The Smallest Living Thing | Because Science Live
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- čas přidán 1. 06. 2024
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Thanks for another great week! *CORRECTIONS* I was right about insect and arachnid body segments, but wrong about the mass of the Earth. It’s not 6.02*10^24kg but 5.974*10^24kg. Close, but not quite. I jinxed myself! Maybe I had Avogadro on the brain... - KH
hey, could you do an episode on zombies etc like if zombies could climb a spiral staircase or if they could exist at all? not really sure what to expect as far as replies go or even if you'll reply at all either waykeep up the good work
Going over the video - had to pause - Can you link the study about the spider please? I'm curious as to the necessity of the web, if the spider creates the electro-static charge on its body. Could the spider be using the silk as a tuning rod, to know how to vary the charge in it's body to control lift?
Love to see an episode on moss piglets AKA Tardigrades. Thanks for all the cool info and facts as always :) Cheers!
I can't be the only one who read this as "Maybe I have avocado on the brain"
Hyperdimensional beings (mice) developed the answer of 42 not hairless primates.
That Vsauce impression was glorious.
About the question on the subject: A moon with a moon. Yes, in theory, moons can have moons. The region of space around a satellite where a sub-satellite can exist is called the Hill sphere. Outside the Hill sphere, a sub-satellite would be lost from its orbit about the satellite.
Our moon is a sub-satellite to our sun.
If I recall correctly, they're called moon moons, which is funny as hell
Can a moon's moon have a moon? Ad infinitum.
Glow in the dark cat......-30 stealth.
+60 charm
But when it jumps out from under a blanket to attack your foot or face, it will still be a successful surprise attack. Because kittens and cats are just that good at it.
Sean Wadey Haha, that they do.
I’d say a mid tier build
Khajiit Glow in darkness so traveler can see at night to buy wares.
7:02
The world's smallest known insect is a wasp: Dicopomorpha echmepterygis.
The males have a body lengh which ranged from 139 to 240 μm, but cannot fly...
The females can fly, but they are larger, with 550 μm of body lengh (which is smaller than some species of amoeba).
Cool!
Also, their wings are like fuzzy feathers, instead of "solid" blade-like structures you see on larger bugs (2newthings.com/measuring-anatomy-minuscule-microinsects/)
but is it general consensus that their size is really what makes the males unable to fly, and not something else entirely?
Fábio Duarte This is completely amazeballs. Thanks, I had no idea!
I thought the question was posed about the character 'the wasp' who I think had tiny wings on her back when she was big and they were usable when she shrank so her minimum size to use the wings. maybe not, I dunno
I like how Kyle interprets the wasp question to mean it's talking about real wasps and not the Marvel character, even though he'd been bringing up Ant-Man throughout the video.
I'm always very grateful with your outtro in these live shows.
"Be nice to each other, because this is all we've got."
It's an amazing message, and more people need to realize this. Thanks for making the world a slightly better place, every week.
can we get a t-shirt of kyle as a jedi igniting a lightsaber and bursting into flames. its me favorite meme of the channel.
Khajiit understands this reference.
Khajiit knows where you have coin
Khajiit knows where you are
An idea for an episode.
How fast is Robert Dashle Par running in the Incredibles first film where he runs on water, and would the speed he's travelling at actually allow him to stay on the surface of the water?
Speaking of Vsauce, you and Michael should do a coop episode in any topic. I love this channel, and I also love Vsauce!!! you guys do great work. Thanks for sharing all this curious knowledge.
idk man.... two diffrent worlds
Hey Kyle! Fun episode as always. In regards to the anime eyes thing: I think the actual size of they eye, which I'm guessing the questioner is specifically referring to surface area of the eye, has little to do with actual eyesight. Eyesight comes from several factors: the pupil , cornea, lens, retina, and of course the brain. I guess what can be explored the most with anime eyes would be pupil size I suppose, but in humans at least, the cornea is about 75% responsible for refracting light and focusing it appropriately. The lens does the rest of the refracting and focuses the light onto the retina. People who are nearsighted have longer eyeballs than normal so the light gets focused in front of the receptor cells that are on the retina. Conversely, people who are farsighted have shorter eyeballs than normal and so the light gets focused behind the retina. So in other words, I feel the only thing we could remotely explore would be the pupil size in anime eyes which would simply control the amount of light entering the eye, rather than the refractive power of the eye itself.
