The Cartwheel Galaxy | Space is Weird
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- čas přidán 30. 07. 2019
- Another #spaceisweird all about how we think the Cartwheel Galaxy formed - similar to Hoag's Object it has a ring but also these strange spokes going from the middle to the ring that we can't quite explain with the usual collision of two galaxies idea...
Oh and somehow we end up talking about Intermedia Mass Black Holes because the Cartwheel galaxy is an excellent place to look for them. I don't mean for all my videos to end up talking about black holes you know but they're JUST. SO. COOL.
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Prestwich et al. (2012) - arxiv.org/pdf/1212.1124.pdf
PIzzolato et al. (2010) - academic.oup.com/mnras/articl...
Zwart & McMillan (2002) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/020105...
More on primordial intermediate black holes from Clesse & García-Bellido: arxiv.org/abs/1501.07565
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My new book 'Space: The 10 Things You Should Know' is coming out September 5th in the UK! You can pre-order it from amazon here (UK only; more details to follow on worldwide release dates): bit.ly/SpaceDrBecky
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My sister made the frame in the background as a present when I passed my PhD. It's not a real certificate. It's a decorative frame in my office which I love. My sister does commissions: megansmethurstdesign.wordpres...
We're moving house soon so I'm hoping to get more prints to decorate my new office!
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Dr Becky Smethurst is an astrophysicist researching galaxies and supermassive black holes at Christ Church at the University of Oxford.
drbecky.uk.com - Věda a technologie
Smethurst's Law (or Smethurst's rule of astronomical discussions): "As an astronomical or cosmological discussion grows longer, the probability of fixating on black holes approaches 1"
This is a fine law to live by, if you ask me! I find it to be true in many of my astronomical conversations as well.
😂 I love this! And I’ve always wanted a named rule
@Idiot Online Wondering Aloud 6:41. Written accretion spotted... Ladies and Gentlemen, take your shots!
Well, aren't Black Holes at the center of everything anyway ?
"Smethurst's rule of astronomical discussions", that's "SRAD"! (Or S'rad, to make it more rad?)
I have never thought about what LIGO is sensitive to. That would make for an interesting video Dr. Becky.
+1
Ditto
Ligo is sensitive to comments about its size. Please refrain from making smart comments about kilometers in its presence.
@@WhiteCollarCrimeDNB =D
And I bet there isn't a video on it already so would be a valuable addition to the subject.
LIGO is very fascinating, so yes, please do a video (or ten) on it.
Of all my friends I'm the only astronomy-nerd. I believe part of the reason I like Dr. Becky-vids is they're like intermittent conversations I can (sort of) have with a surrogate astronomy pal.
An astronomy pal who's incredibly more educated than me.
Never a chore, doctor.
Nobody's going to mention how great that photo of Fritz Zwicky was?
Zwicky was underrated, both as a theorist and an observer. That was because he had a very, very bad mood all the time and hated to communicate with people. He was the opposite in character of Dr. Becky. But his scientific work was excellent. But because of his character, his colleagues did not really apreciate his work.
@@ronaldderooij1774 And he coined the term the "big bang" in a radio show, if I remember correctly. He was a firm believer in the static universe model.
Or Frtiz, as his friends call him ;-)
Ronald de Rooij . I understand Fritz Zwicky was the first to raise questions on how observed galaxies can spin so fast and not fly apart, postulating what is now referred to dark matter. No one took his ideas seriously until the 1970s.
@@petercarlson811 I believe it was Fred Hoyle that did that, remembered it from a documentary and just double checked on google...
Also, for what it's worth, my favorite galaxy is the Black Eye Galaxy.
I'm fascinated by galaxy morphology (the computer simulation in this vid of the Cartwheel was pretty amazing), and the enormous, charcoal dust lanes of The Black Eye Galaxy create quite a distinct contrast against the light shining out from its core. You really get a sense of the depth and thickness of all the material cascading around. It looks, even sort of "feels", like something you could dive deep down into. I find it beautiful.
I very much identify with what Dr. Becky says in this vid- I could stare at The Black Eye Galaxy all day.
"Let me know" ... Honestly, I'm perfectly happy to listen to you discuss literally anything about which you're passionate.
Yes, please. A video on LIGO would be fantastic.
Thank you for sharing this information.
One dislike on the video is from the poor old Penguin Galaxy
Wasn't me, though I wouldn't mind a galaxy full of penguins. ;)
I did like the video - but was just being a clown with my comment :)
Fantastic video as always! 👍
I think I'm quixotically in love. Don't ever stop making space videos.
Lots of reading and prep gone into your videos. I appreciate this.
Glad to hear it Denis 👍thanks for watching!
