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The Life of a Roman Soldier
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- čas přidán 23. 05. 2015
- How was the life of a Roman soldier? How did they live? What did they eat? How much did they earn?
The Marian reforms (of Gaius Marius) enlarged the centuries to 80 men, and grouped them into six-century "cohorts" (rather than two-century maniples). Each century had its own standard and was made up of ten units (contubernia) of eight men who shared a tent, a millstone, a mule and cooking pot.
Following the reforms of the general Marius in the 2nd century BC, the legions took on the second, narrower meaning that is familiar in the popular imagination as close-order citizen heavy infantry.
There are plenty of things i love about your channel.
Your accent,
Your dedication,
Your calmness,
Your voice
The fact that you share an equal obsession with ancient armors/weaponry and how people lived
+Patrick Holensaber Thank you very much for your kind words Patrick, I appreciate :D
ps: that profile pic xD
someone needs to make a GOOD Roman open world rpg game. you can play as a trader, a sailor, a pirate in the Mediterranean, a townsperson, a farmer, a slave owner, a gladiator or as a Roman legionaire serving in campaigns during the empires height climbing the ranks. the map is the entire Roman empire from hadrians wall in britannia to the Nile river in Egypt and the entire Mediterranean sea as well as huge cities like Alexandria, londinium, Pompeii, Jerusalem and of course Rome.
dlc could include a Persian war?
maybe during the reign of aurelian? or some great emperor of some Roman golden age?
+kwadwo baidoo Pretty sure that Mount and Blade Warband has a Roman mod. Not sure how accurate it is, but it's worth a play :)
petargrad that sounds like a possible sequel. maybe a third installation could be set in the byzantine empire
Idk if your comment is just for fun but it seems like you're seriously suggesting ideas, so I'd like to point out that it's not possible to build a gameworld of that size at any level of detail with the existing technology. And if it was, the expenditures involved would be a bit like rebuilding those cities IRL on the moon.
***** ugh that sucks but it was just for fun it would be a dream game
Dude, you have managed to reignite my interest in pre-Constantine Rome. You love of history is infectious!
That's great news!
indeed!
Indeed! The same happened to me! :D
+Metatron do you know about sumerian/akkadian languages? also, what do you think about the usual representation of sumerian soldiers with rectangular shields... do you think the romans developed it independently or took "inspiration" from the sumerians, akkadians, etc?
That man is worth his salt.
His enemies are salty.
He's worth a carthiginian amount of salt
You see this is in fact a funny pun for the reason that Roman soldiers got salt rations.
Well done Centurion. 😂😂😂
I see what you did there. Good job.
In my elementary school, a Catholic school, they taught a smattering of Latin so that we could understand the mass to some extent (until Vatican II when mass went to local language). But they never provided the cultural context of what was meant by vinegar. Then in high school Latin our teacher, who was rumored to have lived during the Republican era of Rome, made this connection for us about how vinegar was considered a beverage at the time.
Gaining historical context is difficult; how can we walk a mile in someone's shoes if those shoes have been vacant for millenia? Still, if we are to know who we are, we should be willing to ask where we came from. Very interesting approach to teaching history.
Puts a whole new perspective on the vinegar given by the solider. But I still can't around vinegar and water tasting good.
Something I've heard is that another reason for the Marian Reforms was that conscripted troops were often farmers, who had to be home in time for harvest, making legions unable to go very far from where they were raised. If they did, the farmers would often go into debt, forcing them to sell their land to businessmen- which in turn gave rise to land owners with huge tracks of land and lots of unemployed farmers (because it was cheaper to have slaves work the land); which in turn caused a bunch of revolts and such.
All true. The fundamental reason was the increasing shortage of citizen soldiers directly correlating to the decline in Roman landowners. By Marian times, thousands of landless or dispossessed Roman citizen men had migrated to Rome or other large Roman cities, searching for some means of earning a living. When Marius threw open the ranks of the legions to all qualified Roman citizen men, he gained access to a vast manpower pool of eager, hungry, and ambitious men in the prime of their lives. This huge manpower pool would then begin to shrink steadily through attrition and loss of interest from the citizenry. By the time of Augustus Caesar, the ratio of Italians to foreign citizens in the Roman Army had declined to 60-40. This ratio would steadily worsen until the time of Trajan it was thought to be something like 20 percent Italian men and the 80 percent from provincial Roman citizens plus the citizen sons of retired Roman auxiliaries who gained citizenship for themselves and their children. In the late fourth century A.D., it had become increasingly difficult to obtain recruits into the Roman legions. A military career had long lost its allure and conscripted military service was something to be dreaded and avoided if at all possible. And it was all for good reason. The last large Roman field army of any noted perished at the historic battle of Adrianople in the late 4th century. From then on, the declining Western Roman empire relied increasingly on foreign, usually Germanic mercenary armies. By the time of the dissolution of the western Roman empire in 476 A.D., it had existed only on paper as a political fiction from about 410 A.D., after the sack of Rome by Visigoth warlord, Alaric.
