Welsh vs. Irish Language, 5 sentences broken down easy for you.
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- čas přidán 12. 06. 2024
- Welsh and Irish are both Celtic Languages. In this video we will look at some example sentences to show where these two languages diverge and where they go their own ways - each selected to give a basic idea of important concepts in both languages. With English below and some helpful etymology (where the words come from) and grammar tips. Hopefully this can help those consider a Celtic Language or those curious as to what they are like, to dig deeper and find a path in Welsh or Irish.
00:00 Beginning
00:52 The 1st one
02:28 Darkness, the 2nd setence
04:48 The Next, the 3rd one
07:28 Key, the 4th
10:00 Number 5
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Love the interdisciplinary aspect of your works! History and language and ideology and culture, and you don't depersonalize it.
A real breath of fresh air, any time I see a new upload of yours I try to make time for it soon.
Great video! I’ll be enrolling in a Celtic Studies masters at Prifysgol Aberystwyth next September to study these exact linguistic relations as well as comparative literature. Very excited!!
Exciting course. Enjoy your time. Diolch.
I would suggest that the Irish and Cornish words for "morning", "maidin" and "myttin", don't come from Saxon. A latin origin, maybe (?) (if not Celtic, of course), as in Breton we have "mintin". We also have "beure", which is related to Welsh "bore". Anyway, another nice video!👍
Thank you. Appreciated.
It's from Latin (hora) matutina (cf. Italian mattina 'morning'). The second part of both Welsh prynhawn and Irish tráthnóna comes from Latin too - nona 'the ninth (hour)' which was in the afternoon and referred to something to do with the church.
In French, morning is matin, extremely similar to the Irish/Cornish/Breton words.
Gerlyver Meur Kernewek gives for "myttin" an etymology in Latin. BLat *matû-tîna < CLat mâtûtîna. It is attested in the Old Cornish Vocabulary as "metin". There are Breton and Welsh cognates mintin and meitin, though "bore" is the common word for 'morning' in Welsh.
Depending when the words entered both irish or welsh ,it could well be from a latin root,
Matins were the morning prayer in a monestry or abbey ,
Possibly the same with litír, writing and letters would likely be associated with the church and latin ,
I like both but being of Welsh extraction Welsh is my preference. Here in the States, Gaelic is very popular. Welsh is simpler to me because all the letters are pronounced but in Gaelic half seem to be silent modifiers. Cymru am Bedd!
Cymru am bedd (Wales for a grave)
Cymru am byth (Wales forever)
Glad you chose Welsh fellow.
Irish and Welsh have quite different spelling conventions which tends to hide their similarities. Breton is different again and has a spelling system derived from French whereas the revived Cornish language has a spelling system based on English.
Yes, the spelling systems in the various Celtic Languages having evolved under the influence of different waves of invasions drives a wedge between us.
Rhaglen adderchog unwaith eto..!!!
Cafarchion oddi wrth Houston, Texas
Cyfarchion cynnes. Diolch am wylio a dod yn ôl. B.
Interesting vid. In the first example, the Roedd/Bhí comparison intrigued me. For past tense, we also have the form 'raibh' - though it's used in specific constructions, for example asking the question ' were the houses were all alike?' would be 'An raibh na tithe ar fad cosúil le chéile? A sentence cannot begin with 'raibh' however.
Fascinating.
Roedd in Welsh is from. Yr oedd (that which was being). Was
@@BenLlywelyn I did a little reading and it seems as though it comes from an Old Irish preverb prefix ro- associated with preterite/subjunctive tenses. I'm quite a bit out of my depth reading up on linguistics but it looks like Ro + bí contracted to give us roib then raibh. Ro- is ultimately from Indo-european *Pro (forward). Used with adjectives ro- is the same as welsh rhy (too).
Unless Yr somehow comes from the same root I don't think there's a roedd/raibh connection.
I have studied Irish. In my travels, I noted that the Scots Gaelic word for " to see " can be found in the Irish dictionary, but it fell out of use there some centuries ago.
Breizh was immediately seen as similar to Welsh. Ker/ caer, for example.
As late as the 15th century Irish and Scots Gaelic could be said to be the same language in many places.
@@BenLlywelyn Wasn't there Irish in East Ulster up until the early 20th century, which was kind of a transitional dialect between Irish and Scottish Gaelic?
@@mawkernewek There was yes!
For those of us who can cope with the diffidence therapy (but tyranny) of the free language app Duolingo, it is worth noting that the Duolingo Irish course is 49 units long whereas the Duolingo Welsh is a daunting 69 units long... The verbs are certainly more complex in Welsh whereas Irish only has 11 irregular verbs, although Irish has an awful lot of phrasal verb type constructions and collocations... Count the cost for Welsh in terms of time and effort because we can't all be Cambridge scholars like Ben
There are more resources for language immersion with Welsh, which would make it also easier to find contributors to build a course in Welsh than Irish. As for the Irish, I hope we see their language re-root itself across Ireland as a community language.
My Granddad spoke a bit of welsh , and i learned irish in school (badly )
I remember the word doràs ( door ,) and drws in welsh being similarish ..
Counting to ten had similarities and differences, probably influenced by latin , french or english
Very similar.
