The First Liberation From Nazism - The Republic of Užice - WW2 Special
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- čas přidán 19. 10. 2020
- When the Yugoslav Partisans and Chetniks liberate a large part of modern-day Serbia, the Partisans found the Republic of Užice, complete with its own governmental structure, education and cultural policy and weapons factory.
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Between 2 Wars: • Between 2 Wars
Source list: bit.ly/WW2sources
Hosted by: Indy Neidell
Written by: Joram Appel
Director: Astrid Deinhard
Producers: Astrid Deinhard and Spartacus Olsson
Executive Producers: Astrid Deinhard, Indy Neidell, Spartacus Olsson, Bodo Rittenauer
Creative Producer: Maria Kyhle
Post-Production Director: Wieke Kapteijns
Research by: Joram Appel
Edited by: Miki Cackowski
Sound design: Marek Kamiński
Map animations: Eastory ( / eastory )
Colorizations by:
Mikolaj Uchman
Carlos Ortega Pereira, BlauColorizations, / blaucolorizations
Dememorabilia - / dememorabilia
Sources:
Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe
FOTO-FORTEPAN - MZSL-Ofner Károly
Yad Vashem 3731/1
Bundesarchiv
IWM H 11368
Museum of Yugoslavia
ETH-Bibliothek
map of Belgium, courtesy of Marcuscalabresus commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
from the Noun Project: Injury by Adriano Emerick, Dead Soldier by Gan Khoon Lay, Helmet by Daniel Turnel, person by Adrien Coquet, Skull by Muhamad Ulum
Soundtracks from the Epidemic Sound:
Johannes Bornlof - The Inspector 4
Hakan Eriksson - Epic Adventure Theme
Reynard Seidel - Deflection
Rannar Sillard - March Of The Brave 4
Philip Ayers - Trapped in a Maze
Johan Hynynen - Dark Beginning
Archive by Screenocean/Reuters www.screenocean.com.
A TimeGhost chronological documentary produced by OnLion Entertainment GmbH.
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Please do check map, next time:
Ravna Gora is north to Uzice, not south-east.
But thanks for the effort of mentioning us at all, so far!
Nice work but I have a feeling that you got a lot of data from self proclaimed new wave serbian historian ? Because I never heard and I dont have any data either that the partisans deliberately kiled Germans just to provoke them to kill inoccent mostly Serbian civilians and also Cetnics actually never really fight against the Germans because they were more or less the remnants of the king's army not to forgot Serbian (yugoslavian) king sign a pact with the Hitler before germans invade Yugoslav kingdom and cetnics should obey the serbian king will.
@@MK-bv6wn Serbo-Croatian parties pre-war government (Cvetkovic/Macek) signed the pact with the Third Reich, not the king. King Petar became the king after a military coup by Serbian generals who proclaimed him king even though he was a minor. That coup was the reason for the German attack. And again partisans and chetnicks in this episode are both Serbians. Some people may think that it's Yugoslav-Serbian conflict. This is Serbian partisans against Serbian chetnicks in Serbia.
Filip&Goran
Didn't wrote that to debate with obviously Serbian guys on the contrary I can live with your side of the story. I was just asking the author from which source he take a data because in the last 25 years we got a lot of self proclaimed historians. Not necessary bad unfortaly a vast majority of them ride on the nationality wave some on serbian others on croatian, bosnian, slovenian, etc that's why their data doesn't really match the reality. On the other hand you can find some older real historian with PhD and way more balanced view one of them is Joze Pirjevec born in Italy for example.
Tito was one clever blighter.
Famous mottos in history.
Germany: "For the Fatherland!"
Russia: "For the Motherland!"
Yugoslavia: "Its Complicated!"
Yugoslavia:For brotherhood and united
Yugoslavia: Uz Marshala Tita XD
It really isn't that complicated. Germans came and started their reign of plunder and murder. Partisans fought them. Everyone else collaborated with them. Partisans kicked the ocuppiers out and liquidated the collaborators. Quite simple, acually.
@@BabyGreen162 actually it is complicated. Partisan movement wasn't communist from the beginning. A lot of non aligned people joined out of pure hatred towards invaders. Also people who served in the royal army before it got defeated. Only after 42 or slightly later communist started taking over. This is when they got full backing of the Brits.
@@shakalpb1164 ...JUNATĆKOGA SINA....
My grandpa took a grenade shell to the chest during ww2 and survived. He was part of the partisans. Thank you for covering this.
I think you mean a fragment, not a shell. Not trying to make it seem like a small affair, this was a piece of metal that could kill if it hit the right place.
