Why is rice so popular? - Carolyn Beans
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- čas přidán 10. 01. 2024
- Dig into how rice became a staple in the world’s diet, and the surprising consequences of its traditional production practices.
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Rice contributes over 20% of the calories consumed by humans each year. Korean bibimbap, Nigerian jollof, Indian biryani, Spanish paella, and countless other culinary masterpieces all begin with rice. So how did this humble grain end up in so many cuisines? Carolyn Beans investigates the global expansion of this beloved crop and the unintended consequences of its popularity.
Lesson by Carolyn Beans, directed by Na Na Na Studio.
This video made possible in collaboration with Speed & Scale
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A special thanks to Michele Reba who provided information and insights for the development of this video.
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a story told by ...Carolyn "Beans". :)))
😂
I was also gonna point out how appropriate that was lol
Rice and Beans go together 😂 Rice just wanted his wife to talk fondly about him
Yeah, It got me as well
So I'm not the only one who noticed that..😂
Rice truly is a global staple, feeding more than half of the world's population! Its versatility, ease of cultivation, and the way it complements so many dishes make it easy to see why it's so popular. Plus, it's the perfect canvas for a myriad of flavors from different cultures
White rice + SPAM = so yummy!
During World War II marines in the Pacific often ate Japanese rice to keep them going, Sometimes they were infested with maggots and other bugs in the Pacific jungles
@aegyo9272 A product of WWII because Spam was popular in the Pacific Islands like Guam during that era
Also you can harvest it twice within a year because of how fast it grows, it’s part of why China has always been so populous.
Not to mention high in calories! From what I know, they are more efficient in feeding large amounts of people than other crops. This means you could feed more people with every square meter of rice paddy compared to other grain crops like wheat, sorghum, or malt. One of the reasons why East and South Asia has a higher population than any other parts of the world.
An additional possible bonus of using the "drain and flood" method this video advocates, is that it could also act as an alternative pesticide control. Nothing too amazing, but letting the fields dry out can kill off plants that only thrive in flooded areas, and flooding the area afterwards can kill whatever plants that took root when it was dry. Plus other small pests, like bugs, could also be killed by the flood if they aren't suitable flooded areas.
@@RepentandbelieveinJesusChrist5 Jesus will help increase rice yeild if you convert. I call upon power of the holy spirit to multiply the grains of rice in this paddy field.
As a asian rice is literally our staple diet. Can't live without rice. ❤❤ I didn't actually know that growing rice also hurts the environment. You learn something new every day.
Every farming hurt environment one way or another.
There are no clean way to grow your foods.
Rice has been grown for thousands of years. Fossil fuel burning is the main cause of climate change.
Fossil fuel companies like to push the blame around to anything they like including something as simple as eating rice.
We don't need to stop eating rice. We need to stop using billions of cars and thousands of ships and airplanes everyday.
Enjoy your diabetes
Eating meat is worse for the environment. And avocados use a lot of water.
Uncle Roger approves hiyaaa
Rice is so important to us Vietnamese we also have different terms for it
▪︎ Rice crops - Lúa
▪︎ Young Rice crops - Mạ
▪︎ Unmilled Rice - Thóc
▪︎ Milled, uncooked Rice - Gạo
▪︎ Dried Rice crops after havesting - Rơm
▪︎ Cooked Rice - Cơm
▪︎ Cooked sticky Rice - Xôi
▪︎ Uncooked sticky Rice - Nếp
▪︎ Steaming (the rice) - Đồ
▪︎ Harden/Burned part of the rice - Cháy
▪︎ (Rice being) burned - Khê
▪︎ (Rice being) too wet, yet uncooked - Trương
▪︎ Broken, uncooked rice - Tấm
▪︎ Rice bran - Cám
▪︎ Rice husk - Trấu
▪︎ Rice cooking failure in a spectacular way - Trên sống dưới khê, tứ bề nhão nhoét
Vietnamese is so fascinating. ☺️
Is there a word for rice cultivation that causes climate change?
@@joshuataylor3550yes, its câm mồm
@@thang1144 Chịu :))))
@@thang1144 Haha, hilarious.
Carolyn Beans does a video about Rice
As a Nigerian, I find that coincidence hilarious. We eat Rice and Beans together as a meal, and sometimes they can be played as opposites to each other
Same with Mexicans, I've eaten rice with beans many times.