"Can a moon have a moon?" is the best question of the day.
"The question is sometimes more important than the answer because of where it leads you."
You should put that on a poster.
I know I'm late to the party, but this episode just popped up on my recommended videos.
My favorite thing about 42 is that 42 is the ascii code for an asterisk (*). If you know a bit about computers, * is often used as a placeholder for a value, or to mean "anything can go here". So the answer to Life, the Universe and Everything is: whatever you want it to be.
Hey Kyle,
Just a note about the Hitchhiker question.
Douglas Adams the author of the book is known to have programming knowledge that he used in the book when the super COMPUTER is answering the question:
In computer language 42 is the ASCII code for an asterisk (*) and in programming an asterisk is used as a variable to be whatever you want it to be.
And as such the computer is answering as a computer would;
What is the meaning to life the universe and everything?
42 = * (Whatever you want it to be)
Not sure if you'll see this since this is an old video but I gotta say I LOVE your commitment to the whole "void" bit...
17:15 someone wants Neko Girls to be real
I know right?
Who doesn't?
elon musk's genetically engineered cat girls
hell yeah!
for the 42 meaning of life bit, i had heard a theory that it refers to some programming basics. in the ASCII language 42 (holding alt and pressing 4 and then 2) reveals the symbol * and an asterisk in programming languages is an open variable for inserting information so it can effectively be "whatever you want it to be" so when a computer is asked the meaning of life in the hitchhikers guide to the galaxy film it gives an answer a computer would respond with. "whatever you want it to be" or * (42)
What if it's not a moon, but a fully operational battle station.
Then we would have something worse than colliding moons. A really bad movie plot. Can you actually imagine someone being stupid enough to waste the kind of resources that the Empire did? No wonder they lost to the rebels.
In fairness, if we had a death star in orbit, asteroid impacts wouldn't be nearly as terrifying.
WE'RE ALL GONNA D- k-chew! BANG! - Oh. Never mind.
As far as dragons breathing fire, I have always thought of your second expatiation, but instead of methane that the gas was hydrogen. Since hydrogen or HHO gas as it is more volatile and and could also be harvested from food and most importantly from water threw a process known as hydrolysis. As water would be the most efficient source and most plentiful. This accomplishes two things. One the ability to spew fire and second it would store the gas in a bladder like a fish's air bladder helping it to offset its body weight aiding it in take off making it more agile in the air. I love your show.
omg I loved how excited kyle got from the first idea I replayed that just to see the wheels turning in his head
11:49 Holy shit I literally just came from a Schishow video talking about the electricity riding balloon spiders. Awesome.
Starts at 3:28
Thanks!
Oh, maybe I should've read the comments first... Thx!
What would it take for a star to burn green?
Kirk Hodges look at it with a green sheet of paper in front of you
Real MVP
The best magic system I think is from the Young Wizards series, where teleportation has to take into account the relative velocities, weights, and atmospheres being transported if you needed to bring breathable air, and factor for containment of that atmosphere. They are seriously surprisingly intelligent for a Young Adult series and they never got the popularity they deserved
"What's the void made out of?"
Absence.
I loved the "dragon's fire" ideas. Clever.
He missed an obvious opportunity to bring up the explanation from "A Flight of Dragons"
Kyle: "The Universe is not only weirder than we suspect, but it might even be too weird. Such that we cant even get all of it's secrets out of it"
Cthulu: You have no idea, mortal.
I usually don't enjoy live videos but I love Because Science live videos.
Your impersonation of Michael's style was spot on. Now we need him to do a Kyle impersonation.
The spider stuff was absolutely fascinating. Thanks!
Loved the VSauche impression. Had me rolling.
So, your favourite magic system is elements bending from "Avatar: The last airbender". In fact, that's my favourite too, Aang is awesome.
He truly is.
17:20 the movie quote crossed my mind 'Get your paws off me you damn dirty app!'
As a long term Hitch Hikers Guide to the Galaxy fan boy who has the original radio show in MP3, has read all 5 books seen the movie and the TV show and owned the vinyl, the Earth was created to come up with the question, but was corrupted when the Golgafrimham arcs crashed causing the demise of the indigenous humans. The question Arthur came up with by drawing scrabble letters from a bag was "what do you get when you multiply six by nine?" 😂
42 is the answer to everything because in English alphabet
M = 13
A = 1
T = 20
H = 8
13 + 1 + 20 + 8 = 42
Math is the answer.
