però això és perquè la fonètica és molt diferent. Quan el llegeixes, és bastant més fàcil de comprendre.
@@jojolepoissonrouge8286 Sauf que le Catalan, l'Occitan, le Provençal, le Piémontais, le Gênois, le Sicilien, le Nissart...étaient toutes des langues qui existaient avant que la langue française soit vraiment séparée de la langue romane.
C'est les Troubadours dans un rayon côtier de la Catalogne à l'Italie qui ont influencés les Trouvères, copies des troubadours en langue française.
Ça à lancé la grande littérature italienne, influencé l'espagnole et la portuguaise.
Donc si il ya des similitudes, c'est normal.
Du fait que de la Catalogne à l'Italie du nord nous sommes tous gallo romans.
Le français est aussi une langue gallo romane, même si d'Oil avec une influence germanique plus prononcé.
Mais les langues du nord méditerranéens ( pour centrer la question sur un point particulier ) sont en quelque sorte, de la langue romane.
Avec un aspect de diglossie qu'on retrouve dans les autres langues latines occidentales, et notamment un lien beaucoup plus fluide avec le monde ibérique et italique.
C'est bien plus probable que le français ai pris des mots du Catalan que l'inverse.
Surtout que les similitudes en question on les trouves aussi en Italien.
Menjar, tout ça en français bien sûr, manger.
Mais en Italien, mangiare.
En occitan / provençal, manja .
Dans le monde plus ligurien dont la transition et le début s'effectue à Nissa , mangia ...
En Corse aussi manghja..
Si us plau , chez nous c'est se vau' plas, ou se ti plas, puis S'il vous plait
Ce qu'ils disent " Si llegeixo".
Si je lis.
Mais en italien lire, c'est Leggere.
Leur exemples sont en effet assez compréhensible en français, mais si c'est d'autres formulations je ne suis pas sûr.
Cadira....em português... cadeira.... as 2 palavras tem a mesma origem das palavras cátedra e catedral. Porque a catedral é o abrigo da cátedra (silla) do bispo.
Ciutat parece uma mescla de ciudad (esp) e città(ita)
Catalan is like French + Italian
Almendra doesn't come from Arab! It comes from Greek through Latin.
Instagram?