Who Owns Antarctica? Complex Claims to the Antarctic Explained - TLDR News
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- čas přidán 28. 05. 2024
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In the 21st Century there aren’t many disputed territories, but there’s one very icy unresolved region - the Antarctic. In this video we discuss who claims territory in Antarctica, who really controls the continent and what it means for the future.
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1 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctica
2 - www.worldometers.info/world-p...
3 - www.hurtigruten.co.uk/destina...
4 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_A...
5 - www.britannica.com/place/Anta...
6 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British...
7 - britishantarcticterritory.org.uk
8 - britishantarcticterritory.org...
9 - britishantarcticterritory.org...
10 - www.gov.uk/guidance/british-a...
11 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argenti...
12 - www.arcgis.com/apps/MapJourna...
13 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of...
14 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_...
15 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.tf
16 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lars_Ch...
17 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_M...
18 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_M...
19 - www.history.com/news/hitler-n...
20 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austral...
21 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austral...
22 - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross_De...
I responded to a few comments about this earlier, but the comments keep coming so let me pin an official response. I absolutely agree we should stick with the metric system in all TLDR Global videos. The only reason we made the mistake this time is because the UK uses such a confusing mixture of metric & imperial and I just didn't notice. However, I've messaged the TLDR Global team and everyone's aware that we will be exclusively be using the metric system - Jack
Don't cut them any slack...
...because if you give them an inch, they'll take a kilometre.
I hope the US channel will use imperial still though. Cause ain’t no body got time to do conversions.
Correction: Terra Australis was theorized BEFORE Australia was discovered by europe. You imply Medieval philosophers knew about Australia.
@@EliStettner I was surprised about that too! Medieval Europeans weren't even aware of the extent of the African or Asian continents, nor did they know about the Americas (well, some Vikings may have known).
Since when did metric measurement become the measurement of the world? The US dollar is seen as the currency of the world and they use imperial as does the UK (well, we use both quite well but will that change post-Brexit?! 😂).
So we basically have 3 categories of claims:
1. Claims without an official flag
2. Claims with an official flag
3. Claims with an official flag that features a penguin 🐧
woo a southern hemisphere video
yet he still uses imperial
@@ShinyWasTakenTwice I mean, he's British
@@joemamma4444 yet he still uses imperial
@@joemamma4444 mam UK uses metrics as well
If you’re serious about “Global”: metric please.
Was about to write the same as soon as they said square miles...
I’d add to give less weight to the UK part too. Their bias is just evident here.
@@DavidVargasCarrillo he’s British get a grip. Also the brits have a penguin on their flag c’mon
Yes, please.
Brits has a lot of pride since Napoleon, a French introduced metric system to the world.
Just like that dumb Brexit lol 🤣😂
Hope you don't get demonetized for that swatsika in the thumbnail
As this channel's brand new we aren't monetised yet anyway, so we can do whatever the hell we want (yeah I said hell... we'e so d*mn edgy) - Jack
@@TLDRnewsGLOBAL Put Erika while you're not monetized.
@@TLDRnewsGLOBAL I love the energy of this channel 😂
@@TLDRnewsGLOBAL you absolute Madlads!
"Swatsika" could hardly be reason to demonetise any YT video.
"Swastik" or as called in west "Swastika" is highly auspicious symbol used for signifying good luck and warding off evil curses as per Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and other Eastern Culture.
It is a common misconception that Hitler used the Swastika symbol. But Hitler himself never used the word "Swastika" to refer to his symbol. He called it “Hooked Cross”(“Haken Kreuz”).
Hitler first saw the Hooked Cross symbol in a Christian monastery (Lambach Abbey) which he attended as a boy. He later adopted it as an emblem for his party. There is no evidence that he ever heard of the word “Swastika”. Hooked Cross had been a sacred symbol of Christianity since its inception in ancient days and it is very natural to find Hooked Cross symbol in old churches and chapels.
me: *clicks on a tldr news GLOBAL video expecting content to maintain GLOBAL standards*
seconds in: *hears the unit “mile”*
In the UK we use an annoying mixture of metric and imperial, so I didn't even notice that when reading the voice over. I do completely agree with you though and I'll try to ensure we stick to metric going forward - Jack
@@TLDRnewsGLOBAL How many stones do you weigh Jack?
Reeeeeee
@@TLDRnewsGLOBAL thank you for the heads up, jack. (please don't take my comment as an offense though, 'twas just constructive criticism :))
One important thing to note is that the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand all mutually recognise each others claims.
