The Role of the Caliphs in the Collection of the Qur'an | Dr. Shady Nasser
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- čas přidán 14. 09. 2023
- This is a clip about the collection of the Qur'an taken from a recent livestream with Professor Shady Nasser of Harvard University. In this clip we discuss the role of different Caliphs in the collection of the Qur'an according to different accounts in Islamic tradition as well as modern scholarship. You can find the full video here: • The Uthmanic Canonizat...
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Gabriel, your line of questioning is getting better. You used to be TOO POLITE. I see you mean business now
The quran was current, in use during the Prophet's lifetime among the muslims. The saying of the Prophet: "Gabriel would place before me, Quran for review once a year but this year he did it twice which indicates that the time of my departure is close at hand."
The Prophets scribes were: Ali ibn abi taleb, Jafar, ibn masood, masab ibne Omair, and later obai ibne kab, Maaz ibne Jabal, Salim Maula Hazaifa.
That's why it is with reference to Quran, which existed in complete form during the Prophet's life, that the Prophet said to his followers: "I leave amongst you Two Great Things, the Book of God and my Ahlul Bayt."
The rumors spread by the hypocrites, as Quran 41:26 says "those who disbelieve say: do not listen to this Quran and make noise therein," and the first and second caliphs attempt at a collection of Quran and it not being published, as you said, is an anecdote to further testify the lack of regard to rumors or their collection. It has been vouchsafed by the Second caliph that even women had a knowledge of the Quran more than those at the helm of the administration of the Muslim Empire.
Hozaifa e Yamani, one of the most trusted confidants and prominent disciple of the Prophet (who had a complete list of the hypocrites of Quran), worried about the variety of recitation of Quran noticed by soldiers. He advised the Third Caliph as a precaution to unify the muslims under the version of the Prophet. The third Caliph entrusted Zaid, who only followed Hozaifa's suggestions. This official version has no complaint of any omission, addition, or alteration by anyone including the Caliph's opponents who were framing him charge after charge of the deviation from the right path. The Third Caliph was blamed for the burning of other versions differing from the official version in recitation, to be burnt or destroyed as an act of desecration of the word of God. But not adulteration. Even with this care the rulers could not stop publication of other recitations.
But the presence of the seven or ten varieties of the recitation and the absence of any copy, record, or narration of a different version of Quran after the publication of today's version, is the best and the greatest proof of the genuineness of the received version. Ali's, Ibn Masood's and ibne Kab's versions only differed in that they had fully detailed commentary.
In conclusion, this is why none of those of the acknowledged and authorized students of Quran raised any voice of dissent at all against the received version though all of them were alive and had their own complaints and grievances of other religious importance against the ruling party.
Nice this sunni bukhari god believers are so sick people
Mu'awia replaced Ali around 661 CE, and Abd al Malik ruled from around 685 CE to 705 CE. So al Hajjaj's recension of the Qur'an during the reign of Abd al Malik occurred fifty years after the supposed Uthmanic recension.
However, unlike Abd al Malik, Uthman simply didn't have the power and authority to enforce the adoption of a standardised Qur'an across the Arab empire in his time, if only because Muslims were not then unified: they were constantly engaging in civil wars, which ultimately resulted in Uthman being killed by a rival Muslim (according to tradition).
It was only under the unifying authority of Abd al Malik that the Qur'an text was (mostly ) fixed and distributed across the newly established Muslim empire.
“Being killed by a rival Muslim” do you know who those “muslims” where? According to “tradition”? It definitely wasn’t any of the companions of the Prophet Muhammad *Thank God*
And what was “fixed” in the Qur’ān during Abd al-Malik’s time?
@@MohamedShou Whoever those 'muslims' were who supposedly killed Uthman were almost certainly not Islamic: Islam developed much later, in the 8th Century (hint: there were no Sunnis in the 7th Century, because there weren't any hadith collections, no Sunna, no Sira, no Tafsir!). The traditional history of the early Caliphs is a fabrication.
The text of the Qur'an was fluid up until the time of Abd al Malik, since there were various Companion codices, and diacritics were not standardised until the Qur'an was canonised by al Hajjaj (the hadith traditions concerning the composition of the Qur'an under Abu Bakr and Uthman are most likely 7th Century fabrications). Therefore, the text of the Qur'an wasn't fixed before Abd al Malik codified the text (before which time the various chapters of the Qur'an appear to have existed as separate collections: e.g. the chapters which begin with the 'mysterious letters' Aliph Lam Mim, etc, may well have been a separate collection). We certainly know that the arrangement of the Qur'an was not fixed in the 7th Century, because we have the Sana'a palimpsest as proof. But even then, verse separators and other diacritics remained somewhat fluid between Qira'at.
