Antikythera Fragment #3 - Ancient Tool Technology - Hand Cut Precision Files
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- čas přidán 8. 07. 2017
- Antikythera Fragment #3 - Ancient Tool Technology - Hand Cut Precision Files
There are quite a few very interesting tools still to come in this Fragment series, but I have to admit I've been super excited about these: A set of hand cut files suitable for constructing the #Antikythera Mechanism. Please enjoy :)
The other video where I case harden the files can be found here: • Antikythera Fragment #...
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Abbreviated Transcript:
00:40 The Greek civilisation was well into the Iron Age at the time of the devices creation. But the question of steel availability is not easily answered. Certainly there was a form of crucible steel known as Wootz, from the region we now call India. But there was also the technique known as case hardening, which essentially converts the surface of an iron object into steel.
01:23 The first step is to take this raw stock, and shape the basic file blanks. In recent history, this job was done on a massive grinding wheel. And although it would of course have been much slower and less convenient, similar hand powered abrasive tools are known to have existed in antiquity.
02:46 No matter how much I roll the file on top of the work, it rotates so that the file will still cut reasonably flat. Ok, so with the file surfaces stripped, the next step is to form the teeth. And I need to make a few more custom tools to get this part of the job done. I've made a simple file cutting workstation, based on the traditional approach, but scaled down to suit the size of my shop.
06:15 And that first tooth now becomes the reference for the next tooth. The chisel blade is slid up against it, and then the subsequent teeth are laid down one after another. Each time, using the previous cut to locate the next.
08:59 Well I'm not about to give up my commercially made files any time soon. But they do work quite well. They're probably equivalent to a modern #2 cut file, and although the cutting action is not quite as sweet as a new, modern file, its a reasonable balance between metal removal and surface finish. They're durable, easy to handle, and certainly perform well enough to have constructed the original mechanism.
10:31 But there's still quite a high degree of consistency of the root angles around each given wheel. That suggests to me that the teeth were in fact formed by simply plunging the file into the workpiece, like I've done here. And that the root angle variation observed across the gearing, was in fact generated by a small selection of files cut specifically to construct this mechanism. Ok, so to wrap this one up, Its still very early days for this reconstruction. And I've still got a lot more research to do into the tool technology behind this machine.
References:
The Nicholson Guide to Files & Filing: www.nicholsontool.com/MagentoS...
The late Ken Hawley on the Sheffield file cutting tradition: • Making Files by Hand
A modern French toolmaking company, producing magnificent hand cut files and rasps: • Inside Auriou Toolworks
Another beautiful video on rasp making: • The making of LIOGIER ...
A look at traditional filecutting. A blend of both the modern filecutting machine as well as traditional hand cut files (German, no English CC's): • Video
Antikythera Fragment #3 - Ancient Tool Technology - Hand Cut Precision Files - Jak na to + styl
This is great, almost every discussion of old tool technology I've ever seen stops at knapping flint and picks up at the middle ages, skipping millennia of slow, steady advancement. Thanks for doing your part Chris.
Thank you mate, appreciate your support each release :)
absolutely brilliant.
Thank you good Sir :)
clockmakers making the machinists look like cavemen :)
@@jusb1066 ya jocks vs nerds a tail as old as sharp stick vs just hit it with a rock
and people think making things out or files cool.
Yes yes it is
I think it's absolutely amazing that you're not only trying to build the Antikythera Mechanism, but also spending a lot of time trying to understand how it was built using as close to possible the period accurate tools, that you're making yourself...amazing
Great to have you watching mate :)
Making tools to make tools to make your project. Dedication!
it will end up being a museum quality reconstruction that way
I'd have been more impressed if he dug up bog iron first, but this isn't tea bag.
AvE?
+Paul Frederick. Have you seen another Australian youtuber called "Primitive Technology"? He has experimented with recovering iron from iron bacteria using nothing but things made from rocks and trees. I'd love to see a collab video between "Primitive Technology" and "Clickspring"
+lordchickenhawk Primitive technology probably wont do collaborations though
As a person who wears out alot of files, I found this video to be very fascinating. Finding your channel is like opening a door to a higher level of craftsmanship. Much appreciation for your work! Thank you!
