The Mysterious Celtic Tribes of Britain | The South (Celtic History)
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- čas přidán 10. 11. 2022
- Who were the ancient Celtic tribes of Britain? In this video I’m going to explore the fascinating Celtic history of these Iron Age Brythonic tribes, and tell you a bit about their history and their Celtic culture.
This video is going to focus on where these Celts lived, and how we know, examining the Iron Age archaeological findings such as their Celtic coins and pottery, in order to draw a map as to where these Brittonic tribes of Celts might have lived.
For this particular video, I’m going to focus on the Celtic tribes and Celtic history of southern iron-age Britain in 100BC, namely the Celtic tribes of the Cantii (or the Cantiaci), the Atrebates, the Regni, the Belgae, the Durotriges, the Dumnonii, the Dobunni, the Catuvellauni, the Trinovantes, the Iceni (with Boudicca), the Corieltauvi, the Cornovii, the Ordovices, the Deceangli, the Gangani, the Silures, and finally the Demetae.
Sources:
Cunliffe, B. (2004). Iron Age Communities in Britain. Routledge.
Cunliffe, B.W. (2012). Britain begins. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp.1-5.
James, S. (2005). The World of the Celts. London ; New York: Thames & Hudson, pp.47-48.
Davies, J. (2007). A History of Wales. London: Penguin, pp.14-42.
Primary Sources:
Ptolemy's 'Geography':
penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/...
Tacitus's 'Annals':
en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_An...
Julius Caesar's 'Gallic War':
www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/...
Maps:
© OpenStreetMap contributors, licensed under CC BY-SA: www.openstreetmap.org/copyright
www.floodmap.net/
Music:
'Another Version of You', 'Readers! Do You Read?', 'CGI Snake' by Chris Zabriskie are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Source: chriszabriskie.com/dtv/
Artist: chriszabriskie.com/
Images:
Stonehenge, CC0, via the Cleveland Museum of Art
Druid, Cæsar in Kent, The Fens, Caractacus, all CC0, via The British Library
Herodotus Map - Bibi Saint-Pol, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
Cassiterite - Smithsonian Open Access, CC0
Vexilloid - Ssolbergj, CC BY 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Ptolomaeus Alexandrinus, CC0, via Leipzig University Library
Brythonic Coins and Pottery, CC-BY 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via the Portable Antiquties Scheme
Kent Map, Nilfanion, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Boudcia - Paul Walter, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Here we are, it’s nice to see this, England is *ALWAYS* omitted in anything associated with Celtic culture, I’d never heard of many of these tribes.
Strange because the english are ,on average, genetically almost identical to the welsh, scots and irish. Except for kent, those weird unique bastards. My father’s family name is scottish(Anderson) and my mother’s maiden name is irish (Deeley), not very saxon of us;)
It's because in the 19th century an idea emerged of England as a 'Germanic' nation and Scotland Wales and Ireland as 'Celtic' nations. This was a politicised and ahistorical narrative but still plays out in popular understanding.
@@chendaforest That's not true. Anglosaxons, Jutes and Scandinavians are Germanic and culturally dominated over the Celtic tribes. They only changed a significant minority of the gene pool however. This content creator talked about this process in other videos already. It is a very common thing in many parts of the world. Genes, culture and language don't always follow if one of them changes. The gene pool of modern Hungarians is still largely the same as it was before the Magyars conquered the area but yet they adopted that language...
@@colonelturmeric558 I wouldn't say almost identical. A significant part of the genome in general and especially the Y chromosome changed but not the majority. Culture, language and genes don't necessarily change proportionally to each other.
@@napoleonfeanor That's what I mean. The Germanic tribes did dominate over lowland Britain although there would have been cultural influence from the Celtic tribes. Anglo Saxon art shows this interplay.
As you tell of the ties between the Dumnonii and Brittany, I believe worth mentioning that a kingdom of Domnonia (in French, Domnonée) was founded by British migrants in the 5th, or early 6th century AD, on the northern shore of Brittany/LLydaw. Its early kings seem to have ruled over both sides of the Channel. Another kingdom, founded earlier, existed in southern Brittany, Cornouaille, in French, Kerne in Breton, related to Cornwall/Kernow. Both names, Kerne and Kernow are considered to derive from the name of the Cornovii tribe. How the Cornovii found themselves in Brittany is less documented but it is believed that they took part in a large coastal surveillance network during the late Roman Empire, aiming at preventing Frisian and Saxon raids (them, already!).