I’m pretty sure all the countries with claims recognise each other with the exceptions of chile and Argentina
That is not surpising seeing the UK gave the claims to Australia and NZ.
@@Stevooo The UK, France, Australia, New Zealand and Norway all recognize each other's claims.
Considering they're all technically still ruled by the British monarchy, that's kind of a "shaking your own hand" situation.
@@theMoporter They are not ruled by the British Monarchy. They share a monarch Queen Elizabeth II but she rules over reach Commonwealth Realm separately. They are independent states; In theory Canada could declare war on the UK and that's possible because the Monarchy of Canada is a separate entity to the Monarchy of the UK.
Unless there is a penguin in their flag, they cannot claim it!
Britan has a very interesting history when it comes to coat of arms.
@@FreedomLovingLoyalistOfficial haha
No penguin, no claimin'
Norway has a knighted penguin named Nils Olav III he's a brigadier in the Norwegian army.
Happy British noises
As an Argentinian, I have to add that we also have our Antarctic claim as a incorporated territory. It's literally a department of one of our provinces and it even sends representatives to its local house.
Best part of this is, United States has no actual claim!
Is there oil in Antarctica?
@@RafaelW8 oil is going to be useless by the end of this century
@@malik250988 so, about 80 more years to go if the planet survives that long? Great argument
Same as China cause it has always been a apart of it.
@@malik250988 oil will never be useless, might just its one of the cheapest and efficient fuels we have. What else you gonna use, natural gas is pretty good
ONE IMPORTANT NOTE: The Antarctic Treaty IS NOT set to review in 2047, the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (which prohibited any activity on mineral resources other than scientific ones) is going to be open for review in 2047, that's a very important point, the Antarctic Treaty itself doesn't have an "expiration date". Also the chilean and argentinian claims are way more complex than that, I feel like the time should had been better distributed between the claims (this is supposed to be TLDR Global, not TLDR UK), you didn't mention anything about their own governnng bodies for the territory nor the fundations of their claims as heirs of the spanish empire (who did claim all the lands south to the strait of Magellan). Good video tho
I hate when TLDR half asses things.
A good video that could've been great.
They also purporsedly changed Argentina's constant and uninterrumpted presence to "near constant", and on the video timestamps only marked the british claim (appart from saying multiple times that they take it very seriously) while also ignored how Antartica is part of Tierra del Fuego province (having elections, a governor, flag, sharing representation in congress and and being fully fledged citizens that also share currency with mainland)
Appart from totally disregarding Chile this video si not biased to make the bri'ish look like they have any right over that land at all 💀
I would like to see a video on Antarctic law
i second this motion
Aye third as well
Agreed
So you would like to see the next video.
And how much of it involved penguins.
The legal justification for the Argentine and Chilean claims goes all the way back to the Tordesillas Treaty of 1494. The treaty drew a line that divided undiscovered lands between Spain and Portugal. Basically, both countries say that the land west of that meridian belonged to Spain and was inherited by them when they gained their independence. Which country inherited which section of Antarctica (if any at all) is an unresolved issue, of course, so their claims overlap.
I doubt the Spanish knew of Antarcticas existence since pe they never fully conquered the patagonia region which would've brought them closer to discovering it.
So Brazil need a big portion...hahahah
@@pecadodeorgullo5963 The Spanish barely knew of any territories outside of the Caribbean back then. Antarctiva wasn't discovered until the 19th century. But the treaty was meant to apply to undiscovered lands.
@@a2falcone who apart from Spain and Portugal actually accepted the treaty though? It was changed twice and was thrown in the bin by Portugal during the Berlin conference.
@@pecadodeorgullo5963 Well, the treaty proper was bilateral so it didn't need to be accepted by any other nations, but the Inter Caetera Papal Bulla it was based on had authority over all Catholic (pre-Reformation) kingdoms and wasn't challenged by most of them.
As a South African I think we should also get involved in Antarctic politics.
Antarctica for the Southern Hemispherians!
Kkk 🤙🤙😏 Africa
@@clasqm I can stand behind that. Just take the British part that doesn't overlap with Chile and Argentina and take the Norwegian part.
Good that all the south pointing countries are competent at mining
@@a2falcone The Norwegian part is directly South of South Africa.
I love that there's an Argentine emoji (pin?, whatever). But... it's missing the province of Tierra del Fuego (part of the homonymous island), which is VERY characteristic to its silhouette. Maybe you could redesign it for future videos and eventually a pin.
as a Chilean I'm disappointed you didn't mention we have the only civilian town in the continent
Argentina have one, and the British had a dozen, but yours sounds the nicest.
