The Suspicious Soviet Space Shuttle
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- čas přidán 30. 09. 2021
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In the mid 1970’s, the Soviet Union felt threatened after hearing that the Americans were working on a winged space vehicle. Although the US and the Soviet Union had periods of healthy cooperation in the past, they also had a history of intense competition when it came to space. The Soviets held the record for launching the first satellite into orbit, but America managed to beat them to the Moon. This video looks at how the Soviets managed to get their hands on important Shuttle documents in order to create an even more advanced version of the Space Shuttle called the Buran.
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References:
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Music used in this video:
» Infinite Perspective - Kevin MacLeod
» From Russia With Love - Huma Huma
» Soviet March - Shane Ivers
» Cloud Wheels Castle Builder - Puddle of Infinity
» Back To Vik - Text Me Records
Credits:
Written and edited by Ewan Cunningham ( / ewan_cee )
Narrated by: Beau Stucki
#SovietUnion #SpaceShuttle #Buran - Věda a technologie
What do you think of the Buran? - Shoutout to Skillshare for supporting this video! Try it out for free here: skl.sh/primalspace06211
Really cool design, also the Mustard video about the Buran is worth a watch!
czcams.com/video/CwLx4L5NRU0/video.html
It had some advantages over the Space Shuttle it was copied from. Shame it never saw real service.
I will always think of the(subpar) Bond film Moonraker when I think of that era.
Not just a copy of the American Shuttle but an improved version of it. Aside from the stealing of technical information, it was well designed. So sad their programme died.
Incidentally, the last 2 Buran shuttles have recently been vandalized: some dimwit wannabe gangsta spraypainted tags on them....
I don't think it was "stealing" from the USA per se but it was just the most effective aerodynamic craft for it's use. Bit disingenuous to say they copied the USA without mentioning the fact that it was almost aerodynamically perfect for the task so you kind of have to use that shape for the design.
Cool but it is a Russian knockoff 🇷🇺
The Buran did make history despite its sadly short lifetime. It became the first ever spaceplane to ascend to orbit and land back on Earth fully autonomously
Isn't it still the only crew capable space plane that has done that?
@@Qwarzz Yes, and will be until Dream Chaser flies crew
@@sebastiaomendonca1477 or ISRO's rlv TD
Not really, the final design scrapped the conventional engines that allowed for independent launch when the Soviets realised it was impossible to protect them under re-entry temperatures
@@IIXRATEDIIHiTMAN the jet engines had nothing to do with anything I said
Contents: spies copy-paste spies copy-paste spies spies spies.
Meanwhile:
1. totally different engine scheme (Shuttle had a pull up a big-ass tank, Buran was just a passenger on big-ass rocket)
2. because of that Buran had better space engines and thus maneurability
3. buran launched and automatically landed unmanned
4. Unlike Buran, Columbia and Challenger didn't have any serious safety/escape features. Because it's cheaper ©
I mean, the buran ejection seats were not rated for use at mach 23 so I don't see how it could have helped in Columbia's case
Thank you for saving me 9 minutes and 32 seconds of time.
The Buran was primarily a political "answer" to the American shuttle. Therefore, the technical solution of the opponent was copied. Similarly, it was in the Concorde case. The shuttle documentation was accessible in every school library in the US. In the 1980s, I personally had the structural plans of the American shuttle - legally in AutoCAD 9. The aim was to burden the Soviet economy, which we succeeded. The Soviet philosophy of autonomous unmanned proceedings caused the defeat of the Soviets in the fight for a Moon. The automat must operate at 100 + 10 percent. While American philosophy has replaced failure hardware and software with a special expertise that could solve problems. The Soviet astronaut was only a passenger without expertise with some political function. Autonomous driving was not a good solution at the time. If the buran was in full operation, this would prove to be a weak place. The starting configuration of the Soviet shuttle was also not good either. The buran had to have engines on at the start, because the connecting beams would not last overload. For the same reason, the American shuttle engines were powered by a large tank. The tank was carried by two solid fuel engines. In addition to the tank, everything was recyclable. The Soviet way required to build a new expensive rocket. The Soviet starting configuration did not bring any useful advantage - the shuttle fuel was consumed. The American shuttle had its own fuel supplies for maneuvering the main engines, but in an acceptable amount. The maneuverability Buran was not better because the positions of hydrazine nozzles were copied. The fuel in the buran went at the expense of the cargo space. Security measures were the same for all American shuttles - separation from the main reservoir. This configuration did not allow other solutions. Catapult can be used in the landing phase above the ground. However, this was the result of automatic control, while the American method relied on the expertise of the crew, for example, the chassis was pulled out manually, as on the plane. This eliminated automatic failure - it was not necessary to install catapult.
There is also a Prototype of the Buran shuttle in a German Museum in Speyer one can visit. It was used to test atmospheric flight similar to Enterprise. (If you want to see a Buran without breaking into a facility in the middle of nowhere)
Take this fake pos out of my sight bro
Wow what is it doing in Speyer
@@JackBlackNinja the Germans purchased it and brought it to the museum and renovated it. I've been to that museum and seen the Buran prototype. You can look into the payload bay as well as the flight deck through the rear deck windows. If you are in Germany and love aerospace, it's worth the trip.
@@johngunderson5463 that's awesome thanks for the info. Been all around little ole Speyer but never to the museum
The only one to fly was destroyed years ago. Three remain in the hangar, but of those, only 1 was intended for space, snd it was never actually completed. The others are test vehicles. None are technically owned by Russia now since they have been abandoned so long.
The one in Germany was actually found in Bahrain, though its apparently uncertain exactly how it got there. It was actually cheaper to move one from Bahrain to Germ as ny than from Kazakhstan tk Germany, since the trip from Bahrain could be done by boat. The only way to move the ones in Kazakhstan is by plane, and the only one designed to carry Buran is the AN-225, and its extra bracing was stripped out long sgo to create room for its new life as a mega-cargo plane, and the mounts on the NASA 747 Shuttle carriers don't match the Buran.