Lols
in brazil we eat beans with rice every day
In our country, we have some like pork and beans (which is like 99% beans). and I eat it with rice! it tastes awesome!
@@katkat3458are you talking about baked beans with mini sausages?
Rice is so important in Nepal that it has different names in every form.
Sita- a grain of cooked rice
Bhat-a cooked rice
Chamal-an uncooked rice
Dhan-a rice within a husk
Bala-a dry fully ripped paddy
Even so, it is also known as gold that grows and August 1 is a Paddy Day in Nepal.
A small myth/superstition to add: It is said that, if you step over rice water, your eyesight will be poor when you grow old. So my mom would never dispose ricewater in an open area.
What's august 1 , I only heard about ASAR 15
in the tagalog language in the philippines we have similar words for different forms of rice too!
palay - any stage of rice before husking/milling, whether its growing in the field or harvested
bigas - husked uncooked rice
kanin - rice in general/cooked rice
tutong - burnt crispy rice on the bottom of the pot
malata - mushy soft rice that was cooked with too much watef
bahaw - leftover rice cooked yesterday (not spoiled! will probably be either reheated or turned into fried rice)
Idk about other Indian languages but we have very similar words in marathi. Shita, bhaat, tandool, dhaanya, etc
Padi - grown, husked, harvested grain
Gabah - Dried Husked rice
Beras - grain uncooked rice
Nasi - cooked rice
Bubur - overcooked rice / porridge / congee
Nasi Aking - Leftover rice, dried and cook again
We have similar names in Bangla and other Indian languages too
Rice is so important for us Filipinos we even have different terms for it
▪︎ Rice crops - Palay
▪︎ Rice grains - Bigas
▪︎ Rice grain - Butil ng palay/bigas
▪︎ Steamed Rice - Kanin/Sinaing
▪︎ Fried Rice - Sinangag
▪︎ Burned part of the rice - Tutong
▪︎ Foamy excess water from the steamed rice - Am
▪︎ Cold Rice - Bahaw
▪︎ Rice that has absorbed so much water - Malata
▪︎ Rice that's too dry, not yet cooked - Manigat
▪︎ Sticky Rice - Kakanin
▪︎ Way of cooking rice - Pagsaing
Also the reason why they have such a high diabetes rate
@@elitecol69 true lmao. a lot of oldies have type 2 diabetes
Wow, amazing! 😄
@@elitecol69How is this related?
In Javanese of Indonesia too :v
Rice Crop : Pari
Rice Stem : Damen
Rice Grain (Peeled) : Beras
Rice Grain (Unpeeled From It Husk) : Gabah
Rice Husk/Hull : Dedak/Dedek
Smooth Rice Husk : Bekatul/Katul
Rice (Cooked) : Sega/Sego
Spilled Rice Grains : Upa/Upo
Leftover Dry Rice : Karak
Broken Rice : Menir
Rice Drainage Water (After Washed) : Leri
So much of the western diet revolves around wheat, and as someone with a gluten allergy, I'm so thankful rice is both readily available at every grocery store and can be made into a wide variety of dishes.
Potato exist
Do you realize Rice is also from the west? It is global grain just like wheat
@@garystu9878 No, and rice is a global grain. You need to learn how to read.
Ah rice, so simple yet so iconic and important as a food staple. ESPECIALLY for Asian cultures and for people in my family and among many of my friends, rice makes up so much of the various foods we eat regularly.
It has indeed become too much of a culture that looking at people who don't eat rice feels like an alien.
As an Indian Bengali, rice is so important food for us that we consume it in many different ways
*Chaal* - Uncooked rice
*Bhaat* - Cooked rice
*Dhan* - Rice with the husk attached
*Muri* - Puffed rice (Most staple Bengali light meal. You can mix n number of items with muri)
*Chira (poha)* - Flattened rice
*Khoi* - Popped rice
*Murki* - Popped rice mixed in hot n sweet jaggery
*Chal er gura* - Powdered new rice.
*Pitha* - A variety of winter dessert made using powdered rice, milk, jaggery of khejur, coconut, etc.
