Neil deGrasse Tyson Explains the REAL Length of Day
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- čas přidán 18. 05. 2024
- A day is 24 hours, right? Right?!?! On this StarTalk explainer, Neil deGrasse Tyson and comic co-host Chuck Nice investigate the length of a day.
To start, Neil explains why a “sidereal day” is 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds and a “solar day” is, on average, 24 hours. You’ll learn why Earth’s orbit around the sun impacts how we measure the length of the day. Should we re-define the length of a second? Discover more about leap seconds and how we decide when to add them to the calendar.
Find out more about atomic clocks and sun dials. Neil explains why the Earth is slowing down and why the Moon is spiraling away from us. We also discuss how tides serve as a counter-balance to the Earth’s rotation. All that, plus, we explore the many things that can impact Earth’s rotation including seasonal animal migrations, earthquakes, melting land glaciers, and more!
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Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up!
#StarTalk #NeildeGrasseTyson
0:00 - Introduction
0:54 - How Long Earth Takes To Rotate
3:33 - Earth’s Orbit Around The Sun
5:25 - The Most Accurate Timekeepers
7:33 - Earth Is Slowing Down
11:45 - What Increases The Speed Of Earth’s Rotation?
13:45 - Neil’s Diabolical Idea
14:44 - The REAL Length Of A Day
15:54 - Closing Notes - Věda a technologie
I don’t know. The real length of day depends on who you spend it with.
Vsauce made a video on it. It is about how when you do interesting stuff the day seems shorter and when you have a boring day it seems long
Relativity 🙌🏻
When you are enjoying life a day can fly by in what seems like a few hours, when you are feeling down, a day drags on for what feels like eternity.
What is time anyways? How are you even understanding what I’m saying other than a program in your head? Time we do not know, and will never know.
Mate right
Such poetry
Just knowing there are experts who devote their lives to observing this information. Absolutely mind blowing, tremendous respect for scientists.
We're lucky to have Chuck. He adds the whole premise to the show. Science plus comedy. Plus he knows his stuff too.
Comedians in general are very smart people……. well, atleast good ones are.
2:50: "I've only just begun" sums up Neil perfectly 🤣
Chuck is so lucky. He basically got paid to get an education from Dr. Tyson. Love the show!
haha yeah right
As we all!😉💜
Chuck pulls his weight. No one wants to give him credit.
Not only that, he’s paid to be the class clown too🤣
@@paytonpryor Chuck is nobody's fool. Just listen to him, he gets it quite quickly...
I'm trying to get my 15-year-old niece in Nepal to watch these explainer videos. And despite having a beginner English vocabulary, she's extremely talented and now continues to be fascinated with what Tyson's scientific mind has to say since being introduced to A Space Time Odyssey. Let me tell you, not many are aware of his brilliant mind here in my country, and I'm glad I was able to inspire a young talent to learn from such a brilliant person. I hope even these explainer videos will be more simpler to understand for someone with a limited capabilities in the English language so that she can continue to be inspired. Thank you Neil.
Tyson is not always right
@@pheleekseh1391 generally more "correct" than you in videos. Just saying. Lmk when you have above a BSD
You're a cool uncle 😎 I was introduced to StarTalk by my uncle and I'm so grateful to him because now I'm totally addicted.
@@pheleekseh1391 No one I know is always right and I’m sure Tyson is no exception.
However … there seems to be a faction of people in comment sections who dislike Tyson and try to take him down. I often hear comments such as “he’s not a good scientist.“ I have *never* seen support for their claims; examples are never given.
To simply say, “Tyson is not always right,“ without an example given is utterly useless (especially since - unlike “he’s not a good scientist.“-there are probably many examples easily found (if you know what you’re talking about) where Tyson is incorrect (again, who is *always* right - everybody gets things wrong sometimes). Not providing support for your negative comment says more about you than Tyson and is a waste of everyone’s time.