This was a nice intro into how the Buran was created, but more was needed about Buran's first (and only) actual space flight in November of 1988.
The real value was in the Energia launcher that carried Buran into orbit. Unlike the space shuttles' SRBs and fuel tank, it had been part of a parallel project to develop a heavy-lift rocket for the USSR. Meaning that it could potentially have been used without a shuttle attached to it, carrying heavy payloads into orbit or into translunar injection. Had the USSR not plunged into economic collapse, they would have been ahead of the U.S. in launch capability, as by that point we no longer had a true heavy-lift rocket ever since the Saturn V was discontinued.
Also scrapped before it actually did anything, parallel indeed.
@@goldenfloof5469 - The USSR collapsed. The space program was the last thing they could afford to put more money into. It's why they're still flying Soyuz today. They touted that they were developing a newer capsule way back when we started our Commercial Crew Program. But we have yet to see any evidence that Russia has made any progress. Likely because Putin is blowing his budget trying to conquer Ukraine.
@@goldenfloof5469 uh it had two flights, one carrying the spacecraft polyus, and the second carrying the buran
This launch vehicle was being prepared for a mission to Mars. Since only it made it possible to launch into orbit blocks weighing 100 tons, which, subsequently, could be assembled into an interplanetary ship.
The collapse of the USSR greatly influenced the speed of development of space technologies. The world has just started to receive similar technologies.
The Energia rockets were a family of rockets. The smallest of them could put 100 tons into orbit. Other designed rockets made it possible to carry a much larger load (up to 200 tons), but it were never built due to the collapse of the country. The design of the further development of the Energia - Energia II rocket (Vulkan) was also carried out. It was supposed to be a fully reusable rocket.
The bit about the wind tunnel research and the the Buran's very similar appearance to the space shuttle was especially fascinating!
They actually created a superior shuttle IMO. They also did test flights of a mini Buran called BOR 5. Buran also wouldn't need to have engines refitted after every launch like the US Space Shuttle.
Aerodynamics is a hard science and the airframe design of the shuttles was already optimal for their intended operation. Coming up with a different airframe would have been a pointless symbolic gesture at best.
@@darkflier666 n
What do you expect from copy paste 😆
@@marcelk3847 cope harder, the soviet union won the space race, nasa could only play catch up, their only space first was the moon landings, which werent the first by the way, just the first manned ones. and thats why americans never shut the fuck up about them.
2:00 Factual error: There were no private institutions in the communist system. The OKB were state owned bureaus supervised by the military and political managers.
The video is also wrong - Brezhnev does not discuss the shuttle, but threatens the delegation from Czechoslovakia just before the 1968 invasion.
This video is a great example of what happens when you take the editorial gatekeepers out of the creative-content chain and let people vanity publish whatever the heck they think they have to say. The truth about the Buran / Shuttle similarity is that the Space Shuttle was *never* classified. NASA Director Alan Lovelace once said in an interview, "To my knowledge the Soviets never actually wrote to us and asked for the technical drawings -- but if they had, we would have happily sent them over. There was nothing secret about the development of the Space Transportation System."
That's such a good point
imagine hypothetical universe where two nations USSR and USA works together on something like that. Or lack of competition makes the space race very slow?
I suggest you watch" for all the mankind"
An 225 - Mriya build for Buran!
Rip
Finally a buran video! There is something soo fascinating in the soviet version of the shuttle! "Autolanding" in the 80s! Just wow
czcams.com/video/XLOCQw5s9Uw/video.html
Not just auto landing... There is a famous story of this landing. Ground control lost communication with the shuttle as the shuttle was approaching from the correct direction given the current weather conditions but the ground crew did not know that's what it was doing. It managed to touch down within 10 feet of the target on the runway. Buran was at least a decade ahead of the US Space Shuttle
The Soviets insisted ALL their spacecraft be capable of fully autonomous operations from the very start... Early on the Mercury US spacecraft was similarly designed, but the astronauts INSISTED on having more flight control capabilities in their spacecraft, so the US fundamentally diverged from the Soviets in this respect. The Soviets perfected automated rendezvous and docking (ARD) technology WAY back in the 1960's, where the US used computers to calculate the approach maneuvers to bring two spacecraft into proximity to one another, and relied on the astronaut to perform the final docking maneuver, all through Gemini, Apollo, and the shuttle days. It's only been with Crew Dragon that we've actually developed the capability to perform ARD in the US. The Soviets also pioneered automated fuel transfer between spacecraft, perfected and flown since the mid-late 70's on their "Progress" resupply freighter/tankers, which refuelled, resupplied, and reboosted their Salyut and Mir space stations and the ISS for decades now.