From what I heard, Marian's Reforms (the event) may not have happened at all. Anyway, let's put that aside.
When we say that only landowners could be conscripted, it does not mean that the head of the family is conscripted. That would be silly. In Roman society, the family is the base unit, not the individual. (Also, please set aside other notions such as Romans were the first to have professional paid soldiers). When we said that soldiers are conscripted from landowner, we are saying that soldiers comes from land-owning family, vouched by the head of the family. Maybe in the beginning, only the sons of the pater familias can be vouched but the condition of vouching is loosen later. Regardless, the son of a landowner usually is not expected to do hard labor at home.
It always feels like the romans were far more advanced as a sociaty than later people.
Especially the middle age seems like we lost alot of old knowlege and useful tech
At last i find someone on CZcams as passionate about Ancient Rome as I am
Gutz Skywalker YAY hello there my "Roman" brother :D
+1
There are so many games that put you in a position of power and leadership and I just want to be a grunt on the front lines, that would be fun.
Gandalf The White I sooo much agree with you :D
+Metatron i feel like kingdom come will fulfill that to a degree, just hoping they have a custom battles mode or something similar so we aren't limited to a set number of story battles
Gandalf The White TRY SAVAGE 2, where the commanding player tells you what to do.
+Gandalf The White
Having spent a year as a medical officer in an airborne infantry brigade i could not disagree with you more.
Even high echelon officers like colonels, brigadier generals have to spent time in the front line to evaluate the situation. Nobody can lead effectively from his HQ.
So if you like to take it up close n personal you can do it even as a president, while if you are a coward you can avoid battle even if you are a grunt.
+Makis Gkirgkoudis i think you did not undertood his coment he is talking about games not the actual war he's probally talking about rts games where the camera and the gameplay makes you only comand troops from a position where you see everything from above not being in the actual battlefield if you ever played age of empires for example you would understand what he is talking about
This guy is an amazing teacher, he makes history very interesting, you can see his love of history, he tells it with such enthusiasm and detail, have learned much from metatrons videos. Fantastic
Excellent video- however as a former soldier myself I would be interested in life during basic training. Punishment, regulations, deportment, hygiene i.e. hair length and facial hair - that kind of thing. I imagine they spent many hours on the parade square learning formations and weapon handling so it would be interesting to learn more about the people in charge of their training and their ranking systems. Thanks!
Very good, it would be very interesting if you could talk more about the everyday life of the citizens of the roman empire. I was reading about the bath houses and i found it very interesting. Not only the architecture but how people used it as a meeting point to talk about many subjects.
RyuFireheart You have read my mind :D I have recently been to Piazza Armerina so I will talk about it and show you many interesting things :D
Oh, i'm looking forward to it then :)
very interesting and good! I just love these these seemingly uninteresting details, like an unknown roman soldier's life, what he eats and what he gets paid... Well done to spread your wings! Thanks for this video!
This is in an incredible video! I rarely comment but your work and enthusiasm has very much piqued my interest! Thank you!
I truly did enjoy this video. Thank you for creating such great content
Thank you for watching it
As a Christian, I appreciate the discussion of water and vinegar. You did a particularly good job with the Psalm tie-in. Reframing those kind of subjective impressions from a historical rather than modern perspective is important.
No better teacher on the Roman Empire than jesus. Thank you for being on CZcams!
This is an excellent vid and very accurate from a historical perspective. Your interpretation of Psalm 69:21 is brilliant. I never thought of this as a positive action but based on your evaluation I now agree that the Roman soldier did actually give Christ the vinegar as a gesture of empathy. Thanks very much for posting this.
+Eurotrash4367 My pleasure and thank you for watching :)
Soldiers still risk their lives for paltry pay. Some things never change. Excellent video Metatron
Wonderful video - thank you. As a Catholic, it was so interesting to learn about the importance of the vinegar the Roman soldier gave to our Lord. I did not know the background of this drink and this was entirely new and symbolic for me.