>are considered
By whom?
There were at least two other Cornovii tribes in Celtic Britain, it's no stretch to consider that another similarly-named tribe could appear independently as a peninsular sub-tribe of the Dumnonii - along with the Dewnans in modern Devonshire (the name that continued to exist for the county in the Cornish language).
Cornovii travelled north and south during Roman Britain
Named after the god they prayed to the horn one also they were the only Britain's to have had a their own Roman legion
Their metal skills where the best
Very interesting. Thank you.
@@neilroberts5434there is no proof the Cornovii prayed to Cernunnos, the Cornovii name comes from the fact they came from the “horn” of Dumnonia, the Cornish peninsula
I am not from the UK but I've have always been extremely fascinated with celtic culture and history. So a massive thank you for the fantastic video!
You're welcome, thanks for watching!
@@dylantierney6407 wales, scotland and parts of England - how is that not the UK? Celtic culture is not exclusive to Ireland
@@ruddickkk95 That person's comment assumes that Celtic culture and history is from the UK only when that's not true
@@dylantierney6407 'Celtic culture', if such a thing can be said to have ever existed, can be found all over the British Isles.
@Dylan Tierney The mostly accepted theory among historians, anthropologists , archeologists is that Celtic culture originated in Central Europe with the Hallstatt culture named after a site in Austria. This was followed by the LA Tene culture named after a site in Switzerland.
More about all the tribes, please! Particularly the western ones, but it's all fascinating.
I'll definitely cover them some more!
Tribes migrate as far as they wish. Members might mingle with those nearby but they lose their facial appearance over time. The remainder of the tribe continue to move on maintaining their 'former culture'. This is just a summary of tribes all over the globe. Contrarily in my opinion, clans like to settle which is a rough distinction from tribes.
Did you know that the tribes of Ireland are similar to that of Iberia? Even Scotland! However England is not regarded as such except as a court or kingdom.
@@CambrianChronicles I'd love to hear more about the Iceni please!
Silures FTW!
I feel like the Silures are massively overlooked by historians and aren’t given much credit like the Picts in holding off the Romans.
Very true, they were super fascinating and yet always get overlooked! I'm hoping to do a whole video on them in the future.
@@CambrianChronicles look forward to seeing this..
@@chrisoneill3999 uh are we on about the same tribe? They held out the Romans from 48 AD to 75 AD.
Is allt wyr, in Welsh, people below the hills, pron. Is atht wyr in modern
I identify as a Silure ;)
And we shall rise again.
Subdued through neither cruelty nor clemency.
It’s good to see such good work teaching the true histories of our people.
Very interesting and lovely to see Celtic tribes mentioned outside of Ireland, Scotland and Wales 😊
Being born and raised in Devon - I'm fascinated to learn about the dumnonii tribe, the regions Celtic connections about Cornwall are well known but its Devonian ones are not so much. The shared Britany history is also amazing to find about as well. Many thanks for the video.
Apparently they used to go to war on a regular basis due to some disagreement on whether it's jam then cream or cream then jam.
Which way round do you prefer@@MrSimonmcc ? Answer carefully...
@@KnjazNazrath Welsh by birth 🏴 so I prefer a bit of bara brith with butter on. Ancestry from North Devon on my mother's side but the Cornish way makes more sense to me.
@@MrSimonmccits not multiple wars, its just one long cold war
I wish I had learned just some of this at school in Norfolk, yet we were not even taught about the Iceni, which is ludicrous. Interesting about the southern Wales tribe. Together with Owain Gwynedd much later, these guys resisted for centuries to keep alive language, custom, culture and life itself.
Mae’n gas gen I Owain Gwynedd #PowysAmByth
another way of saying 'continuing to exist'
@@user-ei3dq2dw6i I'm going to make an educated guess. Base on the fact they are saying Powys am byth (Powys Forever) and not Cymru am byth (Wales Forever!) They hate him because Owain Gwynedd conquered the Kingdom of Powys and defeated the last King of Powys Madog ap Maredudd (died 1160) and his English allies Henry the II and Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester. This is very good example of why Wales failed to unify as a kingdom and were instead divided by internal power struggles.