@@JackDrewitt I just realised they closed the primary school in 2018 😢 Argentina has civil population within a military base which isn't exactly the same. Did the British actually brought children with them?
@@alejandro_mery
I believe the British have only sent scientists/military etc, as far as I know only Chile and Argentina have tried to establish civilian settlements. Though whether either has succeeded is, unsurprisingly, controversial
@@oliverwilson11 we can still colonise Mars, right? right?
@@alejandro_mery
Oh man you accidentally brought up one of my least favorite topics. I am extremely anti colonising Mars.
TLDR presents fun with flags 😂
beat me to it
There’s a simple answer to this question.
The penguins.
Please for the love of god use metric system when this is the global channel, global is not US and only 3 countries left using imperial system
Tough. I prefer metric but deal with it
In the UK we use an annoying mixture of metric and imperial, so I didn't even notice that when reading the voice over. I do completely agree with you though and I'll try to ensure we stick to metric going forward - Jack
@@TLDRnewsGLOBAL thank you
I was going to say, I'm american but it threw me off hearing you say miles in this video lmao
Agreed. The metric system is just objectively better. Almost everyone uses it and it works in logical increments. Also, different point, but is the world really having less disputed territories?
3:25 Britain controversially claim the Falkland Islands.
At the time it was uncontroversial. Argentina didn't exist yet. It was a Spanish protectorate and would remain one for another 60 years! The only people who initially challenged the British claim was the French who planted a flag on the south Island at the same time we were planting one on the north and wanted to use the islands as a prison colony.
A protectorate?
@Sean Francis Waters Lancaster Ah, you meant Argentina was a Spanish protectorate, not the Falklands.
It wasn't, though. Spanish colonies weren't autonomous. They were under centralized rule and fully incorporated into the Kingdom of Spain by then.
You forgot to mention that Roald Amundsen (a Norwegian) was the first person to reach the south pole. That's a big part of the Norwegian claim. Norway also have a research station there.
Named after the current Norwegian Queen, right?
@@SimenGrythe no queen maud is the first queen of Norway after our liberation from the first the Danish in 1814 then the Swedish in 1905. Norway was a colony for almost 1000 years I think
@@jacobgrimstad7423 vet det - referansen var til Troll, etter Kong Haralds spøk på et intervju =)
@@SimenGrythe jeg er dum
Isn't it that there are at least 3/4 people who are "discoverers" of Antarctica? The first to see it, the first to step on it, the first to explore deeply, and the first to claim it.
I just love that Antarctica was named as the anti bear before it was discovered that it had no bears. Those beautiful coincidences keep life interesting
The Norwegian claim on the map is outdated. Norway claims all the way to the pole.
Literally every major world crisis started with "It's a little far off to worry about yet".
Isn't the US the only country that uses miles? This is the Global channel... 😐
the uk, canada and some african countries all use the imperial system to some extent
Liberia use it
So we have the list of exceptions. Please use Metric for everybody else.
When someone smiles at you do you respond back with a skilometer?
Canada Liberia Myanmar and the UK all uses the imperial system idiot 😂
Argentina's claim on Antarctica uses the Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands provincial flag, as it is within the claimed jurisdiction of that province. So does the Malvinas/Falklands claim as well. Argentine Antarctica also has its own seal featuring penguins.
Argentinean claim including the Malvinas/ Falklands, also has its own flag and legislation, its considered a province not a territory, province of Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e islas del Atlantico Sur, and southern Argentina it is less than 600 miles of Antartica, not 3200. The chilean claim its also considered a region of the country, the XII Region de Magallanes y Antartica Chilena. Basically, the British claim it set over part of two countries, argentine claim its over chilean territory, and chilean claim over argentine territory, its really complex
Wow I actually really like the UK Antarctic flag, that white ensign is really unique and a penguin is just the icing on the cake 👌
The Norwegian claim actually extends all the way to the South Pole(since 2008).
The Norwegian claim is also backed by them being the first to reach the South Pole.
Thanks for this video. I can't wait for the next one! This global channel is a great idea!
2:00 They thought there was a Terra Australis, but they didn't think it was south of Australia because they didn't know about Australia yet
This is really interesting.
Decided to follow.
Shades of Eddie Izard here- “But do you have a flag?”
If you are going to do a series on Antarctica, you should cover the 1930 Dyer expedition from Miskatonic University. It's a fascinating story.
