Nitrate from Ammonia using Air?
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- čas přidán 19. 06. 2024
- We have previously assembled an ozone generator, so we try out an ambitious project that would see the nitrate ion form from the ammonium ion. Will the ozone be magical, or will I melt the circuit board??
Paper reference:
Ozonation of ammonia in wastewater www.sciencedirect.com/science...
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Also, I've already shamlessly promoted it here, but this band I'm in is putting out a new EP tomorrow, so check us out in Spotify if you're looking for new music to listen to: open.spotify.com/artist/3mpSF8RDzaTvalpWQIL1pC?si=h7GUUBpNRzOKyGYgi6ieug
Or on Bandcamp: cameramenband.bandcamp.com/releases
"What thing have I spent the most time on for the least rewards"?.... This video comes to mind. 🤔
What part are you playing?
It was very experimental for sure... I got a lot of garage-band / post-hardcore punk / Jazz? I don't know, it was hard to classify, but I really like "Dance Dance Dance" and "Drunken Serenade." But seriously that ozone generator though.... *cough cough*
@@franglish9265 I play piano, synth and sax in the band :)
really nice musik, gotta say
I’ve tried in the past, to make nitrocellulose 36 times before getting it right. And it turns out that I might have gotten it right all those times, because when I fluffed up my old runs a bit more, it lit perfectly fine. 36 times bro.
That stuff’s hard to dry.
Now mix that with glycerin
I feel the pain behind your statement sir. Though I'm a electric fucker arounder and do not understand 💯%. I felt.
@@RobBoss757 my grandfather used to say, "I once thought I was imperfect, but I was mistaken"
@@elephystry mix it into acetone at only 5-10%.. you can actually buy it off of Amazon if you want the real dope coating.. now do realize that dope is only nitrated up to around 10- 11% N instead of the 12% so it does not readily 'burst'... and it is noted that a dope coating never really dries, thus is 'self-healing' from scratches. I'm not going to go into doped fabric as doping is used in restoring furniture and guitar finishes.
I like how he managed to tar up an inorganic reaction
Wanna hear about my failures? My thesis is on titanium dioxide surface chemistry (finally writing up now!).
My first batch of syntheses were done using some "titanium oxychloride" (really more of a Ti4+ aqueous solution with a varying number of chlorides in the Ti coordination sphere) that we had gotten from industrial partners.
Turned out to be contaminated with vanadium, TiO2 turned green upon reduction. Throw away, start over. This time make the starting solution yourself by hydrolyzing TiCl4. (A pain in the ass of a reaction, took me a few tries to get the hang of it...).
I must have then spent over a year trying to remove fluorides from the surface of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. We used fluorides in our synthesis to control their growth and the resulting morphology. Turns out you can't remove said fluorides without destroying said morphology. (Contrary to what had been published in the literature so far). Ended up studying the chemistry of the fluorinated surface instead. (A *lot* harder, and far from what we were hoping to get)
I also spent months grafting vanadium on the surface of those particles, and doing all sorts of characterizations of the surface vanadium species, to then hand them to someone who would test their catalytic activity for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane.
I did so because initial results showed great selectivity to propene.
Initial results were due to an improper setting on the GC. My material had been sh*t all along.
Oh, and have I mentioned grafting nickel complexes on the TiO2? I first tried it with diallylnickel. It's air sensitive, you have to synthesize it yourself (nickel chloride and allylmagnesium chloride). And keep it below -40°C, or it will decompose. (Hence why you can't buy it)
After multiple failed attempts where I ran out of dry ice halfway through the days-long process, and almost froze off a couple of my fingers by spilling some acetone/dry ice from a dewar on my hands (no Leidenfrost effect to save you here! The skin turned paper-white from frost... lost all feeling of touch for a few days), it turned out diallyl nickel simply destroyed TiO2. (It reduces it to some amorphous, non-stoichiometric oxide, instead of just grafting on the surface hydroxyls)
So I switched to different, less reactive nickel complexes, like the ones NiBr2 makes in acetonitrile and dimethoxyethane. (Of course, this being surface organometallic chemistry, everything has to be done under perfectly air and water-free conditions, so as not to soak your oxide surface in moisture. So, Na/K drying, everything handled on a schlenk line, high vacuum line, or glove box, etc...)
They did graft on the surface. But they did none of the subsequent chemistry we intended to use them for! So, good for the trashcan too.
