How the Krebs cycle powers life and death - with Nick Lane
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- čas přidán 3. 08. 2022
- What process animates cells and gives life to lifeless matter? What brings our own lives to an end? The Krebs cycle is the answer - and it could turn our picture of life on Earth upside down. Watch the Q&A here: • Q&A: How the Krebs cyc...
Nick's book 'Transformer: The Deep Chemistry of Life and Death' is out now: geni.us/X1cOOL8
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For decades, biology has been dominated by information - the power of genes. Yet there is no difference in the information content between a living cell and one that died a moment ago.
Nick Lane takes us on a journey which turns the standard view upside down, capturing an extraordinary scientific renaissance that is hiding in plain sight.
At its core is an amazing cycle of reactions that uses energy to transform inorganic molecules into the building blocks of life - and the reverse.
To understand this cycle is to fathom the deep coherence of the living world. It connects the origin of life with the devastation of cancer, the first photosynthetic bacteria with our own mitochondria, sulfurous sludges with the emergence of consciousness, and the trivial differences between ourselves with the large-scale history of our planet.
This talk was recorded at the Royal Institution on 20 May 2022.
0:25 Metabolic pathways of life
5:48 The Krebs cycle - simplified
9:37 How cells respire
14:29 What cancer taught us about the Krebs cycle
17:11 How is the Krebs cycle efficient?
19:41 The reverse Krebs cycle
22:42 Margaret Dayhoff - the founder of bioinformatics
26:31 Discovering alkaline hydrothermal vents
32:38 The need for genes
36:10 Supercharging the earth's battery through photosynthesis
41:03 Rise of the predators
45:32 The Krebs cycle in disease
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I studied the Krebs cycle at Brown Univ. in 1960 in the Unicelluar Biology course, which in retrospect was largely devoted to memorizing complex chemical reactions, with very little real understanding of their purpose. Of course, a lifetime of science since then has improved upon our earlier understanding of the cycle. Prof. Lane in this short video not only explains the Krebs cycle with beautiful clarity, but then relates it to my later interest, evolutionary biology, and the anaerobic processes that pioneered the cyclical chemical reactions that made oxygen-based life possible. This video ought to be a mandatory introduction to biochemical processes for biology students to aid in the integration of organic chemistry with life processes and to illustrate the necessity of integrating multi-disciplinary research. Many thanks, Prof. Lane, in simplifying the highly complex workings of the Krebs cycle and its extensive applications.
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I studied the Krebs cycle way back in 1970, and it was mainly memorizing the steps involved. Then in 1975 I took an Advanced Microbiology course and learned about the Embden-Myerhoff Cycle which looked to me to be essentially a slightly modified Krebs Cycle in certain bacteria, and the most interesting fact of all to me is that animal mitochondria were originally bacterial cells which somehow set up residence inside animal cells, a sort of symbiotic arrangement which enabled the evolution of more complex form of animal life. This idea simply amazes me, and I now have to learn as much as I possibly can about how this occurred. Fascinating lecture!
Thank you for your insightful comment, Linda. The more we learn about evolution at the cellular level, the more we realize how frequently symbiotic relationships of the kind your described have facilitated the development of more complex forms of animal life. Our current fascination with genetic evolution has tended to overshadow recognition and study of the effects different life forms have had on each other, perhaps because it is less obvious and more difficult to study and measure empirically.
@@lindadee2053 such "high complex symbiotic relationships" could never happen by chance.
Even Darwin knew this impossibility.
How do you get "animal cells to be invaded by mitochondria bacteria "??
Mitochondria is provided by the female gender.
Evolutionists never have proven the origin of life, much less the origin of the female gender=(mitochondria).
As a sense of how I feel about him and his articulation of microbiology, read his past books but also got audible and book Transformer. I have gone through that material twice, amazed how much new thoughts in rereading, third time will likely be the same. Yet I also found this lecture to be incredible, he takes science to the realm of philosophy of life, but in context of science. His reference to past scientists is appreciated, and he does so in a humble way, never bragging about himself. Bill Gates endorsement of Nick Lane being one of his favorite authors is deserved. I try to read technical journals to the extent I am able to get past the enormous complexity and vocabulary, but Lane gives me a shot of understanding them. Great video, great man.