@@thebog11 yea shell, you are correct thank you. I forget military terminology sometimes. And yea, it stoped close to his heart, the doctors couldnt remove it because they feared it would kill him so he lived with it till his late 70s when he died.
@@00784865 My great uncle was a machine gunner in the US ARMY. He fought in North Africa, Sicily, and did a mission in France. He was sent home from battle, when he got injured, later on in the war. If it wasn’t for your grandpa. My great uncle and his unit would not have prevailed. 🦅🇺🇸
It's the Balkans, it's ALWAYS complicated
Nice pronunciations Indy!
In the space of one Yugoslavia at one point you will have - Italians, SS, Wehrmacht, Hungarians, Bulgarians, Ustasha, Croatian Home Guard, Yugoslav partisans, Chetniks, Ljotićevci and Nedićevci. Regardless of the location, this many factions are bound to create a mess, let alone in the Balkans
There were about 22 different units fighting in Yugoslavia. I commented about them on another channel, if I find the list, I will post it here.
Edit:
Here's the list of the units fighting in Yugoslavia I've made before, but I'm sure I missed some:
1. Wehrmacht
2. Waffen SS (including 7th SS division Prinz Eugen, 8th SS Division Florian Geyer, 13th SS division Handschar (comprised of Yugoslav muslims), 21st SS Division Skanderbeg (partly comprised of Albanians), 23rd SS Division Kama (partly comprised of Croatians)), 24th SS Division Karstjäger)
3. Italian troops
4. Hungarian troops
5. Bulgarian troops
6. Yugoslav Royal Army in Fatherland (aka General Mihailovic's Chetniks)
7. Croatian Ustashe
8. Serbian Guard of Milan Nedic
9. Chetniks of Kosta Milovanovic Pecanac
10. Tito's partisans (communists)
11. The Blue Guard Slovenian chetniks
12. Leon Rupnik's Slovenian Home Guard
13. Russian Protection Corps/White Russians
14. Various armed troops and village militias of different ethnicity
15. Dimitrije Ljotic's Serbian Voluntary Corps
16. Russian Liberation Army
17. MVAC (Italian Anti Communist Volunteers Militia comprised of local auxiliary troops)
18. Muslim Legion of Muhamed Hadziefendic
19. Albanian fascist Balli Kombëtar
20. Croatian Regular Army (Domobrans)
21. Montenegrin "Zelenasi"
22. Italian partisans
23. Military missions of USA, UK and USSR
24. Slovenian National Defense Corps
Huh, no wonder it was complicated.
Agree.
Only one thing is not correct at 9:23 the name of city Kraljevo is written wrong. And yes in the Balkans is always complicated :D .
没错!
Greetings from Užice
@Superdude70 Yes, but on other side of the town, exporting ammunition in USA and other countries.
What country did it become now? I don't have any extensive Balkan knowledge, that's why I'm asking.
@@Ultiminati Part of Serbia
The workers at PPU should be making good money working overtime. When the COVID-19 panic was atarted by the media americans emptied the grocery stores of food. After that, masses of people bought their first gun and ammo to defend their food. Really, the media presented COVID-19 as if it would be a zombie apocalypse.
After that, the BLM-Antifa-'Defund the Police' riots motivated another wave of new gun owners to buy for their self-defense.
Ammo has disappeared and become extremely expensive.
Поздрав
"war creates strange bedfellows"
Churchill nods in agreement from afar.
Partisans have already liberated an area equal to that of half of Belgium?
That... is a really good movement.
Impressive, and also helped by the inability of the occupation régimes to be strong everywhere.
Im Belgian and i only say that we are already happy we got mentioned somewhere 😋
Truth being told many royalists were by that time fighting side by side with partisans.
That's a lie, Chetniks liberated much more territory than Partisans
@@matija3500 Yeah but then they ended up being traitors and collaborating with the Germans.
I'm so happy and actually stunned that you're doing Yugoslav Partisans and Chetniks so detailed. A lot of people tend to forget about Yugoslav resistance in WW2. Thank you for mentioning them and doing a special episode about it too. Keep up the good work!
A lot of the people tend to forget about the Eastern front in general.
@@benismann Yugoslavia was not part of Eastern Front.
@@Pajdas610 ok, i should've said "Eastern Europe"
Yup this is our moment to shine boys n girls.. Our 12 minutes of fame in WW2 ! lol SUCK IT ALL IN!!!
yugoslavia is no eastren europe, it is south eastren
Finally someone speak about first free territory in Europe during WWII. Thank you for this!
One thing than needs mentioning about Partisans and their effectiveness is that they had many veterans of Spanish Civil War in their ranks which other groups in Yugoslavia lacked,not to mention the terrain
There was a lot of them, but by all accounts nowhere near enough to create entire units of them. They were rare enough that they often tended to be nicknamed Spaniards.