And now I'm trying to get a thesis out of it. And panicking. And procrastinating on youtube instead of writing...
(Thankfully, I did have _some_ success when grafting platinum. But it's not yet published, so shush! ^^)
I feel bad for laughing but damn that's some thorough and dedicated research. Sometimes negative results are valuable results just as much. Good luck with the writing.
I feel that struggle. My uni research is making nanoparticle ligands, such a shitshow.
I was once attempting to make the addition product of fluorene and acetophenone using fluorenyl lithium at 77K. I recovered fluorene in nearly quantitative yield. Only afterwards did it occur to me that acetophenone is acidic enough to protonate fluorenyl anions. While my synthesis scheme was clearly rubbish, I can at least feel vindicated in the quality of my work-up.
In a curious parallel to the preceding posts, the (erstwhile) fluorenylmethanol derivative would have been used as a chelating ligand in a titanocene complex for the polymerisation of alkenes such as propene, butene and pentene.
I managed not to spill liquid nitrogen on myself, but the time I got sprayed with butyl lithium solution when the cannula popped out of the rubber septum was pretty scary. Good job it was only 1M, had it been much stronger I'd have been toast.
@@posysajrazdwatrzy lol make your thesis about how lame titanium dioxide surface chemistry really is
A PhD thesis (ideally) shouldn't come with buckets of failure, but often does. I had 2 years of failed results in mine that made up about 5 pages in 1 chapter.
Good luck with writing up!
I spent 1.5 years trying to get a CRISPR system to work in a type of Cyanobacteria but kept getting really weird results with the clones. One test would show the clones have the edits I was after and after a few days in culture the edit was cured.
Turns out after some work quantifying the number of genomes in the cells we found that the little shits had upwards of ~50 partial copies of the chromosome meaning that we were making edits on only a handful of copies, but whenever the copies would segregate into daughter cells there were ones without any edit which would just outcompete the edited version in culture.
Moral of the story; stay away from the unholy life sciences, there’s too much bad juju here.
Ah yes, non model organisms. The one thing I won’t work with. Well, that and physicists.
Can you splice the Ivermectin producing bacteria gene into a Ginseng root? You can call it tree of life root. Yeah, not quite that easy but nice idea.
Is that really what you do?
What if you edited the bacteria to produce a green dye or something to allow you to crop out the desireable bacteria in the petri dish? Then you could selectively breed the bacteria without fear of the other bacteria out competing.
@@wn9500 and those godawful yellow things
I don't think that the transformer is damaged at all, I think the black stuff is just an insulating goop that is commonly used in high voltage circuits.
I mean maybe, although it is hideous then, and just poured randomly over half of the components (still possible though)
@@ExtractionsAndIre yup made in China.. I had a faulty one that was bigger.. Both sides were fully potted. But the low voltage side was filled with coarse sand before potting.. Just to cut a few cents off the cost
Why..... sand
@@ExtractionsAndIre Doesn't conduct! Yeah, sometimes potting compound is slopped around like that. But still prrrrobably a good idea to cool it better.
@@ExtractionsAndIre that little transformer is actually for high frequency noise suppression. It's a filter basically. It allows 50hz through but stops anything above 1khz getting back in the power grid.
I spent 2 full months esxtracting N,N DMT from mimosa rootbark
I ended up extracting only parafins from lighter fluids
It only takes like 2 days, how did you end up taking 2 months to finish?
hehe, that brings back memories. That extraction is quite easy, though. I wonder what went wrong for you.
I don't know how many coffee grinders/food processors I broke trying to grind acacia madenii bark
How did you fuck that up? Lol. A/b extraction or the straight to base method?
U purchased preextracted bark, imho. Sorry for your luck. Try ronsinol lighter fluid. Very clean otc naphtha
Combines ammonia and ozone
Still gets tar
We love you
"So these hours have been wasted" and that's why I love your videos hahahah
And then he puts it on youtube to waste other peoples time :-) lovely
esmiralda It’s a man made waste-your-time virus! Very contagious!!
Ostwald's Process has left the chat
The white part is the highvoltage transformer ;) , the other circuitry is coatet in some sort of protective paint.
You could just open it up and point the fan on the circuitry.
The small coil you saw was just a choke aginst electrical noise.
yep, all looking as it should. No problems there. Don´t know how hot it´s getting though.