These projects are more valuable to me as an adult whose been in the machining/fabricating industry my whole working life, than any other videos on CZcams. These videos even got my wife interested, who wasn’t into this stuff.. We will be patreon supporters very soon.. thank you!
Awesome to hear that Mike, so pleased you're enjoying them :)
Clickspring...your channel is about one of the very few WORTHY of being perpetually maintained........Regards
Chris' attention to detail and dedication to making this project as historically accurate as possible make these videos an absolute treat to watch. It is not often that one can get such an in-depth glimpse of ancient history, and these videos deserve way more views for doing just that. Keep up the awesome work!
Cheers Jack, appreciate your support mate!
Interestingly, the lack of uniformity in hand made files, is shared in high quality machine made files, because if the tooth spacing is too uniform the file chatters, and fails to make a good cut, and instead squeals and digs in from vibrations generated at a high frequency. Nicklson (did I spell that right?) file corporation invented the first file cutting machine that was suitably Random to mimic hand struck files, and allowed for machine made files to take over.
Betcha if ya used a nice hard modern tool steel, it would end up better then most store bought files!
(That are made of straight high carbon steel still... some tools refuse to evolve)
I like watching files get struck, there is some magic in the process, happy to see your channel. You earned a subscriber.
Not sure what you mean by a modern tool steel, but there isn't much of anything that will make a better file than a mildly alloyed 1.2% carbon steel. Steel that's more highly alloyed has problems other than wear resistance, especially in fine edges (like tips of file teeth) under any pressure. The cobalt steels are about the only thing that gets a little harder than file steel (file steel can come out of the quench at 68), but cobalt steels are extremely low toughness and the teeth would break right off filing steel.
Ahh man. I forgot just how much blood, sweat, and tears you put into every project. Lovely to see your work again, Chris.
Keep it up, mate.
Cheers mate :)
@@Clickspring I appreciate your mind.
I love your dedication and persistence. If only I had your patience too...
As a Greek, you make me very proud!
Terrific to have you watching mate :)
Thank you very much! I really look forward to see it complete! Keep up the excellent work!
Seeing a new Clickspring video in my feed has to be what winning the lottery feels like!
Terrific to have you watching mate :)
And you replied to me!!! I'm starstruck!!! Thank you for sharing your knowledge!
I crave these videos
Bobby Duke Arts hey its you😁 hiiii
Chris, it's hard to explain how much I'm excited by techno-archeology, and how well you do it! I'm back to this video again after years. You, Sir, are an inspiration and a wealth of genuine insight.
I have watched this entire series more than once or twice,. I love how Chris starts out by making the tools necessary to complete the project.to show how it was actually done ions ago..to reverse engineer everything after seeing the end result still has to be easier than designing and building it the first time,with nothing to compare it to. It is all just so amazing to me. Love this channel.
Well done ! It took a long time to make files back then, but then they were used for a long time to make everything metal.
Am I the only one here who can't stop thinking about the paradox of needing a file to make a file?
A flat piece of granite could have been used.
*mind explodes*
If you did not have a file, you would start by making a scraper to flatten your blanks.
The scraper is essentially a toothless file blank with sharp polished corners.
It can be made using just abrasive stones to flatten and polish the edges.
I would assume you could get away without filing the blank the first time, then use those poorer quality files to improve the next set you make.
I guess it wouldn’t really matter if the first file wasn’t perfectly flat. It would still be enough to make the next file a bit flatter.
Then you can make progressively better files
I really admire that you don't take the easy way out, but instead use the techniques and methods of the original makers of the tools you're constructing. The fact that you do your work not completely for the end product, but mostly for the experience is also respectable. Your hard work is a huge inspiration!
Cheers Niko!
The antikystera mechanism is the holy grail for the home shop enthusiast. Thank you for this video!
Amazing video and amazing craftsmanship. But boy did it make me appreciate modern machinery.
Me too! Thanks for watching :)
I have never seen anyone make a handmade file before. This is really fascinating. Thanks for making this video.
