Dr. Becky
Dr. Becky
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The "Axis of Evil" in the cosmic microwave background | Unsolved Mystery
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There's a strange, unexplained feature of the Cosmic Microwave Background which seems to be aligned with the Solar System, and we don't why. Is it real or just a coincidence? And if it is real, does that mean we're missing something from our best cosmological model of the Universe? #cosmology #astrophysics
Bennett et al. (2003; announce WMAP maps and results) - iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/377253/pdf
Eriksen et al. (2004; anisotropies in quadrupole and octupole) - iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/382267/pdf
Land & Magueijo (2005; dub “axis of evil”) - journals.aps.org/prl/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.071301
For a recent review of the tensions and anomalies in cosmology and the Cosmic Microwave Background see: - arxiv.org/pdf/2203.06142.pdf (p.99 for the axis of evil)
00:00 - Introduction
02:49 - What is the cosmic microwave background?
05:13 - What are "multipoles" in the CMB?
07:34 - What is the "axis of evil"?
08:42 - Possible explanations - it's not real
11:00 - Possible explanations - it is real
13:38 - Bloopers
Video filmed on a Sony ⍺7 IV
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👩🏽‍💻 I'm Dr. Becky Smethurst, an astrophysicist at the University of Oxford (Christ Church). I love making videos about science with an unnatural level of enthusiasm. I like to focus on how we know things, not just what we know. And especially, the things we still don't know. If you've ever wondered about something in space and couldn't find an answer online - you can ask me! My day job is to do research into how supermassive black holes can affect the galaxies that they live in. In particular, I look at whether the energy output from the disk of material orbiting around a growing supermassive black hole can stop a galaxy from forming stars.
drbecky.uk.com
rebeccasmethurst.co.uk
zhlédnutí: 29 301

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Komentáře

  • @TheSpaceEnthusiast-vl6wx
    @TheSpaceEnthusiast-vl6wx Před 2 minutami

    Thanks for covering this Dr. Becky. Ever since I read it a few years ago, this mystery has piqued my interest.

  • @theblackavenger72
    @theblackavenger72 Před 2 minutami

    Is this a bigger coincidence than nearly perfect solar eclipses?

  • @sandplay2
    @sandplay2 Před 4 minutami

    A hot mystery,... telling us about another mystery

  • @fedfraud.protection.servic2557

    Isn't the CMBR being displayed on a simple homolographic projection here? Maybe the axis is an artifact of Earth's rotation? Does it tilt 26°?

  • @tenesto
    @tenesto Před 5 minutami

    whats the car in the background?

  • @jamesgreenler8225
    @jamesgreenler8225 Před 5 minutami

    Oh no , theres more than just one thing missing. If we knew everything we would not be having any controversy. Keep up the good work.

  • @ZelosPhotizo
    @ZelosPhotizo Před 10 minutami

    [Gen 1:1 KJV] 1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. [Psa 19:1 KJV] 1 [[To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.]] The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork. [Rom 1:20 KJV] 20 For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, [even] his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse: All Glory to Christ Jesus! I love seeing these reports and the work going on in this space.

  • @Yumari-Mai
    @Yumari-Mai Před 11 minutami

    Signs the petition for a follow-up video about those tens of little problems that seem to be in the way of gravitational lensing explanation.

  • @mrhassell
    @mrhassell Před 11 minutami

    When man finally gets to the nearest local exoplanet, only to find Dinosaurs! 😁

  • @Kahvalier
    @Kahvalier Před 11 minutami

    Multipole......Leeloo Dallas Multipole

  • @elliotsmith9812
    @elliotsmith9812 Před 12 minutami

    Why can this not be an effect of the sun or galaxy on the microwave background? The Heilopause altering the microwave background?

  • @SavageRabbit666
    @SavageRabbit666 Před 13 minutami

    i once heard a hypothesis, that our universe is a 4 dimensional torus. that's all i remember of the hypothesis

  • @AlphaFoxDelta
    @AlphaFoxDelta Před 13 minutami

    Very cozy ☺️

  • @mikegraves3497
    @mikegraves3497 Před 15 minutami

    Point being our observable universe - beyond what we can observe is where the answers lie

  • @carmillachoate
    @carmillachoate Před 15 minutami

    Leeloo Dallas Multipoles

  • @disturb3dm3talh3ad
    @disturb3dm3talh3ad Před 15 minutami

    Love that Peugeot 9X8 model in the back (I'm assuming it's the lego model)

  • @erikawood68
    @erikawood68 Před 16 minutami

    Every point in space/Time is the centre of the universe...... end of!