I couldn’t have said it better!
How come there is no mentioning who started all of this and why is it so… who is behind all of these elegant symphony and harmony of complicated set of systems in such coherence and beauty
i’m 46 an engineer and physicist, this all finally brought everything together.
We are biochemical circuitry.
Nick Lane’s such a wonderful thinker and communicator. Really recommend his books. Had the pleasure of meeting him a couple of times, and he’s just the loveliest person.
As an interested layman who has always read text books in biology, geology and their subfields for the last 50 years, this was effing exciting! So many concepts nudged closer together. Wow. Simply wow.
I studied the Krebs cycle almost 50 years ago under James Alan Bassham, and I still remember all the basics and can even still recite all the tricarboxylic acids in their proper order. I've never used it on the job, but it always fascinated me. Thank you for an up to date re-introduction. You re-introduced me to an old friend!
Did you learn that ATP is a door stop inside a cell if it does not have an Mg attached? Mg-ATP is the true energy currency ofnthe cell. Off that Mg is actively processed out of food and left off of "nutrition labels," isn't it? Did you learn that cytochrone c oxidase's ability to split oxygen to produce ADP and water is copper dependent? Where you taught that the ceruloplasmin (blue blood) enzyme was required to deliver said copper atoms to the cell and mitochondria?
Or that it acts as ferroxidase to oxidize reactive ferrous iron into ferric iron so that ferritin can recycle it out of of the macrophages and cells?
Or was this key 8nformation omitted like magnesium and copper were omitted from nutrition labels?
It is almost like the Blue Bloods want to deplete everyone else's blue blood.
Perhaps it is exactly like that!
@@wellnesspathforme6236 look man, the ultimate goal of the nutrition game is to sell you a cheap picture of expensive food on a box of 💩
Thrilling: my hair actually stood on end at times (What made it do that?) Nick Lane is a master of the art of making science both intriguing and relevant to the likes of me, a person of great age and little education. I haven’t so enjoyed the feeling of having my eyes opened since I first felt a draw toward science inspired by Lewis Thomas’s Lives Of A Cell back in the ‘70s. He was able then to give me a sense of place in the universe, the comfort that comes with increased understanding, and the excitement caused by an inkling of how little I know - just as Nick Lane does now. How can life be boring when there is so much more to discover? As Merlin said to Wart:
“… You may grow old and trembling in your anatomies, you may lie awake at night listening to the disorder of your veins, you may miss your only love, you may see the world about you devastated by evil lunatics, or know your honour trampled in the sewers of baser minds. There is only one thing for it then - to learn.”
How interesting the mechanisms that are causing the trembling in my anatomies!
Thanks for reminding me of this 😊 .
You sound like me. I’m astounded that this complex machinery is being revealed at long last. I insisted that my students memorize the Krebs Cycle when I taught biochemistry in the 1970’s. I was amazed then and even more so now. I wish I had his book then and had him as an invited speaker! I just published Our Self Assembling Universe-2, second volume in what I hope becomes a long series. At 84 I will need a lot of help from those bacteria that so long ago invaded my cells to keep me cranking. We are not but the constructs of the vectored fields of force that arise from Paul Dirac’s seething seas of self-annihilating virtual particles and antiparticles in empty space. That’s impossible and so is the Krebs Cycle and yet???
I wish I did sound like you!
This is mind blowing to me. So many new and amazing things to think about! I have not studied this level of biology before, and I am blown away by the intricacy of life.
I LOVE that all this information is available to the public and those interested in learning! And not only available to those attending University! And SO GRATEFUL for professors such as this who understands it and can bring it to the public! ❤🙏❤
Took a while for me to understand what he was getting at, but once I did, it truly changed my perspective on what life even is. Pretty powerful stuff
Absolutely brilliant, and a must for any student studying biochemistry. I was particularly fascinated with the involvement of the Krebs Cycle in the evolution of early life, and the Cambrian Explosion.
I only have a rudimentary understanding of biochemistry but still find Nick Lane immensely inspirational, such is the quality of his teaching - it's science at its best!