The US *could* have developed an autolanding system for the shuttle even back in the 70's, but they QUITE INTENTIONALLY DID NOT. The reason was, in the 70's came the rise of political factions who wanted to cancel manned spaceflight entirely-- they had been in the background even during the Apollo days, but had been marginalized in the need to "beat the Soviets" to the Moon, and demonstrate the superiority of our technical prowess and institutions to create the technology to do so and "win the Cold War" so to speak. With the onset of "detente" with the Soviets in the early-mid 70's, the oil embargo and crisis and the economic malaise turning into stagflation and soaring interest rates as the 70's wore on, with a tired American taxpayer now distrustful of gubmint in the wake of Watergate, and tired of huge gubmint spending programs on military technologies for the Cold War that simply furthered the arms race and spent huge sums of money, these politicians with their "save the taxpayer money" theme gained prominence... Chief among them Senators like William Proxmire, who made hay out of irresponsible gubmint spending for things like $400 hammers and $4,000 toilet seats with his "Golden Fleece" awards to highlight such gubmint overspending and tomfoolery. Walter Mondale, who would ultimately be Carter's Vice President, was also a vocal and powerful opponent of NASA manned spaceflight, calling for it to be cancelled as wasteful and expensive. NASA, who's chief mission had been to assure American preeminence in spaceflight, primarily by beating the Soviets to the Moon, were now promoting the shuttle and sold it on the premise that it would be a much CHEAPER, ROUTINE access to space vehicle, carrying crews and cargoes up into space and coming back to be REUSED AGAIN AND AGAIN, like an "airliner to space". NASA made a lot of promises and cooked a lot of numbers on false or unrealistic presumptions and assumptions in order to "prove" their shuttle would be a huge money-saver... which it definitely WAS NOT and NEVER COULD BE. Having sold the shuttle and gained approval and funding (insufficient, but funding nonetheless) for it, the nagging problem remained that *IF* shuttles COULD operate completely autonomously, IF they had that capability, then it was STILL in the realm of possibility that at some point the beancounters might actually manage to cancel manned spaceflight, disband the astronaut corps, and leave NASA flying an AUTOMATED shuttle with no crews aboard. Thus, the designed shuttle to *REQUIRE* a pilot on the stick and rudders to land the shuttle-- even though of course it could launch unmanned, fly in space unmanned, open its payload bay and deploy its cargo autonomously, perform the maneuvers and retrofire to return to Earth and fly through reentry all under computer control, the last "three minutes of flight" were deliberabley DESIGNED to require a human at the controls, to put the thing down on the runway... without it, shuttle COULD NOT FLY and return to Earth... SO by doing it that way, they ENSURED that at least SOME crew would still be required for shuttles to fly, and since shuttle was being promoted and basically forcing all competing existing expendable unmanned launch vehicles out of existence in the US, cutting manned spaceflight would by definition GROUND the space shuttles as well, leaving the US with NO space launch capability whatsoever... a masterful stroke of political chicanery that basically made manned spaceflight "IMMUNE from cancellation" in the future...
Later! OL J R :)
@@lukestrawwalker let me introduce you to a new term:
par·a·graph
/ˈperəˌɡraf/
Learn to pronounce
noun
a distinct section of a piece of writing, usually dealing with a single theme and indicated by a new line, indentation, or numbering.
The Fokker-100 was the first commercial aircraft in 1986 which also featured auto-land.
I saw a Buran on display at VDNH park in Moscow in 2019. I think it may have been an early prototype that never actually flew.
Speyer museum in Germany also has one on display the OK-GLI which was used for 25 test flights.
During the entry, descent and landing (EDL) on that first Buran flight, the unfilled gaps between the heat shield tiles tripped the boundary layer and resulted in local and downstream turbulent flow and consequent tremendous overheating. This melted the edges of the tiles and melted the aluminum skin of that orbiter in the tile gap area.
Side note: During a trip to Moscow in Nov 1992, I was able to see a full-size Buran test article that was on display in Gorki Park. The Russian engineer accompanying me remarked that the vehicle on that first Buran flight would require a lot of repairs before flying again.
Бред
@@user-cq2db2kv1xbrad?
It’s now in what used to be called the Park of Economic Achievement, in north east Moscow.
@@52robboэто мокет для аэродинамический трубы
В космос он точно не летал настоящей буран погиб под завалом крыши
I saw one of the Busan prototypes when it was brought to Sydney, Australia in 2000. I took one of my sons to see it, but he was too young to fully appreciate it. But, he wasn't alone, as it was taken away less than a year later due to a "lack of interest"! ☹️
Now this Buran is in a museum @ Speyer in Germany.
Was it really a lack of interest or the Aussies just didn't want to be seen to be too pally with the Ruskies?
In Germany we still have the Buran in the Space and Flightmuseum in Speyer.
czcams.com/video/XLOCQw5s9Uw/video.html
Dann weiß ich was mein nächstes Reiseziel ist
Yeah and there is a lot of other cool stuff there
Isn’t it just a mock-up of one?
@@mustang5132 it was the prototype they did manned test flights in.
The one that got destroyed in the hangar collapse was an actual orbiter, the only one that got to space for one unmanned test flight.
The number one reason the Buran was better than the Space Shuttle was the fact that the main engines were not located on the Shuttle itself but on a separate booster as it is not needed in orbit. This allowed for more cargo space, weight , turnaround time and reduces main engine damage from space. It also allowed engineers to work on the main engines while the spacecraft was in orbit.
how is that an advantage? so you would have to build and use new engines every time instead of reusing them. Aerodynamics had similar flaws as STS 1 and 2 , just a matter of time until they had their own Columbia disaster.
That’s not the number one reason. The number one reason was probably the capability to launch and land unmanned, because the weight of life support and other things like food could be removed, allowing higher payload capacity. Also it’s better for military launches as there would be no astronauts that would know about it, unlike the American shuttle.
@@mercuryfalconog Allowed for a higher payload capacity. The Energia could use this advantage to fly without Buran (it could launch 100t to orbit without Buran), as it did with the Polyus space station (sadly/thankfully the Polyus orbital battlestation deorbited itself with OMS instead of circularising). There were designs and proposed derivatives intended to recover and reuse the Zenit boosters and the Energia core but as with the Buran spaceplane and the Energia rocket, they fell with the Soviet Union. The system was more robust as the Energia could be used for other payloads and could lift 4 times as much payload as the STS but could also serve as a crew launch vehicle or a spacecraft that could recover satellites and other spacecraft.
@@fork9001 I looked into the Buran-Energia program more in depth and am impressed about some of its twerks like autonomous landing in 1988! Sad that it came to a stop. Would have loved to see a docking on the MIR by a Buran. Both STS and Buran-Energia are such a magical part of space exploration. Russia should really get back into space research the past decade has been slow
@@mercuryfalconog They are working on a new rocket and spacecraft for lunar landings. The rocket is called Yenisei and the spacecraft is Orel. Both are supposed to fly by 2028 but lunar landings should be in the 2030s. Assuming current events don’t affect the timeline.
there are fascinating video's on CZcams on Buran
including how they tested it using 4 Turbo-Jets
while being videoed from a MiG 25 Foxbat interceptor chase aircraft.