On the subject of Christs crucifixion, when he was given vini to drink I agree it was in compassion, as was his being stabbed with a spear in the chest. Crucifixion was a death of you not being able to breath because your intercostal muscles would be under stress by being hung by your arms and not being able to inhale properly. An injury to those muscles would mean you would die quicker, a mercy killing really. The normal infantry soldier now carries the same weight as a roman soldier did then in battle conditions, so not much has changed if you take away all the mechanisms.
When they stabbed Him with the spear, Christ was already dead, in fact the blood was already separated in blood cells and serum.
Infantry soldiers these days in normal condition go to the battle grounds by motorized vehicles. Legionaries walked for days, weeks or months every evening having to build their fortified camp for the night.
When engaged in battle they did the killing throwing javelins, holding shields and stabbing swords which are basically heavy hand tools requiring more force and stamina than using an assault rifle or throwing hand grenades.
Having served myself in the italian mountain troops this seems quite of a relevant change to me.
Yes, they didn't die from blood loss when crucified, but from asphyxiation. You could breathe out, but not inhale, so they would push themselves up with their legs to get and let out a breath. The Romans broke their legs so they could no longer do this, and thus would die quicker. Sounds cruel, (and the death was cruel, regardless) but if left alone, they could take days to die a horrible death. If they must die this way, at least this was quicker. However, Jesus was already dead when they came to break His legs, so the soldier used his spear to make sure He was.
calcagnolibero That’s why some sieges lasted years. I served in the US Army and would bitch if I had to drive or sit during a long road trip. Couldn’t imagine marching to invade another country.
Agreed. I did not know that crucifixion led to death by asphyxiation. The reason, I have realized, he was stabbed with a spear was not for a quick death. Romans did this to make sure he was dead before taking him off the cross. They did this with many crucifixions and most would be dead by that point.
Your extensive knowledge of Ancient Rome has been of very great use, I am very glad to have stumbled across your channel, and truly appreciate your time and knowledge.
Just a small note, that the Psalms of David would have been written toward the middle of the 11th century B.C [though the Hebrew people having been freed from Philistine (basically Greek colonists) rule just a couple decades prior, if it might have caused a merge in culture.. though I do not know if that applies, or even relates...] Just something to consider...
Thanks Metatron. I'm fascinated by how much the Roman army has become a model for today's modern military. So many ideas have been borrowed from them.
I am catching up on the older videos (obviously) and your English has gotten so much better. I think this is better proof that your system for learning new languages can be successful than anything you could say in a single video. Bravo!
Btw, I am adapting that system to my study of music. After all, music is the 'language' of emotion; is it not?
Very detailed and interesting! Vinegar eh? well I never? hope you do other stuff like this, Roman times were so interesting and so long ago! and seemed to touch all Europeans.
Bryn Noble I have a whole series in mind :D so yes I will, stay tuned :D we will revisit the Roman era together ^^
This was a great video, I really enjoyed it.
Loved his video. And would love more content on Roman military/ Roman Empire
Very interesting! I had no idea about posca! when you mentioned it i went like Aaaaah! and thought of the Roman who gave vinegar to Christ on the cross, and then you mentioned it! hahaha poor misunderstood guy
ShaNagmaImmuru Poor guy xD
petargrad Ye xD
My mother used to have us kids drink vinegar mixed with water. I understand it restores electrolytes when you are physically working hard--sort of the ancient world´s gatorade.
And probably cheaper than doing it with equal measures of salt and sugar - which is also pretty much what all those "sports recovery drinks" are.
From what I understand, Metatron says that soldiers who were disabled by wounds were simply discharged without compensation. This would be a pretty unusual practice in overall military history. Can anyone (maybe Metatron himself) confirm with a source that this was indeed the case in the Roman army?
you're my fav youtuber now tyvm
+Eson Zhao I'm glad to hear that ^^
+Metatron are you Italian
LIGOHOUSE Yes I am ;)
Very interesting I read a lot of Roman History and military campaigns , well presented many thanks
This was an amazing video. Thank you for putting in the effort to make it.