Agreed, I understand enough not to be bored but little enough to be a bit confused. 😢🤔🤓🍻
Same here. ❤
His book "The Vital Question" is still one of the best concerning abiogenesis, mitochondria, deep sea vents, biochemistry etc...
Definitely one of the classics...and I know that a lot of people highly recommend "The Vital Question"...
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Brahman (thesis, creator god) is dual to Shiva (anti-thesis, destroyer god) synthesizes Vishnu (preserver god) -- Hinduism is the Hegelian dialectic.
Idolatrous confusion. Read your Bible folks. Only Jesus provides a way to have peace with our Creator.
@@Project-pq1qh Which part of the Bible? The one about talking donkeys, the one about God murdering all first Borns or all the other outrageous moral travesties of your preferred version of invisible supernatural superbeeing?
Which version? Which translation? Which denomination? And what makes your preferred version of invisible supernatural superbeeing so special that I should chose your man made fiction over the other 4000 something invisible supernatural superbeeings?
@@hyperduality2838 A bunch of supernatural mumbo jumbo perverting my comment? Why? Do you supernatural invisible superbeeing lovers have nothing better to do?!? Do you guys actually think an atheist or freethinker is convinced by idiotic arguments or comments on CZcams?!?
Blows my mind. And adding freaking Yoda pahahahahahahaha freaking incredible.
@@Raydensheraj
1st Samuel 15, where God commands "slay both man and woman, infant and suckling"
Doesn't get more "moral values" than killing babies
A Nick Lane talk is never boring.
I'am a med student and i found this lecture to be very beneficial..thanks to the RI for sharing this amazing content for free
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Tongue in cheek, I'm sat wondering if when a med student graduates, does this qualify them as a professional meddler?
@@hyperduality2838 ㅑㅑㅑㅑ
@@youngmilee2885 DNA or the double helix should actually be called the dual helix, the code of life is dual.
Acceptors are dual to donors -- hydrogen bonding.
Hydrogen bonding is dual and DNA is built from hydrogen bonds.
Alive is dual to not alive -- Schrodinger's cat.
Being is dual to non being creates becoming -- Plato.
42 likes. Magic number. Will refrain.
Seems we are inching or micrometering closer and closer to understanding the origins and workings of life. Great lecture Nick. Thanks.
It's a pity I cannot upvote this more than once. What a marvelous lecture!
Always love to hear from Nick Lane. His books and publications are essential reading for me.
Is there a Q&a video?
There is indeed - watch the Q&A here: czcams.com/video/UqsqJM8g604/video.html
Commenting to raise this comments profile so more folks can see the unlisted Q&A.
@@AffectiveApe ty
@@AffectiveApe It's listed in the Description.
The Krebs (Citric Acid) Cycle was the most fascinating thing I learned in college biochemistry. It pretty much cemented my path into the medical world. Thanks for the "blast in the past".
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
This is mind blowing stuff. I absolutely love the way in which the lecture is organised. It starts subtle, touching simple concepts and then as it progresses, adding bit and bit to help paint the whole picture, adding personal anecdotes and history was just cherry on top. A rich lecture that was thrilling, well biologically, and i was completely hooked throughout the entirety of the video.
Absolutely amazing stuff.
its almost unbelievable that we get to experience this talk for free
Absolutely superb talk! Clearest, most lucid, best big picture review of the subject I have ever seen. Great example of the best kind of science teaching. Inspirational! ❤❤❤
I couldn't agree more. My friends smile when I say that I have a favourite biochemist and it's Nick Lane!
You sir are an amazing communicator, a complicated topic presented in such clear and concise manner, 👏👏
All the best Jules
Such a beautiful lecture. Indeed you succeeded in making the Krebs cycle (and biochemistry) fascinating. Thank you so much!
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
A profound understanding of our condition and the basic questions remaining; vividly presented. Absolutely brilliant. Thank you very much.