Not sure where you are from but we are taught a fair bit about the Iceni. Caister St Edmund was the Iceni capital, which was replaced by the Roman capital for the regional province.
@@Lorenzo-te7ox I grew up in central Norfolk. We went to an Iceni village which was fun, with the primary school, but I was 7 years old and it was just a day. I think my lament is that since some of us probably have this race in our blood it's a shame my whole exposure to their existence consisted in one afternoon.
Thank you for this. Celtic Britain is so overlooked unless it's discussing Wales, Cornwall or Scotland. It's like people really do believe that the biggest part of the country, England (as we now call it), somehow totally missed being hit by the Celtic stick. Even though we know there are numerous fascinating tribes and peoples there that left burial mounds and monuments behind. It's great to see it being highlighted.
I have yet to see all your vids so will look forward to any coverage of the Old North, esp. the kingdom of Elmet (one of the last Celt kingdoms to fall), etc.
even in Scotland tho they forget that Lowland Scotland was never Gaelic but Brythonic , The Picts were a Brythonic tribe
still Celtic but wrong group of Celts.
@@mkgaming5823 but conquered by gaelics, right
Were they ever actually 'celtic' apart from some kind of after the fact Nineteenth century classification? Probably closer to the Frisians, the nearest continental neighbours
@@puskascat Was England ever Celtic? Yes. Did you even watch the video you're commenting under?
@@johnpatrick5307 I'm not really sure that's true at all. As far as I have ever studied, Britain includes Wales and Scotland, which are BOTH ethnically Celtic. England is the one that isn't fully considered as Celtic, but not because Middle Eastern farmers just sailed and replaced them, but because Angles, Saxons and a minority of Jutes became the ruling class instead of Rome. The cultures mixed and created the English in mainland England, but not in Wales or Scotland. Even where the Angles and Saxons ruled, some places had more Celtic culture survive than others, like Cornwall.
I'd love to see more on the Tribes of Wales, perhaps Caradog's story? More on Anglesey would be great too.
I'd love to, Caradog is super interesting and so is Anglesey of course
@@CambrianChronicles as is the story of Saint Winifrid, still revered both sides of the river Dee, the last film version of Sir Gawain and the green knight gave her a nice cameo...here on the Wirral we were referenced in Welsh in the original medieval poem....E...
I feel like Celtic history is severally overlooked, thank you for this.
Props to you for your proper pronunciation of the Latin V🙌
Thank you! It was a bit confusing to get used to but I hope I got the hang of it in the end
@@CambrianChronicles well, it’s kinda an important detail to get right, or for us to correct, as it affects and informs nomenclature: in the Welsh language Ordovician has the given translation of Ordoficiaid, which I find problematic for two reasons. The first is that the V is being erroneously pronounced as a ‘vee’ sound (represented by an F in Welsh phonetics). The second is we already HAVE a perfectly good Welsh name passed down across aeons, which comes to us in the place name Dinorwig (din Orwig, meaning fort of the Ordovices). We must remember that the historical names are Latin versions of the original British names, after all. So our reconstructive Welsh words are twice removed from their original old or proto Welsh, if that makes sense
What I’d like is a map with the actual Celtic reconstructed names. Those names are obviously based on Latin. I don’t know if the names are lost or not, but in Ireland we’re lucky to have all the original names in Goidelic.
I originally wanted to, but I couldn't find any reputable sources for their reconstruction, I also thought it might be a bit easier for newcomers to see some more familiar names.
The names aren't lost per-se, as fortunately Roman names in Britain tend to just use a Romanised version of the local Brythonic name, so if we remove the Latin declensions then we are left with the Latin-spelled Brythonic root, such as:
Cantii > Cant-
Dumnonii > Dumnon-
Iceni > Icen- (and they spell their own names on their coins as "Ecen".
Silures > Silur-
etc, etc
They likely weren't hugely different. The name of the Ordovices, for example, is preserved in Welsh Dinorwig. Two important linguistic changes as Brythonic changed into Welsh were the loss of final syllables, and the softening of consonants between two vowels (eg. C > G). So we go from Ordovices to something like Ordowiges to Orwig (remember V in Latin script stood for W, U sounds).