Love your enthusiasm
Love your videos Dr Becky, you are always so enthusiastic.
Congrats on 40K subs!
Your post videos of your goofs are very entertaining. Oh, yeah, you're very good at presenting the material, too.
Hi, Dr. Becky! As a long-time complete amateur, I love blue stars. You, the astronomer, are fascinated by black holes. The Cartwheel Galaxy has a lot to offer to both of us! :-D
Thank you for explaining this amazing galaxy. I like the way you present science.
Martin, geologist
I love these videos so much
I'm sure whatever you choose to talk about will be interesting. Talk about what excites you and it'll be exciting to watch. So def make a vid on ligo and its detection frequencies if you like the topic :)
Enjoy your personality that comes across on this technical topic...especially the out takes...haha...Good job!
The examples you bring are excellent and are helping allot, to understand the lecture...
Thanks
Lovely presentation.
Thank you Dr Becky for your insight into the cartwheel galaxy!! I found it very interesting and very timely. Astrophysics is such a dynamic field of study, it's only by programs like yours the ordinary person can get a sense of understanding for current studies. Besides that, you are fun to watch and I get a kick of your song references. Thanks again, your friend in New Mexico, Kim.
I learn so much because in transfixed on every word you say. Thanks
"Delta of 50kly - SLIGHTLY biggger" astronomy is trippy xD
love your content.... immediately subbed ........ science soothes my mind..
IT's great watching in the past, Dr. Becky.
Cant wait for the next week video
There’s nothing wrong with being fascinated by black holes as they are pretty amazing. Besides, your fascination and love for astronomy and physics is an integral part of what makes you so enjoyable to watch - you really love your work and that enthusiasm is very attractive (and now we are circling back to black holes...). Don’t ever lose that love and fascination!
I would love to see more about LIGO and how it works and what it's sensitive to. I always learn a lot from your videos and I would love to learn more. Thanks for your great work!
That is a really cool looking galaxy. Great video Dr. Becky thanks for sharing
These time scales are so vast, it's almost unfathomable. It's fascinating that we can know these things; that we can be so resourceful in our methods of investigation.
I agree with Joseph below. Thanks for making the field fun to listen to!
Out takes.... Love them🤪🤪 yep more on ligo please👍
Love you Becky, I can't help but talk about black holes too if they come up in conversation, they're so amazing and so weird!
In a way, everything revolves around black holes.
What a beautiful looking galaxy, amazing.
This video needs to be updated now that the JWST has imaged its own version of the Cartwheel Galaxy.
Thank you for sharing the knowledge, I love your vids! The thing that freaks me out the most is that all the things our telescopes see today happened thousands of years ago 😱
Another good video,
I honestly didn't even know any of this.
Love the enthusiasm you nerd 🤩
That is fricken cool Dr Becky, 🙂
Yes please! I’d love to hear a LIGO sensitivity video!
You deserve much more subscribers
LoL - liked it for the thumbnail alone!
This is the circus galaxy. It is fit for individuals such as myself
Yaaay for a LIGO video.
Ligo video? Yes, please!
I "like" this video even before watching it because I know I'm going to learn something.
And Dr. Becky didn't disappoint.
I just subscribed and now I'm waiting for the Cart _man_ Galaxy!! (A SLOBular Cluster?? ;~)
Questions regarding the merger of black holes:
1. Do the two stop orbiting and fall towards each other when their event horizons touch, or when the overlap is big enough for the one of the black holes to fall within the event horizon of the other?
2. If the latter, what is the physics of the space inside the overlap?
3. Do the event horizons have "tides?" (Does the presence of another black hole distort spacetime, resulting in a non-spherical event horizon?)
Yes!! I'd love for you to make a video about LIGO!!
Would love to hear about what LIGO is sensitive to, as well as what future upgrades might be sensitive to and what questions that would help answer
LIGO sensitivities video please. Also thank u for all the good videos.
Ring galaxies are my favorite. Every one is so beautiful.
Fabulous description, Dr. Bex. It conjures up one of those ultra-slow-motion videos of an apple exploding as a bullet passes through it, with the Cartwheel as the apple and the companion as the bullet! Insufferable pedant alert: at 1:20, a bunsen flame is blue because of emission in the Swan bands due to C2 and CH ... it's not nearly hot enough to be blue in the black-body sense like OB stars. I'll shut up now. 🤐
Great vid! Are those accolades in the background? The resolution of the video is not quite enough to resolve the text.
Dr Becky, I'd like to ask if you could discuss Hawking radiation since the topic of black holes keeps being discussed in your channel. Thank you for your content!
Well, yes, please do a presentation with two black holes frolicking together...and a humongous elongated asteroid thrusting into their black area...
That's a wonderful merger...