*Khichudi* - Rice and lentils slow cooked together
*Payesh (Rabdi)* - Rice slowly cooked in milk and jaggery or sugar plus dry fruits
*Panta* - Cooked rice left submerged in water overnight
*Bhuna Khichudi* - A dryer version of khichudi with added dry fruits
*Chal bhaja* - Fried uncooked rice
*Gola* - Overcooked sticky rice
*Maar* - The liquid starch of rice
*Pulao* - Flavoured and spiced rice with dry fruits and nuts
*Biryani* - Rice cooked with spices and meat
*Atop* - A variety of scented rice
*Gobindobhog* - A variety of scented sacred rice used for making prasad
*Tulaipanji* - A variety of mild scented rice eaten best with meat
*Basmati* - A variety of long grained scented rice
*Dheki Chata (ঢেঁকি ছাঁটা)* - Brown rice, usually eaten by people who are sick
*Tush/Khosa/Bhusi* - The husk of rice, used to feed cattle
*Khor* - Straw or hay, used to feed cattle, & used in construction as insulator
*Dhaner Seesh* - The pinnacle or sheaf of the paddy has always been traditionally used in numerous ways in our sanatani culture
*Hariya/Pochani* - An alcoholic drink made from fermenting rice
And the list goes on
Professional yapper
You forgot about the one and only South Asian favourite, "Jaalmuri/spicy puffed rice"!!
@@rodrozil6544 Yes. Thank you :)
So is Vietnam, and I suspect that so are countries with history of rice cultivation tbh.
dudes yapping rice
The video didn't explain "why is rice so popular?".
Flooding rice field is make able to grow without fertilizer, which means more rice, more population, so Many people make rice if they can.
The simple reason is the yield. 1 cup of dry rice can become up to 4 cups of cooked rice, depending on the type. No other staple crop does that. A pound of wheat flour does not quadruple in volume when you make bread from it, neither does a cup of cornmeal become 4 cups of cooked corn meal when you cook it. It takes less rice to feed many more people.
@@gemmeldrakes2758 But popcorn can double that. 😅... one spoonful of corn can become 4 cup of popcorn. 🤔
don't kill me, sensei 😰
@@gorilladisco9108 I forgot about popcorn. But perhaps it is not as versatile? You can serve a lot of different entrees with rice.
@@gemmeldrakes2758 I think so too. The expansion of popcorn was filled with air, while rice was filled with water. That gives rice more filling sense than popcorn.
I am actually surprised they didn't mention how rice farmers get infected by parasitic worms at an alarming rate. They then contract some pretty terrible diseases as a result. Parasitic worms kill thousands of people a year in pretty horrible ways. I wouldn't be overly concerned with the methane distribution by flooding rice fields but instead making it a breading ground for worms. We should focus on draining these fields for the health of poor farmers because worms are very easy to get rid of by simple medications but most farmers cannot afford it.
Not just schistosomiasis etc, but also malaria in the African continent!
It's amazing how this staple has been so integral to many culture cuisines for millenia!
Rice are one of god's greatest gift to us. From one rice you can grow it to thousands of rice. Rice can be stored for a long time without preservative. You can cook and eat it easily without many process like wheat. It can blend it to any other dish. If you turn it to powder, it can be use to make many delicious cake and so on.. rice is indeed bringing life.
So true! I dont know any better way to put it than this.
Yes... Also, it's part of our culture and blood...
The people who discovered rice don’t believe in god
We plant rice during the monsoon rains. So mostly doesn't need irrigation and i think it actually helps prevent flooding by storing so much water in the fields.
Not just that, the way rice is cooked also varies a lot. In India (I'm Indian), the most go to way to cook rice is using a pressure cooker. In other Asian countries, rice cooker is used heavily. In the west, rice is cooked in an open vessel. Rice is love.
Great video, very informative.
A pressure cooker is a new invention.
Just cook it in a pot that's better.
Even for khichdi or pulav it's better
Everyone uses cooker today. We use pressure cooker. In east, southeast as well as west, they use electric cooker.
Its a new phenomenon. Before that everyone used pots and open vessels. I still prefer using open vessels over cooker myself.
As a South Korean, that bibimbap thumbnail attracted me a little too much... that I actually didn't know the title until I started writing this comment😅
Almost all Asians can't live without rice. You can eat anything from burgers to donuts, but eventually it feels strange not to eat rice for a day. So we still eat a bowl of rice at least twice a day even though it's just a small amount.
Sounds like addiction
I'm from Ghana and I love rice. We use it to make many different dishes but my favorite is Jollof Rice.
As an Assamese, rice is what I eat for my breakfast, morning snacks, lunch, evening snacks and dinner. Sweets made during festivals and special occasions, called pitha are also made of rice and rice flour, called pitha-guri (pitha powder).