11 pm, was going to sleep, but saw a new clickspring video
3:30 at night and I'm still watching
And now you can't sleep from the sheer beauty of it? Welcome to the club!
A huge tip of my hat to you sir from an old T&D maker.
I find it astonishing that anyone can put so much time, talent and effort into this, but the results are remarkable. I am staggered by the step change in technology that these relatively simple tools would facilitate. Its amazing to see them made from such humble beginnings. I'm hooked on the series now. No question!
Your attention to detail and patience are incredible and very inspirational. I know I don't know the half of what it takes for you to make your videos but I sure do appreciate them
Thank you mate, I very much appreciate you watching :)
When I had this channel recommended I felt like I was let in on a well kept secret, that you are the creator that is the favorite of all of my favorite maker/artist youtubers. It’s wonderful
Loving it. The first file I bought was a #2, simply because I was clueless and there were three grades to choose from, so I thought I couldn't go too wrong with it, staying in the 'middle of the road'. When I showed that to my friend the apprentice metalworker, he was surprised and said usually nobody went with the #2 but all the shop workers used a set of #3 for rough shaping and #3 for finishing the filing job. Served me well all those years though.
I can see the master craftsman in his rough chiton have apprentices hew files for the shop and carry out all sorts of endless repetitive tasks, weeding out the wheat from the chaff according to the quality of their workmanship afterwards.
You're my hero, Chris. Truly a master of patience.
Clickspring = Australia's national treasure
As a knifemaker/hobby machinist who appreciates a good quality file, I absolutely love this video. I might have a go at it myself! Beautiful work.
The patience of an angel and the perseverance of an ant. Chris, you must have hundreds of hours a day. Respect!
Making the files totally blew me away. Impressive crafting!!
Beautiful camera work, shots, lighting, craftsmanship... I'm not sure whether to start making videos or give up before I start based on how fantastic your work is, Chris. Outstanding stuff, mate.
Wow, the last thing I expected to see - making your own files!!! Your commitment to authenticity blows my head off!!
It goes without saying but I’ll say it anyway. Your presentation was accomplished without the glaring and telling need for recognition and significance typically found on CZcams.
It is refreshing to witness what was possible and subsequently accomplished in ancient times by people who saw possibility and then invented the technology and tools needed to make it happen. Your presentation clearly demonstrates the human capacity for creativity and inventiveness. Thank you.
This is great. Your attention to detail and patience are a joy to watch.
Outstanding !!! The question has never been COULD the ancients build such a device, but HOW could ancients build such a device. You leave no speculation as to HOW.
Clickspring has rapidly become my favorite channel.
I found you by watching This Old Tony. I found HIM by watching Alec Steele. You guys just keep leading me to better and better viewing content. ty so much
The History Channel can bite me, this is just amazing to watch. Absolutely mind boggling, not just the incredible craftsmanship and attention to detail, but the...almost reverse engineering of this project.
Chris, you can't keep doing this man. I mean, you can and I know full well you will, but giving your viewers chills with every video surely will have health ramifications. Watching every tool being made for an ancient workshop is like something out of SciFi. Keep up the amazing work.
Ha ha! Terrific to have your support Gerald :)
Clickspring count on it!
Well done the time spent is appreciated by a lot of us. Keep up the great work.
That was brilliant. This channel is incredible.
yet again Chris I have no words left to describe how awesome your videos are, the fact that you make the tools to make the thing you're making always blows me away and the process of making the tools is as fascinating as is the building of the Antikythera Device and the attention to detail is of the same high standard. Every video is satisfying to watch and I always look forward to it with the excitement of Christmas morning...lol
Cheers mate :)
I could watch this all day looooooooong !
Wow... what a fascinating journey... thank you for taking us with you... amazing!
This is one of your best videos yet and that says some. Keep it up Chris.
Thank you mate :)
rimmersbryggeri I like the screw tapping holder series the most.
That one is great too. I have just always wondered how files were made before modern tools. Tapping or even rolling threads was never a mystery to me since I grew up in a machine shop.