Your electrical engineering here looks like most of my projects, I tend to make things that teeter athletically on the edge of catastrophic failure.
The thing that I spent the most time and frustration on so far would probably be the sommelet reaction. With what reagents I had on hand it involved first making a benzyl halide which is horribly lacrymatory and then reacting it with hexamine to form methylamine and benzaldehyde. The idea being that you make two useful products at once. And with the halogen present the methylamine is already in a salt form so the workup should be pretty straight forward. (It wasnt, I went with the metabisulfite aduct method to isolate the benzaldehyde which adds several steps but gets a better product).
I also needed a high boiling non polar solvent that wouldn't react in that system. So I chose tetrachloroethane which I had to distill from brake cleaner first. So After all that mess I performed the reaction and the workup in the same day and shot the video all in one go. I then edited for hours on end and at some point my software bugged out and I lost the entire days progress on the editing. Being so frustrated after all that effort up to this point I put off editing it for months until an unexpected hard drive failure wiped out all traces of the footage.
The kicker is that the yield was shit on top of all this so I was probably going to end up doing it again anyway. But yeah 0 payoff at all for probably a week or two of work.
Mate, it's yellow chemistry, of course it failed...., surprisingly you forgot to even mention it
got any advice on how to reduce/stop peroxide formation on ethers? maybe even how to chemically reduce the existing trace proxides?
side note, the (high voltage) transformer is potted inside that big white blob. the small thing with two coils is a common mode choke, it just stops the noise from the unit backfeeding to mains, that is easy to buy/replace
I am surprised I forgot to mention the yellow! No wonder it didn't work honestly.
Peroxide formation... dark bottle, store over sodium, good lid. Pretty hard to get peroxide in those circumstances
And yeah, so what is that other small core that's doing the melting actually doing in the circuit?
@@ExtractionsAndIre The video is a bit dark, the black thing on the bottom right is the one you are talking about right? that's this thing
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choke_(electronics)#Common-mode_choke
@@ExtractionsAndIre how do you deliberately get peroxie
@@marciaosullivan3200 mix it with hydrogen peroxide and prepare to die
by the way, you can also put in a tiny amount of stabilizer into the ether, I'm not sure what kind of it, though. I think it is stated on the Sciencemadness wiki.
BigClive just recently made a vid of this same type of ozone generator, just the same PSU of it. It was NOT melted, it's black epoxy poured on those parts.
perhaps you should use ammonium carbonate rather than dissolve ammonia as the vigorous bubbling may just sparge the dissolved gas out
Would it just force the ammonia and carbon dioxide out of the solution though??
@@ExtractionsAndIrebut at a much slower rate I guess
Yeah, same thought. Or NH4Cl like the one paper did
NH4Cl also has the advantage of being delicious.
What experiment did I spend the most time on for the least rewards? I wrote a combat guide for building fleets in Stellaris under the original release version of the game. I spent probably 80-120 hours running experiments and testing fleet compositions and measuring ship stats and documenting everything.
But Stellaris is a Paradox Interactive game. So they just fuckin deleted all the game balance and replaced it with something else. They've probably done that once or twice more since then. Who even knows anymore. Not remotely chemistry related... but comments are good for the youtube algorithms I assume.
Oh boy
There are surfactants in your ammonia causing it to bubble up.
She was my biggest failure....now seriously, my biggest failure was trying to get some extremely pure sulfur. I was purifying my sulfur by recrystallization with toluene. Well, I had already recristalized the same sulfur 4 times (4 FUKING TIMES). Each time I used the same toluene, but I distilled it several times en between uses. Here comes the funny part. In the middle of the fifth recrystalization( using sulfur that I had already recristalized 4 times, and toluene that I had distilled a total of 10 times) everything catched fire. I looked away for a moment and when I came back I found a flame that reached the ceiling. I ran like I've never ran in my life to get my fire extinguisher. No one was harmed....but the results were:
-A burned table
-A burnes brand new hotplate ( it was it's firs use)
-All my Sulfur was lost
-All my toluene was lost
-Burned sulfur everywhere
-Awful smell
That sounds awful!! And the sulfur... so pure.... sad
@@ExtractionsAndIre sulfur is yellow, and after your experiences with yellow chemistry....I guess I should have known it wasn't going to end up working.....
I have an old lab report on my hard drive titled "Non-bromination of E-stilbene." I'm sure you can guess what reaction I didn't even get 1% yield from. (It's funny, I actually had pure starting reagents at the end).