These names are more like Latinised Brythonic than actual Latin.
The silures were the essyllwg
Here in norfolk, England Iceni is spelt Eceni on their coins. Horses, wolfs and boars obviously meant something to them alot because its found greatly on their coins. There are 6 celtic forts in norfolk and hard to find. There are hundreds of big bronze age round barrows though and two stone circles with also the only famous wood henge in uk. Lots of villages in the west derive from elves weirdly. Also the 'greenman' is originally a certified god from norfolk because norfolk before 43ad was cit off by the wash/ north Sea from the rest of England. And covered in a huge temperate rainforest. The last physical remains off this is just off the coast of North norfolk where there is huge tree stumbs on the sea bed. The are quite few celtoc burial sites too including one where I grew up. Only a handful of celtic place names survive in the fenns/ wash and only our rivers are of celtic origin. Norfolk is no 1 for metal detectors because we have an abundant of buried eceni gild torcs and more churches than the whole of the UK combined which were built on top of existing temples. Oh norfolk is only flat in the west and east. The rest is actually quite hilly in some areas. Especially mid to North norfolk.
@@CambrianChronicles I have an OS map with a complete reconstruction of celtic britain and the tribal distribution is very similar to this video eith major celtic settlement names and historical sites.
I would absolutely be keen for more videos on the ancient tribes, both broader ones like this and more detailed ones
Awesome, I’ll see what I can do!
2:52 Facinating. Then again, borders typically develop in logical ways, such as along rivers, mountain ranges, valleys etc. So it's not too surprising that many ancient borders are still in use in some way.
I'm from Northwest England but of Celtic descent (grandmother was Irish, had my mum in Wales) and I'm learning Welsh, so I find stuff like this very interesting. I hope you do more videos on Celts in Britain and maybe Ireland too, as Irish history then seems to be even less well known and covered.
On average englishmen are germanic celtic halfbloods.
@@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
Yes, Norse in the North East and Saxon in the South and West of england.
@@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714yep, I’m half Welsh, followed by English then Norwegian with a bit of Scot.
And I live in the North / Danelaw area.
@@Gary-bz1rf Yeah, my name might be a bit of a giveaway as to my roots. 😏
@@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 Celtic isnt blood. It's a language, culture, mythology, art.
As a student of this period, I find it refreshing that people are finally starting to make videos about this most fascinating period. Well done for pronouncing the names correctly. Surprised you didn't mention Canterbury when talking about the Cantii. The Combrogos 'compatriot' tribe is where we get the name Wales from today. Looking forward to the next part talking about the North. I wrote a 27 page synopsis of a new book about the timeline history of the dark ages, and sent it to Barry Cunliffe, hoping he might take the next step in his story, but so far he has declined. I don't really want to spend the next few years writing the book, as I'm not a professor, so who would read it anyway? Maybe one day something will come of it.
Excellent contribution...
You could write something akin to phillipa gregory's style
@@kimwarburton8490 Rosemary Sutcliffe's novels are worth a look...
Interesting you mention this elusive term 'combrogos, ' still have found no explanation how this is related to the word kymry. It the mainstream view, but again no solid proof that this is the case. Its an odd one as i have never come across this term as a welshman
@@legolasgreenleaf1961 - Yes it is an odd one, and maybe I was only spouting the common view? We know the Combrogi were based in North Wales and Cheshire and maybe also Rheged, but the tribe seems to have disappeared from common use by the time the Romans left. Cym Broccu means country-fellow (may be related to Broccos meaning Badger), so Cymyr/Cymru? perhaps just means Country.
After you cover the Celtic tribes of Northern Britain. Can you cover the Celtic tribes of Ireland in a 3rd video?
I'd love to, there's quite a bit less information on them but I'd still like to cover what we know
@@CambrianChronicles apparently the Brigantes settled not just in West Yorkshire ,Lancashire and Cumbria but over in Ireland too...,my tribes ( the O ,Cahan and O Neils) sheltered King/Saint Oswald in his exile from Northumbria ....as already mentioned earlier, Max Adam's book,the King in the North vividly describes the British Isles of 400 to 700 AD...good luck, if I uncover any hidden gems ,I shall be posting post haste...sorry..bit obvious that one...