But if I'm going to be honest, a lot of effectiveness was down to bloodyminded stubborness of your average Yugoslav, and the fact the once they moved into Bosnia they'd fight less with the Germans and more with Croatian ustashe, Italians and other insurgent groups. Plus the terrain. PLUS the scale of atrocities of other groups that supported the occupiers being a major reason for people to join up to fight. This led them to be able to significantly bolster their ranks with volonteers, and fighting less well led forces allowed them to capture weapons.
I'm not sure we would have fared nearly as well had we had to ONLY fight the Germans.
On the other hand no way in heck were Germans going to just leave in Yugoslavia enough dividsions to completely pick up the occupation duties on their own.
@@Blazo_Djurovic Nicely said! I would just add that it was small amount of Spainards but they had a lot of experience that probably helped a lot in beginning. Also, Germans sent Cossacks to Bosnia to fight them. How crazy is that??
@@nesa1126 I wouldn't be suprised Germans were throwing whatever second line troop they had to deal with rear line issues. But were tehy really a unit formed in Russia that was sent here, or something formed from the local Russian emigrants. Because Yugoslavia had a LOT of those between wars.
@@Blazo_Djurovic It was Don Cossacks. They were afraid that Cossacks would join Russians if they fought on Eastern front so they moved them far away. First to Bosnia, then to Italy.
And also a lot of their older partisans would of possibly had experience from the Great War (K.U.K, Royal Serbian Army, Royal Montenegrin Army) so that could prove useful
On 21st October 1941 Wehrmacht commits The Kragujevac Massacre, one of the most infamous war crimes in Serbia killing around 3.000 residents of Kragujevac.
The victims were civilians, students from elementary schools and their teachers.
Few days prior to this war crime, Wehrmacht killed around 2.000 residents of Kraljevo, Serbia.
Lol what a lie
You mindwashed sheep
@@pcmasterrace2341 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljevo_massacre
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kragujevac_massacre
My great grandfather was in the partizans and fought near konjic and on the sutjeska river although he was from serbia and one of my other great grandfathers was (not volunteerly) with the chetniks and his own chetnik men killed him when he wanted to visit his son , my granddad ,and his wife at home because they thought he would flee and go to the partisans to fight there, then his mother, my great great grandma , searched him and a farmer woman told her where they killed him ,she saw it, and she got him out of the grave , transported to our hometown and buried him there, war is shit and should never happen again
Such a shame Yugoslavs would murder each other in a civil war 50 years later. Like they didnt learn.
I don't know why this comment in particular moved me so much among others, it's probably that last frank sentence summarising so bluntly the story
You learn something new every day honestly I never learned about this before so this was a great choice of a topic for a special.
@Dessy Duke Lecker More elaboration may be necessary I don't really understand what you are trying to say maybe you could expand on what you said.
@@EdinProfa Who know's honestly it could be any thing but there's a chance you're right.
Germans killed 100 Serbs for 1 German and that method was only in Serbia. 1914 Austria attacked Serbia, and after all in 1999 Nato bombed Serbia and took Kosovo from them
@@draganadrianostefanovic730 Unfortunately history is full of atrocities.
50 years later it was still "complicated" when I was there in the 1990s
Oh it got extremely complicated in the '90-s.
The Yugoslav wars during the 1990s are result of bad blood and unsettled scores from the past, mostly from Second World War.
Instead of solving the problems between Yugoslav nations, communist did nothing for almost 50 years.
The hatred grew and grew.And with it the thirst for revenge, especially among the Serbs.
@@milostomic8539 true, I think we should now, solve all problems our countries passed through history, we shall find all missing people from that stupid war and we shall give a chance that famillies of these serbian or croatian or bosnian soliders can give them a funreal, also we should not forget any of massacres that happened and lets there be no more wars and killings.
From Croatia to all former Yugolsav countries :-)
@Tomislav Vrban uhm no? We dont even think about expansion and bloodshed, wtf is wrong with you? We are now a much peaceful country. And why would Kosovo fear us when its still a part of our country lol? People from Montenegro are literaly our brothers, Bosnia and Croatia are our neighbours, we dont want to fight them anymore. No one even talks about Northern Macedonia. Do some research before shitting on my country, you are probably a Croat arent you? I guess thats the reason you are shitting on us. We forgive, but never forget what happened to us in the past, all the things the other countries did to us. We didnt forget Jasenovac and all the things Croats did to us, but we still want to forgive you and make peace
My grandfather was with Tito's Partizans, he helped liberate his home town of Tuzla.