Looking further I have another from the same year of o-chem titled "Dehydration of Benzopinacol" with the conclusion being one sentence: "0%, for reference to spectra simply google benzopinacol, it was a less clean version of that."
That high School joke near the end was fucking great man
I love your videos so much. Just remember, "it's the journey that actually means the most not the destination."
🎵 Step one:
cut a hole in the box. 🎵
On the ozone-ammonia route: I wonder how much bubbling large volumes of gas through the solution carried off the ammonia before it could react with the ozone (though I imagine the reaction is pretty fast). Also, aussie temperatures probably decreased the solubility of ammonia and didn't help. I imagine this could work in the gas phase kinda. I should look into that paper before thinking out loud.
On failures: I spent 3 years, on and off, trying to prepare a photographic reagent. Not even a complicated one and there were many accessible routes with high yields starting from commonly available and inexpensive materials. But purification was a nightmare - the chemical was essentially insoluble in organic solvents (and boy did I look for a suitable one), but way too soluble in water, so it essentially acted like the inorganic salts that were the main byproducts of the syntheses. All successes were minor and final crystal yields were never above 30%. In the end, I found a source for the reagent, but that failure to prepare it quantitatively still haunts me sometimes.
I like this channel. Everything is as very DIY and messy looking as in my own "lab", the main difference being that I encounter success much much less often.
I'm assuming that the spider at 10:11 is exceedingly deadly; because, Australia.
Yer na yer yer na your mums exceedingly deadly
@@jimmyjamson2227 indeed she is! She kills you by deplenishing your will to live by constant nagging.
Not a Chem Guy But for experiments using gases:
1. Use a graduated cylinder or long glass tube to bubble the gas through so it has a more contact with the liquid before it expels into the air. Also several glass tubes could be daisy chained together.
2. Use a bubble diffuser to decrease the bubble size so there is more surface area contact between the gas & the liquid.
3. Consider use some inert media like boiling chips to slow down the bubbles so it has more time to contact with the liquid.
Tried to produce 1,4 dioxane from ethylene glycol. For some reason it had a boiling point 100c (instead of 83 azeotrope) i kept on trying to purify and dry it for about a month and it just kept tarring up. As a last effort i tried to dry it with sodium ended up being water.
did you not smell the product? i aways snot some to make sure its good stuff.
That sucks man
I hope you didn’t throw too much sodium...
Keep at doing since! Don't give up!!!
Job hunting!
Nearly 300 applications in this year and its all "while your resume is impressive, you ain't got shit on this other guy"
Oooh yeah that one always hurts. You'll get lucky eventually!
A relationship is the longest chemistry experiment ive done to end up with no results
You know it's proper Aussie chemistry when there's spiders involved helping run the ozone generator & despite this being quite a lot of work to generate a dirty looking beaker, the dyed condenser water proved to be a win for you, so mixed results, I'd say?
Brilliant video though, as it demonstrates that the whole point of doing chemistry experiments in the first place is to see what happens & whether things work as expected & it's in explaining why things occur that often the most interesting stuff reveals itself & at the very least you proved your conjecture about this being a very inefficient process that would be tricky to get to work, so props to you Sir!
I mean idk man, I'd just do it the way they suggested and then just do the cation-anion test for nitrates, then if yes then focus on the buffer problem, love you vids man
The actual transformer is in the potted part. The thing you saw was just a filter choke.
Nope. Question has been answered.
Love it. Chopper Ried with a chemistry set. Awesome.
What do you think would happen if you close looped the gasses and some ammonia and water moisture were also flowing through the ozone generator?
Somehow you managed to get a reaction that involved nothing but ammonia, water, and spicy air to go yellow. Have you considered a career in alchemy?
After you sent me the information I though about making a video on it, but thought you might so I didn't. :P Thanks again for the info though.
I was gonna ask what u thought of such a set up, good thing I waited to check your channel. What you could do to enhance productivity without much expense is placing a loose, floating lid, perhaps an upside down beaker, so that the gasses can be plunged back into solution. Nurdrage did many of these things. Also, during boiling phase, to concentrate and or dry crystals, I'm sure you know off hand that nh4no3 degrade and turn to n2o and whatever was left behind idk
this is the most interesting video i ever seen in this website.
i have so many questions! if you had more heavy duty tools like pump and ozone generator etc would you be able to do better than birkland eyde?
and another question is, given that nitrates are hard to come and this didnt work, which method would be your 'go to' to make nitrates?
i subscribed ty so much for this video!!!!!!