@@CambrianChronicles
Barry Raftery (1944-2010) professor of Celtic archaeology at University College Dublin, admits an enormous problem in justifying his subject:
"there is no archaeological evidence for a Celtic invasion of Ireland".
Over the period from about 450 BC to AD 450 when it is commonly agreed by scholars that there were Celtic societies and civilisations in western and central Europe, hardly any material evidence has been found here to substantiate the notion of Celtic Ireland.
There is no Celtic pottery - or pottery of any kind until well into the Christian period. Only 40-50 such swords or other military instruments are extant, six decorated brooches, eight scabbards - compared to the hundreds of thousands excavated in western France alone, for example.
There are no chariots in the 20-40 small burial sites unearthed, he told a conference on "European Culture: A Vision for the Future". The patterns of burials, settlements and material culture show fundamental continuity with the earlier prehistoric periods which brought the original settlers here 9-11,000 years ago after the last Ice Age. The fascinating new science of historical genetics finds no evidence of a specifically Celtic migration.
@@gabhanachdenogla8342 Problem with that is that Ireland shared the same beaker influx in the mid 3rd millennium bc that the rest of the British Isles did. There is also no evidence of an Irish migration to Dal Riada yet an Irish speaking kingdom somehow established there and expanded eventually forming the kingdom of Scotland.
@@damionkeeling3103 I don't get your point - Ireland still wasn't influenced by a Central European culture - the whole notion of the Celts was invented by Edward Lhuyd in 1707 based on very vague writings by early Greeks and Romans.
Great video as always! I feel like pre-Norman England / Wales are so overlooked and they were such fascinating times. My family was originally from Cornwall and while it is many years removed now I always feel that ancestral connection 😄
Thank you! I agree these periods are extremely overlooked, and are the most interesting
Kernow Bys Vyken
Pre-norman england wad anglo-saxon
I found a Celtic gold stater 20 years ago it is amazing, it has astronomical pictures, the horse as a star map and 2 moons on the other side, I found this while digging a pond near Guildford
As a fourth generation Kernow-Ostralian I am grateful to you for this wonderful description of pre-Roman Celtic Britain.
I thoroughly enjoy your lectures here. I say yes to a deeper dive into the individual tribes, please!
Absolutely brilliant to see someone finally doing a really great job at covering topics on Wales! I’m really impressed with how well you pronounced most of the tribal names! Thanks for the content, look forward to seeing more!
Thank you, I’m glad you enjoyed it!
It was pretty compelling seeing the coin sites mapped out in the shape of Kent!
It's really fascinating! All of the ways that the various Brythonic tribes continued after the Roman withdrawal are very interesting to me, perhaps a subject for a future video
Great video. Thanks for making it. Yes please cover the tribes in more detail please!
Yes, more about the Tribes and if possible what is known about their interactions and way of governance. Thank you 💜
Finally, I've always wanted a video about this! thank you!
Im excited for the video on the northern tribes. Excellent video keep em coming. 😄
Wow what a great job. You went into the historiography and methods of why you know information in history. How wonderful. Great job, man.
Thank you very much!
Love the channel, and am really looking forward to your episode on the North 👍
Wow . That’s so informative. Thank you . The last about the Irish kingdoms in Wales was particularly interesting from an Irish point of view , and how the Celtic culture and tribes or mini kingdoms began which is touched on as those who were really refugees from Europe and some went the other way . I suppose what I am really trying to get at is the forming of a sort of Celtic nation and it’s beginnings from maybe a whole millennia previously . It’s all fascinating stuff.
Love your videos! I would be interested in learning more about Strathclyde if at all possible.
Fascinating! I would love to know more about them and how they lived.