  • @craigsetf
    @craigsetf Před 19 minutami

    These are very satisfying results! Its just reminding us how much we still don't understand. Its very exciting!🥳

  • @festerallday
    @festerallday Před 19 minutami

    We are the center of the universe. It's impossible to observe anything that would prove otherwise

  • @chadbaptiste4227
    @chadbaptiste4227 Před 20 minutami

    Something I’ve just thought about: is the light of the CMB itself just microwave radiation or has it “redshifted” into the microwave wavelength due to expansion and all that? What actually emitted the earliest photons once the universe cooled and became “transparent”?

  • @graemep.1316
    @graemep.1316 Před 21 minutou

    3:50 Oh wow so if we have to keep plodding along with their delusion we can tell them the primordial "plasma" goop was G-d saying "let there be light"?

  • @williammorton8555
    @williammorton8555 Před 22 minutami

    Could it be that everything did stat with a singularity? And that we are observing our motion away from that point? And the "Axis of evil? would be observed in every galaxy?

  • @jnhrtmn
    @jnhrtmn Před 23 minutami

    Radio astronomy is based on the fact that radio is not stopped by debris. Then explain why ALL Gamma Ray Bursts arrive here in order of wavelength with radio being a month late sometimes. Other things like FRBs and Pulsars have a descending wavelength effect also. If Gamma Ray Burst arrivals were known in the year 1900, no one would know who Einstein was. Relativity became the paradigm FIRST, so a paradigm rules over the truth.

  • @blackwoodbaritone
    @blackwoodbaritone Před 25 minutami

    There was actually a movie that covered this very issue called “The Principle” which covered the Cosmological Principle and how the Axis of Evil implies some kind of Geocentric orientation (obviously, even if it’s not “fashionable to use the taboo “g-word”) on the universe’s grandest scale, which was proposed by Tycho Brahe long ago. Unfortunately the movie was shot down by media outlets before it even really got off the ground. It was really funny seeing these top notch scientists admitting something scary about letting go of the principle despite empirical evidence undermining the dogma.

  • @buttonsdah5335
    @buttonsdah5335 Před 26 minutami

    We are a black hole and upon our creation a star was orbiting us elliptical

  • @naswinger
    @naswinger Před 27 minutami

    maybe it's ourselves from a previous iteration of the universe that imprinted this on the cmb when they triggered the formation of our universe. just kidding, but would be cool.

  • @amirpatel1934
    @amirpatel1934 Před 28 minutami

    I assume when they take into account the sun orbit around rhe galaxy that theyre not only taking in the horizontal montion but also the vertical notion through the galaxy, because the solar system moves in wave like pattern through the galaxy.

  • @alanwakefield2453
    @alanwakefield2453 Před 29 minutami

    We are not special but YOU are thanks for your explanation hope to see you soon in a Marvel movie fighting the axis of evil

  • @jnhrtmn
    @jnhrtmn Před 29 minutami

    Light-speed-constant-relative-to-the-observer is the new "CENTER" mistake. Science takes a number between 0 and 1 (transform) and multiplies that against other numbers to make that mistake COME TRUE ON PAPER! The NON-transformed reality does not disappear after you transform the numbers, AND there are no paradox issues BEFORE changing the numbers! This theory CREATES itself.

  • @alvinvaughn6531
    @alvinvaughn6531 Před 30 minutami

    Why is it coined the axis of evil?

  • @JundArbiter
    @JundArbiter Před 34 minutami

    you even say it at the end: if the only reason they don't look into it even though it's so ***** obvious is because they're lazy. or I guess it's nicer to say that it's so tedious to calculate all that shit and to try to accommodate it, And so difficult to know if you're even including everything that you should because there's so many things that you just literally can't see, that like nobody would want to do that but that's why we have AI now so they just need to get a computer and teach it how to do it and then let the computer do it 10,000 times and then take the average response and call that the result.

  • @deltalima6703
    @deltalima6703 Před 35 minutami

    12:22 your little telescope is close to a galaxy too. The milky way. Might want to scribble in some bending for that too.

  • @leeborocz-johnson1649
    @leeborocz-johnson1649 Před 35 minutami

    We may not be special, but we are certainly not nought.

  • @blengi
    @blengi Před 37 minutami

    that 5 billion year old dark energy shift just preceding earth's creation distorted the cosmic microwave multipoles when hyper entities out side universe decided to bias the universe's quantum wavefunction and instantiate a solar system ideal for long term biogenesis and evolution?

  • @luckeclips53
    @luckeclips53 Před 39 minutami

    I’ll bet that it looks the same way no matter where in the universe you observe it from.