An antibody elution, we ended up washing away everything, and none of it worked.
It turned out that the procedure was incorrect, and our professor tried doing it differently, with less steps of washing, and her's worked. She was teaching immunohematology for the first time, and was using the previous professor's procedures. We guessed that the professor before her, had written it down incorrectly, and had forgotten to change it.
Biology remains a mystery :(
@@ExtractionsAndIre and it was supposed to work. If it were a real patient, they could have died if we didn't identify their antibody.
@@ExtractionsAndIre
www.bbguy.org/education/glossary/gle04/
Basically you try to remove a bound antibody into a solution, in order to work up a possible transfusion reaction, or to identify what is causing Hemolytic disease of the newborn. HDN is normally caused by the RH D antigen, when the mother is RH negative, or when she has a weak D antigen. But sometimes, it isn't, and the lab has to identify, what the antibody is specific to.
It's the same for a transfusion work up, but the cause is different.
@@ExtractionsAndIre
www.bbguy.org/education/glossary/gla09/
This is also part of a complex work-up of a patient.
I have yet to see a full work up for a possible transfusion reaction.
Have you tried electrolysis through a permeable membrane like a clay pot? i think the yield may be better and a more direct route to nitric acid.
Please keep doing your thing bud (bud translated from Minnesotan to Australian = mate), your videos are one of my primary inspirations to do videos about chemistry in the future. I love the haphazard style it's very entertaining. Just don't die of cancer and carry on brother. Don't let the yellow chem/people let you down (If it's not obvious I mean cowardly people.).
If you created a sealed reaction vessel and then restricted the flow out of it sufficiently such that the vessel pressurizes it will reduce size of the bubbles. The downside is you'd likely need a more powerful air pump. Maybe something like an electric football or bike tire pump might do the trick?
Miconize the bubbles. czcams.com/video/en7tQisoA8g/video.html
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I once spent about three months trying to find out what the mystery gas in the air in my house was that was adding this weird brown to the arcs on my HV transformer setup. For those three months, not once did I consider the possibility of it just being ions from the steel electrodes I was using.
In Poland ammonium nitrate 99% Pure is about $10 immediate sale... per 30 kilograms (sic) ;)
That does sound like an easier and more effective method
You can buy 50lbs of it for about 80 bucks off Amazon, but I'm positive you get put on a list of some sort, probably a couple.
Why did you write (sic) after "kilograms"? "Sic" means that something you're quoting is either a mistake or a misspelling and that it's an original error and not YOUR error.
@@kjpmi I wrote this to indicate that this isn't mistake
@@antonek2137 ok, fair enough lol. I see what you were going for...
Hes made more ozone than the whole continent of Australia in his lab
13:13 Hahaha mate that is actually pretty smart!
Did a Grignard reaction and watched it reflux for hours only to get nothing in the end.
Sad that it got to reflux and still failed!
You are repeating all of the dumb stuff I did as a teenager in the quest for energetic materials
Nice job
I ordered 200 pounds of ammonium nitrate off ebay 2 years ago. Is my name on a list? Probably! Do I have all the ammonium nitrate I will ever need? YES!
200 pounds? what the fuck do you need 200 pounds for other than making a giant bomb?
@@findenichts6697 it has several uses in chemistry and I use it to make small exploding targets for shooting. It also makes the lawn nice and green.
I installed an ozone room deodorizer near a cat litterbox and, months later, I noticed it looked like frost was growing out of it. Turns out you can make ammonium nitrate from piss vapor.
Ch3a @ Caltech: making a bunch of cobalt-ammonium complexes. I didn't understand the reaction very well, so it was just following the process as closely as possible. Got to the end, it failed, and I had to redo the entire four week process in about 3 days in order to pass the course.
Pink mud. Never want to see pink mud again.
The inverter isn't melting, that's not a transformer, it's a common-mode choke for filtering the AC (prevents the inverter from sending interference into the AC power cable). The black stuff is epoxy potting compound used to encapsulate the PCB. it protects it but also prevemts you from removing it and servicing it without it breaking.
I'm still wondering why the final product was yellow. Does the ozone produce volatile crud by reacting with the inside of that rubber hose? Would using a glass delivery line improve yields/purity?