Fun to see a video exploring the espionage side of the Buran story, instead of just the technology side.
It is mostly a fantasy.
The Buran prototype equivalent to Shuttle Enterprise is resting at the Technical Museum in Speyer, Germany.
The prototype took off on 31 December 1968 near Moscow from Zhukovsky Airport two months before Concorde's first flight. The Tu-144 broke the speed of sound on June 5, 1969, and on May 26, 1970, became the first commercial aircraft to exceed Mach 2. Oops
I could well imagine a docking, reminiscent of the Apollo-Soyuz rendezvous, between these two space planes. The meeting of shuttles could've been, in one vain, a showcase & demonstration of the viable technical capabilities and compatibility of these two space agencies' vehicles, and in another, to serve as an announcement for the ISS to the world. Just imagine having both of these spacecraft working, either individually or in tandem, to build the Station. The savings, in both time and money, plus the potential of further modules being sent aloft should the need for them arise. Tis such a shame.
Thankfully, the heady days of the grand potentials of spaceflight have returned, and 5he SpaceX Starship is about to lead the way.
Great video, but why does everyone forget that one Buran prototype is sitting in a museum in Germany? Granted it never reached space and was never planned to, but it did fly under its own Power!
So many mentions of that since posting this video. Perhaps an update is in order! :)
I know, great exhibit in the Technikmuseum Speyer, and its sister site Sinsheim has the Tu144.
Sometimes the copy is much better then the original and this case is exactly that ! ☺️
No its not😂😂
@@xtriplexvisionx yes it is !
Bro got a Yugoslavia pfp wouldn't expect any better
@@mrshonk3948 I do not understand what do you mean.
The Buran never went to space with a crew or life support systems on board. It could land by itself! But so could the shuttle... The Buran also returned from it's only launch damaged to the point that it could never fly again.
Keeping a crew alive and returning in working condition is the main point of a "space shuttle." We will never know if the Buran could have been improved to that point.
the test mule with the jet engines on the side flew with a crew iirc. It is still on display at the Technik Museum Sinsheim in Germany
@@Kommunisator Yes the BTS-02 took 25 flights using jet engines with a crew of 2. But it was not a launch capable spaceplane, and had no life support systems.
Amazing video!
Best Buran video yet. Nice one. I have one of their design docs from soviet times given to us by a friend of my family. I remember watching some documentary on Buran and the shuttle and the nasa guy found it amusing the KGB stole plans as they were never classified and they might have given them to them if they'd asked ( I doubt it but still funny )
It is a hoax. Soviets had much simpler ways to transfer documents using diplomatic mail.
Interesting video, would've loved to know the sources for your research.
I wonder if the Buran had been put into service if they would have had the same technical, maintenance, and reliability issues that the shuttle had? I'm going to guess yes, as this design seems to be inherently complex.
Well, it wouldn't have had as many issues as the Space Shuttle had. The Soviets used the extra money that would have gone into research to improve the design of Buran, in order to make it better. And, in some ways, the Burand truly was better than the Space Shuttle.
@@Tresar_04 exactly. No solid rocket boosters. instead it used liquid fuel which was more flexible (it could throttle and steer) and safer since it could be shut off unlike SRBs. No engines on the shuttle other than oms and thrusters. Larger cargo bay as a result. Wish it could have gone into regular service.
@@Gibson99 The stack that lofted buran was not reusable, only the shuttle itself was. That said, the russians can build rocket engines for less money than an SRB refurbishment cost(s). On the other hand, SRBs deliver exceptionally high thrust-to-weight ratio improvement.
czcams.com/video/XLOCQw5s9Uw/video.html
No... the Soviets knew the costs of spaceflight, theirs as well as ours, from our own open media no less, and perhaps spying on internal documents.... they KNEW NASA was lying about the "savings" of the space shuttle in terms of costs of spaceflight, which is what aroused their suspicion... when they determined it could be a first-strike weapon, they determined to build their own to demonstrate "strategica parity" with the US, thus to deter its use as such.
Basically, that's why they designed, built, and flew Buran one time, and then didn't use it again. It never even flew with a crew, only unmanned. Their well-tested and well proven "Soyuz launcher", evolved from their old "Semyorka" R-7 missile of the late 50's that had orbited Sputnik and Gagarin and all their previous manned spaceflights, along with the evolved versions of their venerable Soyuz capsules, had been flying crews successfully and much more cheaply to their Salyut space stations and then Mir for decades at that point, despite being a fully expendable system... So don't fix what's not broken!
They developed Buran to counter the US strategic capabilities of the shuttle as a potential nuclear bomber, that was it. For "routine" manned spaceflight, it was the more expensive option, and they knew it, thus they never used it for that. The US had foolishly placed all its eggs in the shuttle basket when shuttle was approved, and had spent SO much money on it and had SO many vested interests wanting to see it continue, that even the Challenger disaster, which proved shuttle to be a vulnerable, brittle design that was overcomplicated, super-expensive, and would NEVER measure up to the promises made for it, it managed to survive ANYWAY and continue for another 13 years-- it took the death of another crew and destruction of another shuttle to finally drive the point home that shuttles were a flawed and compromised design that would never be "inherently safe" and that they should be retired...
Energia, Buran's launch vehicle, was a super-heavy launched designed by Korolev's old partner/nemesis Valentin Glushko, who in the early 70's after Korolev's successor after his untimely death in early 1966, Vasily Mishin, had been unable to bring to successful flight after 3 disastrous attempts, Glushko convinced the Soviet leadership to replace Mishin with himself, and of course he got approval to cancel N-1 in favor of his own pet project, the Energia rocket, named after his new enterprise after his own design bureau was merged with Korolev's old OKB-1 design bureau... Thus "Energia" was sold to the Soviet leadership as the ultimate HLV for the coming decades. As it turned out, it was too expensive for the money the Soviet space program had, given their faltering economy, so it too was cancelled after only two launches-- the first being Polyus, the space battle station that was their answer to the US "Star Wars" Strategic Defense Initiative" (SDI) program, and the second being Buran. After that it too never launched again and was ultimately canceled, though a cheaper single-hydrogen engine twin-booster downsized version was proposed but never funded...