@@sbmcgonagle9671 how is it a negative comment, when u yourself just admitted no one you know is always right....??
Tyson said the universe is expanding....
That it's wrong....
Wrong because the universe has no boundaries, no shape, form or size
Otherwise,. What is the universe expanding into??
I’m old enough to remember when there was a phone number to call to get the time. “At the sound of the tone the time will be 6:30 and 24 seconds...beeep”
TI6-1212.
We got internet time for that now.
Moaning Mona was better
I remember the number and actually called it the other day. It still works 9833211
@@kenglover8443 * we got cars , and cell phones and shiiiiiiiiiii now.
One thing I love about Dr.Tyson is that he is true to self. The friendly and warm person he is on video is the same he is in person. I had the privilege of meeting him a few years back in Austin at the Long Center.
Lucky guy! 👍🏻
This is the real way everyone should be educated!😌
I love these two... Chuck looks buzzing when he realises what Neil is saying ahaha.
@@jrey2347 its like watching a child and parent. I know hes acting most of the time, because Ive heard Neil explain all these things to him before, many years ago on the original startalk. So either Chuck really is that dumb (you cant be that funny and be dumb) or hes playing the fool for the entertainment factor. He does it wonderfully, though.
That is why this channel, and one's like this are so important. But you're right, the school systems need to learn from this model. When you engage minds, you can teach them.
@@tysondog843 I personally don’t like the idea of public schooling simply because you don’t learn important skills and plus it’s like every public school is like a prison. On the other hand, homeschooling is much better not only you can learn whatever you want but also you have more freedom. And this video is probably a fair example.
@@LaibaStarXX Well, not all home schooling. That depends on the home. That's an issue on it's own. But, I get your point, this type of engagement while educating is seriously lacking in 99% of schools. And the freedom to question is definitely lacking in the majority of school systems, and more so today than ever. Universities are becoming the worst for this, questioning is somehow a crime now days sadly.
Chuck is the very best natural comic relief, kind-hearted, open-minded, genuine student to Neil's lessons.
Keep it up, Chuck. :)
The combination of Neil and Chuck is magic.
It is not. Don't ever mix wonderful informative science with silly talking. My point of view
@@Freefire-ee4cb And i don't like it.
He's the comic foil to NDT's straight guy. Been a working formula for ages
They're so funny together. I feel like I could smoke a joint with these guys and just talk about space
I'm from Kenya and l like Neil degrease passion for science .I'm on my information technology degree and l want to devote my life to what I do just like Neil.
Be like you
I just saw chuck on a laundry detergent commercial! I was like “THATS CHUCK NICE!”
Same
Yep, i heard it just today on soundcloud. His daughter confronts him and tells Chuck about how she went under the house and described it as magical, whereas Chuck tells her that she looks like she went into a swamp.
Me TOO! I was so pumped for Chuck! Get that cheddar Chuck!
I said thats nice, Chuck
Fav tide commercial.
"You don't tell time, time tells you" George Carlin.
George was the best.
Ole Georgie. He was here only a moment ago.
Neil, , I could have a never ending conversation with you. Thank you for everything you do.
I can't imagine how hard it is to find a guy that understands these very unorthodox topics and explain then very simply and a guy who isn't trying to steal the show or act smart. But is genuinely interested and ads character to the show. Absolutely brilliant but I have never expected less from dr.Tyson
I don't think Chuck gets enough credit. He is the perfect foil for Neil.
Exactly 👏🏻
100%
Agreed
Yea I remember they briefly tried Godfrey and it didn't work as well.
Chuck got a fine purpose in this.
This actually makes sense. I always wandered why we needed to reset analog clocks in the past. I always thought it was a problem with the batteries
Chuck made a classic move at 02:16. Yawned with a closed mouth so that the teacher won't be able to catch you 😏.
I come here to see if someone caught that🤣
Hahahahahahhahaahha
Neil: “I’m gonna talk about Earth”
Chuck: “I like that place.”
