Yugoslav Resistance and Serb Collaboration in 1941 - WW2 Special
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- čas přidán 7. 10. 2020
- Resistance has been brewing since the Axis invasion in April 1941. Multiple resistance groups fight for very different reasons and with different methods. When they launch a big offensive against the occupier, lines between friend and foe become blurry.
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Between 2 Wars: • Between 2 Wars
Source list: bit.ly/WW2sources
Hosted by: Spartacus Olsson
Written by: Joram Appel
Director: Astrid Deinhard
Producers: Astrid Deinhard and Spartacus Olsson
Executive Producers: Astrid Deinhard, Indy Neidell, Spartacus Olsson, Bodo Rittenauer
Creative Producer: Maria Kyhle
Post-Production Director: Wieke Kapteijns
Research by: Joram Appel
Edited by: Miki Cackowski
Sound design: Marek Kamiński
Map animations: Eastory ( / eastory )
Colorizations by:
Mikolaj Uchman
Carlos Ortega Pereira, BlauColorizations, / blaucolorizations
Dememorabilia - / dememorabilia
Sources:
Bundesarchiv
Museum of Yugoslavia
FORTEPAN / Konok Tamás ID 27502
Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe
from the Noun Project: Skull by Muhamad Ulum, Dead Soldier by Gan Khoon Lay, Helmet by Daniel Turner, Injury by Adriano Emerick, person by Adrien Coquet
Soundtracks from the Epidemic Sound:
Johan Hynynen - Dark Beginning
Johannes Bornlof - Deviation In Time
Johannes Bornlof - The Inspector 4
Reynard Seidel - Deflection
Andreas Jamsheree - Guilty Shadows 4
Archive by Screenocean/Reuters www.screenocean.com.
A TimeGhost chronological documentary produced by OnLion Entertainment GmbH.
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Can you do the political or social situation of the Philippines between the two world wars?
Not a single mention of Slovene OF (Liberation Front), TIGR (Trst, Istra, Gorica, Reka), Partisans or traitors Domobranci?
@@SuperMileynews I believe they will cover all of that in the next episodes.
tito is my favorite dictator among them all. no dictator was this based... and his death was the end of the understanding among minorities. a war caused by 3 competing pipeline consortii. the TAP, Nabucco, South Stream? i can't remember those specifically but there is a great book about the conflict
Nikola Vulović hopefully so✊
The woman in the thumbnail is
Albina Mali-Hočevar,
an extremely brave Slovenian anti-fascist resistance fighter and national hero, who was wounded three times in combat and fought to liberate Yugoslavia from 1941 until 1944.
She was wounded twice in 1942, and survived a mine explosion in 1943,
Still fighting until 1944.
She lived until the age of 75 in 2001.
Točno. Correct. :)
Brian Smith Thank you,I was wondering about who she is.
@Nevenius to be honest it took me about 4 hours of digging around on multiple historic sites before I found a rudimentary bio on her
(she was a badass)
@Goran, thanks!
I always try and find who the people on the thumbnails are
(at least those not already mentioned by Indy and Spartacus)
That picture is of her when she was 17 or 18. Total badass.
Shrapnel is good for your health... Makes you stronger. Unless it kills you of course...
My great-grandfather was forced by the Germans to work in Yugoslavia during the second World War. He was a lorry driver. And while he was captured by the Germans he somehow managed to join the Yugoslav resistance in secret. And someday when driving he was the 3rd lorrie in line when the first lorrie hit a mine placed by the resistance. It was an ambush and with gunfire coming from all sides he managed to run of into the forest and escape. Later resistance members find him. But he doesn't speak the language as he is Dutch. But he managed to convince them to look in his boot. As he had hidden a small piece of paper in it what said that he was part of the resistance. And from that point onward he is an active member of the Yugoslavian resistance until the end of the war. This is sadly the only story i know from him about his time he was there. As he passed away before i got more interest in the subject.
Edit:stupid autocorrect on my phone. Said world instead of war
Dang a Dutchman in the Yugoslavian resistance. That is very interesting indeed
As i remember there was one Dutch or Danish guy that join partisans and help them establish armor unit early into war.
Amazing story. Thanks for sharing that. In '91-'92 no small number of Dutch came down to support Croatia and Bosnia. They were a welcome addition.
He's either paid for this double-speak, propaganda and charged title or what? I can't believe they're're this uninformed. Is this made by a Croat or what?
1)Did he name one Chetnik anti-Jew pogrom? When have Serbs ever been anti-Semitic?
2)He said that "In 1941 most resistance was from Montenegro,B&H&Serbia" which is technically true, yet deliberately failed to mention they were ethnic Serbs, since those *subsequently created republics*(in 1945) were majority-Serbian at the time.
3)Why the ideologically-charged title about "Serb collaboration"?
4)Failed to mention that first towns and villages were liberated by Chetniks&that majority of 1941 resistance success was by joint effort?
5)Failed to mention Ustasha Croat-Muslim genocidal crimes against Serbs who killed 100's of thousands of Serbs.
This channel really fell in quality.
@@Porkeater2610957 Sve govarit lasze za Serbima. :-(
The entire World when is spoken about resistance in WW2 thinks of French resistance from video games named Medal of Honor or Call of Duty but they don't know about Soviet and Yugoslavian resistance at all. Thank you Spartacus and your team for teaching that World the truth.
Indeed!
Well, actually, I was taught about the resistance Yugoslavia and Russia in school...but my history teacher was a soldier...
Or Polish or Italian or Norwegian
@@mitchellsmith4690 Cool, but you are an individual who knows that. I think you understood my comment above?
@@blakedake19 Yup, but Yugoslavian had some success. The rest had no liberated town like they did. Did they? Hm?
It is worth mentioning that among those killed in Kragujevac there was a number of students and underage kids (about 300, according to what I've found).
The monument standing today marking their death holds a quote from one of the professors, saying "Shoot, I'm still holding class."
This is indeed a sad episode from our history, and the quote is something a lot of Serbs are taught as kids.
Never forget.
Ngl that quote can catch a lot of English speakers off-guard...
True, but what about the Croatian konc kamps,brutal genocide and milion dead serbs,,they had even a konc kamp for kids where the 60k kids died, i didnt see that in a video
@@vukaleksic1654 Ah yes, playing victim again... what about the Srebrenica genocide you committed, dear?
@@mottom2657 playing victim card? Look i dont even know what to write bc they'll gona deleted.. You....#%😷x÷×*#fknn🤐xx🤐😬
@@mottom2657 who are you? what do you know about balkan history? balkan wars, ww1 ww2 90s?? probably nothing
Not really important but Spartacus Olsson is an amazing name.
So amazing that Sen. Cory Booker (D, New Jersey) called himself Spartacus. I think that was a different reason, though.
I should have named one of my sons Spartacus...
And any amazing gentleman too!
Not necessarily important but I think few can pull off such a name
We have to hold onto the spectacle in our every day. Otherwise life means nothing.
All 4 of my grandparents were in the partisans.
3 of them fought in the partisan army, my grandmother from my father's side and her father, my great grandfather were smuggling Jews, Gypsies, dissidents and volunteers to the partisans. They used my great grandpa's bakery, which was requisitioned by the German garrison for their needs, as a cover. They used ships carrying flour for the bakery across the Danube from Vojvodina. They would mix up the illegals with the bakery help workers and the ship crew and transported them north via Danube to Vojvodina where partisan contacts were waiting for them.
My great uncle (grandpa's brother) escaped from Mauthausen concentration camp as POW after being captured during the initial invasion of Yugoslavia. He escaped together with a British pilot and a Polish soldier who was actually Jewish, but his comrades faked his papers to hide his identity. They spoke fluent German so they were running errands for the doctor in the camp. They managed to keep their heads low, even pretended to be anti Russian and anti Semitic so after a few months doctor trusted them enough to let them out for an errand without armed escort guards. One day they simply walked out of the front gate with pockets filled with maps and information the POW's gathered and never came back. They were supposed to meet with Italian partisans who were to take them to a British submarine to get evacuated. This was important for the Allies since they held information about the Nazi infrastructure, camps, positions in Austria etc. Grandpa decided to bail from that and walked back to Serbia to join the partisans. He passed away last year at the age of 102. He is still a legend in our family.