One can speculate endlessly about how the Soviet space program might have turned out had they not suffered economic problems that ultimately led to the collapse of the Soviet Union, but it's all basically fantasy or alternate history...
Later! OL J R :)
Thanks for the free month of Skillshare!
Also... the medium in which these machines operate is the same so the engineering is inevitable to be similar. Boats and submarines are similar despite who produce them because they all move on the surface of the water or under it.
I can't believe I'm about to defend the soviets, but just in this case, it's deserved.
Did they steal a lot of information about the Shuttle? Yes. Could they have copied the design? Yes. Did they copy the design? Nope.
Most important elements of the Buran were *entirely* different from the Shuttle. Buran didn't have any engines, and launched on Energia, using a hydrogen stage and four liquid fuel boosters. The Shuttle, on the other hand, had its own engines, and use an external tank plus two solid fuel boosters. That is the most important part of the design, and it's radically different. The aerodynamic profile of the Buran and Shuttle were different enough that whatever info they stole on wind-tunnel testing was irrelevant, and they did a lot of wind-tunnel testing. There are still wooden prototypes of the Buran that were used for wind-tunnel testing. The Shuttle was tested by deploying it, unpowered, from a 747, while Buran had its own jet engines. They flew their prototype with jet engines *dozens of times*.
The Buran looked similar to the Shuttle for the same reason the A320 looks similar to the 737: Because they both work under the same laws of physics.
I both want to praise you and scold you for this comment
czcams.com/video/XLOCQw5s9Uw/video.html
@@davidodonovan4982 Loved that video when it was first uploaded. The Buran was soooo much better than the shuttle and unfortunate that it never went in to service. Even the shuttle engineers weren't mad at the design stating what the original comment already said in that the physics of the concept would've produced essentially the same thing with the given technology at the time.
Totally agreed!
1:06 You forget :
First Man on Orbit in 12.04.61,
First Manned Space Walk in 18.03.65,
First Woman Cosmonaut in 16.06.63.
...
Yep, I agree man.
Yeah, the ussr was winning for most of the space race
No one can argue if The Buran was better or worse the the nasa shuttle. You can’t argue the point. 1 flight up and down doesn’t create a record of success. As much as I would have liked to see the Buron used and develop an operation record it is a failed craft. Failed because the country found it was not needed and ended the program. Regardless of what pressures caused Russia to stop makes no difference it never got to prove itself. 1 flight does not make a flight record. It is pointless to argue how good or how ban Buron was because it is no more canceled before it was even ready for service. Buron is just that a Buron an untested spacecraft.
How can we say it was one of the most advanced space vehicles of its time? The whole point of the shuttle program was a RE-USABLE space vehicle. The Soviets did not build that. For sure, they never once proved that they did. Until they could make that claim, Buran was just a single use space craft that quite possibly, never even had a life support system. There is no proof of anything. It never carried a pilot. It never performed a single experiment. It didn't build anything or launch a satellite. It never even went back to space to prove the Soviets could do it twice..... much less28 flights by the shuttle the Russians were trying to copy.... Columbia.... So exactly how was it one of the most advanced space vehicles of its time? It did nothing but go up and then run to the barn. It has a cool name though.
The answer to your question is pretty simple, - It was one of the most advanced shuttles for its time, considering that the Soviet union and the USA pioneered the technology.
The best form of flattery.
Praising this thing is a stretch. None of the systems needed to support life were installed. There were many systems that could have added years of development to complete. The Space Shuttle will more than likely be the most complicated system design ever developed for years to come. I definitely feel nervous about Space X and what's to come of their current design.
Did not know this. Thanks for sharing!
You mention it being superior than the space shuttle. Would be interesting to watch a video where you went indepth and compared them.
Mustard did a video on the Buran, if you're interested.
czcams.com/video/XLOCQw5s9Uw/video.html
@@ajrobbins368 Thanks, have to check it out!
There’s another Buran in a German museum. It’s the Technikmuseum Speyer. It’s nice, you can even touch it.
Very cool. I would love the chance to go see that!
@@primalspace the mounted actual jet engines to the Buran so it could take off on its own for test flights too.
czcams.com/video/WqZg0WbVE6w/video.html
There is an important documentary about the Buran linking up with the USA shuttle for a joint mission to the distant planet Uranus.
Why would anyone do that in a shuttle ?
What’s with thumbnail image? The outboard elevons are missing on Buran, and the starboard SRB nozzle is gone from the shuttle stack.
Why not mention now that the Spiral looks so much like sierra space's dream chaser or whatever it's called?
There is actually a Buran sitting in the technical museum Speyer in Germany. It's on my profile picture:)
Wasn't that the atmospheric testing prototype with the jet engines? Only 3 space worthy versions were built, and as said the actual flight proven version was destroyed in the collapse and the other two are in the other hangar.
Stealing German Scientist was easier than you think by NASA 👍😀😘
The Russians also stole their fair share of German scientists.
do a video about what made it more advanced what were all those features??
Best coverage of the BURAN program to date. Way to go!
Thanks Randy!
Interesting. I just read the Farewell Dossier last week! Farewell was Vetrov's codename with the French, IIRC..
NASA: Have you seen my space shuttle?
USSR: OUR SPACE SHUTTLE
Noo
USSR: what space shuttle oh this one ,uhm yeah this is ours
Soviet Union: Fuck off, NASA. This is the Buran, not your little wimpy space shuttle.
NASA: I still won the Space Race.
Soviet Union: CYKA BLAT!!
No reusable fuel and engine parts using the Energia Booster, though. There are some jet engines on one of the Russian orbiters, however.
The Buran had a short life indeed and not too much of a legacy, but I think the RD-170 engines that were developed as part of the Buran program ultimately had a very significant legacy
The repeated footage of people sitting at the negotiating desk like 6:18 is the Czechoslovakia president, prime minister and additional politicians having a government discussion with most likely Russians around the 1968 Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia.