Rice is so centric here that the expression "bhat khala?" (Have you eaten rice?) is often used in the place of "what's up" or "how are you?".
In Assam there are museums displaying hundreds of native varieties of rice from Assam.
Some of the popular varieties include:
*Joha* - The popular fragrance rice that is also used to make Assamese payox/pah (rice pudding), pulao etc. At my home, we make biryani with joha more often than with basmati lol (basmati is a newly introduced imported variety here).
*Bora* - The beloved sticky rice that's used to make all the Assamese sweet dishes. It's the rice that's pounded to make pithaguri. We can make quick payox also with it.
*Boka/Kumol saul* - The magic rice
Others include ahu, aijong, bao, boro, lahi and many more.
There are many terms we use to refer to different forms of rice, such as:
Dhan - paddy, unhusked rice
Kothia - rice sapling
Saul - husked but uncooked rice
Bhat - cooked rice
Sira - flattered rice
Muri - puffed rice
Akhoi - popped rice
Xandoh - coarse powder of parched rice
Hurum - another type of puffed rice
Pithaguri - rice flour, used to make Pithas (Assamese cakes), some larus (ladoos). It's also often added in curries to make it thicker.
Payox/Pah - rice pudding
Põita bhat - rice soaked in water overnight, then served with various dishes. Summer food
Pulao - rice cooked with meat or vegetables
Xaz - rice beer
Mar - liquid starch of rice
Khud saul - broken pieces of rice
Tuh - rice husk powder used to feed animals
My grandfather had large rice fields in westen Nepal.. they used to alternate wetting the rice fields. Filling the fields with water, let it dry it out... and then refilling the fields again.
And it is still being done that way, but not because of methane problem..
A TED-Ed video on *rice* by a person whose name is *Beans.*
Yep, checks out.
I had thought everyone ate rice as a main dish when I was small. Then I realised that it was only in asia. In India bread was something sick people eat. And noodles was fast food. Chapati/Roti was made sometimes in my home but it wasn't like a daily food. Honestly I've seen paddy fields flooded full of muddy water, never thought about the environmental impact it has. I didn't even know why they flooded it. I visited my father's village and always hated walking in the thin wooden planks😅
In Brazil rice and beans in the main food for everyone
There are 2 types of rice varieties, flooded land rice and dry land rice. Flooded land rice variety needs lot of water during it cultivation, when the dry land rice is more resistant to drought than flooded land rice
You must be South Indian.
In Hindi, roti means bread. Rozi-roti literally "daily bread" means livelihood. Bread is more common than rice. Even Maharashtra eats more wheat than rice.
@@bletwort2920 yes rice is used everywhere here. Daily rice with milk or curd, sweets made from rice, idli and dosa too. And also during functions like children's birthdays or marriages where they throw rice at them. But it's getting costly nowadays so more chapatis now😅
In Louisiana they have figured out a way to raise and harvest crawdads in the rice fields while they are flooded. I don't know what kind of ecological impact this has but it seems brilliant to be producing a grain and a protein in the same place at the same time.
In various asian countries, a similar practice exists where they raise koi fish in rice patties.
Crawfish Etouffee and rice. Perfect.
In Trinidad and Tobago it was cascadura, a type of catfish that can even survive in mud alone
We usually eat rice and beans everyday here in Brazil. We just can't get enough! 🍚❤
Sempre tem um BR 😂😂🇧🇷🇧🇷 tamo junto igual arroz e feijão
@@enacrt KKKKKKKKKK união do prato feito 💪🇧🇷
Proving once again that Rice and Beans is the ideal combination to provide nutritious meals!!
Also, for all the different varieties of rice, there's only 2 species that are the progenitors: Short Grain (Oryza Sativa) and Long Grain (Oryza Indica). Short grain exudes starch when cooked so has more stickiness needed for Risottos and Paellas etc., and Long grain is better for making Pilafs and Biryanis where you want the cooked grains to remain separate and not get lumpy.
You know a video is going to be good when it starts with a Mitch Hedberg quote.
As a semi southerner (USA) we definitely have rice with a lot of meals.. my favorite being rice with chicken or hamburger steak and gravy.. Rice , tomatoes and okra is legit too 😋
Love your work ted ed
Always grateful to you❤❤❤
Alternate wetting can work as a deterrent against the invasive golden snail if everyone sync their flooding cycles. The snails lay their eggs above the waterline coz it can get damaged by water. Farmers can have the water level low while the snails are breeding and then raise it once the snails are done laying eggs.