My grandma from my mother's side joined partisans after Ustasa tortured and slaughtered her brother who was an Orthodox priest, gathered every villager they could catch, locked them in his church and burned it down with people inside. 4 young shepherds were the only survivors only because they were out of the village tending to the sheep. When they brought back the news to the other village every single combat capable man and woman joined the partisans, including grandma and her 2 brothers who had a personal score to settle, while others ran to the mountains. Which confirms the fact that Nazi retaliations only ignited the resistance, not the other way around like Hitler expected.
From my mothers side, grandpa was an ethnic Turk from Macedonia. He joined partisans on day 1 of the uprising. He was wounded twice, joined newly formed JNA after the war, became artillery master sergeant in Sarajevo, Bosnia where he lived and at age 74 wanted to join the army of Bosnian Serbs when the civil war started in 1992. but grandma wouldn't let him. He passed away peacefully in his sleep in 1997. Even at the time when most of his generation wanted a religious burial as a part of their newly found national identity (regardless of faith and ethnicity) he insisted in his last will that he should be buried in Sarajevo with a red star on his tombstone and a Yugoslavian flag next to his grave. Which we have honored.
Hope you don't mind a bit of family history related to the period.
My great grandfather from my fathers mothers side was a part of the partisans. He fought in sutjeska and neretva battles, was wounded there and contracted tiphus in the battle of sutjeska. After the war he was given a plot of land in a small village called plavna in vojvodina (just across the danube when looking from vukovar) and a soldiers pension. He was highly decorated and even mentioned in the so called "spomenica" of war heroes, sadly he died in the 90s so didnt have a chance to meet him (i was born in 2000) . My great grandfather from my mothers fathers side after he returned from exile in egypt (he was a serb in ISC) served as a courier in the partisan army since he was only 12 in 1944. I had the pleasure to talk with him about his time in the war. Sadly he passed away in 2014 when i was 14.
I'll never forget the story of how my grandpa joined the Partisans. Since he was a Croat and had just finished high school when Yugoslavia fell in 1941, he was forced to serve his conscription time in the Croatian Home Guard (domobrans). Since he spoke German and French, he was given a higher rank and a command of a small twenty man regiment in Sarajevo. In 1942, the Germans told him to find the whereabouts of one famous Serb partisan from the area (by now I forgot his name, but he wasn't very prominent later on in the war). He was accompanied by one German who didn't speak our language and acted also as a translator. There he mistranslated some things, giving the German commander wrong information - he said that it was the wrong house - and also telling the mother of said partisan (since he was not home and had already joined the others in the hills) to go into safety. Soon after, he himself went into the hills, and despite being captured by the partisans at first, since he was of the Home Guard, he was soon accepted into their ranks after he explained himself.
Years later, after the war, said partisan sent him a thank you letter (he was living in Belgrade at that time) and invited him for a cup of coffee if he ever finds himself in Belgrade. He thanked him, but unfortunately did not meet up with him, since he lived on the opposite side of Yugoslavia after the war and didn't visit Belgrade that often. Nevertheless, it was a nice gesture and story we often retell :)
Great story I live in Belgrade and know only one old person from that time he's in his 90s and was Tito's interpreter in english , turkish and arabic
I had dinner with him two weeks ago.
He is getting too old and can't hear well but his stories are awesome
@@Porkeater2610957 stfu u just copy pasting this shit shut up
Thanks for sharing, it's really incredible how personal so much of this history is. One reason we always leave our comments open is because stories like this add enormous value to the overall historiography being created.
My grandfather worked at a Railway station in Reljevo near Sarajevo in 1941. One cold morning he was standing near the train trackt as partisans and civilians ran by. He was shocked, and the partisans were to that he has seen them. They took him with them on a march that would later become the famous Igman March. He stayed in the partisans and fought until 1945 with them, from Bosnia to Slovenia with the Soviet army. While he was a partisan the Ustase caught his two brothers and took them to Jasenovac Concentration camp for being "Bolshevik Supporters". They both died there. He was wounded 3 times. He was in the 1. Proleterska brigade.
@@agrameroldoctane_66 conscription =/= volunteer service
Can't break a promise if you haven't made any in the first place.
There is a book called "The Forgotten 500" about the rescue of downed Allied airmen and aircrews, mostly bomber crews, who were saved by the rural Serbian mountain people of Yugoslavia. If you're interested in history and you like ww2 stuff (like Indy and Mr.Spartacus do) then you will enjoy this book for sure, as there is much insight gained about the conflict between Tito and Mihailovitch. War is a terrible, terrible thing, in which all suffer, and in most cases, it is the innocent who suffer and are sacrificed for the indignation of others want for power and greed. Much thanks for this special episode mr spartacus, well done indeed.
From what I understand that book only talks about the 500 or so rescued by the cetniks. Doesnt mention the 700-1000 rescued by the partisans.
My father was a partisan and has told me stories of rescuing us airman in what is now Istra Croatia. He spent two years in the mountains by motovoon fighting the nazis.
@@CagedBoy That book is showing that Chetniks were not collaborators
@@carick235 there are many many documents that prove they collaborated. There is photographic evidence as well. Just cause they saved some pilots doesn't make them innocent of collaboration. My family alone lost 3 members to the cetnik knives and we're Serbian also. So we know what the cetniks are like pretty well.
@@CagedBoy And how many lost to communist knives?
3:04 not partizans but the chetniks, just look at the amblem on the cap of the man on the left side
Milim da je 31.08.1941 Loznica..... Cetniks of Draza Mihailovic not partisans!
They do not care. This channel is a typical historian gaining information from COMMUNIST falsified history. Partizan generals admit to claiming cetnik victories.
@@unethicalgoose chetnicks were murderers and war criminals
@@kategoried7501 didn’t kill enough croats
@@kategoried7501 you can say what you want but they avenged themselves.
In the words of amazing Lindybeige:
"Actually, it was more complicated than that".
This pretty much describes everything about Yugoslavia in that time period.
I think that describes the region since about 200 BCE sadly. sm
@@mattwoodard2535 True that.
Somehow the Yugoslav Wars were more complicated.
@@TheDirtysouthfan They were almost as complicated. Maybe even more, because some history from WW2 played a role in minds of people. Simplistic view is result of propaganda.
@@nesa1126 and simplistic point of view is a result of a lack of knowledge.
Listening foreigners trying to speak Serbian names and places is always fun. Sorry Sparty , but you're no match for Slavic consonants.
LMAO, My grand-mother speaks Sorbian and when ever we talk about that area of the world I feel exactly like Spart
Sometimes it makes me tear my remaining hair out, but let's face it, any sort of Slav background is an advantage in this case...
@@OakAsmr I have heard people speaking Sorbian. At least superficially it sounded somewhat like eastern Germans trying to speak Polish.
Lets praise Spartacus german pronunciation instead, that's no easy feat ;)
@@salis-salis sparty is German :D
"James Bond" was Yugoslavian resistence fighter, who worked for British agency.His name was Dusko Popov
"James Bond" is Dusko Popov . He is SERB !!
@@borkokostic8290 yugoslav.
@@tacticalsocialist8060 You do not like that D. Popov was a Serb. That is your problem. Serb born in Serbia.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Du%C5%A1ko_Popov
@@borkokostic8290 he was part of a *yugoslavian* resistance which makes him a
*y u g o s l a v*
@@tacticalsocialist8060 Another stupidity. Popov was a Serb and double spy. Was he German or British ?
Yugoslav is not ethnic group.
There are some flaws in this video. It was a Yugoslav government in exile, including many non-Serb politicians, not a Serbian one. Yugoslav royalists also included many non-Serbs, mostly Slovenes and some Bosniak formations, who felt their loyalty was on the King's side. Serbian Quisling government was unpopular and had difficulties in its attempts to organise an effective militia (the so called Serbian volunteer corps). Kosta Pecanac had, as far as I know, never been under Mihajlovic's command. Furthermore, the first town liberated in Serbia was Loznica, and it was done by Mihajlovic's forces.