This is mindblowing!
I would give them credit for upgrading it to top tier
Regarding the double agent situation: we will never know, who stole what from whom. Btw. it is good for the competition and evolution of mankind.
Even at that time a Western engineer said that when you're faced with the same challenges you tend to find the same solutions.
Launched like a rocket, return like a glider.
Those dopes shoulda stole the plans of how to build a metal shed to store the thing in...
The Spiral had to have inspired TNC's Dream Chaser spaceplane. They're very similar.
I was thinking the exact same thing!
I believe a lot of the Spiral’s designs were given to NASA at some point in the 90s, at which point NASA built their own mock-up of the concept and were considering doing a test vehicle with that design. The concept never took off, but SNC took a lot of the work done by NASA on the design and used it for dreamchaser. So yes, in a kind of roundabout way, Dreamchaser is derived from Spiral.
@@alt8791 Dreamchaser grew out of work done on NASA's "Orbital Space Plane" (OSP) program in the 90's... after the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicles (EELV's-- Delta IV and Atlas V) were developed for the Air Force for national security launches, to replace the expensive Titan IV (which itself was an outgrowth of the Titan III launcher, which was revived and enhanced after the Challenger disaster demonstrated the idiocy of relying on a SINGLE COMPLEX AND LIMITED MANNED SPACECRAFT (the shuttle) to launch essential national security payloads that could more easily, cheaply, and more timely be launched by unmanned expendable launch vehicles). NASA was always tinkering on the sidelines with other designs, other ideas, and one idea for a potential shuttle replacement was a small "crew taxi" space vehicle consisting of a small winged lifting body vehicle launched atop one of the EELV versions, probably a heavy 3 core version. Delta IV Heavy with its single core and two near-identical side booster "common cores" was developed, it was expensive, and sufficient for the needs of the military to launch large spysats and such, so the similar "backup design" of the Atlas V Heavy with three identical common cores was never developed. OSP was often shown in concept art launching atop an Atlas V Heavy, which was still in development when the OSP program got its start. OSP had kind of grown out of the realization that basically the shuttle was lousy at the job it was originally intended to do... supplying and ferrying astronauts to/from a space station, and station construction. While it could loft a large, heavy payload, and crews to do construction work or swap crews at a space station, and could haul up prodigious supplies to a station, it could NOT REMAIN at a space station. Shuttle was limited to a flight time of only two weeks... which when it was designed was deemed "long enough" for an "airliner in space" as it was envisioned to be, BUT in reality it never flew often enough or easily or cheaply enough (let alone safely enough) to gain that achievement, so obviously any crew aboard a space station manned and supplied SOLELY by shuttles would essentially be STRANDED there after 2 weeks when the shuttle HAD to return to Earth. Launching a new shuttle every 2 weeks to provide continual escape capabilities was simply impossible given shuttle's anemic flight rates and exorbitant costs and turnaround times, and in the event of another disaster like Challenger, a crew could be marooned on a space station in orbit with no means of getting supplies, if Shuttle was the ONLY means of them getting home. SO NASA started development of the "Crew Return Vehicle" (CRV) program, based on previous HL-20 small lifting body designs and developed further in a testbed vehicle, the X-38, which performed landing tests before it was canceled. X-37 was to be a technology demonstrator for the launch and spaceflight aspects of this vehicle, but later it was transferred to DARPA and flies autonomously as the X-37B spaceplane, a fully automated secret mission vehicle for the military. NASA had insufficient funding for CRV, so they simply chose to rely on the Russians for resupply and crew rotation and escape capabilities when shuttles weren't present, with their Soyuz and Progress resupply spacecraft. CRV morphed into OSP, which after the loss of shuttle Columbia in early 2003, when it became clear that a shuttle replacement WOULD be needed sooner rather than later (though there were those who had planned to fly shuttles indefinitely into the future, but shuttle was nearing the point it would need MASSIVE redesign and replacement of many of its components which were showing their age or outright obsolete, a program which would cost BILLIONS of dollars to accomplish, making developing an all-new vehicle more attractive from a cost and capability standpoint), OSP morphed yet again from a winged small crew taxi spaceplane to a capsule vehicle, the predecessor that became the Orion crew spacecraft, the so-called "MPCV" after it survived near-cancellation by Obama. It's a really interesting history, and quite convoluted at times. NASA had tinkered with replacing the shuttle several times, all of which came to nothing... Various proposals for replacing shuttle cargo launches or supplementing them with huge heavy-lift launchers like the "big dumb booster" lower cost option, to the X-33/ "Venturestar" SSTO lifting body crew transfer/ small cargo launch vehicle... even before that, Reagan's X-30 National Aero Space Plane (NASP), a runway takeoff, runway landing, single stage to orbit spaceplane... (X-33 and Venturestar were to be vertical launch pad takeoff, horizontal runway landing SSTO's. Both were impossible or impractical at the time due to cutting edge technologies needed that didn't then exist, and still aren't today so far as we know. ) NASA also wisely invested in some small engine development programs, which they foolishly didn't fund to completion, usually to the test phase and no further into development... programs like the TR-107 pintle injection engine, the RS-84 large high-pressure regenerative cycle kerosene engine, and the smaller FASTRAC engine design, all designed around possible applications for a small crew taxi spacecraft or launch vehicle requirements, which of course never materialized. FASTRAC and TR-107 pintle injection proved quite useful for SpaceX, however-- their original "throw away" Merlin engine design, relying on an ablatively cooled nozzle, thus non-reusable, was basically a FASTRAC engine. They soon modified it into a regeneratively cooled and greatly improved reusable engine through several iterations, to the Merlins flying on Falcon 9 today.