Wow, what a fantastic lecture! I could not thank you enough for explaining all this so clearly ... the actual mechanics of how rna (basically a piece of software) builds "actual stuff" was eluding me for decades. 👍
This is really only talking about how the parts are made. Look up ribosomes. That's what actually assembles proteins based on RNA/DNA.
just 1% of this makes evolution a complete nonsense. Evolutionists from Charles Darwin to Prof. Dawkins have maintained that each change in the steps of the process of evolution are random and unguided. If anyone can believe that this super-nuanced enzyme-driven web of webs of a thousand steps is accidental in origin or current working then they can believe in anything whatsoever - unicorns, pixies, dragons, elves, and Frankenstein too...note that his main analogy of ATP synthase being a "turbine" in a "dam", which produces the energy by handling the ADP+phosphate >> ATP reaction is a pure Intelligent Design argument. So the answer to the question, WHY did it happen is, 'It was Designed That Way by a Super-Intelligence'.
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
@@hyperduality2838 Neither black or white actually exists. No thing of fact would mistakenly claim to be something it isn't. Colour mix within the visible spectrum is constructed using Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo and Violet. These individual components in varying amounts produce every conceivable colour, hue, shade and tint. I prefer to think that Yin and Yang reference night and day, each has a sun and moon with sufficient electrical potential to form different colour mixes as required. Consider the moon as a 'black and white movie' projector, while the sun provides a full HD 1080p experience.
One final provocative thought in opposition to your dual sexes . Genesis - 'The Word' when in a physical written form, are known as letters. From Royal Ascent came Royal Mail. He needs no Hegelian dialect from Nature or anywhere else, uniformly recognisable and identical in shape the only permittable variations possible are sizes. Bigger or smaller is fine but adding extra bits on will jam up the system and forbidden.
This is the best talk on the origins of Life I have ever seen.
Absolutely amazing and revealing lecture well delivered and easy to follow. Thank you, thank you, thank you.
Thiiiisssssss!! Omg! This is probably the subject matter I'm the most excited about right now! And such a great lecture on the topic! Eric Smith's lecture on the inevitability of life is also a great one! Always hungry for more early metabolic systems evolution shenanigans!
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
@@hyperduality2838 we are two minds in one brain in our skulls, or rather there are two hemispheres and the interaction between them creates something, at least I think LOL, pun intended hehehehe
I love thinking about this stuff! It's so fun!
Thanks for pointing to Eric Smith! Fantastic talks from him, too!
Lectures like this is one, are why I love this channel
Loved it.
Learned some fascinating new things.
Already watched it twice, and will watch it some more, each time adding a bit more understanding. Quite amazing.
Well done. A good teacher. He makes complicated stuff understandable to the layman. Bravo!
BRAVO - the latest book by Nick Lane !!
Thank you for the seminar presentation, life is so interesting. I wish these technologies and videos were around when I was a student.
Nick, this is another one of your books I need have.
Excellent presentation!! Biochemistry is fascinating
Amazing lecture … one of the best on RI so far
Brilliant! Thank you Nick Lane and everyone at TRI very much.
I had never heard of Nick or the Krebs cycle. Awesome information, well presented. Thank you again.
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Awesome channel with awesome content and great quality as always say 🌍💯
It's a balm for the brain to listen to Nick Lane in times where ignorance and falsehood are on the increase.
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Brahman (thesis, creator god) is dual to Shiva (anti-thesis, destroyer god) synthesizes Vishnu (preserver god) -- Hinduism is the Hegelian dialectic.
I liked when you mentioned in 54:30 min about cell consciousness, something like "The electrical charge in the membrane generated by the spinning cycle in relation to the enviroment, that's a real time report on the states of cells". Good start to think about Qualia.
Beautiful❤❤❤.. Really learnt a lot of new things❤
This is going to be great, and I'm looking forward to Nick's lecture on the Krebs cycle. I heard Nick Lane a few weeks ago on Sean Carroll's Mindscape podcast, and he was endlessly fascinating imho.
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Superb lecture, very meaningful and informative thank you for your presentation!
Truly amazing! Thank you so so much!
Back in 1973 at age 16 I memorized every molecular rotation of the then fairly new knowledge about the Embden-Meyerhoff Pathway, Krebs Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain, as part of a rather demanding pre-med level biochem course at the only New England prep school to have the electronics and glassware to teach it, due to an NSF grants funded summer program for advanced college bound pre-med majors. I ended up trying to convert that to short form summaries for my father and his friends, who timed their grad school days to legally evade the Korean War draft.