He's either paid for this double-speak, propaganda and charged title or what? I can't believe they're're this uninformed. Is this made by a Croat or what?
1)Did he name one Chetnik anti-Jew pogrom? When have Serbs ever been anti-Semitic?
2)He said that "In 1941 most resistance was from Montenegro,B&H&Serbia" which is technically true, yet deliberately failed to mention they were ethnic Serbs, since those *subsequently created republics*(in 1945) were majority-Serbian at the time.
3)Why the ideologically-charged title about "Serb collaboration"?
4)Failed to mention that first towns and villages were liberated by Chetniks&that majority of 1941 resistance success was by joint effort?
5)Failed to mention Ustasha Croat-Muslim genocidal crimes against Serbs who killed 100's of thousands of Serbs.
This channel really fell in quality.
Serbian propaganda by a Serb.
@Really Doe You're not a Serb, stop pretending to be one.
@Really Doe Мислиш човек?
Количина глупости и пакости које сте рекли је својствена само (политичким) Хрватима.
Не пролази вам ова пропаганда, ни сви плаћени снимци и канали.
@Really Doe Да, Срби из РС су баш познати по томе што критикују српске ставове, и наративе и улагују се усташама и потомцима оних што су их клали, и кажу за себе да су "из Босне", пишу латиницом, не бламирај се.
Како можете спасти тако ниско да се лажно представљате као Срби, заиста јадно.
Канал је био добар једаред, добио легитимитет на емисијама о великом рату.
А поуздано знам да на новијим емисијама раде Хрвати. Отуда и титоистичко-усташки ставови.
Није реч о "четничким" ставовима, иако су четници од свих призната савезничка формација, реч је о српским и чињеничним ставовима.
Thank you and THANK YOU! Proud to be your patron at Patreon!
My grandfather was a mason in Slovenia. When the Yugoslav war started his (and my) hometown were occupied by Germany. The partisans blew up the bridges across the river Sava many times and since he was a mason he was put to work, along with others, to repair the bridges. He lived in 2004. May he rest in peace.
@X3N0N9 Thank you for sharing about him here
Quote from Tito's text in the newspaper "Proleter" (December 1942): The weakness of the partisan movement in Croatia lies in the fact that it mainly includes the Serb population, and a very small number of Croats.
@@SarsTheSecond Hrvati su 44 presli u pattizane. Srbi su oduvek se borili protiv Nemaca i Hrvata.
@AmeriKa1050 Koča Popović sends his regards
@@SarsTheSecond There are an official monograph about Sutieska battle (Sutjeska - Dolina heroja) published 1978 in Tito's Yugoslavia. According to that book the partisan casualties by nationality are: Serbs 3798 (51.5%); Croats 2556 (34.5%); Montenegrins 719 (10%), Muslims (Bosniaks) 247 (3.5%), Other 37 (0.5%). Whole Tito's battlegroup at that time had about 16000 man, slightly less than 13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Handschar also known as 1st Croatian. For those who do not know it was the Bosnian Muslim SS division. So dear @Sars The Second and @admirCS1 it seem that you are wrong.
@AmeriKa1050 Yes. They were competent to push Serb population into conflict with Germans. 100 Serbs for dead German and 50 for wounded. That was the price for one dead German. There were no major partisan rebellions on Yugoslav territories except on these where Serb (and Montenegrin) population was majority.
@Lile Stojkovic No, there is something that you will never understand. Croat communists fought for their national causes, even for their independent national state. Most Croat partisans was from Dalmatia that was under Italian occupation and they ware afraid to lose their national territories. This
channel is not on Serbian so I write in English. Is it so hard to understand for you?
You used incorrect picture for Milan Nedic, that is his brother Milutin Nedic in the photo
Close enough 😂
Kind of off-topic, but the leading Dutch collaborator Anton Mussert's brother was a lieutenant colonel in the Dutch Army and was killed during the German invasion in 1940. He was detained by Dutch officers who suspected him of treachery - apparently it was unfounded but given who his brother was and the fact that the Germans were closing in, it is perhaps understandable. Mussert's brother reached into his pocket, apparently for his ID, and a lieutenant thought he was going for a gun and shot him, mortally wounding him.
omg did they really? yikes
Steve Kaczynski Im Dutch and didn’t know that. Thanks for posting.
This is a very complicated topic, and highly disputed even to this day. All i can say (as a Serb) is that i remember my grandma talking about the ocupation. She said that there were instances where the partisans would come to her village (in central Serbia) and sometimes forcefully take grain from the villagers. Her uncle was then taken by the Germans and almost shot for helping the partisans until one of the chetniks generals intervened on his behalf. She also said that in her opinion the partisans were reckless and wouldn't care about the German reprisals, that they didn't do much damage to the Germans and that their actions served more as a propaganda for enlisting new recruits (this was for the first few years of the occupation). She didn't much like the partisans.
The funny thing is tho, that she met my Grandfather on a train after the war (he had a simillar story but was from another village), they both studied at Belgrade, married him after 15 days of knowing him, and they both greatly prospered under the new communist goverement (due to free education and rapid industrialisation) and lived hapilly. She died this year :(
So I still have mixed feelings about the topic...
Just wondering: When Serbs made an uprising against the Turks in the early 19th century, there were huge reprisals against civilians. When they made an uprising during the WW1, there were huge reprisals, especially in the Western Serbia..
My question is, why are Partisans the only ones to get blaimed? Does anyone blame those others, whose rose up against Turks and Austro-Hungarians? Why was it ok to fight for freedom then, but not during the ww2?
"Caring about reprisals" is just another phrase for colaboration, like it or not. If you "cared about reprisals" during the ww2, you were a traitor, even if your intentions were somehow good.
@@vuk911 You have a good point. I am just telling you what she thought about the whole thing. When there were uprisings against the Turks, they were very carefull to kill everyone involved, and they didn't have the 100 to 1 policy, and didn't kill over 50 000 inocent serbs in a few months after the event. I agree tho that it wasn't the partisans fault the Germans would kill Serbs when they felt like it.
@@nikoladimitriev4294 Yeah, they just made a tower out of the skulls in Nis... Proportionally speaking they were killing just as much as Germans or Ustase..
Nazis goal was annihilation and enslavement of Slavs, they were going to do the same regardless of Partisans.
@@gendale9992 Hmm, prezentovao si neke zaista snazne argumente u tvom komentaru, kao i obicnu za tvoju sortu..
@@SarsTheSecond my great grandfather was a muslim and was executed by chetniks, another one of my great grandfathers disappeared during the war, he was probably killed by chetniks or the germans. its really sad how yugoslavia devolved into such a state where all humanity was lost because of their religion or ethnicity
If the 80s wore a tie, it'd be this one. 4/5
Έλληνας?
Wouldn't a tie be 5/5 ?
I'd wear it in 2020! His suit is also nice
The Nazis slaughtered 500 children and their teachers in Kragujevac. Out of all of the Nazis who were present for the "target practice," only one refused to shoot children and he was shot with them. Thank you for trying to tell this long suppressed, complex and tragic story.
That gal is far more t-shirt worthy than Che Guevara.
Just saying.
her name was Albina Mali-Hočevar, and she was as badass as she looked
@@cwg9238---How interesting.
Don't shit on Che please. It's not his fault he is being commodified :(((((((
I was not really trying to make any point about Che other than that he’s on a lot of t-shirts
@JohnnyGotHisGun Oh thanks, Solomon. That dilemma was a little much for the rest of us.
Ok, I bow deeply to the TimeGhost team for this (yet another) masterpiece! An account of events so balanced and deeply analytical that it's an utmost pleasure to watch!! I can completely disregard the mispronounciations of the main actors, (only Nedić was spot on), but that is such a minuscule issue; I am so happy that this important part of history of the part of the world I was born and live in was narrated by the most influential history CZcamsrs in such a masterful way! Thank you so much!!
He's either paid for this double-speak, propaganda and charged title or what? I can't believe they're're this uninformed. Is this made by a Croat or what?