Me: “Me too.”
(Love me some StarTalk!)
Neil: "The Earth is slowing down."
Chuck: "Well... u know... it's kinda old."
XD
She still looks great to me. 🤪
@@BobJP77 4 billion: lookin' youthful and fine!
5 billion: complete hag
lol !
That took me out. 🤣
🤣 underrated comment
After watching your channel for an extended period of time, I find myself saying to others "but actually....". I'm now a blast at parties, thanks for that.
No need to fabricate events you don't attend.
Perhaps. But actually, projection can be a horrible thing.
@@shaytepes7351 🤦
@@shaytepes7351 lol nice
what's a "party" is that from the before times
lol
The "Hold me back!" thing is so true.
So glad I found this channel and subscribed. I miss science class 5th grade. Was a blast.
Here it's 1:47 AM in India, listening to startalk as usual.. You guys are awesome..
I really love it when Chuck learns something you. He's like the representation of us watching so NDT can see our reactions through Chuck
I love how Chuck always has his hairstyle on point💎
I WISH I'D HAD A SCIENCE TEACHER LIKE DR NEIL!
If it hadn't been for your video today ....I just want to let U two gentlemen know how important and vital your insights have been for myself....🤗🕉🤓
Dr. Tyson's videos taught me more about science in an hour than an entire year in school..
Great video as usual. Please make a video describing all earth’s movements and their cycles (incl. rotation, revolution, precession, Nutation, around barycenter sun/moon etc). Thanks.
I just Enjoy the banter between Neil & Chuck so much in these videos!
I love how at 4:30 Chuck is feeling a yawn come on, but tries his best to hide it.
Does it look more awkward to watch someone yawn or to watch someone fight to hold it back? Haha
Same at 2:15 lol!
Seeing it made me yawn.
Absolutely love this show. Huge fan. Chuck is so cute. You too Neil, and so enthused about explaining all this stuff! So entertaining, funny, and oh, educational...
This is the greatest science show out there right now. What I would give for an afternoon with Dr. Tyson!!!! My hero!!!
The difference between solar noon and clock noon (standard time) is a function of longitude to the tune of four minutes per degree. I live at 83 degrees west and Eastern time is based on 75 west, so the average solar noon for me is 12:32 standard time
Chuck: "You brought an atomic clock to a dinner party?"
Nah Chuck, there's an app for that.
Atomic clocks can be very very small these day... Like I bet you aren't typing this comment note from a large UNIVAC computer, Right? :)
@@chrishazelwood9548 - but there are other factors such as the speed of transmission of the internet signal or other medium. So you need an actual atomic clock right where you are.
Knowing that the leap second would happen that evening, I'm sure Neil (or if you prefer 'Dr. Tyson'), was prepared in advance, maybe even setting up this dinner to take place when the leap second was to pass. As you know, Neil is no bodies fool!
I love every time that Chuck gets Neil and makes him drop an incontrolable laugh. "You know.. it's kinda old" xDD
Thank you so much for answering my questions!!!
Mr.Chuck , Dr.Tyson.I love you guys! Swear you two are making my day's easier ,keep it up!
I'm gonna blame the tides on why I'm slowing down as I age. It's not my fault. Thanks, Chuck!!!
Brings new meaning to the phase "The tides are changing"...
Love these videos!
Great channel...never reget watching....never expect to watch for long...always watch to end
Best interview of all time. I’ve learned so much and My mind is blown away.
Hearing Chuck and Neil talk about stuff makes my day.
"Lets ignite some jet engines...... I did some calculations...... no !!!! " lol lol lol
i woudlve been surprised if he said he didnt did some calculation
Futurama did this in an episode to try and cool the earth and stop the icecaps melting. Neil must have seen or heard of this!