Later! OL J R :)
@@lukestrawwalker mucho texto
@@alt8791 read it or don't, not my problem, I don't care. Maybe learn something if you do, but most folks can't be bothered anymore. Probly why we have so many GD idiots in the d@mn world nowadays
There is a video exploring the ruins of the prototypes and facility on YT. pretty interesting
Baldandbankrupt did a great video of the shuttles. Worth a watch.
Yeah I'm still amazed by people that don't understand that 2 sets of very skilled engineers will arrive at similar solutions when working to very similar design parameters.
Let's be honest. Buran-Energia sounds amazing...
Ha,ha,ha...rosian kopi SHIT..😁😆😅🤣🤣🤣🤣
hmm that intro, I remember that from somewhere🤔
from mustard they both said it was a space shuttle then said it wasnt
The huge Antonov plane which was destroyed in Ukraine in the beginning of the Russian "Special Military Operation" was originally intended to carry a Buran space shuttle round.
goddamnit Russia
Вы написали об первом назначении самолёта АН-225 "Мрия". У этого же самолёта была и другая задача: он мог стать первой ступенью для лёгкого многоразового челнока "Спираль". То есть, речь идёт о самолётном старте космического челнока. Американские конструкторы это придумали лет на 15 позднее.
@@Shortkidnextdoorthere is a clear footage of Russian forces leaving airport when “Mria” is still there in the hangar. So it definitely was destroyed by Ukrainian army strikes, may be by an accident.
@@kotkompot2294 It probably was an accident, but if russia hadent invaded, they wouldent be bombing the airport
@@ShortkidnextdoorRussia invaded because Ukraine and NATO became mad
Anyone recognize the fighter jet at 8:01 ? 🤔
That Is non other than a Mig-25
@@nighttide3079 thanks!! That’s what I was thinking but wasn’t 100% sure.
@@AD-cy7wx Just remember that the Mig-25 has a longer, sharper nose and bigger tail fins compared too a Mig-31. Also It looks like the Mig-25 in the video is a Mig-25UB. A recon bomber variant
2:15 There was hardly anything private in the soviet union above the bootblack level, let alone the design bureau capable of creating or even copycatting a space vehicle.
Uhhhh...
Isn't that tidbit about having the same color scheme just a _bit_ redundant?
I mean, the only reason for the underbelly of the shuttle being black is due to the ablative covering for when the craft undergoes re-entry.
Buran's chief designer did not hide the fact that the Shuttle was the prototype.
The Soviet 'Spiral' also looked like an almost exact copy of an early experimental 'lifting body' proof of concept vehicle developed by NASA and the USAF!
nasa copied USSR in that one
True, "Dyna-soar" or something?
The dreamchaser has nearly identical design and that craft is slated to fly in the near future.
I suspect that's not a coincidence . . .
@@donweatherwax9318Yes, because aerodynamic laws are the same. Guess why most cars look very similar, no matter where in the world you look. Or Airplanes, or Ships, or Submarines.
Brezhnev had some sweet eyebrows
I really appreciate your videos because they are well done. But here is something completely wrong with this depiction.
1) The Soviets were particularly afraid that their military satellites could be intercepted and brought to Earth. This was supported by the size of the loading bay, which "coincidentally" had the dimensions of the Soviet spy satellites (the US ones were also that big). Scott Manley showed some of the secret missions of the Space Shuttle Orbiter (which I also love and adore - and whose first launch has been looking forward to for years) with strange orbits. Some of it was really about recovering satellites. Which shouldn't surprise anyone.
2) "Secret": I have books here from the East German science publisher Urania. Buran was shown there with beautiful images in the late 70s and early 80s.
3) The OKBs were not private design bureaus, but state ones. Only.
4) Scott Manley recently explained it again: The US space shuttle contained findings from a Soviet experiment with "flying bodies" called BOR 5. It had landed in the Pacific and the West was nearby with helicopters and ships and filmed everything. The design was then re-engineered in Langley. With wind tunnel tests etc. The finished mockup was later used for the Dreamchaser.
Before BOR 5 there was already BOR 4 and the MIG 105, also called Bast shoe because the footwear of Russian farmers had a very similar look on the front.
Of course technology transfer happened. Just as almost all liquid fuel rockets in the West are based on the German A4 "V2" (even the so-called father of Chinese space travel was in US service at the time and one of Wernher von Braun's first interrogators was still in Germany in 1945). Not only had the Russians captured fewer records and technicians than the West. The father of Soviet space travel, Korolyev, had already successfully launched liquid fuel rockets in the early 1930s. The Sojets also had the first space society (1921, before the now oldest British one in 1924). The Russians also had Ziolkowsky, who had already designed and calculated space voyages in detail at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century (the ideas for the methode of moon landings are from an polish Ingenieur in the 20th of the last century. Polish ingenieur frist crackt the german Enigma, what was taken to the british intelligence.).
The first photos of the side of the moon that is invisible to us were taken using US photographic material that came from US spy aircraft that were captured over the Soviet Union. Because they were as good as the Soviet Union could at that time.
So there is a lot to tell, but please do it correctly. It is clear that many in the West do not like the idea that the Soviets were also very capable, but their space successes speak for themselves. Incidentally, Sikorsky also comes from Russia and was very successful in building aircraft there (BTW: the first picture tube was demonstrated at the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1911 and the military there already had a very long and extensive experience and specialists in rockets.).
The first major space travel exhibition was in Russia, from where a lot of impulses emanated everywhere. As before from the starts of the first liquid fuel rockets from Goddard in 1919 in the USA. A way was finally found to control rockets much better than before with solid fuel engines. Goddard is way underappreciated. The fact is that the Space Association, to which Wernher von Braun belonged, also knew about and was mesmerised from it. Obert was also member there etc.
The fact is that the Russians did not successfully land on the moon, but they did manage to take the first orbital satellite, the first person in orbit, the first woman in the first parallel flight, the first space walk, the first photos of the back of the moon and the only ones from the surface Venus (which your channel recently explained and showed very well). And they had the first modular space stations and long-term stays in space, which is why the ISS was based on Soviet technology (many Ukrainians, where excellent engines were designed and built).
