Romance Vocabulary Comparison - Economy I
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- čas přidán 11. 04. 2024
- Welcome to the channel! We'll compare 5 economy words in the 5 major Romance languages as well as in Latin with some information about the words.
The 5 major languages are (by order of most native speakers): Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, and Romanian.
The words are: Economy, Money, Wagon, Trade, To Buy
See my first vocabulary video here: • Romance Vocabulary Com...
See my second vocabulary video here: • Romance Vocabulary Com...
Corrections:
'Commercium' in Latin should read 'Commercivm'.
'Vagon' in Romanian should be 'Car' as this refers to wagons such as the ones drawn by horse as would be appropriate given the meaning of 'Carrus' in Latin.
More Info:
In the video, you will see that I use 'V' for both the consonant /w/ and vowel /u/. This is because I wanted to stay more faithful with the Latin text as in the Classical period, both these sounds were represented with the same grapheme. I also use an apex (acute accent) above the letters in the Latin text as there is inscriptional evidence showing apexes being used to indicate long vowels.
With modern convention, long vowels are written with a macron '◌̄'. The Latin words with this convention are spelt: Pecūnia, Carrus, Commercium, Comparāre.
The Latin words in the explanations with modern convention are as follows: Dēnārius, Argentum, Solidus (from Money paragraph), Acceptāre (from To Buy paragraph).
Credits · Attributions:
Inspiration:
• Food - Romance languag... - by @linguaeeuropaeae7494
• Nature - Romance langu... - by @TheLanguageWolf
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Images:
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Changes made to map:
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Corrections:
'Commercium' in Latin should read 'Commercivm'.
'Vagon' in Romanian should be 'Car' as this refers to wagons such as the ones drawn by horse as would be appropriate given the meaning of 'Carrus' in Latin.
A Latin form "commercivm" must be considered totally equivalent to "commercium", since the two letters "U" and "V" were not distinct from each other (and they will not in all European languages until modern age, indeed), the "rounded" shape being used when writing in italics, while the "sharp" shape being used when writing in capital letters.
The pronunciation varied according to the nature of the underlying phoneme:
---- Like English short "u" in "put", "bull", "butcher" (or like German short "u") when it was a phonematic short vowel (in most cases become a closed [o] in Italian);
--- A long [u:] Like Italian "U" in "luna", "fortuna" (or like modern French "OU") when it was a phonematic long vowel (which modern scholars write "ū");
---- generally [w] (but sometimes [uw] after particular consonants or consonantal clusters) when it was in semi-consonantal position (when short and preceding another vowel).
@grantottero4980 I have that in the description.
'Commercium' should be reading 'Commercvm' because in the videos, I use 'V' so 'Commercium' is a little bit inconsistent visually.
Did you just put some words through google translate?
@theaveragenormie7151 No, I looked up the etymological of the Latin words and looked for the descendants, and wrote those down without thinking,l about semantic shift.
Vagon in Romanian is used in reference to train cars and is a neologism. Romanian has "car" and "căruță" for cart.
J’adore regarder les langues romanes pour voir leur similarités
I like seeing the different phonological, grammatical, and syntactic routes the languages have took over time.
This is actually very interesting. Nice job
Glad you think so!
In italian we say also "denaro" for money and "vagone" especially speaking about train. "Carro" is generally is a word which indicate a means of transport used in agriculture.
Same in spanish
Same in Romanian car( horse carriage)
Even in English, carriage '
We also have "pecuniar" - "related to the money", or "which cost money", directly related to "PECVNIA"
Which language?
Romanian.
Same in portuguese, we have "pecuniário"
Quem dominar as 5 grandes línguas latinas... passa com facilidade numa prova de occitano e de catalão.
1:03 there is also the Italian word "pecunia" for money, althoug rarely used
In romanian we have "car" and we use it!!!!! We do use "vagon" but only for trains!
So, 'Vagon' only refers to the carriages or containers for trains and not to the carriages drawn by horses or other such ansimal?
@@Langwigcfijul Yes! The animal carriages are "car" or "carutza" - like "carozza" in italian!
@@cosmincasuta486 Thanks for the info, mate. I'll keep it noted down.
Edit: I'll also add it as a correction in the description and pinned comment.
@@Langwigcfijul In Spain, "carro" is the same that italian.
Car is coche or automovil.
Car, căruță, trăsură (carriage mainly for transport of people).
Based.
🗿
@Joao_Victor753 Hey, you use my same perfil. SPQR. :-)
@@gonzalob.maldonado6465 Roma Aeterna.
Also in italian there are the words pecunia and denaro to translate money and the term moneta for The single penny
in romaninan there is also a word car and it means something similar to vagon
Yes. Another comment clarified that. They said 'vagon' refers to the wagons/carriages of a train and 'car' refers to wagons like the ones drawn by horses.
yes
sorry it was just a joke
@@moiboystv False friends
Buen contenido sigue así hermano 🗿
Gracias, hermano. 🗿
In portuguese the word carro means car too
In Romanian car means "carriage"( horse carriage) also car is similar to English carry.
In Romanian for money "Arginți" was used too, and stil referenced in older writings.
🇷🇴 “bani” - money is a german word “ban” borrowed from late latin “bannus” wich means fine imposed for offenses against the authority
@Langwigcfijul
In Romanian is better to use the "Long Infinitive" when comparing words with other Latin based languages.
To buy will be: Cumpărare - very similar with the others.
This is to be used for all the verbs.
Similar CZcams channels always use the short infinitive (like A Cumpăra ) which made the language very different.
Great video! I didnt know "comparare" could be used for "to buy" in Latin. I've always seen "emere" instead.