It's interesting seeing how that knowledge has evolved since, but back then, was a reality check for me that something so basic for life wasn't part of education for the prior generation of rather intelligent medical licensees.
The nature of entropy in shaped random processes was a major learning experience that overlaps how particle physics has also shifted cosmology for "reality". Side processes that metabolize ETOH or cause ketonuric episodes are in a sense peripheral, but seem intrinsic to some elements of public policy and criminal law that need to be universal knowledge for larger issues our society treats with denial and paradox involve.
Looking back also, like understanding many complex math proofs, memorizing details of the Krebs cycle helped to make sense of the nature of important systems, but was a masochistic process whose details seem fine to let fade as other life issues evolve.
It's not very often that I listen so someone talk and all the hairs on my body stand to attention as the mental connections become so numerous they crackle with electrical charge. Brilliant stuff, thank you.
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Brahman (thesis, creator god) is dual to Shiva (anti-thesis, destroyer god) synthesizes Vishnu (preserver god) -- Hinduism is the Hegelian dialectic.
Such incredible insights on something that many of us studied but didn't fully grasp.
Fascinating, thank you so much 👍👍😀😀
Just beautiful, thank you!
You shall never find a more honest and genuine human being. Thank you Nick 💓
Thank you for highlighting brilliant woman in science! (And many brilliant men as well!) I learned so much from this lecture, well done!
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Brahman (thesis, creator god) is dual to Shiva (anti-thesis, destroyer god) synthesizes Vishnu (preserver god) -- Hinduism is the Hegelian dialectic.
@@hyperduality2838 is dual/ non-dual itself a duality?
Thank you for your brilliantly simplifying lecture of Krebs cycle.
Fantastic lecture coveres a lot of ground but is fascinating!
Most profound talk I have ever heard. The cycle of life micro to macro perspective even ,related to earth well explained.
Must must hear it n number of times. Till I internalise it.
In regards to consciousness, I describe it as having a series of increasing dimensions of modeling reality. (Nick Lane's description fits in near the 0th or 1st dimension.)
The 0th's dimension is simple matter, which is the precursor to consciousness, where it "models", aka is aware of, itself. (Basically, matter is what it is.) Once there are complex relationships between atoms, where information/energy is flowing around a system, we get more complex awarenesses of a more complex self, as in molecules that can have multiple states, and "know" which state they are in in any given moment.
As molecules combine together, at some point the complexity jumps up to a normal dimension (1D) to allow for awareness (modeling) of both the self's current state PLUS some future possible state that it "wants" to be in. A binary computer is this sort of advanced consciousness matter, as it has a goal state and works with "intention" to move it's current state to the goal state.
At two dimensions we get the emotional modeling of simple life. A cell not only models its own internal state and goal but also starts to model external reality as well, so that it can change its behavior based on what the outside environment is doing. At peak emotional consciousness, we get mammals, who can model entire other individual animals' internal states and goals, so as to collaborate with them to generate novel stuff, like simple technology (be it ideas or physical tools).
At three dimensions we get intellectual modeling where the creative outputs of collaboration can be modeled as collective environments (science/politics/religion) and then at peak intellectual consciousness, we get effective science models that describe large scale patterns such as gravity and electromagnetism.
Finally, for humans at least, we have the fourth dimension of consciousness that is philosophy, where all of the 3D models of science get combined into a 4D model of reality as a whole. We're only just starting to function at the bottom of this level, so we're just exploring definitions, really, so that we have some standardized language to modeling everything we've ever experienced, so that we can then start modeling where everything wants to go as a goal, and then maybe we can start to help reality move that direction...
fascinating delivery
Wonderful content! Thank you very much for bringing the Krebs cycle in such a meaningful light.
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Brahman (thesis, creator god) is dual to Shiva (anti-thesis, destroyer god) synthesizes Vishnu (preserver god) -- Hinduism is the Hegelian dialectic.
Outstanding lecture. Thank you.
Excellent presentation!!
Fantastic! Most impressed with this beautifully executed presentation. Thank you Professor Lane. It is crystal clear. I am very pleased.