Jet engines would not work at all. Considering ONLY current technologies (at least as of July 11, 2019) and ONLY considering the engines themselves (not the infrastructure to support them), we would have to completely abandon a full hemisphere and blanket it wall-to-wall with SpaceX Raptor engines and fire them all non-stop for an entire 15 years to move Earth out of the Sun's grasp. Fuel will be a major concern, compounding the already unprecedented natural disaster that would result from negating Earth's rotation.
If we delved into science-fiction concepts, the Chinese put out a show called The Wandering Earth wherein engineers created nuclear-fusion engines that were larger than Mt. Everest. At similar outputs with our "real" scifi fusion engines, we would have to use up 99.98% of the Earth's mass, so after escaping the fiery death of red-giant expansion we'd be living on a large planet-killing asteroid.
Credit: Kyle Hill in a July 11, 2019 episode of Because Science (Kyle has since moved to his own Kyle Hill youtube channel)
I like ur talkative explanations about everything.
Love your talks!
Get sooo tired of the things it seems most people want to talk about these days and Here you 2 are!!
So refreshing.
Mr. Tyson brought up skaters rotation: likening to earth's rotation .. once viewed a skating competition on the spring equinox and Everyone was doing Poorly. It had me wondering if that time of the year was the reason?
An Asian tradition of balancing an egg for luck on this day brought the question to mind (which I have done every year since learning this) yet I have got one to balance on other days also, so now I think if it as more a ol wives tale... just wondering... throwing that question out there.
Have a great day all!
4:27 me when listening to Neil just before going to sleep
its so hard to sleep after star talk, my mind races lol
So much Knowledge in just 17 minutes! Thank you Neil...
Neil blows my mind everyday.. im not a patron member, but id love to know what blows Neils' mind as well
What a delightful and educational show! Keep it up.
Great video! Will the earth eventually stop? Or become tidally locked with the Sun? Will the Moon eventually be so far away that it messes up our eco system? When will these things happen and what will be the consequences? Would love to see a follow up on this!
NDT said the Moon moves away from Earth about 2 inches a year. That's a foot in 6 years, a mile in 31,680 years, double its current distance in about 7.5 billion years. Receding distance will gradually diminish tidal effects, slowing the Moon's movement, so doubling its current distance should take quite a bit longer - maybe 10-12 billion years.
Geology tells us the Earth has slowed its rotation by about an hour a day over the past 3.5 billion years, but the rate of slowing will also slow down. So say we'd have something like days of 26 to 27 hours in 10-12 billion years. Still far from tidally locked. And Earth would need to lock on the sun anyway, not on the moon, which wouldn't happen as long as the Moon was close enough to Earth to tweak the Sun's influences sufficiently.
Long before then, the sun should have expanded into its next phase, incinerating both Moon and Earth, so that will mess up our ecosystem before the tidal forces will.
If allowed to continue to this point, the ultimate fate would be for the Earth and Moon to become tidally locked to each other, with a day being about as long as two of our current months. This will never happen in the entire future of the solar system, because it will take longer than the sun is predicted to last, for it to happen. The sun will expand and engulf the Earth and Moon before this can happen, and it will make Mars the "new Mercury".
"I like that place"
Nice lol
Best quote ever.
If i would off had a science teacher with the enthusiasm and knowledge Neil puts into an episode of Star Talk, i would've paid a lot more attention in school
This is a welcome video (and interesting) about a day on Earth. I watch your Tik Tok short videos every day and saw you just did one on this. I was hoping you would go into more detail on You tube. Thanks. I am one of your fans and frequent commenters on Tik Tok (Under a different name.) I help to answer a lot of the follow up science questions you get. Keep up the great informative videos. How can anyone not love science?
Informative video? FAILS to mention one extra day every 4 years. IERS, how far out are we from 'true' time? What happens when 2 atomic clocks are set and one flies around the world? Why if earth is slowing down - did 2020 have 28 of the shortest days since records began (1960's), and why does the sun affect our length of day (as known about by US navy since 1957, and hence why monitoring began)
Chuck's eyes make him look like he's blazed out of his head lol
Just chuck? Lol - my eyes look like that rn too lol 😎💨
Time stands still when I watch these 'splainers!! How do I factor that into my watch?!?