Another great video man, would love to see a video going more into the Demetae
Thank you! I covered them a bit in the beginning of my two videos on Ceredigion and Dyfed if you haven't seen those already, but I'd love to cover them in more detail
@@CambrianChronicles yeah if you have enough sources and things to talk about would love to see a video going into more detail
@@The_Dude_Rugs I would love to see that too, and how it shaped modern cornwall etc
@@The_Dude_Rugs I definitely will do, there’s not a whole lot of information but it’d fun to compile everything I can find
@@NeroPop I think you’re thinking of the Dumnonii, rather than the Demeate, but I’d love to cover both of them! Especially the Dumnonii’s connection to the kingdom of Dumnonia, I find that sort of stuff really interesting
Great channel man thanks for the videos i learn a lot of this
Fascinating and enlightening video. Thank you for your work. I'm from Turkey but lately i am fascinated about Celtic medieval history and trying to figure out. Your videos indeed guiding me well.
Great video! Can't wait for the second part
Great channel man! Glad to hear you mention Barry Cunliffe. I've watched his talks before about how it's potentially more likely that Celtic culture originated in western Europe and even earlier than once thought. A lot of history channels still subscribe to the old theory of them moving into the isles from central Europe around 500 BC which usually makes me wonder how accurate the rest of their research is. Anyways thanks for the content! This era of history in the isles is so interesting!
I suspect that most researchers stick with the conventionally ‘accepted’ dates despite masses of evidence against them, and only change when an authority like Cunliffe writes a major monograph on the matter.
Would love a video on Dumnonii and Cornivii and also the Tribes in the North (Scotland) before the Picts got there. Recently been feeling my heritage as Cornish/ Scottish and would love to know more about these areas.
Silures were absolute boss. Couldn't properly be tamed like many other tribes and kept fighting until they built a town there. This south east wales portion has always had a bit of a weird identity for me, and the Silures have their time in history there.
Couldn't agree more, they're so interesting and yet they get overlooked most of the time
@@CambrianChronicles and now we have Shakin Stevens and Dave Edmonds...
@Cambrian Chronicles there's a very intriguing inscription in the romanised town of Caerwent (presumably created to help pacify the tribe) which names the god Ocelus, who is probably linked with the god Mars.
There is no other mention of Ocelus anywhere in the celtic world I think (except maybe in Carlisle) so we have a potentially local god worshipped, localised to one tribe.
Fascinating to me, and makes me wonder if these tribes all had their own separate gods that were pre-Roman or Romanised in some way.
@@eamonnclabby7067and Noel
Yes, please cover the tribes in more detail! Thank you!
Just found this channel. I love Celtic history and mythology. You’ve got a new subscriber.
Great video thank you!, I would love to know more about the Deceangli
Sounds good, thanks for watching!
A channel focusing on the iron age Celts of the British Isles? Just exactly what I needed! This is my first of many videos of yours I'm watching :)
Excellent video. Thank you. When you get the time, can you take a look in more detail at the Dumnonii in what is now Cornwall, including the Scilly Isles.
An excellent summary. Thank you.
Thank you, I'm glad you enjoyed it
Great video, I wish we had more information on these interesting people
Thank you! I do too, its such a fascinating period of history
Great production. Thanks.
Excellent video! Live in North Wales so its awesome to see the mentions!
Thank you, I'm glad you enjoyed it
I'm certainly interested in learning more about the individual southern britonic tribes
Excellent informative video. I enjoy listening to your videos as I work.
Thank you, I'm glad you like them
The Centii-Kent relationship kinda blew my mind. I love learning the way places got their names
This was very enjoyable. Great job.
Thank you!
Fascinating stuff!
Thank you, I'm glad you liked it!
Very nice that you identified the Breton migration as coming from Devon/Cornwall, too many people go purely with Gildas's account and misrepresent the Saxon conquest of Britain
Please do cover these in more detail in the future.
I definitely will do since there seems to be quite a bit of support for it!
I’m really interested by the concepts we have around ethnic origins and distinctions in this period. They often seem to respect more modern concepts but I’m never sure if that isn’t anachronistic. For instance the existence of possible “Irish colonies” in Britain seems curious to me. It’s widely accepted that across time speakers of so called Goidelic languages have lived in Britain. However they’re always described as colonists. I think this says more about subsequent colonial history and it’s influence on our view of the past than it does about the realities of Celtic Britain. The strict geographic distinction of Ireland as Q Celtic and Britain as P Celtic seems a bit unsupported by archeology these days. I wonder if instead we are looking at a sprachbund of Celtic peoples, arranged as a spectrum across Britain and Ireland that doesn’t have much to do with modern geography at all.