  • @scarletevans4474
    @scarletevans4474 Před 41 minutou

    NASA: "Let's have it fly 5 times" Ginny: "Hold my beer!" *17000 kilometers later* xD

  • @mr.zafner8295
    @mr.zafner8295 Před 42 minutami

    Earth is the only known planet to contain astronomers. That makes it special

  • @JundArbiter
    @JundArbiter Před 43 minutami

    how is that description of the CMB not an assumption. like it's an observed phenomenon and it's in space but like why do we attribute it to the Big bang? I don't understand that. it just seems like an incredibly enormous leap for a variation that is so absurdly small and so many things could affect what actually arrives for us to measure it just seems ridiculous. Like we don't know how gravity works but we're going to say this teeny teeny tiny difference in microwaves is associated with something from an amount of time ago we don't even have pinned down completely, and based on what we see of the early universe on the larger visible scale, a time that we don't really have good predictions for in the first place. And we're going to say we know what this shit is like I just don't buy it. Occam's razor is just like the whole concept of solutions being beautiful. think it comes from like the ego trip era of physicists where they were like making bombs and stuff and like treated like celebrities and so which like they should be treated well they shouldn't make bombs but you know The point is they were very like grandiose about themselves and their research and physics like as a thing they loved it because it was beautiful but then it's made them be obsessed with stuff that's just obviously wrong or at least like not fully correct

  • @bazedjunkiii_tv
    @bazedjunkiii_tv Před 44 minutami

    dipole being perpendicular to both quadrupole and octopole? i am not a mathematician but this rather sounds like a geometry x folding problem to me... as a non-native speaker and non-expert in the field i don't have the right terminology at hand to exactly pin down my train of thought but sth. along the line of '...a (short) set of regularities x a regular sequence that is quickly dispersed by further dissection x fragmentation of the surface area the cosmic microwave background provides....' might provide a rough outline of what i'm thinking of. maybe.

  • @bradywb98
    @bradywb98 Před 45 minutami

    If the CMB originates from a type where the universe’s temperature cooled enough to allow photon free travel, and if it happened across the universe all at the same time, then why is there temperature gradients in the CMB?

  • @longlostkryptonian5797
    @longlostkryptonian5797 Před 47 minutami

    Doc, The answer is plain as day. Clearly, Aliens did it!

  • @ComedyCrafterNetwork
    @ComedyCrafterNetwork Před 48 minutami

    0:32: 🌌 Alignment anomaly in early universe perplexes astrophysicists. 3:31: 🌌 First light emitted in the universe, detected across the whole sky, originated from a dense, hot plasma. 6:19: 🌌 Analysis of cosmic microwave background reveals directional temperature variations caused by motion through the universe. 9:39: 🌌 Unexplained alignment of cosmic microwave background with solar system axis raises questions. 12:10: 🔍 Gravity model explains cosmic microwave background anomalies but raises unresolved issues. Tammy AI: Get video info faster & better

  • @martynspooner5822
    @martynspooner5822 Před 50 minutami

    This was just so cool, if you like myself did not have a clue this stuff even existed. Thanks for explaining so fun and interesting for the bits I understand

  • @millatron2292
    @millatron2292 Před 50 minutami

    I think technically we're all at the center of the universe given that we're equidistant from the big bang singularity.

  • @FunkyDexter
    @FunkyDexter Před 51 minutou

    Recently, a polish researcher, Nikodem Popławski, has used Einstein-Cartan theory to explain this anisotropy. Among other things, it also explains inflation without invoking extra scalar fields.

  • @nightwishlover8913
    @nightwishlover8913 Před 51 minutou

    1. Surely you could draw hundreds if not thousands of axes though the hot/cold spots and still make valid lines - unfortunately they would not align, and certainly neither would point at us: falls under the "ancient aliens" category... OMG my computer crashed just after I wrote this! - Is it a sign?? 2. If the Universe actually were Isotropic and Homogeneous, you Astronomers wouldn't keep finding giant galaxy clusters and giant voids...I am not the one to decry Einstein's proposal, but it makes no sense to me...

  • @jasonposey9241
    @jasonposey9241 Před 51 minutou

    Obviously, Niflheim is up north of us and Muspelheim is down south. 😁

  • @AquarianSoulTimeTraveler
    @AquarianSoulTimeTraveler Před 54 minutami

    It's real simple if we are not the fundamental highest spatial dimension and the universe is not a 3 + 1 System then we would expect to see the shape of the universe be flat which is exactly what we observe so it aligns with the information and the experience of Mandela effects which also points towards higher spatial dimensional existence and crop circles which have genetic sites on the parts that are laid down which bend them up to 45° angle naturally without pressure but genetically.

  • @waynebowers4098
    @waynebowers4098 Před 55 minutami

    It is extremely frustrating but thank you for the honest assessment.

  • @hooperhumble5455
    @hooperhumble5455 Před 56 minutami

    = God lol