In conclusion: Buran could do more, such as automatic landings and flew without dangerous solid fuel boosters.
The side the side booster rockets on the Russian shuttle look more aerodynamic
If the documents were publicly available (and by the way, you don't think the US weren't watching them buy these documents?) then why would it be a problem to take it out of the US? Oh, and if they were really good at avoiding detection and surveillance, they could've snuck the documents out, even if there was no such thing as a diplomatic pouch, which is how countries export things they aren't supposed to be able to,
Very interesting video
America didn't beat USSR to the moon. Luna 1 (1959) was a hard landing but placed Soviet pennants on the moon surface and Luna 9 (1966) a soft landing, and the Soviets had already named everything on the far side of the moon because they were the first to see it. Khrushchev named all the features after Soviet heroes to annoy the Americans and even gave Eisenhower a copy of a Lunar pennant, scores of which were already on the moon, before Kennedy even formulated the moon shot be pivotal to his campaign.
We put PEOPLE on the moon
@@TheKaiser-pf8fr Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun, a member of the Nazi Party and Allgemeine SS, and the leading figure in the development of rocket technology in Nazi Germany did it.
@@the3yM Nobody cares about that.
@@the3yM Also the idea that one man is responsible for the entire US space program is laughable nonsense.
He was a talented aerospace engineer. One of many. Nothing more.
The Spiral is so similar to the DreamChaser
2:44 that looks almost identical to dream chaser, thats crazy.
And that had no pilot and landed all by itself.
Hehe, the Spiral seems to have Inspired Chriton's Deathpod! ;)
They could of saved themselves a lot of effort and just bought the 1-100 scale model that Airfix made.
It included the names of the whole fleet, cargo equipment, landing gear, heat tile placement, the lot.
Beautiful model that, as a 10 yr old, completely destroyed....☹️
INCRÍVEL.ESPETACULAR...
Both spacecrafts are genious! Some people think the Soviet Buran is the copy of Shuttle but it's mistake. And one more observation. As Alexei Tupolev said "An ugly plane won't fly". So both Shuttle and Buran were extremely beautiful 😊 R.I.P. Soviet Union and it's science genious. R.I.P. Buran slowly dying in Kazakhstan.
"One of the most advanced space vehicles of its time". Which never flew into space.
Have I ever submerged my car in the ocean? No, but it's the most advanced submarine of its time.
But... It flew in to space? And landed safely again, completely autonomously. Unlike the Orbiter of the STS Program who needed human Pilots.
you can see one buran in technic museum in Speyer, Germany
The 'zh' in 'Brezhnev' is pronounced like the 's' in 'leisure'.
Fun fact, my father in law was the lead designer of this space craft :D
I am not an astronautical engineer, but the design of the Buran at first glance is more aerodynamic with a superior design, since the Soviets were pioneers of the space age, not the USA...
"Suspicious" I don't think is fair. I've heard that the expected utility of that type of space vehicle would yield the same looking design due to physics regardless
We pretty much gave them the designs. Said "Yeah, you can copy our homework. Just change it up a bit so the teacher doesn't notice."
Amazing story of espionage and persistence. It's actually a real shame the shuttles were just canned, it would've made a brilliant space program. It's also quite amazing that Russia and America haven't nuked each other yet. I think Russia knows it might get one or two shots in but at the end of the day it'll just get flattened.
2:14 There were no private institutions in the former Soviet Union; all owned by the government!
We have a real Buran shuttle in germany at the Technik Museum Speyer.
The older Spiral shuttle looks more like the shuttles that are being prototyped now.
At least the soviets paid for the prints!😁
NASA should have asked to buy this shuttle to save it. It wasn't all that different and considering the espionage it was probably more similar to the shuttle than we think
Calling the Buran a shuttle clone and the Tu-144 the soviet version of the Concorde is a bit disingenuous, seeing how the Tu-144 could go supersonic for about 15 minutes, while being so loud, any passengers had to scream at one another for the other to hear anything at all, whereas Buran was arguably the more advanced craft. Features of the Buran that the Shuttle lacked include:
1: Buran, due to lacking external engines like the ones the Shuttle had, had about a ton of extra cargo capacity,
2: Buran was capable of autonomous operation.
3: Buran was intended to be equipped with jet engines, allowing it to recover under its own power, rather than being a glider.
4: The Energia booster, which carried Buran into orbit, was also the much more advanced rocket system. So much more advanced, indeed, when NASA got their hands on the engines in the late 90s, they considered adapting them to work with the Space Shuttle, but ultimately abandoned the project, because it probably wouldn't be ready before the Shuttle's retirement.
5: The Energia booster was also capable of launching payloads that were not Buran. It could carry something like 80 tons to low earth orbit, making it a super heavy lifter.
6: Plans for the Energia II included to make the entire thing completely reusable by making the core stage its very own shuttle and recovering the side boosters to a runway via foldable wings. Yes, the Soviets were planning to build a fully reusable superheavy lifter in the 90s. Sadly, the Soviet Union collapsed before this project became a reality.
I still find it funny that the Soviets really thought that the Shuttle would function as a practical nuclear bomber!
americans would think the same.
They took one look at the thing and said, "Well that is an orbital bomber."
The Chinese (and probably Russians too) feel the same way about the X-37B if I am not mistaken.
How would it in any way be superior to nuclear-tipped ICBMs?
This thing could land autonomously, the Shuttle, couldn't. It's sad that ended this way.
Space exploration has brought in many compute related r innovations. Like The Russian hacker.
Whoa, the Spiral looks like the Dream Chaser... which in turn looks like the HL-20. W-wait it's all coming together now
I would imagine that, just like with the Shuttle and Buran, that happens to be the optimal shape. Whether it's through spying, research or other means, they'd all end up with the same shape eventually.
they are identical
2:19 what building is this?
Это съезд ЦК КПСС
State Kremlin Palace - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Kremlin_Palace
6 days (or 1 week as of a few seconds ago)
yay