Is it just me but half of the videos Chuck seems blazed. And I know when you are blazed talking science is great. That's what makes the show even better. Gives it that extra touch. Love the show yall keep up #blazed
Make one for how GPS works
Neil: there aren’t twenty four hours in a day.
Math problem writers : *intense sweating *
😁😁😁😁
Nice that science can do this. Y'know what makes my day, earth rotating.
4:36 'it is changing continually'
Neil - I would say continuously :)
I love the way you debunk my understandings of universe. I appreciate it 👍🏻. Then I more feel that I do know nothing and I am thankful of that
Is it true that the Japanese 2011 Tohuko earthquake caused a change in the tilt of the Earth's rotational axis? If so did it alter things time-wise?
yes
but not so much to make much difference
Yes but it was something like a few thousandths of a second.
was it the earthquake that caused the change? or the cause of the earthquake that caused the earthquake AND the change?
I love all this stuff but when I try to explain it to other people they look at me strange and roll their eyes 🤪
I love the way you explain this stuff!
Turns out time, or more accurately the keeping of time, is hard if you are going for accuracy. Very fascinating stuff.
The chemistry between the two of you is freaking amazing! If I had to dwindle down my subscriptions to one channel oh, this one will be my choice by far
Thank you so much for this video. I was talking about the phases of the moon with my kids today, and I realized that 360 degree rotation could NOT be exactly 24 hours every day. Thank you for explaining it in detail.
I am only just begun!
Epic!
The movement of that mass from the poles to the equator could also change the way the crust moves in relation to the core like moving a wheel weight around on your tire.
7:22 "when you do this"
Ad pops up: get a 50% offer and buy a pizza
10:22 So if they add a leap second on Dec 31st, do they account for it when they're counting down for the New Year?
No, but it changes the Speed of light in a Lightyear...
3...2...1... uhh 1 again.... Happy new year🥳
didn't he say it gets added at the last minute of the day in england somewhere, so his time its like 7pm. So the only new years that gets the extra second is that place, 3,2,1,1 Happy New Year, lols. I'd like to be there for that party!
@@NJovceski It's the GMT time zone where it happens at midnight, and in that time zone, it is assigned to the original year, where the time is 11:59:60 pm on Dec 31, just after 11:59:59 pm, and just before 12:00:00 am on the following New Years Day. It isn't just England. It also happens in the entire British Isles, Portugal and a lot of West Africa. In GMT+ time zones, it happens in the next year, and in GMT- time zones, it happens in the original year.
Most of the time i dont undersand what he says but i like to hear him talk
This combo of funny and smart is excellent. I'm coming away with so much knowledge. Thank you ❤ i think it works as well as it does because you two come across as genuine friends. Thanks for all your hard work.
I’m picturing Neil with a pulp fiction briefcase, containing The atomic clock.
What the briefcase really contained: two batteries and a lightbulb.
Put him the mayo conversation.
Niel: the earth is slowing down
Me: o_o
I love this. Great conversation guys!
6:18 What I found is that they could be more accurate than that. In the late 1970s, my mother bought me a Seiko. I found it consistently gained about a second a day. I figured that could be adjusted. Turns out I was right: there is a trim capacitor that makes tiny adjustments to the frequency of the quartz crystal, and this can have its setting changed. I found a watch repairer who was able to recalibrate it. From that point on, it never drifted by more than about a second a month. Until it stopped working about a quarter-century later.
My mother bought me another watch, a Casio. Similar error of about a second a day. I go to the watch repairers, and they have no idea what I’m talking about. Finally I am sent to a retired guy, still working out of his garage. Unfortunately his calibration unit doesn’t work, so he has to adjust the trim capacitor by guesswork--a quarter turn this way, I come back a few days later and say it’s now gaining/losing this, then he does another tweak and I check it for a few days again. He was able to get the error down to about a second a week before I gave up.