1)Did he name one Chetnik anti-Jew pogrom? When have Serbs ever been anti-Semitic?
2)He said that "In 1941 most resistance was from Montenegro,B&H&Serbia" which is technically true, yet deliberately failed to mention they were ethnic Serbs, since those *subsequently created republics*(in 1945) were majority-Serbian at the time.
3)Why the ideologically-charged title about "Serb collaboration"?
4)Failed to mention that first towns and villages were liberated by Chetniks&that majority of 1941 resistance success was by joint effort?
5)Failed to mention Ustasha Croat-Muslim genocidal crimes against Serbs who killed 100's of thousands of Serbs.
This channel really fell in quality.
@@Porkeater2610957 How ironic ... here you are again, accusing the channel of propaganda, yet you yourself are literally copy-pasting the exact same garbage you wrote under another response
Couldn't agree more with you. Even though I'm not native to Serbia, I've been there long enough to hear a lot of local history, from very different people, with very different viewpoints and political views. I have to say that this video was one of the better (if not best) overall assessment of all I've heard of this part/time of history (considering how little can be touched upon in 10 minutes). No doubt all kind people with political bias will profusely disagree, but that probably says more about their bias (or even fanaticism) than about the history itself. I'm pretty sure about not having much (and hopefully little to none) bias regarding this topic and certainly have extensively listened to the stories of many people who gladly would cut each others throats if they got a chance. Sometimes it can be a huge benefit being a foreigner/outsider, when you want to learn multiple sides of a story. One thing I became increasingly certain of with the years: the rather gruesome history and tragic history of the Balkan is lost on most of the rest of the world. So, I'm also very thankful, for the TimeGhost team shedding (also) more light on any history of this region. (side note: it has surprised me several times, how difficult it could be to find history teachers without political bias, both among the old and the young .. but then, the same might be said for any profession over here, that has any resemblance of power or influence over anyone else).
@@elmo2you He made many mistakes. He put wrong picture of Nedić, that is his brother. The goverment was Yugoslav goverment not Serbian (King was of Serbian origin but at that time Yugoslav king). Chetniks has many groups you cannot put them in same basket. They were multietnic, there were lot of Slovenes, Muslims from Sarajevo, Mostar and Raška (although they mostly declare themselves as Serbs), Jews and even Croats. Draža did not collaborated with Germans, he punished Pećanac for collaboration and he wasn't in good relationship with Nedić at all. He received awards from US, France and Poland. Hitler offer gold and money to he be catched dead or alive.
@@redflower2827 You're probably right about the picture. As for king Petar II, he was indeed ruling over Yugoslavia. Call it what you want, but he still came from the family that traditionally ruled Serbia. Considering the territorial changes around that time, I think it isn't per a mistake to call him the Serbian king, even if he ruled over Yugoslavia. But if you want to split hairs, go ahead. As for the Chetniks, I've heard many (often conflicting and usually politically motivated) stories about them. Also including most of the things you mentioned. For how much all that is true, as in corroborated by independently verified facts and void of politics/propaganda, I'm still not sure. It, even to this day, appears to depend a lot on who you ask (even among people who studied history). I know that the TimeGhost team takes their research serious. On the other hand, it is of course not unlikely that local people may know way more. However, over the years I've learned that almost anyone who told me they could tell me about Serbian/Balkan history, were without fail also the least objective and the most politically biases. So, forgive me if I'm not convinced about what you wrote. Or at least not with how it conflict with what was said in this video (which happens to not conflict with what I know from the period). Even with resistance movements in general (if they aren't strictly organized/controlled top-down, often from abroad), it can easily be unclear what that movement exactly is or isn't. When local people act in the name of a movement, but leadership elsewhere is neither controlling nor acknowledging those people as being part of the movement, who is to say if those actions were part of the moment? Or when higher ranking participants (each with some form of reach/command) disagree, yet both claim to be the movement? War is messy, insurgencies even more.
Thank you Spartacus for a fascinating insight. I have been to the balkans several times including Sarajevo (when it was a nippy -17 degrees c!) and Mostar amongst other places, and its a truly beautiful part of our world with beautiful people. It's so tragic that such intense and grotesque evil was unleashed on such a wonderful place, and sadly the effects still echo today.
I always appreciate the efforts you and the team out into your productions.
It is great that you decided to cover this! It is an important and interesting (also tragic) topic. Though, I dread the way the comments will go...
My grandfather was a Serb who went by Vuko during the war. I’m an American and he told me the story when I was young of fighting against the Germans. I am watching this video to learn more.
Michael, Thanks for watching & sharing a bit about your grandfather
Good timing! I was trying to find something good to watch and this popped up "8 seconds ago".
I'm really enjoying (probably not the right word for some of the topics covered) this yugoslav resistance "storyline", I've never learnt about it outside of this series.
Go watch Force 10 From Navarone. It's a start.
And, Force 10 is filmed in Yugoslavia. So, Yugo Army plays everybody. Tito visited the set!
My grandmother was born in 1928 and she remembers Kraljevo Massacre in 1941 that Spartacus mentioned.
She, her father, mother and two younger brothers were in the house because of the curfew. Austrian soldiers came, shot her mother in the hand while she was still in bed (she survived the war), and then took her father in front and shot him. She was left with wounded mother and two younger brothers for the rest of the war. Really dark times.
Thanks for sharing!
Starting a civil war while being occupied by enemies? That surprised me.
Fighting between guerilla movements is more common than you think. Sometimes (as in this case) it's due to mutually incompatible radical ideologies that make compromise nigh impossible. Other times guerilla movements blur the lines with criminal enterprises and fight over their commercial interests. Either way, civil wars among insurgencies are quite common.
Maciek, not surprising in Yugoslavia.
Well, it's not the first time the communists (ab)used a war to start their revolution.
@@hebl47 So the Chetnik s turned against the partisans, collaboratet with the Axis and startet purges on ethnic minorities...so of course the communists had to fight them as every real resitance movement would do
@@MrTwiggy93 You're mixing cause and effect, buddy.
another interesting bit of history: Mark felton covered a lot of interesting ethnicities of Axis divisions/brigades dispatched to fight the partisans, such as the Arabs largely from north africa.
Agree wholeheartedly. Between this channel and Felton's, you're getting one hell of an education on 30's-40's Europe.
bruh felton is like.. idek where he comes up with all that info, hes so fuckin awesome
Victoria Louise totally agreed. He does such awesome work with his channels.
@@VictoriaStahlecker Unfortunately he plagiarizes a considerable bit of his research. There's a post on /r/badhistory titled: "Mark Felton Productions Plagiarizes Some of His Videos, Historical Inaccuracies and All" which goes into detail about three of his videos which took almost word for word, from other sources (and took full credit). I unsubscribed from his channel when I found out.
@@sumeone123 wtf link it to me rn i need to see that
Well done, sir! Thank you!
Well presented. I love how you deal with moral questions of the war.
Thanks David, it's a hard topic to research and talk about but we hope the video is a valuable learning tool.
On the left hand side of Albina Hočevar's head it says "YUGO RESISTANCE". Well, it's absolutely true! I had yugo 45 and it painstakingly resisted: when I tried to turn the wheel to any side it resisted hardly. When I tried to brake or change gears it also resisted. Yugo was all about resistance.
😁
The relationship between Chetniks and Partisans during the war in Yugoslavia clearly parallels the relationship between CCP and KMT during the war in China.
Excellent coverage of this period.
Very well done video,keep up the great work and god bless.Cheers
Thank you very much Fatlum!
My great-grandfather, both grandfathers, grandfather-uncle Ratko Pavlović Ćićko, who is a war hero, and at least 3 more cousins fought in WW2 on the side of partisans. My other great-grandfather was slaughtered by the ustaše early in 1941. Ratko died fighting, and two other cousins died fighting as well. The rest survived the war, although one of my grandfathers remained handicapped at only 17 years of age. Even though Yugoslavia doesn't exist any more, the partisans' collective legacy remains a beacon of freedom for future generations.