Yup, do a vid on Ligo's sensitivity and, if you're up for it, include something about where we are in terms of the next generation of similar space-borne interferometers, since that will up the scale and the sensitivity. I know it's a cheeky ask, but it does lead back to black holes
Thank Dr. Becky for not having the heavy stuff on when you blow our minds with stellar nature.
And why arent magnetic fields talked about? Is it a given? Why is subject so dark?
Hotter things burn blue ... hmmm ... would explain your choice in colour for a shirt today ;)
Very much enjoy the videos, although I’d like to see more air drumming to Genesis in future videos.
Definitely do a video on what & why LIGO and other sensors can and cannot detect!
Yay, Dr B has posted 😃👌
A big yes to a video on Ligo!!! Please... :)
Dr. Becky. I love your videos and was checking out this one when I noticed you comparing side by side the Cartwheel with Hoag's Object. You showed them appearing the same apparent size even though the Cartwheel appears 3-4 times larger (1.1' x 0.9' to .28' x 2.8') . Just thought you should have noted that on the image or showed the Hoag's Object smaller in comparison, OR, showed their actual size on the image.
Are you going to be appearing or doing a book signing here across the pond anytime soon?
The Cartwheel Galaxy has always reminded me of a 'less vain' version of Hoag's object.
Dr, the universe isn't the only thing expanding rn
Hi , Dr Becky, thanks for the videos, they are very informative and fun to watch.
Could you tell us about how you think it would be our astronomy if andromeda had already collided with the Milky way?
ligo video for sure!
Presumably every smbh was intermediate at some point. 2 intermediate size holes instead of a single smbh would orbit each other rather than sit at the galaxy centre creating the centre and ring pattern. Our galaxy has a dominant smbh at its centre which is why we're a simple spiral like a hurricane.
One very interesting thing I notice when looking at the spectrum map is... the Cartwheel Galaxy doesn't appear to have a SMBH (no large X-Ray source) in it's own center, even though it does have a very large 'central bulge.' Has this been explained, by chance?
Video on LIGO, VIRGO and LISA, yes please! :-)
Loved the video! Glad I’ve found your channel, hung up on one concept however: if this galaxy is only 200 Million years old, how are we seeing it from 500 Million years away?... or is it just we’re seeing the 200 MYear version of it and it’s closer to 700? More importantly, are ALL references to an object’s age done in this same way, so that it’s pretty standard/implied?
More on LIGO? Yes please.
I sadly have to report a negative on my observations yesterday night. My camera was out of focus for the 9 minutes of integration time straight up, and only the remaining 5 minutes of a different framing were good. My mistake.
In a good 20 minutes of laying on a tiny road in a field I saw 2 bright and like 5-7 miniscule meteors. It's a little early for the Perseids as peak is 10 days away. But the seeing was great and also no moon.
I will attempt again in the next few days, as we are also running a 'long exposure' challenge on the photography Discord.
Video pears very grainy, and previous videos were not. There is digital amplification or higher ISO (in most cases sensor dac amplification).
So glad I noticed your post only two days ago, since you point out the "Perseids" is now a week hence, and I could have easily otherwise have ... ahem ... "spaced it" (sorry, hope you like a bad pun). When I lived out West, I used to love to go to the "Green River Intergalactic Spaceport" (I swear, that's the actual name), a remote mountain top landing strip in Wyoming, perfect for watching the Milky Way and meteors. At least we liked to believe it was in Wyoming, although I'll forever be convinced that if there is a wormhole to another galaxy, it was there. So MrVipitis, thank you for the heads up (literally), as now I know to have my camera and tripod at the ready next weekend. Cheers!
I love your videos and I love astronomy but my question is not about it:
you have such a beautiful voice, do you sing??? Where can I hear you singing?
The Worm is love. Gravity is desire.
Please do a video on gravitational wave detection. Not just the LIGO part of the spectrum but how we might detect the ultra long wavelengths from smbs. You didn't need me to ask 😁
What are those "pulses" in the ALMA observation?
Layman's question. Thinking of unique collisions etc. If you had a small black hole trapped between two other, much larger black holes, could the rule about 'nothing escapes' be broken? And what, in your opinion, would that material look like if it could be pulled apart and escape?
+Why are there no intermediate black holes? Dr. Becky, It seems to me that a young, clean accretion disk with full spin could have a maximum size limit because all mass above a certain threshold would be converted to plasma in the normal relativistic way, whereas a SMBH might not be able to muster as much spin, having done too many mergers ( having eaten too many donuts ), its rate of rotation compromised by random mergers. I think this is IC-1101's problem. Just a thought.