I guess it would've been better to use 'Emere' (although 'Comparāre' can mean the same) as it doesn't* have as many meanings.
I'm interested in romanian and even learning it.
In romanian wagon is car/căruță unless you're talking about trains
🇷🇴 is not vagon is car / caruta. We use vagon just for train compartments
In Romanian,car' is horse carriage, and 'car'/ i carry
I do NOT agree about the hypothesis of French "acheter" supposedly coming from Latin "acceptāre". Indeed, it comes from a late Latin word "accaptāre". If it would have come from "acceptāre", it woul have been something like (*) "aceter" in French.
'Acceptāre' was remodelled on 'ad' + 'captāre'.
Teacher: the languages were missing, Galician, Catalan, Romansh and Neapolitan.
These videos are only showcasing the 5 major Romance languages. I'll cover those languages in the future.
@@Langwigcfijul 👍🏻
These are not official languages of sovereign countries.
Vagon in Italiano si dice Vagone
My favourite romance language is by far Spanish
What's your favourite thing about Spanish?
@@Langwigcfijul I love how it sounds like Compare to other Romance languages
Which dialect/accent do you like the most?
Spanish sounds very clean, like japanese!
@@ALEX-fq7hhjaponese!!
Sardinian is the most similar to latin, are almost the same language
Amost the same language, not so much. Sardinian has changed a lot from Latin as have the other Romance languages, but it does retain some archaic features such as the unchanged /k/ before /i, e/.
@@Langwigcfijul Sardinian has total conservation in the vocabulary, words like yanna, domo, they only exist in Sardinian, in the next video put Sardinian, I'll give you the words
@@tenzoRaperi I'll do videos in the future comparing the minor Romance languages so I'll be sure to ask for your help.
Sardinian doesn't have total conservation in the vocabulary. There are vocabulary items in Sardinian that don't come from Latin.
Compare these texts:
Jonah 1:4-9:
Sardinian:
Su Segnore però mandesit unu grande bentu in su mare: et facta est una tempestade manna in mare, et sa nae perigulaiat de si fracassare. 5 Et timesint sos marineris, et clamesint sos homines ad su Deus ipsoro: et bettesint sas mercanzias, qui fint in sa nae, in mare, ad tales qui si allezerigheret da ipsas: et Jonas si que fit faladu ad s' internu de sa nae, et dormiat a somnu grae. 6 Et s' accostesit ad ipsu su patronu, et li nesit: Et proite tue ti laxas opprimere dai su somnu? pesa, et invoca su Deus tou, si pro sorte si ammentet Deus de nois, et non morzamus. 7 Et nesit s' unu ad s' ateru cumpagnu: Benide, et tiremus a sorte, et iscamus, proite custa istroscia siat ad nois. Et tiresint a sorte: et ruesit sa sorte subra Jonas. 8 Et nesint ad ipsu: Inzitanos, pro quale motivu siat ruta ad nois custa istroscia: qual' est s' arte tua? de quale populu ses tue? 9 Et nesit ad ipsos: Eo so Hebreu, et eo timo su Segnore Deus de su chelu, qui factesit su mare, et i sa terra.
Latin:
Dominus autem misit ventum magnum in mare, et facta est tempestas magna in mari, et navis periclitabatur conteri. 5 Et timuerunt nautae et clamaverunt unusquisque ad deum suum et miserunt vasa, quae erant in navi, in mare, ut alleviaretur ab eis. Ionas autem descenderat ad interiora navis et, cum recubuisset, dormiebat sopore gravi. 6 Et accessit ad eum gubernator et dixit ei: "Quid? Tu sopore deprimeris? Surge, invoca Deum tuum, si forte recogitet Deus de nobis, et non pereamus." 7 Et dixit unusquisque ad collegam suum: "Venite, et mittamus sortes, ut sciamus quare hoc malum sit nobis." Et miserunt sortes, et cecidit sors super Ionam. 8 Et dixerunt ad eum: "Indica nobis cuius causa malum istud sit nobis. Quod est opus tuum, et unde venis? Quae terra tua, et ex quo populo es tu?" 9 Et dixit ad eos: "Hebraeus ego sum et Dominum, Deum caeli, ego timeo, qui fecit mare et aridam."
Italian:
Ma il Signore mandò sul mare un forte vento che scatenò una grande tempesta. Tutti pensarono che la nave stesse per sfasciarsi. 5 I marinai ebbero paura e ciascuno chiese aiuto al suo dio. Per non affondare gettarono in mare il carico della nave. Giona, invece, era sceso nella stiva e dormiva profondamente. 6 Il capitano gli si avvicinò e gli disse: “Come? Tu dormi? Alzati! Prega il tuo Dio! Forse avrà pietà di noi e non moriremo.” 7 I marinai si dissero l’un l’altro: “Tiriamo a sorte per sapere chi di noi è la causa di questa disgrazia.” La sorte indicò Giona. 8 Allora gli chiesero: - Dunque sei tu la causa di questa disgrazia? Che cosa fai qui? Da dove vieni? Qual è il tuo paese? Qual è il tuo popolo? 9 - Io sono Ebreo, - rispose Giona, - e credo nel Signore, Dio del cielo, che ha fatto la terra e il mare.
@@Langwigcfijul wtf is that text? It uses disused verb forms and Italian words like "grande" which are not used in Sardinian, I'm not saying that Sardinian has 100% similarity with Latin, but non-Italianized Sardinian is very similar to Latin, then the major differences with Latin are in fact the thousands of proto-Indo European words preserved from ancient Sardinian.
@@Langwigcfijul
Italian: la casa é grande
Spanish: la casa es grande
Sardinian: sa domo est manna
Latin: domus magna est
Sardinian has a totally different conservation from other languages