Interesting vid, I enjoyed. You mentioned the Falklands islands, but the island to the east is the South Georgia and South Sandwich islands, a British Overseas Territory.
2:55 The man portrayed in the picture is not Edward Bransfield, but Karl Benz :)
Never really understood why the UKs claim on the Falklands is controversial. We found an uninhabited rock. People now live on that rock. Those people want to be part of the UK.
Argentina gotta bring bigger ships if they want to dispute that claim.
Because your country puts nuclear weapons on those islands and nobody wants to be near and evil country that takes what it wants by force
@@elnovillomapuchedehomerus2412 The only occupants of the Falklands before the Brits where puffins. It would be reasonable not to station nuclear weapons on the island... if there was no threat of invasion.
@@TheOpalHammer there was indigenous tribes living in those islands but they traveled from the mainland to the islands and back then every time they could otherwise how do you think the foxes got to the islands? By the way argentina has old aircrafts and weapons is no threat to anyone so having nuclear weapons in the islands is utterly useless.
ngl the British Antarctic Territory coins actually look pretty cool
You could have mentioned the history 9f the San Telmo: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Telmo_(ship)
An Antarctica pin would be really cool I think. However I would only imagine something like that could be released as some kind of special edition limited merch
Great video for global news, even had a few chuckles about some of the weird/funny stuff shown or talked about.
LOVED THIS VID!
We are never taught much about other claims in argie schools (as if they cared about any other country or culture :p) and it's clear you all put your effort to make it as neutral, unbiased and informative as possible. Keep going!
Who owns antarctica?
The thumbnail: *D a n a z i s*
I am disapointed that you did not talk about Roald Amundsen when you talked about Queen Maud land
- "Just for the sake of time, we won't go into as much detail in their claim"
- Spends a one and a half minute talking about novelty British coins.
TLDR Global still looks too much like a "TLDR UK but abroad"
You forgot to mention the first and oldest permanently populated settlement in Antarctica mate: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orcadas_Base
Ah man, for some reason I thought you might go into the Piri Reis map that was made in the 1500s (based on an earlier map) that not only shows that Antarctica was already discovered by a previous civilisation but that it was Ice free (likely pre 4000 BC)
The terra australis hypothesis is why Australia gets it's name because they at first thought they had found it so "below Australia" is not exactly correct.
2:05 It wasn't hypothesized to be south of Australia, because they didn't know about Australia. In fact I think Australia was kind of named after Terra Australis, although they already knew by that point that it probably wasn't as big as the proposed Terra Australis.
What surprises me is no one claim the whole continent.
Do a video on the Whiskey Wars! It’s the cutest, most passive aggressive territorial war ever.
i cant wait for the next one
Great video! However, what about the supposedly unclaimed area? I would have loved to hear some words about the Grand Duchy of Westarctica and why it's never been (successfully) claimed by any internationally recognized nation in the first place.
Oh damn I used to use backpack.tf all the time as a teenager. That brought back some memories.
Pewdiepie owns Antarctica and you can’t say otherwise
Svalbard which is owned by Norway, also have a claim by Russia and have their own city there too.
I have been in both cities during winter.
Very bold of you to put the funni symbol in the thumbnail
Loving the penguin memes throughout 😂
Considering the disrespect to the native inhabitants (penguins) I would say that everybody loses their claims if they don't have them in the coin or flag. They Brits can have it all.
would love tldr history ♥♥♥
- TLDR News: Global
- The video: half of it is about Britain 🥴
Imagine how I felt as a Chilean.
that's very expected when talking about history of most regions. The British have always been keen for discovery and colonization
@@RealLifeW0rld Not always, and so were the Portugese, the Spanish, the Dutch and others. Still, "one of the three guys who claimed to have been the first to see Antarctica was British" doesn't explain why the history of the British claim is more interesting than the other claims.
@@a2falcone i didn't say "always". i said that when talking about most regions, the British pop up somewhere. the British claim is the most interesting bcuz it was once the largest Antarctic claim, when the Australian and New Zealand claim were parts of the British claim.
Wait until someone finds oil.
Found gays
100 years later, a future numismatist will see a collection of rare antique British antarctic coin and go "Da fuq is Boaty McBoatface?"
2:10 pssstt Terra Australis was what they thought Australia was not Antarctica.. right there in the name
Also Australia’s claim does have a semi-offical flag used by officials occasionally. It’s basically the normal flag but more of a Fijian blue 🇦🇺🇫🇯
Anyone find it a little odd that the front of the British Antarctic coins doesn't have Queen Elizabeth II's name yet they still have a portrait of the Queen?