Thank you for this super interesting video. I have always thought that these Celtic languages are basically the same language with minor differences. Now I can see they are very different, not even mutually intelligible (or are they?). Wow! As a matter of fact, I like the sound of Irish better. It seems softer to me.
Irish and Welsh are not mutually intelligible except in very occasional circumstances with very simple short sentences with a clear context.
I am learning the 6 modern Celtic languages (and all the Germanic languages, including Norse / Icelandic / Dutch / Norwegian / Gothic etc) and, from what I have seen / heard so far, all 6 modern Celtic languages are / look very different and aren’t mutually intelligible, as each Celtic language has been modified a lot, tho there are still plenty of cognates, but it’s usually not easy to tell that they are cognates at first glance - however, there seem to be more obvious cognates between Welsh & Breton or Welsh & Cornish than there are between Welsh & Irish!
Irish has a great influence both from English and Old Norse. Interestingly, the Irish word for darkness seems a cognate of darkness itself, whereas in Welsh it is more like a cognate of twilight. You can check Corkonian English. The accent has a strong influence from the French Huguenots but also from Welsh Normans.
czcams.com/video/2s6P-gqWGXs/video.html
This makes a lot of sense. Vikings did a lot there. Thank you.
Interesting study but. Th on the mutation from. T. Is just pronounced h. Thug' hug threoraigh. Hr. I think. Stef
Interesting, thank you. Diolch. Go raibh maith agat.
Be careful with some of these.
Buachaill isn't related to bachgen.
Buachaill is cognate to Welsh bugail (shepherd) as boys were often shepherds. Bachgen < bach (small, related to Irish beag) + gen, which seems to be related to cenedl. Buachaill and bugail are distantly related to Ancient Greek βουκόλος = cowherder.
Faoin is pronounced /fˠiːnʲ/, so only "i" is pronounced directly out of the vowels (the ao makes the f "broad" fˠ instead of "slender" fʲ).
Eochar for key should be: eochair.
Minor things:
Llyfr (book) and leabhar are borrowings from Latin liber.
Maidin < Latin matinus.
Silff and seilf < English shelf.
Thanks for the tips.
Maidan = matinus (Latin)
My impression is that they are only distantly related. I mean Azerbaijani and the Turkic languages seem to be more similar
I am close to considering Irish and British Celtic as 2 language families of their own within the Indo-European tree, but they are only slightly too close for that in my opinion.
Litir is from old irish Liter from littera
and maidin is from latin matutinus
I''m acquainted with both languages.. It was interesting to see a few Welsh words that are no longer used or used in the same way as Irish but are similar, such as "arwain." It's obvious that you arem't fluent in Irish from your pronunciation. I wonder if you are aware of the fact that consonants in Irish have two pronunciations, Broad and Slender, and have to have Broad and Slender vowels to accompany the same consonant. "I" and "E" are Slender. These are vowels that alter pronunciation of the consonant, indicating it's Slender" The other vowels are Broad and Broad consonants are more or less as in English, though generally "softer." "H" was not in the older Gaelic alphabet. and it changes pronunciation of the consonant it follows. That's called "lenition." There is also a phenomenon called "eclipsis," where a particular consonant comes before another initial consonant and "eliminates" it, e.g. ''Ban." "mBan" is pronounced "man." I am far from fluent in either, but I sing in all six Celtic languages and have had to learn their peculiarities and pronunciations. I have taken workshops and short courses in Welsh, Irish, Cornish and Scots Gaelic.
I very much appreciate these videos, Ben. Diolch yn fawr iawn. Go raibh maith agat.
Diolch yn fawr iawn. Appreciated. And hope you get to speak Irish more. And though I may be biased - the Welsh writing system is easier!
Hmm, I think your Irish pronunciation is about as good as my Welsh.
Irish maidin is cognate with French matin and litir with lettre. Irish was influenced by Latin brought by the early Christians and French from the Normans.
Hehe, about right. My Irish is basic.
*Cum mai e?* / *Șe mai e?*
tri oauă / ouă
un ou
la *fel*
Cred ca din Dacopat o sa ma transform in Celtopat. ;) 😎
Bun!
@@BenLlywelyn Nid yw Dacopath yn dda?
Bore da Ben. Diddorol iawn, ond, I don't see much similarity. I think irish gaelic is closer to Scottish gaelic than Welsh or Breton.
Bore da, Stella. Rwyt ti'n gywir. Correct. Irish is much closer to Scots Gaelic.
Diolch Ben - diddorol iawn. Felly y Gymraeg symudodd o ddefnyddio ‘h’ yn lle ‘s’ a chadwodd Gwyddeleg y ffurf gwreiddiol. Beth am p/c? Meddwl taw’r Wyddeleg wnaeth newid yn yr achos yma? Diddorol iawn am ‘y cilydd’👏
Roedd y Wyddeleg yn fwy ceidwadol yn yr achos hon; mae wedi cadw'r C cychwynnol, ond fe wnaeth y Brythoneg newid i P.
@@BenLlywelyn hmmmm …. Pam felly yn y Wyddeleg ceir ‘cásga’ yn lle ‘pasg’…hefyd y Gaulish ar gyfer ‘pen’ yw ‘pennos’ a ‘mapos’ yw ‘mab’?