TOPLICANI UVEK BILI ZAJEBANI I VOLELI SLOBODU.
Jeste pogotovo od 45 do 48..
@@HorukAI razgraničite herojsku borbu partizana tokom Drugog svetskog rata (1941-1945.) od politike KPJ **posle** rata sa kojom se slažete ili ne slažete. Ne mešajte babe i žabe. Kajmakčalan ništa manje ne sija zato što je kasnije politika kralja bila dobrim delom loša, niti bih ikad kritikovala podvige srpske vojske u Prvom svetskom ratu prema tome šta se u kraljevini dešavalo 1921. Veze s vezom nema.
I have 2 family members who fought in the partisans. First one is my Croatian great grandfather who fought in the Croatian region of Gorski Kotar close to the Mediterranean and was extremely close to my mother after my grandfather died. He fought valiantly and we commemorate him every year. Despite that, after the war he spoke against some of the things the Partisans did and ended up in prison on an island specifically made for the political opponents. Second one is my grandmother thats still alive today(she was born in 1935) and she told me stories of how she escorted Partisans in Rijeka(which was occupied by the Fascist Italy). The Partisans were concealed as foreigners hence why they needed a girl to show them around. She didn't know that he was a Partisan until she brought him to the desired place and he took off his "homeless person cover". There she says: "He was one of the finest and muscular young men I've ever seen."
My grandfather was also from gorski kotar and fought there. Brod Moravice to be precise. Was your great grafather also on Martić poljana?
For a western historian, this is very well researched. I like that you clearly understood dynamics between factions and lead up to Uzice. Thanks
''Operation Mihailovic was the final World War II German anti-guerrilla offensive to suppress the Serbian Chetnik detachments of the Yugoslav Army, headed by Colonel Dragoljub Mihailović. The offensive took place from 4 to 9 December 1941 near Šumadija, in the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia.''
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Mihailovic
Both Chetniks and Partisans were majority Serbian and the title is wrong.
Germany: we have defeated Yugoslavia and subjugated the populace.
Yugoslavia: Yes, but actually No.
Yugoslavia - good, now we can use IEDs >8D
This was a very nice and informative video.
Fascinating stuff.
Thank you.
Finally someone spoke about the rule for 1 killed german and 1 wounded german, which changed point of views allot.
My grandfather's a Bosnian-Serb who took up arms in guerella warfare as a kid/young teen on the side of the chetniks. After the war he chose to come to the UK for several reasons. First of all, it's a much safer place to live. Second, he admired Britain's role in the war. Third, he didn't want to go back to Tito's Yugoslavia
Tito was a true dictator, but people loved him.
@@TheCureEnjoyer No they didn't.
@@TheCureEnjoyer People have loved almost every dictator. Most dictators of the past hundred years have had personality cults, and couple that with censorship of all criticism, and it's inevitable that they develop a devoted, adoring base.
It doesn't mean that *everyone* loved them, of course.
@@JurzGarz completely agree, Tito was viewed like a family member in my family. Even tho he almost killed my grandfather for having a different opinion, my family still loved him.
@@Svemirsky rekao bih da ga je vecina ljudi volela
Thank you Spartacus, another amazing video and you are a great present 👍👏😁👌
Thank you
@@WorldWarTwo any time my friend ☺️
Alas, for such a beautiful part of the world the "tinder box" of Europe has always seemed a region divided.
Once again another fantastic and informative video on a part of the war that for some reason seems to go somewhat unrecognized.
Keep up the great work.
Cheers
James
Cheers, thank you for your kind words James.
An incredibly complex and difficult topic to cover, with horror then and the inspiration for future horror planted.
Watching this I am thankful I live in a peaceful & quiet part of the world. Good reminder that our problems today are small compared to past generations. Great video Spartacus!
Strange seeing you here Antonio, love ur content
You should do a video about Indie's ties ;)
I live in Serbia and am afraid that the usa is going to boil over in war🇷🇸🇷🇸
🇺🇸Trump 2020🇺🇸
Karl Papp you’re more concerned about a disjointed left wing movement than a more concerted though still decentralized (and armed) right wing reactionary movement? You literally just spewed some of the right wing propaganda in your comment. This is why you’re not concerned. Because you’re feeding into their propaganda. The thing that SHOULD have you concerned is the fact that right wing terrorism has been more frequent than both Islamic terrorism and left wing terrorism since 1994 (it could be argued you could go even further back, but it’s amazing that these statistics also account for 9/11). And guess what? It’s on the rise, which will only lead to more activity from its left wing opponents. Though we should be concerned about all forms of extremism, these past 6 years have shown us the kind of pushback that can occur in an increasingly globalized world.
It’s a good read from a good source: csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/publication/200612_Jones_DomesticTerrorism_v6.pdf
@Real Men Real Style - crossover suggestion: Analyse the style and functionality of different officer's uniforms of WW2 with Indy/Spartacus! Of course Germany would win since theirs have been designed by Hugo Boss, but still, 10/10 would watch!
Great episode. Thanks.
You are welcome!
For me, this region is the most confusing of the entire war. This helps, but still... what a hot mess.
Hahahaha! This video only covers the first year of WW2, but it lasted for 5 years!
@Kabo Torko You are right, but that make no less all the mess, fights and tensions at this area. 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944 and 1945 are together more or less 5 years, not 4.
It is a hot mess, but as you can see, the Serbs were stuck between a rock, a hard place and several more hard places.
@@SerbAtheist - I can agree.
My father lost an uncle and a cousin who fought for Tito. One died at Sutjeska in '43 and the other at Ilirska Bistrica on May 9th 1945. My great grandmother on my mother's side traveled from Argentina to Serbia in 1940 to sell all the property they still had. She never made it out. Being an Argentine of Serb background she spoke Spanish and understood Italian. Following the German invasion she was arrested by the Italians because they thought she was spying on them and listening in on their conversations in public places. She was sent to a camp in Croatia, where she died from a stroke. My father's mother lived in Vinkovci Croatia. She was arrested by the Croat Ustashe for attempting to give Greek Jews water at the railroad station. The only thing that saved her from being executed that day was her American citizenship. Instead of execution she was sent to prison for 6 months. Not long after that she was in her house when the USAAF bombed the rail yards nearby in August '44. Her house collapsed on top of her from a near miss. She was blue when rescuers finally pulled her out alive.
Proud Grandson of a Montenegrin Partizan soldier wounded in the Battle of Sutjeska while trying to receive the remains of a fallen soldier.
Excellent work !!
Thanks!
Thx. We need to know such details.
As a Serb, I must say you did a great job here! I believe you will cover more of this topic as time goes, but for now, the most important things are included:
1. Partisans and Chetniks fight alongside at the beginning
2. Chetniks were not centralized in terms of field organization and ideology.
3. Partisans (Tito), although liberated the country in the end, did not care for civilian victims, that brought to massive reprisals and killing of tens of thousands of Serbs, whereas Chetniks at that point stopped with further actions, since the ''100 Serbs for 1 German'' policy would eradicate the Serbs as a nation.
They already touch on the 1, 2 and 3 points though...
@@TheBorg01 Very well said.
Actually wrong is your point 3. Partisans escaped to the mountains of present Montenegro and Bosnia, they were no more active in Serbia since beginning of December 1941 until the capitulation of Italy in 1943. Collaborationists killed the rest (Chetniks, ZBOR, etc)
Also the Serbs didn't fight NDH because of 'bad living conditions' they had to fight because Ustashe where genocidal murderers that commuted such horrifying crimes Italians and Nazis though they where terrible. Some of the crimes committed are unbelievable.
Never clicked so fast when I saw that this episode is dedicated to Yugoslavia in WW2. 🟦⬜🟥
Me too. I never understood what Churchill saw in Tito. Hopefully this vid will clarify.
@@BelloBudo007Tito was a true badass and one of the best leaders in the cold war era
@@morisco56 my grandfather's friend was killed by Tito's regime because he had a different opinion. Tito was a good leader, but still a dictator.