Cool video! Especially clearing up that part about the Roman giving Christ vinegar to drink and that it was the equivalent to drinking of water! I think It's great and very important that you're presenting the historical fact and that can help clear up a lot of peoples minds who think this as act of malice. Very interesting! I'm sure it wasn't straight 100% white vinegar distilled either. Since vinegar is created after the fermentation process takes place and the bacteria start to break down the alcohol, so it would probably be the equivalent to wine that is just starting to turn to vinegar. My thoughts on that point anyway. Great video as always!!
oh and PS: Nothing wrong with long videos! I prefer an in depth look at a topic, than just a skimming over the facts I already knew. You did a great job keeping it interesting and informative. As long as you continue on with that then I think there is nothing wrong with long videos.
3 Gauls disliked this video.
+edstar83 hahaha xD
Asterix Obelix and the Dog?
Your He-man pic alone deserved my like.
As regards nutrition (19:00 or thereabouts): The soldiers were normally issued wheat, but if high brass was in some way displeased, or if a unit was outright being punished, barley was issued. This surprises me. As an amateur gastronomist (or "cook" in less ostentatious parlance), I dare state that the nutritional value of "pearl barley" (barley from which the husk has been removed) cannot be regarded inferior to that of wheat. Barley is of somewhat indifferent taste, but this can easily be turned into an advantage, because such foods (like codfish for example) receive herbs and spices gratefully and cheerfully (anthropocentrically speaking). Herbs and spices were probably easily collected by foraging parties (dill, anise, caraway, cumin, parsley, leeks, and no doubt much else). There is however the disadvantage that barley requires longer cooking time than other cereals I know of. This is a serious drawback when preparing to move off after reveille.
I just like to state this, in case it may influence historical assessment of the oft repeated assertion that barley was issued to legionaries as "punishment". Valete.
Paisano, YOU ROCK!!! Thanks for the education!!! 😊. Just one small thing, if the “helmet” covered the entire head, it was a “helm”. 😉 stata bene!
Have always loved Roman Legionary history.. Looking forward to further vids :-)
The P and S at the end of Corps are silent.
I didn't know, thank you for that
Metatron No problem. I was in the US Marine Corps. Also, leave means vacation, when you leave the military for good, that's a discharge.
Why is it silent
a bit off topic to this particular video but it is military stuff nevertheless:
could you please make a video about left handed warriors, techniques, weaponry and how the different armies / cultures hadled this whole issue?
many years ago, I heard that some ruler established left handed squads because it was totally strange for the majority (right handed) of the enemy. This of course can be a silly legend as well, but the left handed topic still can be interesting
Asian people are about 50/50 left and right handed.
I like the Jeses reference and I like to delude myself into believing that the roman soldier was feeling sorry for yet another man being crucified (crucification is one of the worse ways to die) particularly, since the man was neither murderer or rapist or something. So giving a condemned man something to spice up his last meal really seems like a actual act of kindness, particularly since it likely came out the soldier's own ration. Of what I am certain, is that said soldier hated his job that day.
Do universities hire you to do lectures? If they don`t, they should.
This is a bit late, but he’s actually a professor
Aaron Blankenship this is a bit late but that fact is really cool
@@owenmills3517 hes a legit professor cool thought he was just a enthusiast like all the others cool he certified historian with a history CZcams
@@Senju18 he’s a really educated and cool guy, he knows a ton of languages and yes he is a professor for years now
@@monkeyxpwner yea he is legit professional legit historian, thought first he was youtuber wannabe. Why he one few only ones I'm subscribed too he's great guy
It has been magnificent ,clear and plenty of unknown stuff of information, thank you ever so much!
this guy knows everything ... he's the best on youtube by far.
Nice video. I especially liked the last bit. It's those kind of things that make me love history.
***** I'm glad you did friend ^^ same here I love small details
very interesting and informative. Much appreciated. tks again.
One thing I especially enjoyed about this video was the alternate point of view about such times, e.g., the drinking of vinegar. I would really love more of this. Too often we look at the past through the eyes of the present and get wrong ideas about the past.
The part of Your lecture addressing vinegar was very enlightening, to say the least. Thank you very much.
I just started to watch you videos and I love them you do a great job being very accurate. And since you are a Roman fan boy, maybe you can tell me how accurate was the depiction of Roman life in the HBO series Rome. I only ask for I know they went to a lot of trouble to do so, but I not a trained historian, so I would love you to make a video on this series please.
I love the Biblic historical perspective! Very interesting
great vid. well presented.
Thank you so much ^^
This was really good to watch. You should talk way more about the issues of the Roman soldier. Thanks
I'm new to your channel, only watched a couple of your video's about ancient Rome.... they are long but they are packed with good information :D
Very interesting and informative video!