I need to pull you up on one thing only because I've recently been pulled up on it myself.
Apparently Australia isn't classified as a continent any more. It's now considered part of what is called Oceania. It's due to the understanding of continental shelves.
It's been a few years since I was in school.
If anyone can give me more information on this I'd be grateful.👍
Australia is still a continent.
Oceania is a geographical location which Australia is part of.
A continent is a continuous piece of land which the Oceania is not that.
Australia lies on its own plate tectonic along with the island of New Guinea and Tasmania. It’s continental shelf lies just off it’s coastline and 99.9% of the islands that make up the Oceania are not part of it.
Sure Australia isn’t as large as other continents like Africa. But it is just the smallest one.
There is no such thing as a standard definition for continent. There are different systems for delimitation of the continents, and which one you learned is more a matter of "where" than "when".
what i learned from this video:
-antarctic land is complicated
-all flags must have penguins, as it makes then by far superior
"Britain is serious about their claim; they've got a website"
This reminds me of when my mother brought me and all my siblings a PlayStation to share
As somebody from Shetland I've always wanted to visit the South Shetland islands, but there's no way in hell I'm paying over £10k for a 2 week holiday.
It’s fun with flags !
Boaty McBoatface is epic
3:26 was this in response to mine and others comments about the Falklands?! 😂
How German do you want your name?
Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen: yes.
He was a Baltic German. A race rarely talked about today.
0:57 Argentina also claims SGSSI and Norway claims Peter I Island and Bouvet. Also both Queen Muad Land (Since 2015) and Adélie Land extend fully to the south pole.
7:26 The first Antarctic birth was actually Solvieg Jacobsen in 1913 decades earlier, her mother was British-Norweigen. You fell for the Argies propaganda.
7:28 This is debatable, a peak of at least 30,000 whalers worked through the British magistrate to hunt in Antarctica.
All in all, good video. Shame you didnt go into Japans claim, the USA and russias right to claim, prospective claiments, the Hope Bay incident, or the explorering each country did, but i enjoyed it and learnt a bit.
The Antarctic Treaty defines Antarctica as any territory located South of the 60th parallel, which excludes South Georgia, and thus, Solveig Jacobsen was not born in Antartica.
@@MarcoFHQ Bit silly, then what continent are sgssi and Kerguelen on then if not Antarctica?
That's like saying that Belarus isn't in Europe because it isn't in the Council of Europe.
Or that Ireland isn't in the North Atlantic because they aren't in the North Atlantic Treaty.
Subantarctic Islands are Antarctic as they are below the Antarctic convergence, simple as.
Just noticed that it’s impossible to make a Chile Pin cos it’s too skinny
Europe borders: Messy
North American borders: Straight
Antarctica borders: Pizza slices
I claim all the remaining part of Antarctica for myself.
The British might have a penguin in their flag but Norway has a knighted penguin
What app do you use to make this kinda videos?
When will you start making videos on events in specific countries?
Should be pretty soon, we just need to start more generic and evergreen videos to get the ball rolling on the channel. We've got a video about China scheduled for the middle of next week though! - Jack
South Africa: Uh guys, what... Um... Why don't we get any Antarctica?
No one really owns Antarctica. But countries experiment to divide it.
Would you ever consider putting your videos on any other platforms like lbry?
when more than half the video is about the british claim and the other half is anyone else
Saying Antarctica has no countries is an oversimplification at best & false at worst.
I didn’t know that Norway had claimed so much land.
Antartica, as a whole, has the best flag
I'm so glad Boaty Mcboatface is still around.
Yes ep 2
part 2 pls
Where is part 2 to this video?
Hopefully we can secure a treaty in 2048 which promotes cooperation in science and exploration on the continent. Exploiting the continent will only make things worse.
A Place Further Than The Universe ~Sora yori mo Tooi Basho~
I thought the British claim revolved primarily around South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands as the SS Islands are some of the closest sovereign territory to parts of that particular Antarctic 'wedge' (perhaps even closest sovereign territory to the South Pole?). All of the Falklands sits further away than Chile/Argentina.
How come Norway's claimed wedge doesn't go all the way to the South Pole?
It does now.
They’ve recently increased the size of there claim.
I'll go ahead and claim the land between Chile and New Zealand (since it seems to still be free) in the name of North Carolina.
I voted on all the flags... I had free time
We're two.
The Nazis needed the land for margarine is something I never thought I would hear
No flag, no country! You can’t have one!