Have you ever looked into "active nitrogen"? It is formed when pure nitrogen is subjected to a silent electric discharge (i.e. put through the ozone generator?) Quoting here, "As a chemical reagent this form of nitrogen is one of the most active of the elements; alkali metals are converted into azides and with the vapours of metals such as zinc, cadmium and arsenic it gives nitrides, [...] sulphur [...] yield[s] sulphur nitride, S4N4." (Fritz Ephraim, Inorganic Chemistry, 5th revised edition, 1948, by P.C.L.Thorne and E.R.Roberts.)
I just did a good hour's research on this... I do not think it could be the hose, he mentions "Viton" which is probably polyhexafluoropropenylpolyvinylidenedifluoride. At over two thirds fluorine by weight, if ozone tries to oxidize the stuff it just says "you have no idea the shit I've seen". Not being black gunk also strongly suggests that the orange colour isn't from decomposed polymer. So...
That airstone appears to be made of scoria, which is found in the same environments as numerous interesting vanadium compounds. Divanadium pentoxide from breakdown and oxidation of minerals in the scoria would be the right colour, solubility, and oxidation state.
The cheap ozone tube might also be badly chrome-plated, and thusly spew out a little hexavalent chromium to please the pollution gods. Ammonium dichromate also has properties that would fit, perhaps even better.
it also could be N₂O₄ 🤷
your transformer looks fine, they cover them with a mastic/tar to keep them from buzzing.
Where did the yellow stuff in the second run even come from?
that equation was used in fish farm for decades. you need a little bit adjustment on the set up. a long cylinder (6ft?10ft?) is require, your gas come in bottom through a gas stone. and there is a flip over funnel on top of the cylinder. bubbles form on the bottom react with water in cylinder, nitrates of all kind formed (bacteria and parasites too) will then follow the bubbles up and form soapy foam on the cylinder top, eventually you can skim them out from the nozzle of the funnel, that goes to the flower bed in the garden. clean water goes back to the water tank. some people call this setup protein skimmer. and such skimmer run on ozone would be probably 10 times more efficient then just ordinary air.
6:50 too easy, just get closer and let the fumes reach your tounge.
if it tastes salty af, its ammonia nitrate
if it tastes like , it's ammonia
I occasionally do chemistry experiments, to find out the chemistry of the metal I'm machining, used to do gas chromatograph mass spectrometry, testing engine and transmission oil for Marine helicopters, and when we found "something interesting" it meant tearing a chopper down to parade rest, not very exciting, but enervating, starting from the top, and ending when it's in a pile on the hanger. I extracted ammonium nitrate a few years ago, out of a "hand or limb cooling pack", boiling down, cleaning by filter, and about four phases before I had "dry, white crystalline powder", not exactly "high chemistry", but better than no chemistry. If you ever find time to visit here, you've to a bed, breakfast, a machine shop, and chemistry set up, and you could teach this old dog, new tricks, you might have to come across the southern border, face painted, pretending to have covid, to be let it, and definitely don't have any identification, you could get denied entry for knowing who you are. I always enjoy your videos, precisely because the ones that fail, do so for basic principles, and in my own life, I've learned a little from success, but far more from failure. Thomas Edison was asked how many things did he try for a light filament, and answered "five thousand". He was asked, wasn't that enough to make you want to quit?, he replied he'd learned 4999 things that weren't filament material, but were being used in other ways, shown by their failure, not a quote, but approximate. I've got a literal ton of metal scrap, that never turned into the parts I was making, but they are still metal, and still can be turned into finished product. Your vocabulary rather resembles mine from my early days as a jarhead, dealing with idiot Sergeants, who couldn't do anything, trying to tell us peons, how to do the work we knew how to do. I'd suggest you might be qualified for special forces, but you wouldn't want to go there, you could end up in one or more of our wars. Thanks for sharing this art form, couldn't be much more fun, without success.
Could you use ozone to make potassium perchlorate or potassium chlorate from potassium chloride?
for your next big synthesis are you going to make CL-20?
Meeting a spider in Australia is equals to meet a bear in, say, Canada. :D
The object I reckon most needs a break is the ozone transformer, so connect the timer in line with the transformer and only the transformer.
The thing that I've definitely spent the most time on and got the least out of would be my love life
Not a science experiment, but I once spent two 14 hour days on set doing a special effects gig. My contribution to the feature-length film totaled less than 120 frames. 1.7 seconds if I recall correctly.