Chiseling the teeth has been a known technique basically forever. Although I did not know about the previous step he did to level the blank.
rimmers, I agree, but I love his bluing vids too! Still amazes me to see the finish and color quality he can achieve. If there's one thing that's incredible in each and ever video it's the production, excellent informative narration and spot on execution! Ok maybe at least three things.
Your tool making Chris is amazing... so much patience and hand work. Your video material truly is right up there when it comes to CZcams creators. Everyone looks fwd to every new edition :)
Making the file teeth was incredible - again - such patience... not to mention cutting gear teeth!
Thank you mate!
This comment is for all your videos: YOU ARE UNBELIEVEBLE! Rob
Three Clickspring vids at once. Which to click first! ARRG!
I think this is the first video on CZcams showing how to make shopmade files. Nice job.
There are quite a few very interesting tools still to come in this Fragment series, but I have to admit I've been super excited about these: A set of hand cut files suitable for constructing the Antikythera Mechanism. Please enjoy :)
The other video where I case harden the files can be found here: czcams.com/video/V_Mp1fNzIT8/video.html
Clickspring You are one of my favorite channels.
thank you, i have always wondered if i could harden mild steel
Clickspring Being excited is entirely justified. Making a chisel to hand-cut your own files so you can hand-file gears - I really admire that level of dedication. Never seen anyone cut their own files in a home workshop before.
clickspring how to say it... have seen people doing project entirely from scratvh, as you did, making specialized tool when needed, but such tool as a file ? the basic of the basics ? such dedication , that's... really great !
A youtube first Chris, shop made files!!...how excellent! Cheers~ Rich
Sir,
I just saw your channel for the first time, and was completely mesmerized! While building clocks was never a big interest of mine, I have worked with metal all of my career (42 yr.) as a Welder/Fabricator. Making tools is in fact a very big interest of mine. I was looking into "Checkering Files" for my knifemaking hobby, I believe that I may try my hand at making my own? You sir have inspired me. I think I may become a subscriber and quite possibly an avid watcher of your channel. Thank you so much for your contributions.
This will be interesting!
0
That was fascinating. Cutting those file teeth would have taken ages.
I could not find any other video about how to make files? This is the only video I could fine in CZcams. Great video and tutorial. Thanks fr your worthy information.
I was wandering about 30mins ago when a new video was coming. Needless to say, this is a pleasant surprise. 🙂
K8Nicole I swear, every time I think it's been a while since the last video, a new one comes out later that day!
Potatoe Potato, please, can you do that on a daily basis?!
K8, Follow him on Instagram and you'll get a peak of vids a lil bit and their subject matter before they come out!
MC Hagianu hahah, if only we were that lucky!
I really enjoyed this clip, great work
I'm dubious of everyone who just found this channel and have tons of 'new' videos to watch.
Just fabulous.
The whole serie is great.
My grandfather was a "tool and die maker". I don't know where he got his training, but he came over from Weimar Germany to the US (Chicago) in 1923-24. He worked for years for Western Electric.
He made various things out of brass and steel. Don't know whether he made any tools at home, but we had some various tools that seemed hand worked.
These videos about the Antikythera Mechanism (AM) are so amazing. Both because of the memories of his workshop and because of the incredible craft and skill the Greeks used and then subsequent people/cultures LOST until very much later.
I wonder what the guy thought who was going to receive the mechanism at the arrival port, only to be told that the ship sank. Was the AM a one-off, or did he order another with the insurance money? ;)
A follow up question. How close are we to creating a restored workshop where the AM was made? And from that, what could be said about establishing the technology level of the maker and his/her guild mates?
And then, how could we develop a tech manual that describes/preserves the ancient workshop/culture?
I am in awe of what we had and what we lost.
Beautiful
Fascinating stuff. And you've put so much (educated and appropriate) thought into this project, not to mention the hours of work! Thank you for creating and sharing this playlist, and the mechanism one, with us.
While looking at it, I can't stop to keep thinking about how it's made. Great job!
Extremely informative. Now I understand why some cheap needle file sets look like they were made from mild steel 6" nails. They were.
You Sir are like Steven Spielberg of DIY project videos.