That answer is so math.
Planck Length.
Mind boggling
Yeah thats what they all say
The 42 answer from the hitchhikers guide to the galaxy comes from computer coding where [alt][4][2] comes up on screen as an asterisk (*) which commonly is used to mean "whatever you want it to be"
4:15 "Highlight fact the universe that the universe is not only weirder than we suspect but it might even be too weird. Such that we can't get all of its secrets out of it." Went full HP Lovecraft there.
The hitchhikers guide answer of 42 is a reference to the ASCII for an asterisk (meaning in most computer languages, anything you want it to be) being 42
Hi Kyle, I've watched every because science video you have ever made and I have to, nay, need to see that necklace.
It's obviously sentimental to you and nothing to do with science, but may we hear the story behind it?
That for his microphone, that hangs from it.
I don't believe so.
i too, think it's a necklace.
I'm not as diligent a Kyle viewer, i didn't even notice the necklace...
but I would enjoy hearing any story that goes with it.
Be well.
"vsauce has a video on this..."
*sits down out of frame*
*stands up*
*imatates micheal*
I love this
YES! Thank you for mentioning Randall Munroe. His books are amazing and so is his web comic xkcd.
Kyle, if it makes you feel better I have my BS in Physics and I still would have to spend a week thinking about these topics to try and wrap my head around the intricacies. Thanks for the great content!
Ant-Man cannot turn into a black hole because his schwarzschild radius would be smaller than the sum of his atomic nuclei; because they only decrease the distance between atoms, he cannot get smaller than the sum of his atomic nuclei.
About the cat genes splicing thing, that's actually pretty interesting:
Technically, because of the amount of different phenotypes and animals existing, whatever you think of, if sustainable energy wise and if compliant to the rules of physics, can exist as long as the biochemical system works out with the nutrition provided. So technically, a human with - say - cat eyes and hair and claws could exist (elder scrolls series, yo), but only if the splicing accounts for the "materials" and the changes in metabolism involved. So you'd have to understand: how does all of the chemistry and gene expression work in a human and how do the genes you'd want to splice out of a cat work and what do those need to work and what do those things need to work and do and so on and THEN you'd need to figure out how to make all of this work together without breaking a system as complicated as a human. So possible, theoretically yes, but immensely too hard for all we know and can do currently.
for the question about moon's moon, there is a concept in orbital mechanics called Hill sphere, that is a zone around a body where its gravitational force dominates, so anything inside that sphere will have a stable orbit (if I'm not wrong, everything between the lagrange point L1 and L2 is inside the Hill Sphere). but the closest you are to another body, the smaller is the hill sphere, the secondary moon also needs to be really small, since a three-body problem makes things extremely complicated. so yes, a moon can have its own moon... actually technically speaking, if we say that earth is the Sun's moon, then Luna is a moon of a moon.
For the anime eyes episode you'll either have to separate it in aections or pick a specific size for the average. Because it really depends what size or which show we are talking about here, DBZ's big eyes with tiny iris+pupil? K-ON's overall gigantic cute eyes? Death Note's relatively realistic eye size? Series like Hunter x Hunter where everyone has very specific and very different eye shapes and sizes from one another?
It's going to be a weird, episode that's for sure.
Something that nicely crosses over, tiny creature and flying wasps.
Wasps are actually some of the smallest flying creatures that have so far been found to exist, and the Megaphragma mymaripenne pushes the limits of what is actually possible.* Turns out a major factor in this is its nervous system that takes up too much space. These wasps start as little pupae with big ol heads, but then breaks down its cells by the thousand as it emerges in to adult form. Its head crumples up as it reduces to around just 350 nucleated neurons while abandoning the nuclei of many other neural cells to cram them all in to a volume thats almost half what it originally was.
Despite such a ridiculously small set of fully functioning neurons they exhibit a bunch of reasonably sophisticated behaviour, but given they are trashing 95% of their nervous system it is getting hard to imagine how a creature that flies in the typical way you expect of wasps and flies can get any smaller.
* doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2011.09.001
I'm so pleased by the idea that bombardier beetle is a teeny tiny dragon so much
42 is the answer to everything. Mr. Adams was a computer nerd of the highest caliber and 42 is the ASCII code for an asterisk. In DOS, and other places, an asterisk is a wildcard. It can mean anything in a given context. So 42 really IS the answer to life, the universe, and everything.
Those dragon breath ideas were so cool. Never heard either of them before.
I loved that V-Sauce impersonation! :D Also, Baloon-Spiders blew my mind... o.o
About the number 42 from Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy...
I saw someone, somewhere (I know, very specific) giving a theory that "The answer to life and everything is death." It explained that 42, when the digits are said in Japanese (4 = shi 2 = ni), means "to die." Assuming an infinite amount of time, everything does "die" eventually. This even includes black holes due to Hawking Radiation. Seems like a sound, albeit morbid, theory to me!
Fantastic Michael impression!
Ford (reading Scrabble tiles pulled at random from a bag): "What do you get when you multiply six by nine... by NINE??"
Arthur: "Six by nine: forty-two. I always said there was something fundamentally wrong with the universe."
Kyle, love your show. Can you tell us what is the meaning of death? Thank you for all your great content.
love your smile when you said many people will die and then consequence`s
i have Kyle to blame for getting me so interested in the expanse. i am now on season two ep 10 already in the span of 3 days. it has become my life. thank you Kyle :/ :)
I think it’d be interesting to see an episode about the science behind how the benders in “avatar the last airbender” and “the legend of korra” really works. Like how they really bend besides how it’s stated in the show (air-benders from flying bison, water-benders from the moon, fire-benders from dragons, and earth-benders from badger-moles). Like, how would they actually learn to bend these elements (even lightning, magma, metal and such) and how could real science explain them?
Loved the "flight of dragons" reference with the dragon's fire bit. :D
The basilisk can only run on water for those longer distances while a juvenile. Full grown adults are too large to sprint across the water for more than a couple meters. But they are excellent swimmers and can remain submerged for 30 minutes...The more you know.
Can you do an episode with the camera at an oblique angle as a kind of behind the scenes thing? Would love to see how you film your show and use the lightboard.
Those balooning spiders are like little static shocks , the character
The rate of acceleration of the expansion of the Universe is said to 42 km/s^2. Since
v=at
The current velocity at which the universe is expanding is approx equal to 42000 * 13 billion * 365 * 24 * 84400
Which is equal to 400000000000000000000000 m/s
WOW
How can someone be so sciencey and such a chad at the same time. You're like if my best bud fused with himself a few times.
I can hardly pay attention to this video because I got an ad about a webtoon comic about Hades and Persephone, and Persephone actually seems to love him.
I remember watching a fake documentary of dragons on discovery channel years ago. That shows take on dragons fire and flight was from it producing hydrogen in it a special sack and munching on rocks that contained platinum, and when it released the gas it would react with the platinum and make fire. That sack also made the dragon lighter so it's wings could actually let it fly. Using fire had a trade off of reducing its ability to be airborne. I'd like to watch that again.
ASCII code 42 is an asterisk which in a coding language (I forgot which one because I don't code) it means anything you want it to mean. Therefore, the answer of "42", coming from a computer, interprets something along the lines of, "life means whatever you want it to mean."
Spiders figured out how to levitate before us XD
Ohhhhh that first one is good. Maybe you can make the video connected to the upcoming Battle Angel Alita movie (because it's so ridiculous lol). Great vid as always Kyle!
I don't know how you would ever work it into a pop culture topic, but I would love to see you discuss the concept of convergent evolution. Especially on how life could evolve similarly to life here on other worlds. There was a documentary series on it some time ago, though I forget what it was called, and it only lasted for a few episodes. But it was fascinating.
Also, my guess is that if Ant-Man grew to the size of a planet, his mass would be crushed into a sphere under the weight of its own gravity. Messy.
That's an easy one to work into pop-culture. Look at Star Wars and Star Trek and all of the other sci-fi with humanoid aliens. What are the odds that they'd look like that? Easy peasy in terms of asking the question. Answering is harder. They don't take on much in terms of biology here, it's just not their specialty.
The Universe is probably not only weirder than we suspect, but it may be weirder than we CAN suspect. And that is why "42" is such a great answer to the question of Life, The Universe and Everything.
