Irene Petropoulou
Irene Petropoulou
  • 11
  • 65 161
ssRNA: Lyssavirus (Rabies) Replication Cycle
ssRNA: Lyssavirus offers a detailed illustration of the known replication strategy of Lyssavirus inside an infected cell. Lyssavirus also known as Rabies causes Rabies, one of the oldest recognized infectious diseases, and is almost invariably fatal in humans and other mammals. The virus is highly neuroinvasive. It is transferred via the peripheral nervous system to the brain where replication of the virus leads to the disease. The disease is preventable through vaccination and can be treated successfully by prompt post-exposure serotherapy and vaccination.
Written and directed by Irene Petropoulou
Co-directed and edited by Andrew Tucker
Main scientific advisor: Dr. Christopher Clegg.
Chief Animator: John Bardakos
Narrated by Marianne Graffam
zhlédnutí: 53 826

Video

Influenza A Virus
zhlédnutí 616Před 4 lety
ssRNA: influenza A virus offers a detailed illustration of the known replication strategy of inluenza A virus inside an infected cell. Influenza A is a negative single-stranded RNA virus and it belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae. It has been in the past and still is today a major cause of disease and mortality. The disease influenza is a respiratory infection and thus, one of the most commo...
Polio Virus
zhlédnutí 4KPřed 4 lety
ssRNA: poliovirus offers a detailed illustration of the known replication strategy of poliovirus inside an infected cell. Poliovirus belongs to the family Picornaviridae which contains many important human and animal pathogens causing diseases such as poliomyelitis. As poliomyelitis is one of the oldest recorded serious human diseases, poliovirus is one of the best studied viruses and has playe...
ssRNA: virus classification
zhlédnutí 166Před 4 lety
ssRNA: virus classification gives a short history of the various technological advancements and theories which led to a gradual understanding of the different properties of viruses such as: morphology; the physical and chemical characterization of their protein and nucleic acid components; their mode of replication; and the nucleic acid sequences which form their genome. Based on these properti...
Antivirals
zhlédnutí 164Před 4 lety
ssRNA: antivirals shows a brief history of the development of antivirals and introduces some of the current strategies of combating RNA viruses. These are: cell-based high throughput screening; and molecule design with the help of X-ray crystallography aimed to inhibit the function of a viral protein necessary for replication. Finally, we have a look at three specific inhibitors - Pleconaril, A...
ssRNA:virus evolution
zhlédnutí 249Před 4 lety
Over millions of years, viruses have evolved the genetic diversity to infect the cells of every type of living organism. The viruses that we isolate and study in our modern laboratories are the direct descendants of these more ancient genetic lineages. During the past few thousand years, human population densities have increased significantly. Consequently, our capacity to alter the environment...
ssRNA: virus transmission
zhlédnutí 124Před 4 lety
ssRNA: virus transmission gives a brief outline of the different modes of virus transmission from one infected organism to another. With reference to ssRNA viruses and their transmission to and between humans the following modes are discussed: the faecal oral route, aerosol droplets, dust particles and animal excreta, the bite of an infected animal, virus-infected arthropods that feed on mammal...
SARS Coronavirus Replication Cycle
zhlédnutí 345Před 4 lety
ssRNA: SARS Coronavirus offers a detailed illustration of the known replication strategy of SARS Coronavirus inside an infected cell. The Coronaviridae is a family of viruses that infect a wide range of mammals and birds worldwide. Until recently most diseases caused by human Coronaviruses were mild and the symptoms were limited to a common cold. In 2003, an outbreak of a novel disease, SARS, w...
Virology techniques
zhlédnutí 4,9KPřed 4 lety
ssRNA: virology techniques introduces some of the most common indirect laboratory methods used in modern laboratories to study and quantify viruses. These are: virus propagation in cell culture; plaque assay and the quantification of virus infectivity; detection of virus proteins using specific antibodies with the example of immunofluorescence microscopy; and nucleic acid amplification like PCR...
Body Percussion YouTube sharing
zhlédnutí 765Před 6 lety
Body Percussion artist Sarah Lasaki invites people to perform with her for ALTONA MACHT AUF!
Vesuvios Pizza & Spaghetti
zhlédnutí 46Před 6 lety
Best pizzeria in Athens! Ethnikis Antistases square 12, 16342, Athens, Greece. www.vesuviospizza.gr/

Komentáře

  • @sawairagul251
    @sawairagul251 Před 5 dny

    Well explained,🎉 amazing ❤

  • @grantgoldberg1663
    @grantgoldberg1663 Před měsícem

    An evil disease if there ever was one. It's a thinking virus.

  • @psycdalex
    @psycdalex Před 2 měsíci

    This is such an evil evolutionary hellspawn

  • @rajeibanvijeyakumar8471
    @rajeibanvijeyakumar8471 Před 7 měsíci

    im the 300 subscriber. thank me later.