Ha ha! Thank you mate :)
I have spent all day sharpening and shaping gravers Im glad this was a 12 min video it was perfect. This concept will come in handy for attempting to making unique lined gravers. TY
Three videos! This is the best Christmas ever. It's not Christmas? Well, this is so much better!
I want to know what was going through the minds of the 220 people who thumbs down this video!
Very informative video. Thank you
What makes you think that they even have a mind?
I like turtles
They heard the expression "We have you on our files" and got confused.
Elephantstripes lack of comprehension
Probably just tuning their recommendations, doesn't necessarily mean they think its "bad" just not what they want.
I am so impressed to see this video. I can never find the type of files I would like to have. For example, files of regular shapes, triangular, flat, round, etc, but, smooth on one or more sides, with the filing surface only on the other, which would allow me to file, using the smooth surface(s) against a guide or the work piece itself, only filing stock on the filing side of the file. And, the coarseness of files, is just never right.
You could do what I have done, and make one or more edges SAFE edges, by sanding them smooth, to a mirror finish
Behind this video is a professional team. Not an individual. Otherwise you're a badass!
I actually got out of bed, just to watch this. Stay awesome!
Great and informative video, as usual Chris and as an old toolmaker and retired Gunsmith, I have gone through lots and lots of files in my time. Your work is superlative and always interesting to watch.
A suggestion for the file making chisels, if you don't mind. Shape the struck face of the chisel, so that it comes to a blunt point and this will negate the sideways kicking of the chisel, if you strike it off centre with the hammer.
I noticed this happen quite a few times during the process. You will also get better energy transfer.
It was interesting to see yet another method of case hardening and I am going to give it a try, as it seemed like a very positive method.
I have always told my trainees, that there are no real shortcuts and time spent in making good tools, is reflected in the quality of the work they produce.
Cheers,
Tony
Thanks Tony, appreciate the chisel tip :)
As always, classy work mate! Thank you for sharing the info. I stumbled across an article years ago about a European company wanting to automate the hand cut file making process. The first problem they faced was that the machines cut perfectly spaced teeth and the files would not cut properly. They needed to create some tiny variations in the tooth spacing across it's length to mimic hand cut inaccuracies. .... I'm off to measure some files now that I remembered that.
Machete Bushcraft Australia I would love to read that article!
Mate I went looking for it and could not find it.....As my Mrs would say I had a 'boy' look. I will have another go and post it up when I get the chance.
OK, I did not find the original article but I found some others chattering about it. Google 'Hand Making Files Sheffied Practical Machinist'. It is on the Practical Machinist website and I think he meant Sheffield? Post 2 and 4 talk about the need for irregularities in tooth spacing. Nicholson solved the issue.
I have learned SO MUCH in just one video. Absolutely wonderful work, thank you!
Great video and craftsmanship as always! I really enjoy hearing your thoughts on the tools and methods used by the ancients. You are actually contributing to the knowledge about this mechanism, and that's a great thing to see right here on CZcams!
Oh, and P.S. Quick tip for cleaning your files when they are all full of left over material. Just take a piece of copper, about 3 inches or so long, and with a little bit of girth to hang on to. As well as a flat edge. Take and put it against the edge of the file, aiming to move it along from one side, to the other, going with the direction of the teeth groves. Press against the files surface firmly, and as you do, the teeth of the file will indent within the copper, filling all the voids of the file along with it. As you go along the grooves, it will remove any old material. Just repeat until you reach the end of the files face. This will make an old file as good as new and is great for cleaning and upkeeping files to keep them in good condition. It comes in handy.
Just want to add, you can also add chalk to your file to keep it from loading up
@@carloshernandez2561 good addition. 😉 I rarely use it when working with precious metals, due to wanting to reclaim any scraps and filings without contamination; but no doubt it will work.
@@carloshernandez2561 Now it makes sense! I bought a rather enormous flat file at an estate sale that looked like it was loaded up with plaster or something, it was probably chalk :)
"What did you do today? Oh nothing just made some files by hand, then used them to make a gear. You know the usual."