Now, please address the OP: what authority did Uthman have to force every Companion in his day to adopt his version of the Qur'an?
Every Ramadan, Sunni Muslims recite the entire Quran divided into about 29 or 30 days in their Tarweeh night prayers throughout this lunar month.
People forget that the main enemies of the Prophet Muhammad was Banu Umayya.
The Banu Umayya were notoriously not religious. The pious followers of the Prophet who were spread out all over the major cities such as Madina, Makkah, Kufa, etc. despised the Umayyads....the pious forerunners of the protosunnis despised the Umayyads and the pious forerunners of the protoshia much more vehemently despised the Umayyads, the Kharjites vehemently despised the Umayyads.
To assume that all the pious Muslims would just accept to any adjustments to the Quran let alone large changes that I assume Shoemakers suggests is preposterous.
To assume that the voluminous literature of oral narrations among Sunnis and to a lesser extent Shia and even less extent Kharjites would contain zero narrations about any Quran reciter resisting changes of Abd al Malik (who reigned from 685-705), if Shoemaker's speculations are true, is preposterous.
To assume that the protosunnis would start changing their recitation of the Quran daily and to change the public recitation of the entire Quran during the Taraweeh night prayers throughout mosques in every major city without any uproar and without continuous resistence is preposterous.
It is almost like saying Sunni, Shia, and Kharjite Muslims did not mind adopting the despised Abd al Malik as a minor prophet of God.
@@DrOmar11 Look, you're just repeating more traditions. Invented history! How about you support your claims with some non-Islamic sources? You'll soon find that actual history (based on Christian and Jewish manuscripts, Arabic rock inscriptions, Arabic coins, archaeology, literary studies, linguistic, etc) tell a very different history to that presented in the traditions. That's why I simply do not trust Islamic sources alone.
That Muslims recite the whole Qur'an _today_ proves nothing! _Al Fatiha_ is recited at least five times each day by all pious Muslims, but there are even variant readings of Q1:4 (ملك) either as 'Owner' (as in _Hafs_ c.795CE) or 'King' (as in _Warsh_ c.790CE and six other _Qira'at_ ). This disproves common claims that Muslims would correct variant recitations, because there shouldn't be any variations in a simple prayer that is recited by so many Muslims each and every day.
Now, please address the OP: what authority did Uthman have to force every Companion in his day to adopt his version of the Qur'an?
@@gavinjames1145Lindu pujari baby listen Islam was established during the time of Hazrat Muhammad SAW After the death of Hazrat Muhammad SAW, 4 Caliphs are establishing the Rashidin Caliphate Did you forget that? And there is no Shia Sunni in Islam, Islam is talking about unity, people are making Shia Sunni You read history well and this historian is a hater of Islam Don't you know every copy of the Quran is proof that Muslims have it
Shady keeps saying "as a believing Muslim" and proceeds to pronounce some kind of blind allegiance to random "companions". Problematic.
المؤامرة قبيحة في الاوساط الاكاديمية الغربية باستثناء الأمور المتعلقة بالإسلام
😔 promo sm
The truth will definitely prevail.
No two ways about it ISLAM IS FALSE
Very shady information
Is this how you historians can really come up with 😂
First of all you are basing asumption to create another asumptions (your versions of story). Fyi, that tradition in bukhari is not even hadith its atsar /khabar, not even categorised as hadith. Motzki has analyzed it in the past and found the common link, and other scholars has also found - most of the atsar, their isnad is munqathi and problematic even fabricated. Yet you guys recreating the history based on this weak atsar. Peace 😅
That's a whole lotta cope
Just sit back and enjoy Islam getting debunked
pfander films dr jay smith obliterate s islam..😂
The prof has no historical background. He is talking head.
Lots of words about nothing. None of These Stories and their sources hold any water.
Shady is a clown, who is always living with the fact he has a muslim sounding name, so goes out of his way to attach himself to narratives that go so clearly against the evidences. Because the evidence matches the Islamic narrative much better