Edit: There is a photo of my Grandfather marching with the Yugoslav Flag, floating around on the Internet. If you continue on the Balkan Conflicts during the Second World War, and you somehow find that picture, I'll point it out.
I ja sam iz Tz
My family is also from Tuzla and my grandfather’s brother was a political commissar of 4th battalion of 16th muslim brigade.
Also 5 of his other siblings participated in the war on the partisan side, 3 of whom were killed.
@@yugoslaviaist 3 members of my grandfather's were in 16th Muslim brigade too
No disrespect to your grandfather, who I’m sure was a good and brave man. But it’s hard to imagine communists “liberating” anything.
Pat Hutchison What a stupid comment,if there were no communists who would have won the war? Hahahaha
Ok, that's it. This legendary episode breaks this camel's neck.... I have just upgraded the tier on my Patreon support... You guys are worth every penny and more... Hopefully , I will be able to repay you in full for all the good time spent with your videos! Thank you Timeghost team! You are true legends!
Thank you very much!
Special thanks for covering Yugoslavia in detail ! My grandgrandfather Izidor Čebron was a memeber of partisan 2nd overseas brigade and passed away this year at 98. It is honorable to see others as well as peopel of ex-Yugoslavia to remember their sacrifice.
I hope you guys talk about Partisan activity in Belarus.
no disrespect to French, Polish and other resistance groups in WW2 but they were nothing compared to Tito's partisans.
One of my grandfathers fought on Chetnik side other on Partizan side, both joined to have vengeance on Krauts for killing their relatives....
Is it Tito time already?
Should be... I am ready!
always
Just wanted to say that your videos are fascinating, thanks for making them!
As a Serb, great job guys!
The chetnik partizan agreement was broken based on the issue with the already mentioned Uzice bank. The original draft for the agreement was that the partizans would hand over the money stored in the bank to the chetniks, but nobody was sure of the amount of money, after Tito found out the amount he was no longer willing to hand all of it over, when they started negotiations about the possibility of sharing the money, the amount was always left out of those meetings and the chetniks felt like they will be cheated out of of the most of the amount. However even if they did manage to agree and establish the "trade" agreement ideological positioning of both sides would still lead to conflict at some point.
One more note, prior to Uzice republic being formed, chetniks and partizans had in joint action liberated far larger area of Serbia than the UR was.
Thank you so much for a good, serious effort to present very complex history of WW2 on this part of Balkans . Užice was in occupied Serbia and partisans , although led by communist leader Josip Broz Tito, a Croat, were mostly Serbs. Chetniks were royalist, as you mentioned, and the king in exile was Yugoslavian king from a Serbian dynasty as there was no other in this region. It wouldn't be untrue to say that the first free "republic" in ww2 was liberated by Serbian anti-fascist. Croatia was Hitler's puppet state and Croats celebrated their first time state inedependance. Beside Serbs, the strongest anti-fascists movement on the territory of pre-war and post war Yugoslavia was on the Northwest; Slovenia was divided and annexed between 3 countries. Slovene partisans enjoyed solid support of people. Tito started his fight in Serbia and wanted to form multi-ethnic army, as you mentioned. He succeeded in it, but later only. My maternal grandfather was a farmer (a vigneron). He was killed by Ustasha, Croatian Nazis, with the rest of men in village Grgeteg, on the slopes of Fruska Gora mountain. His house and property was burnt to the ground together with the rest of the village . My grandma left my mum and uncle with cousins in the other village and run to Fruska Gora to join partisans. Thank you again for the shared knowledge and understanding of our history..
Thank you for sharing and watching us!
The first thing that comes to my mind at the mention of Užička Republika is a simple question: Is all this bread yours?
...Čiko?
My great grandfather fought for the partizans in the Treća Krajiska Proleterska brigade, and he fought at Bihać, Neretva and Sutjeska
Svaka mu čast!
@@nesa1126 Hvala
Trojica mojih pradeda su bili u JVUO.
This is probably the best CZcams channel ever
Very informative and amazing video as always
I didn't know Tito was THIS interesting.
Hi was very interesting and important figure in our country history and hole old Yugoslavia
Tito was a wonder of a man, that's for sure. Definitely does not get the attention he deserves today.
As I recall, Tito basically kicked the Nazi’s out of Yugoslavia
@@EdinProfa yeah he was pretty well respected. Hell, he even had the guts to stand up to Stalin!
Oh this is nothing. Tito gets far more interesting later.
Decent pronunciation, Indy! Well done!!
Random side note: I find it interesting that I have easy access to the "ž" character on my phone, but it's nearly impossible to access it on my laptop.