In 1961, the total world production was 216 million tonnes.
But world rice production in 2023 was 523.9 million tonnes.
So you can easily visualise how important food rice is .😊
The population grew around 2.5 times in those years. So did the rice production. No surprise here
@@justaguy1182 hit hard
This video was fascinating! Loved it.
Here in Brazil, a meal without rice is no meal at all! Rice, beans, meat and salad is our standard lunch 😅
Never knew rice was farmed in South America. Thanks!
Rice is farmed on every continent except for Antarctica. Some rice has probably even been grown in a lab experiment in Antarctica.
Talking about ancient times
as a pacific islander, rice is life.
rice is also death if you eat too much (diabetes)
Where does your rice grow? There's literally small countries like Tuvalu soaked underwater
@@mechanikalbull5626 they dont they just import rice because their land will be susceptible to erosion or waves from the sea but also their lands are small to even grow rice
"Why is rice so popular and how can we reduce its carbondioxide emissions" is the real content ;) Nice!
Every video on this channel seems to go this way, and their totally clueless there’s not a hope the way rice is cultivated will change go to these countries and you’ll see how poor rice farmers are they could not care less about greenhouse emissions
@@CdrohLearn when to use "they're."
The Global South should sue US and Europeans for contaminating the world.m, and shoould demand reparations.
@@toolbaggersbro who cares 😭
The word for eating food 吃饭 , is literally directly translated to ‘eat rice’ in chinese
Rice is not just a food, its like a symbol of life and a symbol of culture often used in rituals.
“Why rice is popular?” Turned into a lecture on its causing global warming 😖
Huh I don't know about other countries but Im pretty sure in mine the rice paddy is flooded by rain so we don't actually 'use' water we just get what's there. Also the field will be let dry when it's not rainy season.
Flooded field is also a good place to put in fish and shrimps.
Paella really is a culinary masterpiece
yes but not the paella shown in this video 😭
Wonderful and informative video. Thank you ✨
I learned so much about growing (and harvesting) rice from the game Sakuna of Rice and Ruin
Thanks for the rec!
"But going against the grain could be just what we need" Nice one. 😄👍
As a University student, I’m humbled to know the roots of the food that has been there for me😂😂
Thank you I did not know about it , but now I know some very interesting information...
❤ Awesome as always thanks
I am an Indian Hindu and was not expecting to hear the word "annaprasan" .. great
Love the background music
The Chinese character 飯 originally meant cooked grain as opposed to wheat or millet-based noodles or flatbread-like foodstuff. It became cooked rice much later.
Hiiiii welcome back ❤❤❤❤ thank youuuuuu ❤❤❤
1:55, like in Japan, in Bengali culture "bhat khawa" also means meal, (bhat is cooked rice, khawa is 'to eat')
"bhat khaitm" ( want to eat cooked rice) means "i am hungry"
Also in Thai, ข้าว (rice) can also means meal.
Thats also in assamese
I don't know that planting the rice have a huge impact for environment. Thanks for the great insight😎👌
Another example of rice & Beans going well together.
I live in Japan.There’s "mochi ",which make from rice. It is eaten in New Year. I would like you to eat it!
I live in the United States and most stores have mochi, it might be an Americanized version though.
Biryani Lovers !
Show your presence 🖐️
thank you for making this video, I'm writing about Pongal: The festival that celebrates rice ❤
I spent a year in Fukuyama, Japan. It rained continuously in the month of June. I remember thinking that would be good for the rice.
Love your content 😊😊😊❤❤❤
the drawings and animation are amaaazing!
In the Philippines we had a vierity of rice planted on the mountain not paddies but directly at a dry slightly moist soil called Hasik. Saddly it is not grown in our village anymore since the introduction of different kinds of rice seeds. Only less than 5 farmers grow it in our province
Hi I am from Uzbekistand and every year we bring up rice and it is not as easy as you think to harvest it 'cause it depends lots of energy and action❤🎉
Watching this while eating fried rice felt perfect.
I have brown and white rice with dinner because I got served that combination as a student @ Leilehua High School in the '80s.
Interesting, thank you ❤❤❤❤
the indian annaprashan thing uses rice to make this sweet rice and milk dish called kheer.