  • @NamuraIdhunita
    @NamuraIdhunita Před 9 měsíci

    One of the most amazing videos on the subject I've seen!! Wonderful animation, thank you so much for all your work!

  • @biohubb7993
    @biohubb7993 Před rokem

    best

  • @user-ok2cr7gk5j
    @user-ok2cr7gk5j Před rokem

    Continue please ❤

  • @ra-ge
    @ra-ge Před rokem

    Incredible how these things operate

  • @alexalam8364
    @alexalam8364 Před rokem

    That's a whole lot of assumptions on the process behind techniques and mechnism behind viral infection made in one video for something of nano-sized, can only be seen under electron microscopy whose images are static, black and white, can only grow inside a host cell and indirect techniques can only be used to infer its existence which sounds rather contrary. How can one know the existence of this nano-sized virus particle if electron microscopy cannot view inside the cell? You're telling me this is all interpretation? Sounds more like speculation. How do you know these dead cells or plaque formation is resulting from viral infection and not some other confounding variable? For example, the use of anti-biotic and anti-mycotic drugs in cell culture can be poisoning cells especially the use of trypsin to break down the proteins in cells. The cell culture is outside the huamn body which means it will not receive the level of homeostasis to regulate a cells electrolyte, pH, elimination of waste product etc. and thus will die quicker outside the body. Were you taught to use controlled variables? if so, could you please show us a step by step process for the isolation and purification of a virus with the use of controlled variables? and *detail* how the controlled variables were prepared.

  • @a.henderson22
    @a.henderson22 Před rokem

    you are doing GOD's work bless you

  • @up67bloge
    @up67bloge Před rokem

    We had got the dog vaccinated 9 months ago, after 9 months of getting the full course, I touched it again, so I went and got the full course done. Looks like I had to get only two waxing done Sharif

  • @KingVulpes
    @KingVulpes Před rokem

    Takes one mutation to screw us all over

  • @vikasbiliye5023
    @vikasbiliye5023 Před rokem

    Given that we have such detailed information, cant we maybe hack this virus system and make it dysfunctional forever?

  • @Byeeveryoneiwillgoneforever

    T-pose

  • @jericho4298
    @jericho4298 Před rokem

    Whoa! This is very informative. Imagine you are being assassinated using a small gun that shoots a very small dart that is filled with rabies (you wouldn't even notice it) then 1 week later... POOF!

  • @salvadorhirth2919
    @salvadorhirth2919 Před rokem

    If the genome of rabies viruses do contain one or more palindromic sequences, (I believe that such sequence probably exists), at least three bases upstream and downstream from the core of the palindromic sequence and one species of bacteria certainly produces a restriction enzyme that recognizes and cleaves said palindromic sequence. Then, hopefully, a novel class of antiviral therapy will be created if the target cells can be transfected with a gene encoding the restriction enzyme.

  • @leifdux7277
    @leifdux7277 Před rokem

    They look like the hair rolls to curl your hair.

  • @phycopath2122
    @phycopath2122 Před rokem

    pov you fall asleep first at the sleepover

  • @NoName-un9fk
    @NoName-un9fk Před rokem

    Thank you for this detailed video, it was really helpful! I have one comment regarding the release of the new virus particles: neuraminidase is actually already actively cleaving sialic acids off of proteins in the Golgi apparatus. This way, all future plasma membrane proteins are preventively depleted of their sialic acids. This is a safer strategy, because if the bond between HA and sialic acid containing receptors were that easily disrupted by NA, it would make attachment much harder. I guess we cannot exclude the possibility that NA occasionally does disrupt the interaction between HA and sialic acid (possibly also during attachment then), but this can be dealt with by the virus by expressing 4x as much HA as NA and binding to multiple receptors simultaneously.

  • @iqraimran1892
    @iqraimran1892 Před rokem

    Great job👍👍👍👍 very helpful

  • @himanshu_Chaudhary1001

    we need your knowledge please continue sharing

  • @clipark
    @clipark Před rokem

    Thank you, very useful

  • @igo7434
    @igo7434 Před 2 lety

    Thanks for this video. Very informative! Worse way to go if you get rabies.

    • @Zebraaaaaaa668
      @Zebraaaaaaa668 Před rokem

      How long do rabies survive in land under sunlight?

  • @yaseen5372
    @yaseen5372 Před 2 lety

    Very underrated 😒 video. Amazing👍❤️

  • @oksanaboiko5263
    @oksanaboiko5263 Před 2 lety

    Great Job Irene, Andrew, John, Marianneand all the team!

  • @vaishnavityagi5647
    @vaishnavityagi5647 Před 2 lety

    great job, very helpful, keep it up

  • @nickioanidis2419
    @nickioanidis2419 Před 2 lety

    very well done! thank you

  • @wiki5566
    @wiki5566 Před 2 lety

    Are you there? Alive?