@Superdude70 If I hold my z down, it will look like this: zzzzzz. I don't have access to a caron anywhere on my keyboard, only the circonflex, "^"
@Superdude70 I've got an HP with a nordic keyboard, but it's 7 years old and not blessed with a lot of features anyway :D
žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž
Go to the Character Map program, copy and paste.
Here’s a hack just look up užice on wikipedia and copy ž, if you need a capital letter paste it in the Wikipedia search bar and a page with the uppercase version will pop up
Interesting episode..
Thanks indy and team..
To be fair: What were the people supposed to do other than to resist the occupiers? The german occupation was already much harsher than it was in western europe and anything but resistance was as good as collaboration. If anything the german occupiers were much more responsible for the "revenge"-acts than those who resisted.
If I were getting robbed, I hope that nobody would blame me for getting killed because I resisted.
Resist and implementing a communist revolution is a different thing.
There are plenty of ways to resist an occupation that don't get your citizens killed off in mass reprisals. They can hide or withhold resources when the occupying armies come looting, provide intelligence information to governments fighting the occupiers, commit acts of sabotage against their enemy's bases and transportation networks. This was the approach that countries in western Europe took precisely because they knew that they didn't have the strength to fight the Germans directly and didn't want to get a bunch of their citizens murdered.
And that's the real issue - when they put ideology in front of the well-being of their own people, to the point where they were deliberately acting in ways that will get them killed in order to benefit their political goals, they crossed the line. To use your analogy - if you're getting robbed, would you want your neighbor to attack the robber knowing that the robbers would kill you instead of just rob you?
@@pyotrbagration2438 Like winning the war and not killing all your competition like the partisans did?
Tito is right. There are no convenient truths here. Kill the intruder, let the people pay with their lives or give in to the intruder and even fight for him your own people. Partisans while are ideologists act as patriots attacking the profound enemy, while Patriots killing communists act ideologically. Believe it or not, Partisans where simple People patriots fighting for their country. the struggle and the propaganda made them if ever communists. And Tito didn't gave in to Stalin, so he must have been a patriot in his own way
@@konstantinstavrogin767 Wow really great to be patriotic and then commit mass murder on your own population mate.
Literally Pol Pot level of patriotism
Lighting on Indy's face is impeccable this episode
The only problem I have with your channel is it doesn't have a daily episode! I hate having to wait days on end for the next new episode!
Great episode!
Nice informative video. Great job.
Great lighting on this video
Nice video!
I want video games about the Balkans resistance and other eastern resistance movements
Good luck getting that too EA or Activision
@@iVETAnsolini It’s always about America, Britain or Russia fighting the Germans & Japanese. Never the resistance stuff
Funny you should say that because just today I saw an ad on steam for a game called Partisan 1941 about soviet resistance groups. So if tactics games are something you like maybe check it out.
It's... let's just say CONSIDERABLY dirtier than the conventional warfare which can be easily cleaned up.
Most of the time as a guerilla you are not running about knocking out hundreds of tanks. You are stalking one patrol and murdering them. Or silencing dissenting civilian voices. Or such considerably gray actions.
Or of course fighting your own people who are working for the occupation.
Codename Panzers: Phase 2. It has a campaign dedicated to the Yugoslav partisans.
wow one of the best documentaries ever right HERE! i laughed at this because its so darn crazy! Also your bit at the end concerning war and "bedfellows" just perfect. Goodnight Indy!🤗
My grand grandfather was in partizan movement during ww2
Same one was in the 29. Hercegovacka Divizija NOVJ while the other, he was in the 5. proleterska crnogorska udarna brigada
My friend's grandfather was a Wehrmacht soldier who infiltrated the partisans in Yugoslavia as a spy
So he was a terrorist.
Damn, I thought Yugoslavian history is complicated but i never expect it to be THIS complicated.
Indy&co just scratch the surface. Basically you would get a headache if they put everything that happened in spring, summer and fall in Yugoslavia.
Personally I can challenge them to do special episodes about Macedonia and Slovenia it is exsotic even for us. 😉
This is just a surface scratch. When we fight, we fight fucking dirty man.
that's a nice portrait of Napoleon in the background
I noticed that too. He’s got quite a glare going on, doesn’t he.
God this channel is brilliant. Never would have found out about this otherwise.
Great stuff. Love learning about 1941.
I wish we had week by week retelling of ancient and medieval wars
Great episode. You should do one about Yugoslavia joining Central powers and protests in Belgrade against it, and generally the whole thing around that event.
Hi indel. There is an historical event going on in my country right now. And it will definitely reflect in the history books in years to come. Our country needs support, every single good Nigerian citizens is looking for help wherever they can.