I can help with the wasp question. The smallest wasp is the size of a grain of sand. And it swims on the air not fly. Its so small it can see air particles. Brian Cox did the smallest things on earth program that talks about the wasp with in it.
the V-Sauce impression was absolute gold.
4:00 42 ANSWERS EVERYTHING!
that's an interesting concept, a super villain checking his/her questions with science presenters on the internet
Loved the VSauce impression! It was hysterical!
The balloon spider fact blew my mind. 🤘
Moon child is pure and needs to be protected from the harsh realities of the world. Moon dad you have raised your moon child well.
42 Is the numerical placement for the Astrix,*, which the definition is, whatever you want it to be.
what would happen with a stone (estimated that it is about your fists size) that has no mass. But it still has a surface and it is still made out of atoms.
would it float up in the air or would it just stay where it is and the same question when it is in water.
Also in space can it maintain the energy whitch was given to it (if u would throw it) or would it just stop dead when it would leave your hand.
Short can it have momentum.
thank you for the video
Hey Kyle, what kind of EDH Deck do you use?
The void is a physical representation of his inner self
Hey Kyle, been thinking about your void dilemma and I had a thought about it. You mention escaping the void, but also being let out of it. Which would imply that there is a sentient being controlling your passage through the void. I have also noticed that somehow Nerdiest has found a way to record you in the void, so I hypothesize that Nerdiest has created and contained a void in which you are trapped that allows them to trap and release you at will and record the events within.
On a separate but related note I believe that the void is actually what is beyond the event horizon and that you have been trapped within the infinite. Nerdiest has managed to trap you in infinity, perhaps inside a stone of some kind.
Hey, Kyle, question
Why can't we consider viruses as life forms?
Cause they show two main characters of living organisms
1) Response to Stimulus: They act on different cells and respond to there recpetors
2) Reproduction: They do use other host bodies to reproduce and lose their identity during this. But they make more copies of itself just like a parasite.
An unconfirmed fan theory is that Douglas Adams secretly decided on 42 as the answer to Life, the Universe, and Everything, as given by the supercomputer Deep Thought because, in computers, 42 is the designation for the symbol which means "Whatever you want it to be." And I've had computer nerd friends confirm this designation of 42 in computers. So, it is therefore appropriate to answer someone's question with 42, and when they reply with a different thought, say "That's what I said." O:)
Here's a show idea. What would happen if two objects collided, each traveling at the speed of light. We've seen what happens when a light-moving object slams into something much slower ( Last Jedi ) but I'm under the assumption that said idea would be way more catastrophic.
Moons having moons:
Check out the concept of the Hill sphere.
Our Moon has its own Hill sphere with a radius of 60,000 km (about one sixth of the distance between the Earth and Moon) where a sub-satellite could exist.
Sorry if my comments are late, I'm still catching up.
Can you link the article about the ballooning spiders?
4:53 - 42 is the *ANSWER* to to life the universe and everything, the book states that now we need to find the *QUESTION*. So I'd say it is pretty likely true, depending on the question provided. :)
The real limiting factor or insect size is not in the wings, it's in the respiratory system. They don't have lungs,they just suck air into their bodies in a cavity and that limits the available surface for oxygen uptake. The thing about lungs is that they produce a huge surface area for gas exchange, and so mammals can get pretty large, and only start to fail because of other structural and functional limitations, like the weight of the skeleton and the blood pressure needed to get blood to the brain. (Elephant and giraffe, respectively)
10:50 Science guy gets stumped by a magic question. My answer: The eye of agamotto. Time magic!
I think the first description of dragon breath would work best since if it's starting as a liquid then maybe they can choose to not atomize the liquid and fire it in it's condensed form to gain power and/or distance as they projected said flames,
That was an excellent VSauce impression, i'm ... impressed :)
Early on in the episode there was a question of the minimum size for wasp to fly, you answered about the insect but I think the person meant about the superhero
Yes, it is possible for a moon to itself have moons and/or rings, and there are a few places where scientists have suggested that this is (or was) the case. However, moons tend to rotate slowly, and this makes it difficult for a moon's moon to find a stable orbit.
It's a shame you're not more of a biology nerd, I would have loved to see you go down the rabbit hole of tiny things that fly. For example, take a look at Fairyflies; their wings are not what you would expect. And, bonus, they're a type of wasp!
Fairyflies are the smallest flying insects we know of. And their wings are designed to literally climb thru the air.