Now my phone stays locked to network time (as do my office PCs), and I can always consult GPS time if I want. And they all adjust automatically for daylight saving as well. So no more messing around with watches.
From the time I wake up until the next time I wake up. That's a day in my book. 😆
One day in my life I want to meet you guys 🤝
Just pay them money. This is how the things are
*Girl* _Same_
I would love the subtitles!
this teaching technique should be incorporated in our educational system
Fun Fact: Earth's 28 fastest days on record since 1960 all occurred in 2020
Yup but still felt the longest!! 🤭
@@Damendraify It's the other way round (shortest), but I get your feeling😂
Why?
I heard that this past year it was speeding up so they might need to take away a second. He got his ice skater analogy wrong: melting ice on the poles becoming equatorial water is like bringing in the arms to speed up.
@@sandal_thong8631 your arms out which slows you down. And that's what he said, no?
Doesn’t the mass of earth changing as it collects “space stuff” like tons of tiny meteors cause it to slow down as well?
Not enough and not big enough is my guess.
Technically that is correct but it's like shooting a spitwad on to a moving semi truck every few miles, the effect is negligible.
Neil, I love all your videos!
The way you can explain a complex subject in an understandable way is remarkable.
There's a video I'd like, I don't even know if you'll get this message, but here goes.
When you have a gap between two wires and increase voltage you get a spark. Because the voltage eventually jumps the gap of air between.
Water has a lower resistance than air, therefore less voltage to jump the gap.
But what happens in space?
There is no medium to conduct the electricity, therefore with infinite voltage would there never be a spark?
Does space have a "resistance"? If there a value like (for every inch of gap there is a 1000 ohm resistance)
If there is.... What is the medium the electricity is traveling through?
OMG, these two guys are amazing. Every episode is so thought-provoking. It makes learning science and astronomy fun ♥.
7 min in: What if the frequency of the Cs electron transitions was actually speeding up?
🤦♂
All I'm saying is that frequency itself is inversely proportional to time, which is measured in seconds.
@@mayanksharma8518 You're putting cart before horse. The transition of the Cs is what defines the second. And being an atomic based event, it's time is fixed. Which is why they use it as the standard to define the time period.
What if the simulation, that is this universe, is now being run on a faster processor with higher clock speed?
@@Chris-hx3om What if the electrons are also actually speeding up? I would assume that would mean that their radius from the nucleus is also decreasing. Has anyone even bothered to check that!?
*"The Earth is old. I'm just sayin"*
-Chuck Nice, 2021
Yay! For the leap Sec! Let's make A Wish!
Thank You Stars 🌟
I learned this back in JROTC and was blown away tbh. I befuddled teachers with that piece of knowledge.
Is that where the saying came from? 'Not on my watch'??!!??
Earth's spin has been accelerating lately, making for unusually short days. ...
i agree. this is just another video putting blame on others (hey migrating large animals) instead of the truth, the bloke is a bullshitter in my eyes
you know what is funny, he say the artic and antartica melting is slowing down earth, while the reason they say why it is speeding up is because the glacier in the artic and antartica are melting, something to think about, who is right and who is wrong now, who to trust now
I love how the title is on something that you will think it's very boring than Neil starts to talk about it and 5 minutes later I'm mindblowned.
13:17 This was something i was curious about for a long time: How much affect has happened to the Earth just from all the material we used in space flight (from the consumption of propellants to everything we made and have launched into space (with little or no chance of return, like our probes)?
This whole video I was waiting for him to explain the leap day every 4 years and he never did...
Me too, though he doesn't really need to since it's obvious to most people, I suppose. Still, would have been fun.
He explained it a year ago or so, he repeated it to Joe Rogan when he said why he called the calendar After Christ or AC.
13:58 whenever I manage the group budget
Neil makes these things so easy to understand.
Thanks for teaching us such interesting things