I have been a fan of your show and the channel for about 6 months now and I have learnt a lot from history, and I see another "Soviet Purge" about to happen in my country "Nigeria" today.
You once said it yourself that during the world war, Nigerian played a very important roll in winning the war in Ethiopia. Now my country and the voice of those who had died yesterday (about 100 young men and women) are crying for help wherever we can find.
We need help so that history doesn't repeat itself and we do not go to war again.
Any how you can support pls do. Through awareness, through telling the authorities or whatsoever, just pls show your support
*sorry I misspelled your name. Indie Niedel
Greetings from Belegrade! My grand grand parents from both sides were in the KPJ from 1936 .My grand grand granfather was in jail with Tito before WW2 later killed by ustasha. My grand grandmother was colonel in Tito s army suffered typhoid fever and survived the war. Thank you.
Right when I got done watching your "Why were British Soldiers better than Others?" Video out of the trenches. Back to back mate thanks.
This channel and Mark Felton are fad and away the best WW2 history sources on CZcams. I’d love to see you do a collaboration together.
I don’t know if this is a stupid question but why don’t the Germans take troops from Norway throughout the war? We’re they just really scared of a British attack?
Hitler was. But yes, the Germans had a ridiculous number of divisions occupying Norway considering its importance and the need for personnel elsewhere.
Probably were. Norway was key in several ways.
It's ports offered good places from which to launch subs into the Atlantic via the Northern route.
It's airfields allowed for bombers to avoid most of the British defences in the south of the country and hit the industrialized North.
And MOST IMPORTANTLY
German Industry was practically running on SWEEDISH iron ore. And MAJOR part of that ore was being exported to Germany via NORWAY, since Norvegian ports were closer to the mines than Sweedish ones and didn't ice as much as the Baltik does.
After Operation Claymore, the germans thought that Norway was a possible landing point for the Allies against them, so they stationed more troops there. Don’t forget the strategic importance of it, like more bases for the U-boats, transportation of Iron ore from Sweden and the heavy water plant.
@@Icewallowcome05 Claymore, the fish oil raid, March 1941. And by 1944 the Germans had 370,000 men, enough for about 18 divisions, in Norway. Sure there are a lot of benefits to keeping Norway, but with 18 divisions worth of men? When the force in the Soviet Union stopped out at (IIRC) about 140 divisions, so strength on the Eastern front could have been increased 10% while still having a noticable occupation force of about 4 divisions.
Control of Norway makes the use of Swedish iron mines possible as the round the year transport is possible only through the nearby and rail-connected ice-free Norwegian port of Narvik (25% of all German iron of WW2). Next, Norway is a great base for naval operations against any USSR-bound Allied convoys with war materials. Controlling it also puts pressure to Finland an Sweden to fall in line and also provides a starting point for attack into USSR towards Murmansk and Arkhangelsk - ports able to receive Lend-Lease convoys. Allied counter-invasion of Norway would mess with all that. Norway also seemed to be a tempting target due to the size of the Royal Navy and western allies' reluctance to risk high casualties - maintaining truly large forces in Norway was difficult for either sides and sea control was king. UK employed similar, peripheral strategy in WW1 with Gallipoli operation, fighting in the Middle East and support for the Salonika operation - the latter two ultimately paying major dividends, and they actually did it in WW2 too - except targets were North Africa, Italy and Greece rather than Norway.
2:54 I'm from uzice and I go to that fucking school in the background
Perfecting timing now I can learn something on the loo
A proposal for special episode: You can explore how children of Draža Mihajlović's didn't want to join Četniks but rather joined the Partisans.
Just like Hitler nephew who joined the US Navy
Draza Mihailovic son was killed on Zelena Gora during last clash against communist in 1945
Ne seri. Tu su komunisticke izmisljotine. Sama Gordana je o tome pricala 90-tih godina.
@@nikolant3767 Only if you ask Chetnik's thats the case. ;)
@@neroserafimovich Mozemo i na engleskom, ali cemu foliranje. Da si citao Gordanina svedocenja znao bi da nisu bili u partizanima a pogotou da nisu bili komunisti. To sto ti pricas to su komusniti spinovali posle rata da bude u fazonu pogledajte ni rodjena deca nisu bili uz njega, a to naravno nije tacno. Nazalost provalci se ta prica i danas i provlacice se do god su crveni na vlasti u ovoj zemlji. Pozz
I had a deja vu when I first saw this, but then Indy reminded me that Sparty's special about Yugoslavian resistance was a different video.
just some history from Užice :
Hydroelectric power plant on Đetinja or Centrala pod Stari grad in Užice is the first hydroelectric power plant of a multiphase system in Serbia. It is located on the Đetinja river in a place that the people of Užice call Stara plaža. It is the second hydroelectric power plant in the world, built according to Tesla's principles of multiphase currents, after the Niagara hydroelectric power plant.
your pronunciations are very good
Grazie 😁
Love the Napoleon picture as foreshadowing. With that look it's like he's saying "Goddamn it people, don't you read history?"