@@stefanmandic8359 Pa pazi, biće epizoda posebna o Užičkoj republici, i verujem da će spomenuti i četničke akcije protiv Nemaca, ali je svakako nesporna činjenica da su Četnici posle napada na Užice počeli da sarađuju sa okupatorom, pre svega predavši im partizanske zarobljenike, a tokom 1942. I 1943. počinju da učestvuju i u osovinskim antipartizanskim operacijama...
@@BelloBudo007 Churchill hated monarchy because his mother Lady Jenney and her sister were lovers of Serbian King Milan Obrenović. There is even presumption that King Milan was his real father.
The Chetnik army was also multiethnic. And there were many Slovenians amongst the officers.
Yes in the beginning,- but the jews deserted after chetnik atrocities over jewish civilians
It was multhiethnic as long as they fought the Germans actively, after the fall of 1941 they resistance stopped and they waited like a crybabies for allies to land (and collaborated with Italians and Germans)
Another fantastic video. Thanks so much! Is there a place online where I can find all those pictures you showed us in the video?
Check the visual sources in the description. Most of the pictures we retrieve via Wiki Commons, but there is not one place where all the pictures are
4:02 That weapons and ammunition factory, Prvi Partizan, still exists today and is one of the more prominent ammo manufacturers in the market.
Great episode! Just one minor thing, the town is pronounced Uzhitse
Very good explained👍🏻
I don't contribute but wanted to say that "Learn from our ancestor's mistakes and build on their achievements" is a wonderful slogan. Keep up the good work.
Thank you for your kind words!
I think I'm the only Italian in the comments.
Everyone mentions only the Germans, and they forget the Italians.
Great job with this video, excellent explanation. One thing is missing, in WW1 Serbia lost between 20 and 25 % of its population, another reason why the chetniks turned on the partisans.
Still today this topic is highly debated, many families were split in these period, my grand father was conscripted in the Ustaša homeguard (domobrani) only to end later as a German soldier in the 369 devil Division (not Regiment that fought at Stalingrad!), my other grandfather was a convinced communist his whole life and joined the communist youth, his family and village were wiped out during one of the offensives against the partisans, the brother of my grandmother joined the chetniks and fought against the partisans in Montenegro. At that time every decision was bad.
My grandfather on father side was captured by Italian and send to prison mine in Albania. One his brother join Partisans, second was mobilized by Chetniks .Thay all survice the war. A grandfather on mother side was member of Nedic army and was killed by Partisans in 1943. In one word - a mess!
Jeli bio u domobranstvu ili ustasama nije mogao biti u oboje? jedino 1945 kad su se spojili.
@@NapoleonBonaparde prvo domobran, pa završio kao njemački vojnik i onda "dezertirao" i opet prešao u domobrane, pa da bi ga prijatelj koji bio u partizanima koji dan nakon kraja rata upisao u svoju jedinicu u partizanima kako bi ga sakrio od OZN-e koja je "češljala" Zagreb.
Another fantastic video as usual, but can we talk about that suit please?!
My Grandfather was a Yugoslav Partisan Platoon Commander, 8th Shock Corps, 26th Dalmatian Division, 1st Proletarian Brigade
I love how english speakers have the urge to insert ch(č) sh(š) and zh(ž) sounds in slavic words especially in places where they shouldnt but at the same time hate to pronounce it in places where they should. Užice has an obvious lack of č while simultaneously an aboundant presence of ž, but that didnt stop our host from deciding that Uziče was far catchier than Užice. Great episode by the way, its nice to see foreign historians actually care about the truth unlike balkan historians who realized that falsification is far more profitable.
I'm surprised Dimtrije Ljotic wasn't mentioned as he was the cousin of Milan Nedic and a Figure of Collaboration in German-Occupied Serbia. He founded the ZBOR party, which was the Serbian Fascist Movement and he also carried authority in the occupied zones.
Wasn't ZBOR yugoslav fascist movement?
@@potis10101 yeah
But based in Belgrade and mostly active in Serbia
@@tsar389 It was never Facist movment The Dimitrije Ljotic Him self said he is not close to Facist or Nacist he just is patriot and nacionalist.
you can call his party the tehnocratical nacionalisam bcs.He was true orthodox christian
@@kriticni1072 for a minute I thought you were Athleas Projects, the Serbian CZcamsr from Montenegro
At 09:36, the 2nd vehicle is a South African Reconnaissance Car (incorrectly known as a Marmon Herrington Armoured Car) Mk.II/III - no doubt captured in North Africa.
There is Hotel written in cyrillic on one building in the background and the arhitecture looks like yugoslavian.
I can confirm its Uzice
@@fortweek_7389 Nor disputing what you're saying - by "captured in North Africa" I meant the armoured car was physically captured and shipped to Yugoslavia for use by German Forces.
@@philipjooste9075 The Germans used all sorts of captured and obsolete equipment to maintain security behind the front lines.
@@thebog11 Indeed. My thoughts are that the Germans would, because of logistics not have gone to the trouble of shipping just one or two of a kind; they probably got hold of quite a number of these AFVs. Then again the SARC was based on a commercial chassis with a Ford V8 gasoline engine that was in use all over Europe at the time; quite reliable and easy to maintain by anyone with basic mechanical skills. As you've stated, quite useful for security purposes.
Just seen in wiki: Many of them saw action in Grece . ... etc...
4:23 I think you made a mistake in here. Draža Mihajlović enjoyed support from the Yugoslav government in London, not the Serbian one, because Serbian government (with such name in Belgrade) at the time being existed and collaborated with Germans and they've been against Chetniks as well they've been against Tito's partisans. It's true Chethinks have been fighting Croats and Moslems mostly because of Ustashi and Independent state of Croatia, but why pro-western Royalists would fight Jews for, when they had the same enemy and were killed by the same enemy? Are you sure about this? I mean if this was true, how their leader gen. Mihailović would get The Legion of Merit, awarded to him by U.S. president Harry Truman or Virtuti MIlitari awarded to him as well by Polish general
Władysław Sikorski on 14th of June 1943? Let alone movies made in USA like "Chetniks! The Fighting Guerrillas" or "Underground Guerrillas" from 1943 as a gesture of gratitude from American people to Yugoslav-Serbian fight against the nazis?
So what? That doesnt mean anything. Hitler and Stalin were both the person of the year in Time magazine
@Dragan Catic Tito was anti serb but he was also anti crost,slovene,bosniak,macedonian,montenegrean because he was pro yugoslav
@@nedimbajgoric2909 He wasn't pro anything except himself.
@Dragan Catic Completely false, he was part of 25th Croatian regiment as a sergeant, became part of it one year prior to war. During war he was arrested by Austro-Hungarians for spreading ANTI WAR propaganda on war on SERBIA. For that he was imprisoned for around a year and then sent to fight the the Russians, where he became POW in Russia by White Army. In 1917 Bolsheviks free him and take care of him for quite a while and they inspired him to become bolshevik himself.
@Dragan Catic tito was anti war and he was forced into the army.
My grandmothers serb family left yougoslavia in either the 30s or 40s, nobody really knows, but she was really young and didnt speak serb in the house in jersey city. In fact my great grandparents made it a point to only speak english unless it was something really bad happening that they didint want my grandmother and her sister to know about.
@Oblio1942 Thank you for sharing a bit of your family history. Very glad to have you with us on the channel exploring history of Serbia, and so many other people around the world. Stay tuned
Great content. Being an American, I know 1942 is going to be even more interesting. But still in awe of how amazing 1941 was. Rest assured, I'm not going to forget. I don't see how anyone could.
Thanks for watching!
8:55 On the photo is NOT gen. Milan Nedić but his brother Milutin Nedić who was also a general and in a German captivity as a POW.