As a side note, I happened to pause the video at 7:01 and the expression on your face was hilarious XD
HI! great video! Could you talk some more about nutrition? In other eras as well, perhaps? :) thank you
Please do a video on equites and their role in the military as well as their role at home pertaining to their typical estate size, possible protection garrisons for their land , slave amounts, treasury amount, and duties to Rome as well as their local powers. That would be a great video!
Your content is awesome man!!! Keep up the good work brother
Love your videos! Thanks
Brilliant video. Thoroughly enjoyed it. Could watch your vids all day 😁
I'm glad you think so friend
Mamma Mia! I've had a reply from the Metatron himself😋 ( I hope that was an appropriate use of Mamma Mia). Thank you. I do really enjoy your videos, especially your historic ones. Please keep creating such interesting and diverse content. I'm a big fan😁.
P.S could you make more videos about the Romans please, especially about the senate and how the government actually worked. And some videos about Sicily and what life's like there. That would be cool. I live in England by the way. Keep up the good work its massively appreciated.
Have a good day
Always curious about the state-manufactured weapons and armor.. were the Romans the first ones to actually use some kind of assembly line to mass-produce scutums and plate armor? Was there ever a constructed building (factory, I suppose) where this equipment was churned out constantly? Your channel is amazing by the way! I listen to a new video every day when I take my dogs for a walk 😎
I enjoyed your short lecture and would greatly appreciate a longer and more comprehensive lecture. Thank you
I could swear I hear frogs outside your home. Sounds like the frogs I hear in the spring time. Could be another sound though like locust or crickets at night.
Sounds very similar to modern military practices.
Vizzlemeister Indeed it does ^^
Outstanding video. I greatly enjoyed that. Thank you
I found you channel a couple of days ago, and I have to say, excellent conent, keep up the good work!
One thing I think that would make you channel even more awesome :) is to give some sort of a "source list" under your videos, so if someone wants to get more information can get the books/check the sites for themselves!
+András Csaba Horváth Hey there thank you very much for your comment and thank you for watching. Yes I have been thinking of giving sourses like a bibliography and maybe in the future I'll start doing that, at the moment as that would slow down the editing I think I won't, but in the future if the channel grows and I'll be able to dedicate more time to it I'll definitely start doind that ^^
About vinegar: you are correct. The anti-bacterial properties of the Roman Army drink were important to cater for their health, as they frequently had to drink from insalubrious waters. So, as you very correctly say, they were not doing to Christ anything else than what they did for themselves. Well observed, my respects for your rendition.
Ciao Metatron! I have a question: do you have any information about the rate of soldiers eho actually finish their service time and enjoyed their retirement? What was the life expectation for an average foot soldier? Thanks a lot, ¡saludos desde Costa Rica!
Excellent - thank you. I learned some things that make sense to me .... so 24 minutes very well spent .....
I am sorry, i can't make out word about gall. "It wasn't animal, it was most likely..." .what?
And I absolutely love it
I really liked this video nicely done
Spartacus, Crixus and Gannicus disliked this video
+basspl4y4 You wait a few more days... soon Oenomus and Castus will catch up.
+basspl4y4 Looks like Hannibal and Arminius joined the thumb down club.
Der deutsche Adler Those bastards! Just because they thrashed the Romans at Cannae and Teutoburg Forest, doesn't mean they can say anything.
Ulfric Ruthgardsson On youtube everyone can say what he wants.
Der deutsche Adler I know, but these guys have got to know respect. These are famous generals. And the one thing they know is the life of a Roman Soldier.
HOW DARE THEY DISLIKE THE VIDEO! If it weren't for this, maybe they would've lost Cannae and Teutoburg. The world would've been a different place.
Keep them coming
nageek635 oh ye :D
Your videos always entertaining and have a great production value
Great video. I have a better understanding now.
A very enjoyable video. You sir, just earned yourself a subscriber.
I have chosen my user name during my study time of Roman Law. So I know It is complicated and requires a lot of researches but It will still be good for you to mention about Roman Law as well. Love your efforts on this channel. And remember to spread your wings!
Wonderful video, I'd like to know what the daily training regimen was for Roman soldiers and how long their work day and work week was.
Thanks for the video it was really interesting.
akagruntkiller Thank you very much for watching and commenting :D
It's so nice that Jesus is explaining the life of a Roman soldier to me. Talk about forgiveness!