My high-effort, low-yield story is university electronics lab, where I spent about 12 hours failing to bias a transistor in electronics lab, because, it turns out, the professor was teaching us the Rules of Thumb that he learned in Army instead of ACTUAL PHYSICS, which would have required a working knowledge of Calculus.
I made some awesome cyclobutane monomers for a polymer project. Got awesome crystal structures of the pure stereoisomers! After weeks of synthesis, none of them polymerize. Think they decompose, lots of tar, hard to tell what's going on. Project is scrapped for now, maybe I'll toss it on ChemRxiv while I write my thesis for someone else to try.
😍😍😍tar😍😍😍
But yeah damn, at least cool Crystal structures are cool!
Aussie electrical outlets look like depressed Scream villains.
Could the tar be bits of the apparatus dissolved by produced nitric acid?
I spent almost a year trying to synthesize (±)-Galipinine on very low yield reactions to finally discover it's volatile and I was losing all the final product in the rotovap.
You probably figured this out by now, but Ammonium Nitrate sublimes at fairly low temperature in a pure crystalline form, but it will also be easily carried away by water vapors in the open air. Disproportionation under heat is also a highly likely scenario. That is all to say if you did succeed in appreciable yields, I think the Occam's Razor falls more on the Ammonia being pushed out of solution by bubbling gas through the solution. In my organometallics undergraduate research, and further in my electrochemical analytical research, removing all odd dissolved gasses by bubbling nitrogen or carbon dioxide through a solution can be achieved after about 10-30 minutes of bubbling through a glass pipette (using a diffusion stone with a micron rating tends to make it go even faster).
I think the electrical method for obtaining HNO3 is still better.
The yield is low, but at least is easier to check the NO2 forming and the pH.
My name is David and I'm gonna pretend that Davy with a heart around it on the board is for me.
Can permanganate be made from ozone and manganese compounds?
I wonder if the ammonia is being lost with the bubbling. Maybe bubbling the ozone through to make a solution and then dripping that in might be better.
i love how legit ur home chem vids are. everythings a dannN mess lol
11:00 "UPS on a budget"
15:50
100hrs of electrolysis for 5 gramms of NaClO3 and approx. a shit ton of graphite wich i had to use
I can make approx 250-300g KClO3 every 80h, but not with graphite anodes. I use MMO anodes.
Shit, i intend to do this electrolysis with my homemade ghetto rigged electrodes. Did you figure out where you went wrong?
you need to put the anode so close as possible to the cathode best 5mm and you need to make the cathode only half the size of the anode and you have an good yield araound 85% effizienz.
I was wondering "why is he poking that tiny little spider with a long stick?". And then I remembered.... Ah yes, it's Australia
To enhance your yield you could build a semi-closed setup with a condenser and flush constantly the apparatus with oxygen. The oxygen you could make with a electrolysis apparatus. I am not sure, if the evaporating ammonia-water mix can be condensed in a condenser. I wonder what would happen if the ammonia would pass the ozon generator. It will be surely not good for your pump and maybe not good for your ozon generator. As an alternative you could just feed the system with enriched oxygen containing air from the electrolysis apparatus.
Here NH4NO3 can be bought in bulk 50 kg bags (same goes for KNO3). NaNO3, however, is pretty hard to get
You can make sodium nitrate very easily by reacting AN with sodium hydroxide drain cleaner
@@wypkewypkema6306 I know, but it is messy (NH3 gas) and time consuming (cristalization from water)
It looks like it produces to little ozone for any synthesis to be useful... But not every hope is lost; Would this amount of ozone be enough to produce Caro's acid when bubbled into sulphuric acid? In commercial sulphuric acid there are all those nasty organic molecules that prevent it from corroding metal... And you for using it in a good synthesis; since there is not much of these substances in the acid I was thinking this could be a good way to remove them. Actually the only other two ways aren't very good... hydrogen peroxide dilutes the acid and distilling it is very dangerous
put soap in your coolant so when you spill again it will be nice an shiny when you clean it up
Damn, I was excited for a new nitrate production method, and from nothing but air and electricity too. Still, very cool to see the ozone generator in action.
I'm pretty sure I've made something like 4 attempts at making iodine from seaweed over the last year. We tried getting regular seaweed from the beach, kelp, and even seaweed fertiliser from Bunnings, spent hours to incinerate it all to reduce the volume, and each time got absolutely no indication of iodide content. Just sucks to imagine what other stuff you could've been doing in all that wasted time.