Few notes about these two movements:
1. Both of these movements especially in first years were dominantly composed of Serbs, even Yugoslav Partisans (There are many reasons why, but I will stick just to one very obvious and practical). Ustaše has carried out a terrible terror in Croatia, and Serbs were just put to choice to be slaughtered or killed by Ustaše in their house, church or concentration camps or to go in woods and fight and also probably be killed. That is just one of the most obvious reasons why Serbs also were composed of an absolute majority in the Partisan movement till 1943. Until the fall of Mussolini's Italy in 43' Serbs composed about from 80% to somewhere 90% of partisans. Only after of fall of Italy significant portion of Croats joined to partisans, and still at the end of the war in 1945, Serbs were composing roughly about 59% of all fighters. If you were Croat on the other hand even if you weren't fascist you could live pretty normal if you minded your business and looked away on what Ustaše was doing in front of you. (It is not moral, but Croats were not existentially threatened than, on villages was slightly different though, because of terrible ethnic conflicts and acts of revenge of both sides).
2. During WWII parallel with the German occupation, from late 1941, we have also an outbreak of brutal civil war, very similar to one in Russia/Soviet Union in 1917 between Communist and anti-communist (simplified ofc). And Chetniks from my perspective were not nearly organized as partisans, they had bad tactics and priorities. Also, the Chetniks movement was not a monolith, and you even had fought within Cetnik movements, also many "formally Chetniks fighters, weren't respecting the chain of command and you have a bunch of local "warlords" that were committing various war crimes.
One of the examples of how Chetnicks was heterogeneous was the fight between Draza Mihajlovic and Kosta Pecanac and eventually, Draza's forces killed the Kosta Pecanac and their forces.
3. Main problem with the interpretation of these groups and events at least in my home country is that Communist won that civil war partially with occupation (they didn't fight only for liberation but they were conducting also a communist revolution). In that bloody war (now I'm talking about the war between Communist and Royalist) both of sides were committing brutal war crimes, purges and killing. But Communists won the war, and they become "good guys" and Chetniks or various rolayist groups crazy fascists. To be clear Chetniks was fighting also against different Bosniaks forces and not just Bosniaks forces BUT also against Muslim civilians to be fully correct and they were committed also many war crimes (also some of these Bosnian forces were in the 13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS "Handschar") The biggest brain fuck is that you had a civil war within the Serbs, parallel to liberation war, but we also had national conflicts between Serbs and Croats, Serbs and Muslims, some of them was fascist some of them just nationalist, just big big mess, like the civil war in Russia after the WWI where we have literally 20 sides on the field.
4. Communist ( or to say more correctly elite of Communist Party of Yugoslavia) was of Bolshevik mindset, and they didn't really care about individual lives and casualties, they "were conducting great revolution, and revolution is more valuable than any individual life, or destiny) Because of that they didn't have problems with German reprisals in Serbia because they knew that these measures will just increase the inflow of desperate people to guerilla fight). Like you said just 25.000 Serbs died in two months because of reprisals, but these are somehow also the reason for the downfall of the Chetniks movement because they were too passive and in their priorities list Communists sadly were in first position and Germans only in second.
5. I'm personally not a sympathizer of any of these movements, and it is very tricky, but Partisans were more concrete in a fight, and they did not cooperate directly or indirectly with the Germans and because of that, they gained more support from local peasants and eventually grew to the only significant force in that region. My personal opinion about Chetnciks is if the bloody civil war was inevitable than they should wait and fights more openly against the Germans (and not use Germans as a medium for the destruction of Communist) and then when Germans were expelled, they could fight if they wanted against their "brothers" communist for power. But in these times they were too reluctant and unorganized and without clear tactics and strategy in comparison to the other side.
6. Operation Halyard is just one of the examples of "passive" Chetnick resistance where they saved more than 500 US pilots behind German lines.
7. Chetniks in any case was NOT the SAME THING or even close to the Ustaše movement, the only thing that unites them is that both of these movements were enemies of Tito's Partisans (At least in Chetniks case majority of war). It is very important to people know that because Communist propaganda after the war was very strong, in equalization of the quilt. And you have tons of arguments to oppose this propaganda.
Firstly, Chetniks were a whole time in the "woods" and out of towns, and they are guerrilla force compared to the Ustase regime. They don't have state or institutions, racial laws, contraction camps, aviation, cities, full organized army, assembly, or any of these things. On the other side, the Independent State of Croatia is state in full capacity (besides foreign policy) and they literally can do whatever they want without any resistance for 4 years. Ustase also was fascist even before the war, they developed their anti-semitic and anti-Serbian ideology for a long time, and they were the first and last ally of Hitler until the last days of the war. On the other side, Chetniks were poorly assembled leftovers of the Royal army, without a clear ideology, plan, tactics, and pretty much throughout the whole war, they don't have an initiative like Communists but they react (and I would say react bad) on events on the field. They were committing war crimes like every side in civil war or any war, they were also partially collaborated with the Germans (which was a very bad idea, even though, they thought that they will take advantage of Germans and not Germans of them) but in any case, they are not even similar to Ustase movement.
Sorry for bad English xd
Dobro objasnjeno , samo ovi se uplicu u stvari koje ne razumeju i koje ne mogu da shvate
@@levijatan12 Sta ocekivati od ovih "mojih" svabova?!
Thanks for your detailed explanation. This is the first non-biased post of any length that I have seen in this discussion.
Most of the extremely vicious 'bändenbekampfung' committed was led by SS-Obergruppenführer Artur Phleps the commander of the 7th SS-Volunteer Mountain Division 'Prinz Eugen' and SS-Brigadeführer Sauberzweig, the commander of the 13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS 'Handschar' committing some of the most brutal atrocities imaginable.
Good episode, however some things are wrong and many things were done in a fast forward manner with some very important events skipped making a whole conflict more blurry which I hope you will cover in details in Užive republic special. Pećanac Chetniks in the May, June and even part of July had more troops under his command then Tito and Mihailović combined (mostly South Serbia fighting of Bulgarians and Albanians), it was only in end of July, start of August 1941 where Partisans and Mihailović Chetniks gain a huge momentum among the locals in Serbian villages and especially after Pećanac proclamation to dear people where he openly sided with the puppet government in Belgrade (someone saying by Germans forcing him to do so). Important fact is skipped that Montenegro and parts of Croatia by that time had also HUGE UPRISINGS where more then half of Montenegro was liberated from Italians, in my opinion this is mistake made in video mentioning that only later they start with more revolts while before there are some really huge ones. Mihailović declared Pećanac as a traitor later in the war which is also important to mention and they were two totally different Chetnik forces from the very start of the war. Also how Germans were "friendly" with Mihailović (who by the way tried to make non-attacking deal with Germans after kicking communists out) you can see after they were done with Tito in Užice with lunching an new "Operation Mihailović" where Mihailović almost get catch and was saved only by the Aleksandar Mišić (son of the Serbia WW1 Field Marshal) who was then captured and killed by the Germans instead of him. In 1943 Wehrmacht issue warranties for both Tito and Mihailović and gives prizes for those who catch those two dead or alive, those posters were placed everywhere in Belgrade. Thing you got correct is that Chetniks were very divided, especially in after years where in the same time you have those fighting the Germans and those who clearly collaborate with them and Italians (in some cases just by the pure interest to keep Nazis from reprisals, especially in Croatia) or those who were even "independent" and acting on their own not accepting Mihailović as their commander (or accepting but not listening his orders) but also hating the Communists and Germans even fighting among themselves. Chetniks will by the way save more them 500 allied pilots in "Operation Halyard" on 1944, which deserve special episode for itself. One is sure in that war no one has a clear hands and is one of the saddest period of Serbian history.
Finally, someone said it.
Very good comment - thank you - hopefully Spartacus will read it !
Respect for covering this topic. Proud to say my grandpa served in the 26th Dalmatian division.
Amazing Presentation...
Thanks Hojo, we're glad you enjoyed it.
Either I missed it out or you didn't mention anything about the woman with deformed face in the thumbnail of this video? Who is she, what was her role in this resistance? I'd like to definitely know more.
Albina Mali-Hocevar
@@Fred_L. Thank you!
That's a sexy scar ,like a tough Tina Fey
Albina was the nurse, but a tough one.
She was wounded 3 times during the war.
@@Grebutin took a grenade next to her head, which caused the famous scarring, but apparently she always had the right "lazy eye" it was not a result of a wound. hard to find more information on her, but she lived to be 75 and died in what is now serbia.