Some points:
At the start, during the time of the Roman Republic, you make it appear as if citizens *wished* to join the army. I think it was more a matter of *duty,* because in our times, conscription is still a matter of duty, in contrast to a voluntary army. So citizens who did not meet the requirements, did not have to serve, whereas the other citizen were obliged to serve. Nothing to do with *wishing* to serve.
One of the main reasons for the Marian Reforms in my opinion, was the fact that Rome was no longer fighting short, defensive wars close to home but long campaigns farther from home. Because Roman legionaires were mostly farmers who owned land, being away from home fighting meant they could not work their lands so they could not produce any crops.
With the requirement of owning land lifted and switching to an army of volunteers, Roman farmers no longer had to risk losing their livelyhoods when a campaign lasted longer than first thought. And since there was no lack of poor people, the original plebejans or plebs, it was in everybody's interest to have a large army of volunteers of poor people. These poor people, instead of loitering around in the streets and alleys of Rome and being tempted to a life of crime, could now do something useful that would help the Roman empire, far away from home.
And the reason that the emperor was the only one who could give the soldiers their share of the loot had more to do with keeping ambitious generals from becoming too powerful who might then be tempted to march on Rome with their legion, like Julius Caesar did. Incidentally, the first emperor of Rome, Augustus, was of Caesar's nephew, formerly known as Octavianus. He had seen himself how his uncle had forged a strong bond between him the general and his soldiers, which allowed him to march on Rome and prolong his military dictatorship indefinitely. That is, untill he was murdered by Republican loyalists.
+AudieHolland This brings up a question, how did the Emperor divide up the loot? Was everything just collected up after a battle, put into the Legion's collection area, then later brought to Rome where the Emperor would look at each legion's loot and then divvy it up amongst the troops? While I can understand the reasoning behind it at the same time it seems rather cumbersome although I suppose that the Emperor probably had clerks to do the actual divvying up and the Emperor just made some sort of proclamations granting the troops their loot. Still, it seems cumbersome unless the commander of each legion kept a record of of which legionnaire did what and who was particularly deserving and then submitted that to the Emperor along with the loot. Or did each legionnaire have a record of what they looted and the Emperor, based on input from the legionnaire's commanders, then decided if he was entitled to what he looted and, if so, how much?
I'm really curious as to how this all worked because I had always thought that looting and pillaging was a simple matter of the individual soldier keeping everything they managed to loot. The idea that it was all divvied up by the commander of each Legion and then the Emperor is interesting.
I have that tunic 😄. At 175cm I'd be tall for a Roman lol. I actually learned that my great great grandfather was from the Lazio region, which puts me as a late late LATE Roman descendant. This made me smile inside.
Another amazing video
He is great in any of his documentaries.
Sei veramente interessante e beninforamato e mi godo sentire i vostri discorsi, pero sei veramente un capellono, amico mio! :-)
Nice talk, loads of information bundled together well
I'm really glad you liked it :)
Very educational, thanks for posting
Well. I just mixed some vinegar from apples and water to taste it. It wasn't bad. A little sugar and it would probably taste like lemonade. But I don't have any sugar in the house to test that theory.
Thank you for the insight on poska.
Also ur vids are really informative and its just really fun to hear about the mighty romans
I'm in the US Army and listening to this is just amazing how structured our military is off Rome. I knew we had similarities , but hearing the fine detail.. it's quite interesting. Even the discharge , or leave as you called it ( which is temporary for holidays, emergencies etc..) is almost identical. We have honorable discharged, general discharge, other than honorable, and dishonorable discharge . Also with 2o years being the full stint for retirement ( of course you can go longer ).
Let's just hope we don't repeat the same mistakes as a country and the Roman Empire did. .
I just tried some vinegar and water lemme say something it tastes good.
I DID TOO: It's quite refreshing. I should make a bottle of this when I travel with trains.
Burns the meal inside I tell ya.
I have to say that I like watching an Italian talking about the Romans. That is the closest thing you can get to an inside perspective.
hearing latin with an italian accent is kinda funny :) but again good video mate!
Very informative about the Roman soldier sharing his drink with Jesus. Nice to have one's viewpoint changed!
interesting pint of view about the vinagre and crist wonderfull material , congrats man
Excellent video!
great channel. The Videos you make are very interesting.
Very nice Video! Your channel is very informative :D
thank you so much for this video it was very useful!
Very educational, thank you.
Roman cookery demo and recipes would be interesting.