Every food production hurt the environment one way or the other however, its important to know that we shouldnt go against the farmers but we should blame corporates
Eat what you like and ignore the Climate Nazis.
@@morrismonet3554 Especially those with private jets and McMansions, resulting in them contributing a larger carbon footprint that the vast majority of us peasants. :b
@@Wired4Life2yeah like Taylor Swift lecturing us peasants while she emit more than we emit a year whenever she decided to visit her bf
Such a nice animation bit in 1:33 with the European settlers coming in
From far, i thought the video was about EGG based on the thumbnail art. Could've been simple just putting a rice bowl to efficiently communicate it visually. But the video is good, always great honestly. Thanks TedEd ❤
Oh my god i LOVE the animation
Millennials depend on rice as their staple diet, and as population surge, we cannot control its production rather opt for a sustainable method.
But what we can *control* is Human-induced GHG which was shown vividly in the video by those- _Vehicular exhausts steering through the fields_
Thanks for the info. ;))❤⚡
Watching this while eating rice. Nice 😋
I am Brazilian and I love rice. I feel like my meals are incomplete without it
Kudos to the animation team
I think its perfect that the person giving the talk about rice is named beans
Without even watching the video is simple coming from an Afghan person because it’s Delicious YUMMY god sent
omg!!!! i never knew about that relation between rice and methanogens!! and i also had never stopped to think about gohan but it makes sense!!
here in the Philippines there is a facility called International Rice Research Institute many of our asian neighbors studied and research different kinds of ways for a rice to grow and develop different variants of rice.
And yet, the Philippines is one of the biggest importers of rice in the world, even becoming the top rice importer in 2023. Seeing the demand for rice worldwide is actually saddening as a Filipino. We could have taken advantage of this demand and competed with other countries as a supplier, but how can we do this when we can't even produce enough grains for our countrymen?
@@duhxdars8667 i met an indian national in Saudi and he said he once studied in IRRI and spoke proud if what he did. he told me he learned a lot. And most of our kababayan back then didn't even know what IRRI stands for 😢
@@billie-J we learn about the IRRI In science especially in terms of food production in India.
Here in Colombia we say "a lunch without rice is not lunch" and I like that we share the rice love with the asians because rice is pretty delicious
What do Columbians eat as staple prior to the Spanish arrival?
“Ok thanks to your new friend Ping, you spend tonight picking up every single grain of rice and tomorrow the real work begins.” Shang
0:02 That Mitch Hedberg line is great.
Love the Mitch Hedberg quite!!!! St. Paul represent!
Lol love the opening line mitch hedberg was the best😅
Wait wait, I thought Oryza Sativa is rice in general 🤔 this is new knowledge, thanks!
It’s hard to imagine how my grandparents used to cook rice in a pot. It seems they also steam rice? I can only use a rice cooker!
Rice indeed complements so many different food types, both plant and meat. I prefer it as my carbohydrate intake compared to wheat in meals.
Rice yealds are higher in irrigated fields more than paddy fields. Water in paddy fields is mostly used for temperature control.
In Kashmiri too, "batt" means both rice and meal. You could eat an entire large pizza, 10 sandwitches and a kg of fruit, but unless you eat rice, its not considered a meal.
I already love TED-Ed. I didn't think my love could grow. Quoting Mitch Hedberg at the start of a video--marry me, TED-Ed?
Rice isn’t new but its quality is still needed.
As a Brazilian, I eat rice every day, I love it
as a filipino, you can eat rice with rice in it as a meal with dessert like a combination of sinangag, arroz caldo and bibingka.
0:16 I had to listen to this sentence again. "This beloved CROP...". XD
Am i the only one watching this video while eating rice?
Rice and beans are food staples in Brazil 😊
Rice was not known in my home country Morocco🇲🇦, it was introduced in the 40s. Bread is the most popular food 🥯
Ironically instant ramen was invented because of a reversed situation in postwar Japan. When US gave wheat to Japan to make bread one guy figured out that bread was not a common thing in Japan and ramen noodles were more popular, he set out to create ramen instead. He ended up creating instant ramen by flashfreezing ramen dough.
what's the cost of doing the alternative drying and flooding and how does it impact on the profit margin for farmers/growers?
Time for some over rice dinner! I’m starting with Oyakodon.
Sadly, alternate wetting & drying needs more herbicide or otherwise you'll have to battle the weeds up until harvest time 😢 (speaking from the little experience i have of farming rice since my childhood)