Some major inaccuracies re. Mihalović’s Chetnik movement: the image you post near the beginning “German POWs escorted by the partisans near Užice” is wrong, this is an image of Mihailović’s Chetniks liberating Loznica in 1941 and escorting German POWs, partisans hasn’t even began fighting yet, the headwear clearly show Royal Yugoslav insignia. There is careless association of collaboration with Italians in Dalmatia and Herzegovina vs renegade pockets of collaboration with the Germans. Collaboration with the Italians was a pragmatic response to Italian soldiers preventing Croatian massacres and even providing intelligence to Chetniks against Croatian Ustaše, in return of unified action against partisans. No German collaboration was ever sanctioned by Mihailović. To suggest Mihailović was “friendly” with the Nazis is completely false and has no historic basis other than what was written by Tito’s regime after the war. Mihailović was responsible for Operation Haylard where 512 US pilots who had been shot down were rescued, these veterans who survived have well documented this and throughout the war Mihailović had strong ties to the US OSS (pre-CIA). Whilst Mihailović‘s movement was predominantly Serbian, they also had Croatian, Muslim and Slovenian units with those nationalities in high command positions. The movement also never had animosity towards Jews and there were a small number of Jews in their ranks. These are pretty basic historical facts and it’s surprising how much of this screams of Tito’s version of what happened. No doubt I’ll get a strong reaction by some but this is all documented by those who can be bothered to look hard enough, unfortunately most of this history was written by Tito’s propagandists blatantly rewriting the facts.
Thx for clarifying this for those who dont know, misinformation is deadly.
Would you mind linking some sources? I'd like to have a read for myself
Good vid.
Fully agree with you Spartacus "to bring the past back to life so we can learn from our ancestors' mistakes and build on their achievements" at 10:28
@Micigfor Nistatos Thank you for your detailed information
Episode wasn't bad, but Spartacus pronunciation of Serbian places melted my ears.
Indy and Spartacus deal with literally hundreds of languages and dialects and they do their very best to get names correct, but it is nigh impossible to get it right very time.
Even with English names it can get tricky when they aren't in their own dialects (perhaps even more so as we are prone to think we know in our own language).
It might seem obvious to you as a commentator (because you know it) remember that none of us can know everything and think of if you know the pronunciation of every name in foreign languages and dialect for sure.
While, as we said we try our best to get it right, mistakes will be made - once again. thank you for pointing it out though.
@@WorldWarTwo love the work everyone, keep it up
U S I T Z C H E
You could also make video about Operation Halyard - the largest action of saving allied forces behind enemy lines in World War II , that was carried out in Serbia . The rescue of the allied pilots was performed by the US aviation in cooperation with the Yugoslav Army in the Homeland of General Dragoljub Mihailović . In that way, the Chetniks saved more than 500 allied pilots, who were shot down by the Germans over Yugoslavia. Most of the pilots were evacuated from the improvised airport in the village of Pranjani in Serbia.
The partisans saved more than 2000 allied pilots, I don't realise why people make such a huge deal out of Operation Halyard.
He's either paid for this double-speak, propaganda and charged title or what? I can't believe they're're this uninformed. Is this made by a Croat or what?
1)Did he name one Chetnik anti-Jew pogrom? When have Serbs ever been anti-Semitic?
2)He said that "In 1941 most resistance was from Montenegro,B&H&Serbia" which is technically true, yet deliberately failed to mention they were ethnic Serbs, since those *subsequently created republics*(in 1945) were majority-Serbian at the time.
3)Why the ideologically-charged title about "Serb collaboration"?
4)Failed to mention that first towns and villages were liberated by Chetniks&that majority of 1941 resistance success was by joint effort?
5)Failed to mention Ustasha Croat-Muslim genocidal crimes against Serbs who killed 100's of thousands of Serbs.
This channel really fell in quality.
@@Porkeater2610957
Nice copy-paste you Chetnik moron, go fuck yourself. You LOST, 80 years ago, give it a fucking rest you shameful traitors.
Tito saved 2000 allied pilots.
@Amon Ra what about the 90-s?
Well World War Two, you finally gave me a personal context to bring that war home to me. The woman in your thumb name, which Google says is Albina Mali-Hočevar looks like one of my Croatian aunts, so that's, just... wow.
Nice video! Thank you!
Small corrections:
Kraljevo (not Krajlevo)
The Kragujevac (Kraguyevac) massacre was the mass murder of between 2,778 and 2,794 men...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kragujevac_massacre
Headline is very misleading: It seems that all Serbs were collaborating, but majority of Yugoslav Partisans were Serbs, not only in Serbia but also in Croatia, at least in 1941.
Keep doing good job!
Cheers!
Well said, majority of partisans were Serbs, Croats only joined Tito's forces when the end of war was imminent and fall of Independent state of Croatia was at hand. Sad thing is that Serbs were actually fighting each other, devided in communist and royalist movements, a true tragedy which echoes till today, but that is a story for another time. Chetniks in their ranks had also chatolics and muslims from another parts of Yugoslavia, so claiming that general Dragoljub Draza Mihailovic wanted to "purge" the country and create the ethnic state of Serbia doesn't hold water.
Virign Wehrmacht vs Chad Partizans
Can you folks tell us anything about the lady in the opening image with the scar? It's a hell of a striking photograph
Her name is Albina Mali-Hočevar :)
Sorry, kind of off topic, but what kind of watch are you wearing? Love the outfit, love the content and presentation. TGA member.
Dear Bart, Spartacus is wearing a modern version of LACO Type B Beobachtungsuhr, the airman navigator watch developed and made for the Luftwaffe.
Amount of beige worn- nearly off the charts. Scholar's cradles coming in from all directions.
Lloyd: 🤩🤩
This odd feeling: when you searching for your grandfather in the photos and he's not a yugoslav...
8:22 - probably a late war photo as several have Soviet PPSh submachine-guns. For the most part the Partisans had Yugoslav Army weapons and whatever German and Italian equipment they could capture, for most of the war. They also began receiving British and American airdrops.
Actually in 42 onwards it was possible for them to capture soviet weapons from the germans too. The garrison units of the germans, italians, and others were armed incrisingly with everything that was available do to an increased lack of everything for the germans, even worse for its allies. It could very well be that they captured those weapons from 3rade german forces.
@@noobster4779 I have seen a photo of a pro-German Cossack with an SVT-40 rifle. The picture was probably taken in Yugoslavia. Another Cossack had a British Sten - probably a British airdropped canister intended for Partisans had been captured.
Respect for your video from Macedonia
Hey Spartacus, you might not see my question, but will your tie in this video be up for sale?
That remains to be seen - in other words maybe ;-)
wait wait wait wait wait wait I am a Croat and when we went through this, Ustaše (Ustaša you said) we're the men supporting the Germans, and Partizans we're the guys fighting against Germans. I am not sure if I misunderstood, but I understood what you said was that Ustaše we're the guys who also fought against Germans? And in many old black and white movies there would be Partizan's in weird and diffrent uniforms and they'd say something along the lines of: ''Ustaše are here!'' and then shoot at them.
You misunderstood Ustase worked with Nazis, partisans fought the Nazis and Ustase, Chetniks fought everyone, but then collaborated with the Nazis sometimes.
@@WorldWarTwo should get more info on this, there is a documentary called Hero and Punishment (Heroj i kazna) on youtube in channel Pogledi. Lots of info on railwork sabotages by the Gordon group of Draza Chetniks which eventually led to Romels defeat in North Africa. Other forms of fighting as well as combats againt Nazis when the time was right and saving of US pilots. But they were betrayed by the English. There were over 15 armies in Yugoslavia so some compromises had to be made, you can not engage everybody and hope to survive.
Leaving a comment is good for the channels CZcams algorithm
smash that like button
I must be one of the biggest advertisers for this channel then
ok
Chissà perché,stimavo molto la ex Jugoslavia, bravissimi specie in ambito sportivo.
Partisans were not 'multi ethnic', they consisted of 90% serbs, and chetniks were in fact Yugoslav Royal Army. Fun fact, there were croatian and slovenian chetnik brigades...