Is that airstone chemically stable in NH4OH solution? Rubber hoses can also destroy some ozone, but that's probably more problem for longevity of the hoses, than for the reaction.
The hoses are Teflon or Viton, so they should withstand the ozone. Unsure how good the airstone is towards the conditions though, but physically it seems okay still
@@ExtractionsAndIre
Just wondering what may have caused the yellow chemistry...
Was there any acidity in the solution?
This is the second time in my life I watch this video
The first time I was sure it was gonna fail
The second time I knew it was gonna fail
And I'm not even mad about the 30mins I spent watching
lowest yield for me was about a 2 molar picric acid reaction,when I got pulled away from it for about 2 hours and came back to a fuming sulphuric acid and tar
You should be able to set up the RODE shotgun Microphone on your camera, and just let it pick you up directionally. If it's too quiet, turn up the gain a bit.
It's possible to get nitrates by burning ammonia/air mix over calcium hydroxide. Then you add oxalic acid and distill azeotropic hno3
I'm pretty sure the ammonia to nitrate conversion in habor process related industrial production uses catalyst and high pressures and temps
"what thing have u spent the most time on for the least rewards?" MY LIFE :')
An explosive being created in a solution of oxidiser? Explosions and fire video pls!!!!
My worst expiriment is stil ongoing. I'm trying to extract the potasium-sodium tatrate from the "bio backing powder" for my Fehling-2 solution. I got a whole bunch of it real cheap, but it had a huge excess of sodium bicarb. I am a very amateur chemist, so i don't have nearly enough ethanol or acetone for a decent extraction and i'm trying to go cheap, so i'm forced to work with water (when i fine tune the process well enough I'll even use distilled water). I am at around 1.5 months of work, 13 tries with little to no payback and no will to do any of it anymore. The process has always gone wrong at some very cruicial point (me knocking down the filtration set-up, me boiling it to dryness and burning it, me using the wrong reactant, me not recrystallising the reactant before using it and introducing a whole bunch of inseparable junk, me eyeballing everything cuz stoichiometry is for pussies and last but not least, me falling asleep at the kitchen table at 3 in the morning and (after learning my mistake from last time) baking it in the oven to, basically, a piece of charcoal).
The baking powder has starch as filler, so it's extra-fun to separate. And even if, after 24 h over waiting, i decant everything perfectly, some of it makes through. It passes right through any filter i have and is virtually impossible to separate. So, i just boil everything down till the starch burns and clumps up and is actually "filterable". After filtering, I add vinegar to the solution and wait till the reaction dies down. I transfer everything to a baking dish and put it in the oven at 100-120°C. I heat it until it becomes slightly cloudy. I add a little water and take it out. Theoretically, the solution should be colourless and crystallize out right away. Best i had is black-coffee-coloured, full of particles of coloided carbon (you guessed it, it's again, completely unfiltarable) and NOT CRYSTALLISING.
Like, at some point, i got some cristal-formation in a test run, but i just effing needed to scale it up. Now, i only have half of my initial product, whole metric shit ton of mysteriously looking filtrates and (like probably the yield of my process) 0.1% of the optimism i had at the beginning. I'm doing the last run on weekend. Wish me luck.
P.S. sorry for any typos ( If, or rather when, you find any, you're more than welcome to correct me) English is not my native language. I'm actually half-Ukrainian/ half-Austrian. Don't really know which half is dominant.
P.P.S. i fucking love parenthesis (sry)
I would just use ammonia from the store. It's used for cleaning and it's super inexpensive. Literally just bubble the ozone through the ammonia and let it run for a month. It's a long process but it works. Just keep in mind that it produces small amounts of nitric acid inside of the tube you are flowing it through, so it will degrade the rubber tube over time.
Why don’t you do ammonium nitrate via the Haner and Oswald process
I spent a good while trying to make triisopropyl aluminum before I realized aluminum likely won't even react with isopropyl chloride. That was after spent a night making isopropyl chloride by reacting rubbing alcohol with hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride by putting all three chemicals in a capped test tube and *gently* heating it with a blow torch.
How does this not create
HNO3?
Also thank you for including the balanced equation 👍
It does. It reacts with the ammona (ammonium hydroxide in water solution) and makes ammonium nitrate.
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