There is an Irish placename here on the wirral peninsula, Noctorum ( Dey hill) ..a Hiberno Norse placename ,Irby ( place of the Irish) adjacent to Frankby ( place of the Franks) I wonder what they were doing on the Wirral pre 1066..??
Apologies..Dry hill...world cup final still on...
Honestly, I think we are so trained to view even our ancient history through modern, political and territorial eyes, we mostly forget that not only was Britain and Ireland a lot closer together geographically due to lower sea levels but these peoples were back and forth all the time, and language needed to be understood therein. Were they multilingual, or was there more blending of languages than we know? Many Brits and Irish likely have fragments of shared ancient British and Irish DNA due to this movement. And that's quite separate from the more modern mixing. Ancient artwork found in Ireland, Scotland, Yorkshire and the south of England seems to indicate a shared culture or ideology between ancient tribes across these islands.
@@eamonnclabby7067 The "Anglo-Saxon" dark age invaders weren't exclusively the better known Angle, Saxons & Jutes. there were also other Germanic peoples scattered amongst them such as Suebi, Frisians & Franks in smaller groups. Hence isolated occasional place names amongst the usual Anglo Saxon & later Viking settlements. Your Frankby could be one of these. Late Roman/ealy dark age Irish settlement of Western England & wales is well attested.
Awesome!!! Keep on doing the good job!
This is excellent, thanks.
You're welcome, thanks for watching!
great banter about colchester
Just found your channel. It was great. Keep going.
Thank you, I will!
Great video, love learning the history of Britain
Just discovered this channel Lord of Dragons, now gonna binge!
Thanks for this. I'm a hillfort hopper and you are helping hugely with knowing who's home I am visiting.
Currently sat watching this on top of the Wrekin looking down on Viriconium. I would love to go back in time and see dense woodland stretching out across the Severn valley. Broken only by the smoke rising from the roman city. Great video. I feel that alot of the history of my part of the country has been lost to time, Pengwern etc. Your videos help shed some light into deep time for me.
That's definitely the coolest place anyone has ever watched one of my videos! And I agree it's super fascinating to imagine how old landscapes would have looked.
The Severn valley in particular is interesting, the historian D. Stephenson (if I recall correctly) theorised that the Severn used to flood more frequently and at a greater range, since there are apparently a lot of references to some kind of flooded landscape in Shropshire from Wales
@@CambrianChronicles I imagine as the climate sputterd and wobbled during the end of the last glacial period the melt waters from the welsh highlands would have caused the Severn to be like that for a period during the change. With the geology of the area would have made the river snake and weave across the valley dodging the verious patches of harder rock... maybe?
very cool, thank you. seems like a logical set of hypotheses, at least from the presentation
Great videos! I'd love to see one on the Greek Phocaean colony of Massalia/Marseille of 600 BC and how it influenced Gaul ( and Britain?)
Amazing video, I’m a Numismatic expert on the Atrebates and Regini under the Comminid dynasty and this video was a very accurate and well presented
Well done 👍
Fascinating. Thank you.
Thank you so much man, you’re making videos on my obsession and i love it.
Love your display photo 😍
Have you seen the new sassy series??
You're welcome, I'm glad we share the same obsessions!
@@mariamerigold Scottish history Tours are worth a look...I,m a tribal obsessive too
Absolutely fascinating
Very interesting video, thanks
You're welcome, thanks for watching!
Excellent video!
I've just binged all of your videos so far, and I love the content. There's not a massive wealth of videos on topics like these on CZcams, and it's fantastic to see some representation for Celtic, especially Welsh history (which while I'm relatively well Wikipedia'd, I'm still unfortunately largely ignorant on the topic) - I can't wait to see what else you come out with. I don't want to impart any pressure, but I'd love to hear your thoughts on the history of the Picts, the Isle of Mann... so many excellent potential topics. I look forward to your next upload!
Beannachdan bho Alba, agus Chuimrigh gu bràth!
Thank you! I'm glad you like them, any and all ideas are welcome, and there's more to come!
@@CambrianChronicles the Declaration of Abroath references the Picts ,whose aristocracy were largely wiped out by the Gaels of Dalriata and the Norsemen....
Another great offering...cheers/slainte...best wishes from the wirral side of the river Dee...