Eye opener brilliantly expounded.
Awesome as always
Fabulous. I was a learn and forget student. I went on to teach Physics. However this is excellent and I have recommended it for our A Level aspiring biochemists!
It fired me up to find put more in the field. Thank you. The RI is such a magic lecture room too.
I found physics to be the easiest science to understand in high school and the easiest to apply the associated math to. It has the most real world applications for most people, for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Hit yourself on your thumb with a hammer once and you will remember it forever. 😢🤔🤓🍻
This video should be made a part of the medical school Biochemistry course. Never thought Kreb’s cycle could be so fascinating. Senescence and cancer - very intriguing suggestions on reverse Kreb cycle (Berk! 😊). What happens to Kreb’s cycle in COVID infections?
Thank you for the lecture!
What a superb lecture! Thank you!
My reaction is about watching this lecture for the first time. For me the lecture runs fast to catch all the details in one go. I require to watch it again and again. It gives in-depth idea about creb cycle with reference to early life and evolution. I thank Nick Lane and Ri.
Excellent delivery by a stunning communicator. The laws of the universe fall into energy creating life which can be defined as oscillating moments in time, everything is one whole entity at microlevel which collectively make the living and nonliving eternal, who knows may be life does not end with the shut down of the Kreb`s cycle but transforms into waves and perhaps back to photons that travel consciously at peace. I always bring forward to my students the parallelism that exists between biology , chemistry and physics by eliciting similarities between the mega physical and the minute metaphysical in my biology classes. Nick Lane, you are one amazing tutor of life. You have managed to keep me connected to the flow of ideas till the end. I will surely follow you.
Maria Lourdes
Great talk! Keep your mitochondria happy! To me toward the end the ideas start to resemble some of homeostasis put forth by António R. Damásio in "The Strange Order of Things: Life, Feeling, and the Making of Cultures"
Fantastic lecture!
Amazing! I never thought Krebs would be so fascinating!
Thank you for such an expansive and inspiring lecture
I am not a scientist
But I do want to know the intricacies as best I can
This was a perfect start
I enjoy your seminars and am excited to see your explanation on your theory of creation of consciousness
Thrilling indeed! Thank you!
When I was a med student 30 years ago we had a metabolic map like this one, but with a lot more of blank space... keeping up with this is absolutely amazing and hard, given all the discoveries made in 3 decades
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Brahman (thesis, creator god) is dual to Shiva (anti-thesis, destroyer god) synthesizes Vishnu (preserver god) -- Hinduism is the Hegelian dialectic.
Fascinating. I am so looking forward to the arrival of my copy of Transformer.
What an astonishing lecture.
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Brahman (thesis, creator god) is dual to Shiva (anti-thesis, destroyer god) synthesizes Vishnu (preserver god) -- Hinduism is the Hegelian dialectic.
Great lecture, got me interested in biochemistry again 8-)
Well done!
and great orator ! Thank you !
Now I'm curious as to what Luca Turin was up to lately. Some years ago he gave a memorable TED Talk, on the nature of smell and taste, that impressed me as a pairing similar to how human senses of light and sound overlap. We really only started serious modern understanding of sound perceptions in the 1960's, to enable lossy digital CODEC's of today developed in the 1980's and since then. Turin's models of resonances and physiological contacts for smell and taste took another two decades to evolve.
One of the best biochemistry talk
Amazing lecture -- particularly the question of consciousness. The structure of the synapse is preserved in all metazoa -- and evidence with ctenophores suggests it may have evolved twice. This seems to be an organ that is peculiarly adapted to amplify quantum instability -- all the way up to the complex networks in the human brain. This produces the unique and robust behavioral variation that characterizes life and human consciousness. I see this enabling life's ever-expanding and counter-entropic behavior, navigating into favorable loci in the metaverse.
This guy has a wonderful way to make learning fun.. Would be awesome to know why I've never heard him before
Thank you professor for Such a deep and simple explanation.This lecture is simply wow.