It is really funny. Napoleon has been conquered Dubrovnik republic, wich was synonymous for "Freedom" they had flag with the word Latin, "Libertas" and as one of oldest free republic woted for U. S. A. 1776yr Independents and freedom from British and French as Colonia. 2 century after USA voted for them as in Croatia independence, but in 1806 - 1812Napoleon Franch General, Monroe give order to be build military fortrres on the hill over the Dubrovnik as defens for city from barbarians from east, and fortress called "SRĐ" (Serdge) saved the city of Dubrovnik two century after in the 1991 home land war for Croatia, southern front, Amaizing battle 40 Croats soldiers against 1000 chetniks, with aviation and tanks, in one time Chetniks had came in i fortress but Croatian capitan ordered the cannon fire directly on fortress were solider was already mixed and dropping bombs on each others, but after sheling serbian and montenegro units reatret and Croatian reinforce came. Story for movie but thrue. France🇫🇷✌️thank you and your great General Monroe who had vision for saving Dubrovnik who is now IN UNESCO as cultural and historical goods.
Make a video about the fall of the Republic of Užice. The entire Workers' Battalion was killed in the battle of Kadinjača, and only two german soldiers sided. The Supreme Partisan Headquarters barely escaped from Uzice, and the Germans shot about 200 wounded partisans on the Zlatibor mountain.
No videos for battles, the fall of the Republic of Užice is covered here
Indy is great, these special episodes are amazing. The regular episodes are too much like history classes.
One of the best books I've ever read is Sir Fitzroy MacClean's "Eastern Approaches." If you like this video you'd like that book. Hint: it was Maclean, an acquaintance of Ian Fleming's, who inspired the James Bond character.
Actually Dusko Popov served as inspiration for James Bond
The picture "Croats 1936" at 5:17 was taken in Split. The street looks different today, but it immediatelly felt very familiar to me. Have a look if you want to know how it looks today maps.app.goo.gl/q7tWb75JUBcrbWoH9
the "Allies didn't get it either" part was almost adorable and endearingly funny, if it didn't have serious grave consequences, like everything in war and politics
You are using a wrong picture for Milan Nedić, that is his brother Milutin. This is happened in previous videos also.
Calling the chetniks one movement is very misleading, there were multiple chetnik groups and they didn't always co-operate.
That was explained in other episodes.
You are right!There were Chetniks like Monarchist,there were also Nedics and Ljotics who were Fascist and sometimes fighting against Partisans and Chetniks together!
@@matija3500 Nedic and Ljotic weren't Chetniks, I guess he is thinking about Mihailovic and Pecanac Chetniks Djurisic and Djuic weren't always coordinated with Mihailovic
Fun fact-Yugoslavian partisans were the only military force in Yugoslavia that fought without reciving any payment,all other factions recived some kind of material gains for fighting in the war.
I assume they were paid in food and shelter, just not with coin.
Amici Nybråten Yes,that’s what I had in mind,after all they were not robots so they had to eat and have some kind of shelter,but as for military wages,they didn’t recive a coin during the war,though after the war those who served got pensions and other benefits like free public transport etc.
Where do you expect the Allies to get sufficient valid Yugoslavian currency to drop to the partisans to provide the "coin" you speak of? The SOE (Special Operations Executive) was operating in Yugoslavia from late September in 1941, but my understanding is they were basically trying to find out what was going on. The initial British response was to support the Chetniks as they were the Royalists who were supporting King Peter II, who supported the Government in exile in London. By mid 1943 the British were switching their support to the partisans because they were the force providing effective opposition to the Nazis. Do you have sources for who was paying the other military forces please? I'd be interested to see them. Genuine question by the way.
GWTPict GWTPict Of course I do not expect a British agency to suply currency to a resistance movement on the other side of the continent,maybe in some small part for some specific actions it did happen but for fundning of an entire army,no way.
As for others germans and italians got money from their goverments ofc croatians got money from NDH and serbian chetniks got money from both italians and germans since they were openly collaborating with them on destroying the partisans (for this you have a lot of sources and also a bunch of pictures,just type in google for example chetniks and italians or chetniks and germans and you will se it all).
@@yugoslaviaist Thanks, understand your point better now.
Can you do a special episode on the type of firearms used in WWII?
11:02 As Lindybeige would claim as well
This needs to be on a loop.... .