  • @weiner_hands-guy914
    @weiner_hands-guy914 Před 2 lety

    I really can't follow this video completely. Too scientific for me and I don't understand a lot of the terms. I'm definitely not ready for this content yet.

  • @leogelynromano3564
    @leogelynromano3564 Před 2 lety

    Great!!! thankyou so much for the information!! Now, I understand a lot. ♡♡♡

  • @upscaleavenue
    @upscaleavenue Před 2 lety

    Viruses are so amazing. I am constantly in awe.

    • @JimmyStruthers1000
      @JimmyStruthers1000 Před rokem

      Viruses are terrible and they all need to be destroyed

    • @upscaleavenue
      @upscaleavenue Před rokem

      @@JimmyStruthers1000 Viruses are actually integral to the ecosystems of this planet. Without them, our world would be very, very different, and not in a good way. We might not have even survived as a species. Phages in the ocean, for example, maintain equilibrium by culling populations of bacteria every single day. Viruses won't be destroyed, no matter how hard we try. We can't conquer nature. And, why would we want to?

  • @BioBush
    @BioBush Před 2 lety

    Wow, the quality on this is stunning. Expert interviews, custom animations, excellent writing and narration. You are in the right line of work, Irene!

  • @BioBush
    @BioBush Před 2 lety

    What an amazing resource! Thank you for putting together this information with such good visuals. Keep up your good work!

  • @miunya
    @miunya Před 2 lety

    I was wondering why schools never taught me this but ireland has been rabies free for a long time but I'm glad to know incase I ever travel or just in general

  • @Devon.Phoenix.deRothschild

    Pseudoscience

  • @Widderic
    @Widderic Před 2 lety

    So are the viral messenger RNAs any different than electrical circuitry components and how they interact with the each other? My head is exploding over this stuff lol.

  • @matlabatt
    @matlabatt Před 2 lety

    this is super fake . we already know you cant isolate any virus. it has to be attached to a pre-existing cell. you are fundamentally wrong

  • @electrowizard2658
    @electrowizard2658 Před 2 lety

    So nice

  • @savagephoenix4979
    @savagephoenix4979 Před 2 lety

    It’s more deadly than Ebola which is why I’m here 😳

  • @saniaraj8355
    @saniaraj8355 Před 2 lety

    Very helpful❤

  • @miz6294
    @miz6294 Před 2 lety

    Crazy complex like a computer

  • @lgg2304
    @lgg2304 Před 2 lety

    Wow! Uh, I think I bit off more than I could chew... but I stuck it out and finished all 12min!! 🎆🎇✨

  • @danmiller2177
    @danmiller2177 Před 2 lety

    Individuals don't really understand how dangerous the rabies viruses really are...

  • @anandsengupta1721
    @anandsengupta1721 Před 2 lety

    Brilliantly explained with the help of the graphics. Thankyou so much.

  • @dnap2526
    @dnap2526 Před 2 lety

    But after it infects the cells what does it do exactly

    • @JohnnxxKing
      @JohnnxxKing Před 2 lety

      Well u get to madness and suffer from breathing and ur eye goes insane and u cant even control it it moves it own when it on final stage Its almost like zombie apocalypse if this disease keeps going

    • @raypunn
      @raypunn Před rokem

      ​@@JohnnxxKing but why

    • @Pikachu-xz9gb
      @Pikachu-xz9gb Před 8 měsíci

      @@raypunn fok u that's why.

    • @TheWagonroast
      @TheWagonroast Před 3 měsíci

      ⁠@@raypunnIt begins to take over your brain, which causes less control over yourself, and causes aggression, the inability to breathe well, etc because of dead/malfunctioning brain cells

    • @raypunn
      @raypunn Před 3 měsíci

      @@TheWagonroast i mean what are the exact chemical reactions that cause it to control nerve cells in that way

  • @dnap2526
    @dnap2526 Před 2 lety

    How did they figure this stuff out?

    • @A.K.00
      @A.K.00 Před 2 lety

      That is what science and research is all about

    • @noobnesz
      @noobnesz Před rokem

      Petri dishes, microscopes, and a whole lot of time.

  • @jozefvanriet2673
    @jozefvanriet2673 Před 2 lety

    All your video's are put together incredibly well! Thanks for these!!!

  • @prettyprudent5779
    @prettyprudent5779 Před 2 lety

    Be wary of wild animals, folks. Wear protection when you go out, like a sharp item or pepper spray.

  • @fatcat5817
    @fatcat5817 Před 2 lety

    I am soo happy the Cdc has aerosolized lyssavirus! I wonder if they will sell it to little old me? 😳 Feb 2020 acip meeting unfinished business. 😍

  • @AgentSmith911
    @AgentSmith911 Před 2 lety

    It's interesting that we still don't have a clear cure for this virus after it has shown symptoms.