Wow, I think I just found religion! Although I have just a passing recollection of high school chemistry, Nick's presentation ties together the most fundamental and universal aspects of life in a very intuitive way. The Kreb's Cycle is on par with the Grand Unified Theory of Physics. I could study this for the rest of my days. :)
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
@@hyperduality2838 Similar to the Jewish belief that God is androgenous.
@@Mr196710 Brahman (thesis, creator god) is dual to Shiva (anti-thesis, destroyer god) synthesizes Vishnu (preserver god) -- Hinduism or the Hegelian dialectic.
God (thesis) is dual to the Christ consciousness (anti-thesis) synthesizes the holy spirit or mind/soul -- Hegel.
Perpendicularity = orthogonality.
The Christian cross is composed of two perpendicular lines -- duality.
Christians have been worshipping duality for thousands of years via the cross.
Good is dual to bad -- Zoroastrianism.
Darkside is dual to lightside -- "the force" in Star Wars.
Acceptors are dual to donors -- hydrogen bonding.
DNA is built from hydrogen bonds hence DNA is dual.
The double helix should actually be called the dual helix -- the code of life is dual, DNA is dual.
@@Mr196710 God is a dual concept.
The observer is dual to the observed -- David Bohm.
Concepts are dual to percepts -- the mind duality of Immanuel Kant.
Can God exist without an observer?
Questions are dual to answers.
The visual map of the metabolism is absolutely stunning.
All to move electrons around without killing the host.
Wonderful mind and great communictor. keep in mind that Nick's theory of the origin of life in low pressure deep sea hydrothermal vents is brilliant, imaginative, and intriguing, but it is only a theory, an opinion- not accepted fact.
Really great talk. Thank you. I don't think your explanation of EEG and anesthetic action makes much sense, though. EEG depends on coordinated charge movements that can be detected at the scalp. Charge movements through mitochondrial membranes wouldn't be coordinated or aligned in a 3D way that would show up on EEG. Also, it's not the case that there are no good protein binding partners for general anesthetic drugs. But the stuff about Kreb's cycle forwards and backwards was really helpful. Also your insights into origins of life. Thank you.
Thank you! 🙂
Excellent... thanks 🙏❤
Wonderful!! In our High School it was a requirement of 11th grade Chemistry to memorize the Krebs Cycle. That requirement was dropped the year I entered my junior year (1977). I was truly disappointed! All these years later I can buy his book and inscribe the Krebs Cycle upon my cerebral cortex!!
I have long forgotten the Kreb cycle from my Bio class. It is great to revisit and learn more about this amazingbio mechanism.
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Fantastic talk. I am constantly amazed at what my fellow human beings can do. I was never quite satisfied with the idea that life started with self-replicating RNA molecules. This talk makes a lot of sense in my mind.
Natural selection is based on energy. The mutations that survive are generally those that improve gathering, storing, and utilizing energy. The Energetic Principle of Natural Selection.
Energy is dual to mass -- Einstein.
Disorder (entropy) is dual to order (syntropy).
Yin is dual to yang.
Thesis (bacteria) is dual to anti-thesis (archaea) creates the converging thesis or synthesis (eukarya) -- The time independent Hegelian dialectic.
Clockwise (Krebs cycle) is dual to anti-clockwise (the reverse Krebs cycle).
Bi-stability implies duality.
Multi cellular life is synthesized from single cell life via the Hegelian dialectic -- the duality of the Krebs cycle.
Male (thesis) is dual to female (anti-thesis) synthesizes children or offspring.
The Hegelian dialectic explains why there are two dual sexes in nature.
"Always two there are" -- Yoda.
Brahman (thesis, creator god) is dual to Shiva (anti-thesis, destroyer god) synthesizes Vishnu (preserver god) -- Hinduism is the Hegelian dialectic.
Interesting and creative! It makes sense that the Krebs cycle be intimately involved with the earliest inklings of life.
Illuminating lecture on the Krebs Cycle.
Ri, you guys are amazing
I have a genetic defect that is Fructose Intolerance. I cannot metabolize Fructose at a usable level. Most die early, I avoid all sugar because the Sucrose makes me so sick. Double recessive, parents must be carriers. Older brother almost died from Sucrose based formula, goats milk saved him. Kind of pain to deal with.
loved the last 5 minutes of it