Great episode. Indy and Spartacus, I would be delighted if you accept my gift - case of Serbian plum brandy(sliwovitza), from area of Uzicka Republika/Republic of Uzice(Ivanjica city). Keep on going, you are one of the best history teachers of 21st century.
It will be way of my support Brandytheon 😊
A complex situation indeed.. sad..
Wish there were specials about other partisan republics: Foča, Bihać, Drvar
I believe you used the portrait of Milutin Nedic instead of Milan Nedic.
Watching the Video before the the notification comes XD
Smashing the like button before watching the video 😆
@@sandybarnes887 XD
Thats for beginners.
Smashing it before its uploaded is the real thing ;)
Ok... First Ravna Gora is Northeast from Užice not Southeast. Southeast from Užice roughly 40 kilometres is town of Požega where Mihajlović had his HQ on free territory.
Again episode could be better done from fact point of view.
Also, there were Četnik forces who did not recognize Mihajlović as commander... But as you said it is complicated.
Also very important. Majority of Partisan forces throughout of war were Serbs. During Užice republic almost all of them were local Serbs.
CPY organised Partisan uprisings in all territories. During SFRY every republic had their holiday marking day of uprising. In 1941 it was extremely hard to have Partisans from Croatia fighting in Serbia, because they fought on their own territory.
Pretty impressive that the partisans managed to resist and fight well
History: So, yeah, something huge is about to happen
Yugoslavia: Is it complicated?
History: No, not really
Yugoslavia: Not interested
Yougoslavia: Am I joke to you?
Nice Napoleon picture. "And this week. This week, French Army leaves Moscow" (with Indy voice).
11:02 that's an explanations of entire Balkan
Indy did great with pronouncing south slav words... Well done
Time spent in Prague pays now.
Interesting.
Indy and crew - great episode! This is an area of ww2 history that I am not very well educated on. Side note - what's up with the steampunk-terminator-skull in the bookshelves near the painted portrait on the wall (Napoleon?) ? Anyhow - I love the aesthetic - all of your filming locations/sets look great! H/T to the prop/stage/set design folks.
Ah just in time to enjoy with dinner
Breakfast for me
Ah just in time to enjoy with lunch
Today you invade the Balkans!
A little about geography of the region:
It's like Afghanistan, but with forests where one can hide.
Good luck!
and people who are fighting each-other for hunders of years, that will stop and turn their focus on you the second you invade.
How long has the picture of Napoleon been there?
Bravo Indy.Big respect to you and all your crew.
I can definitely listen to Indy's impeccable pronunciation of German words all day.
Never heard of that... very interesting!
The practice of partisans was common:no other rebel groups of different political views. Either by become partisans or eradication
Is it the same as Uzhitz from Kingdom Come Deliverance?
A rather unique-looking tie with some interesting colours in the detailing. Won't be to everyone's taste, however. 3/5
Looks like a boa snake.
I went to primary school that is named in homage to local hostages killed by the germans. Certain complications have quite the shelf life.
1:50 the guy with the hat with 3 points is a slovenian as that hat is called a triglavka the slovenians in the partisans liked to use these
I from serbia and l living in užice
Three grand uncles died in second world war. One started resistance in our town. They were partisans but not communists. KPJ didn't force people to become communists.
Peter Thank you for sharing about your grand uncles
By the way, Borba doesnt mean struggle it means battle/fight. "Biti u borbi" - To be in a fight/battle.
It means "struggle" in Russian, although in Serbo-Croat it might have a different significance.
"Borba" means both struggle and fight, "bitka" or "boj" means battle (compare to Russian "bitva" and "boevoi"). "Mein Kampf" ("My Struggle"), for example, is translated in Serbian and Croatian as "Moja Borba".
So how would you translate "struggle"? It's all Borba dude, there really isn't any difference between the two...
Great Video! Tiny little baby correction: Nazism is spelled with one "I" in English
Actually both are correct, but Wieke corrected it thinking you were right 😄
@@WorldWarTwo it's a very logical thing to do since it probably has the two "I"s in every other language except english lol, it just looked "weird" since I'm pretty sure i've probably seen the single "I" my whole life. Keep up the good work, and thanks👍🏻!
@@Yordleton More accepted term is with one I because the pejorative term for one is a Nazi (eg. "He is a Nazi"), so by adding -ism to the ideology of a Nazi, you get Naziism. Now, it is hard to pronounce it, it does not flow, and in every day talk you simply say Nazism as one word instead of two mashed together. And the language always adapts to how the people actually speak so it is Nazism and not Naziism. It is a bit of a semantic, nothing really important. It is like a discussion whether it is color or colour.
It's complicated!! 😬