Thank you so much, I'm glad you enjoyed it once again!
Really great vid bro :)
Although early Scandinavian (Viking), raiding Captains and crews hit some parts of our Cornish coast, they soon came to their business senses. Cornwall, rich in malachite and cassiterite were minerals of enormormous value. In time, Viking vessels brought much needed pitch pine baulks to our fore-fathers, for support structures below ground. Pitch pine timber was exchanged, along with furs, for copper and, predominantly, tin. The Devoran Estuary was once a drop-off/collection point for trade. The tin and copper mined in the Carnon Valley and further inland was smelted into ingots at Perran-ar-Worthal foundry. Eventually, Viking raiding fleets used many Cornish maritime safe havens for repair and replenishment before moving up the Channel to attack Saxonia. And there's more! Hopefully, you may further cover a bit of your Brythonnic 'Cousin's' history. After all, we are related and we Kernowek valued Welsh coal highly in our foundries! BTW, I've been a metal detectorist since way back. Once, while detecting an excavated site on banks of the Devoran Estuary, I made two Viking finds. I have them still: Two lead-alloy Hnefatafl gaming pieces from the early 9th Century. "Meur ras".
That was fascinating, thanks.
Your channel is awesome so glad I randomly found it, any plans of doing englands best county Cumbria!
Hopefully one day!
Fascinating thank you
I like history but as someone who lives in England always interesting to learn about! Great channel and great content mate!
Much appreciated!
Love this video. Shows the start of this country
Very informative! especially like the coinage
Thank you, I'm glad you liked it!
I feel like Celtic history is severally overlooked, thank you for this.. I feel like Celtic history is severally overlooked, thank you for this..
I'd love to learn more about Celtic tribes on the continent,too.
Definitely more detail!
I’d love to see a video on the history of the languages :)
Sounds good, I'd love to cover the history of the Welsh language
@@CambrianChronicles indeed ,huge difference in North and south Wales....
Would love to hear more, especially the connections of migrations between Brittany and Cornwall.
Enjoying this channel. Good work. Is there a follow-up on the northern tribes?
There is! czcams.com/video/g1LaxJVqNl4/video.html
first time I have heard anyone say Iceni properly in one of these history videos. ikinee or ikenee not eyeseeneye. good video.
Thank you!
Great video man
Thank you so much, I'm happy you liked it
Thank you. Very interesting. I am interested in what Celtic words have survived in terms of place names, river bands etc
Thank you! There's loads and loads of Celtic place names surviving in England, especially in the rivers, the easiest example are all of the rivers named "Avon", the Celtic word for "river"
@@CambrianChronicles Clyde/Clwyd...Aber/Aber...
English town names are very Germanic for the most part but for some reason unknown to me, rivers have largely retained their Celtic names.
Great video I have a few Cornish and Welsh ancestors so it's great to learn about what they did.
Same here
That's awesome, I'm happy to help!
Don't also forget that most modern English have majority native DNA and not germanic as we are led to believe
@@ChimozuFu depends if French dna is Germanic or Celtic dna. From the September 21st study on DNA of Britain this year.
Celtic DNA ranges 11-43% and Anglo-Saxon DNA 25-47% and French dna fills in the rest.
@@noahtylerpritchett2682 Well, since the Normans were not really French but Scandinavians, you can be assured that English DNA is very much Germanic. There was also the Danelaw too
I’m from South Wales
And it was nice to hear my ancestors was a Thorne in Roman Empire
Would love to hear more info about south of wales
Keep up the awesome vids man ima hit that subscribe 💪
Thank you! I'll definitely talk more about the Silures soon
Wonderful, thank you!
Great video. More would be awesome!
The second part is up!
Fantastic video. Could I ask when the 2nd part is due to be released?
Not sure yet, this video wasn't very popular until like a week ago so I had previously shelved the next part, but I'll put it in the next poll and see what everyone thinks. It'll definitely be made eventually
Great Vid 👍. Did you do the Northern tribes Video?!
Would really like to see you cover Scottish and maybe Irish history with the dedication and appreciation you give to Wales
Fantastic..need more..much more..
I've made a part 2 if you're interested! czcams.com/video/g1LaxJVqNl4/video.html