Also, perhaps the ring galaxies are the results of a sudden tremendous increase in TD at the core of the accretion disk caused by the sudden insertion of a great mass, causing a huge transient output. The fact that all stars in the ring are young and much the same age would be a clue. The fact that there are multiple pair of arms inside the ring would be another clue. Thanks for reading.
Great video!!
As a layman I would have thought ligo would have been sensitive to all gravitational waves, unless it's a size Vs frequency thing that a SMBH is outside of? Yes, would be very interested in a video 🙂
Hello! I really like your channel and the topics you cover. But there is one thing I wonder about and that’’s all the craters that you talk about in The planets and comets in your videos - how come they are all round in their shape are all round?!
czcams.com/video/BCGWGJOUjHY/video.html
Basically... Craters are formed by high energy events, that literally vaporizes the object, and that's why the ejecta forms circular shapes most of the time.
"Most of the time" because there are craters on the Moon that are not circular, just search for "moon oval craters"
How is the ring still so blue if it's 200 million years old? I was under the impression that the hottest, bluest stars tend to go supernova after a few tens of millions of years....
Also, I'd love to see you make a video about how a supernova gives rise to a black hole - including a bit of detail about how the shells of different fusion reactions and the shock waves contrive to both fling most of the star's matter outwards and overcome neutron degeneracy pressure to collapse the core into a black hole. Also, where do the neutrinos come from...
I’m down with a LIGO video!
of course we want you to tell us about LIGO's capabilities and sensitivities!!
I love watching your videos btw! also I have a quick question, when you said a galaxy was/wasn't "star bursty" could you explain what that means exactly? honest question!! I don't want it to seem like I'm poking fun lol. even if someone in the comments could clarify that would be cool.
It means that a galaxy could be forming stars at a steady rate (day the equivalent of one sun a year) but hasn’t had a big burst ever (making say 100 suns per year for a short period of time )
@@DrBecky oh gotchya! ok, I see. thanks for that, I appreciate it!
yes do a video about that
please
Would you do a video on S5-HVS1 Star that’s been shot out of our galaxy by Sag A*? What happens to Stars like this. Do they make it to other galaxies?
I bet so goes smiling again watching the new images nircam and MIRI. it shows again the awesome quality mostly i like the outer ring and more galaxies in background and most impressed by MIRI cause there in the right bottom the star i thought on nircam looks more like a black hole in that one. I can't wait for her reaction and insides on the new jwst picture
Do a collaboration with a car channel, you could talk about the constellation that the Subaru Logo is based on and how to find it - also you could explain orbital mechanics by having high performance cars doing drifting maneuvers. This is a great undiscovered channel deserves more views.👍
Allama Sadi yeah! With car throttle, Alex could double as host and the white dwarf 😀
That's the Pleiades star cluster, isn't it? aka "The Seven Sisters". Indeed, wikipedia concurs:
"Subaru is the Japanese name for the Pleiades star cluster M45, or the "Seven Sisters" (one of whom tradition says is invisible - hence only six stars in the Subaru logo), which in turn inspires the logo and alludes to the companies that merged to create FHI"
@@AthAthanasius that's correct☺
@@VolkerHett Definitely, I am sure Car Throttle viewers will enjoy a video like this.
I thought that LIGO would detect gravitational waves regardless of frequency. A video explaining why an observatory as LIGO have a limit in the frequencies, what frequencies LIGO is sensitive to and why those frequencies were selected would be great
if a black hole has no more material to acrete, what happens? does it require more matter to exist? could we see it if there was no accretion disk? Honestly I could watch a full length film of you just talking. I love this stuff. Thanks for doing it
Hi Dr Becky, love you videos! It would be really interesting for me if you would do a video on ligo with all the detail you can think of. I live less than a hundred miles from LIGO Livingston and intend a visit soon. I want to know as much as I can before I go in order to ask the right questions while there.
Yes make a video on what LIGO is sensitive to!
It's beautiful for sure but new data shows that the milky way is larger/bigger/wider than you said. Maybe something on that please. Looking forward to it
Could you do an episode on the Omega Centauri globular cluster. Or, Globular clusters in general. There like our closest galaxy neighbors, and they Interest me immensely. Ok, i could go to the library, but i'd like to know what I don't know... know what I mean? 🤨
Yes ligo sensitivity pls! So interesting thank you x
Yes - do a video on what LIGO can detect and cannot detect.
I figured it out the Hoags object is the same thing as a beluga whale blowing a bubble ring. The outer ring must be moving really fast towards or away from us. It’s interaction with nearby gases is analogous to the fluid dynamics of the beluga bubble ring. Dr.
It’d be great to have a LIGO video, but one about Hoag’s object too :)
Dr. Becky already did a video on Hoag's:
czcams.com/video/uE46_wuj7P0/video.html