Your patience and attention to detail is astounding. The clock series was a pleasure to watch, looking forward to seeing this one unfold.
Chris you're the best. Period! I always love watching your videos.
Awesome
WOW.. AMAZING WORKS!.. THX
I ALREADY SUBSCRIBER IN YOUR CHANNEL.
time, good quality tools, knowledge, patience and most important is passion these are the factors what makes a great craftsman and you have it all chris and thank you for inspiring us.
Simply the best videos. I hope you never stop. Super high quality
Напильник из подручных материалов. Круто.
Garden party conversation : “so, what do you do in yr spare time?”
“ Oh, you know, I make stuff.......”
Fascinating, and really informative. I'll never look at a box of rusty old tools in quite the same way again..
You certainly do your home work! Amazed as always! Nice move using the clay to trap your parts for carbonizing! Thanks for sharing!
I was about to go get some sleep. Sleep can wait! :D
I recently stumbled across this channel via ToT and frankly it blows my mind, everything you make is just beautiful mate. One quick question - why charcoal made from leather instead of the cheaper and more readily available wood variety for the case hardening?
Informative content and superbly presented, keep up the amazing work!
That is a logical question for a subject like carburizing or case hardening. I can not provide an answer, but for another facet to pursue is “color case hardening”, which has been used on many “best grade” British shotguns and machinist tools like parallel clamps. It seems that each manufacturer had their own recipe for mixing bone and leather to produce the beautiful colors that were their own. Take care.
Fascinating! I have always been interested in how files were made and you have answered those questions. Thanks for sharing this and I cannot wait until the next video.
Your videos amaze me more and more, I couldn't image what you would make with all state of the art equipment.
I clicked on this so fast
Mohammed Seedat same
Same here. I love Clickspring's videos, and master craftsmanship.
You could say I sprung to click it.
I let out a little WOOT! when I saw their was another clickspring vid
Noooooo shit! Such good wholesome material. I only wish I could donate.
What type of clay do you use for this method? Is it just over baking modeling clay from the store or is it a nicer kiln firing clay like stoneware clay? Great video, keep up the amazing work!
I used this clay: shop.walkerceramics.com.au/AA21/Feeneys-White-Stoneware-~10kg-NEW/pd.php
Clickspring thanks a lot!
Lego God drivewaysdreiestaa
Hey Chris, I thoughroughly enjoy your videos and can't keep watching them over and over! Good job!
I'm blown away once again. You stay busy don't you. I loved the clock, but this blows it away. 1.) I think it's amazing that you are making your own tools and doing much of it with the known technology. 2.) You are doing real science, and probably a lot better than a team of researchers studying old papers, and the original mechanism and whatnot. I believe quite a few doctorate theses could be written off this project. 3.) You will probably have the most accurate recreation in the world. There is few better ways to figure out how and why something is than to do it yourself.
Great work and please keep it up.
Will do mate, thank you for the encouragement :)
Dude you are fucking brilliant.
Hi Chris. I noticed that you flattened the files using a file. What did the ancients use for this step?
Hello mate - An abrasive stone would have been effective enough to dress the blank begin with, and then once the filemaking tradition was more established, they would have used files as per the video. The standard and fineness of the file cut (and therefore the subsequent blank it could be used to prepare) would have rapidly improved with each successive iteration of the process. - Cheers :)
Clickspring Agreed, abrasives were as common place then as they are today,.....kind of. Pumice stones have been used for thousands of years as a simple abrasive, simple rocks for refining the earliest of tools. Admittedly it would have taken a long time. But, they had plenty of it I suppose. The engineers in charge of this whole operation would have had 100s of minions to help he/she is the making of the instrumentation, of that you can have no doubt.
This series Chris, is as fascinating as it spectacular. I enjoy watching someone who is so passionate about precision as I am in my shop. I'm afraid the modern expression "close enough" is just not in my vocabulary. But, I don't have the time to make up all the tools from scratch I am sorry to say. You are an inspiration Chris, I would love for this to be shown in schools around the world. Just to show, that quicker is not necessarily better.
Best wishes to you from the UK.
Pete
I read this in your voice lol so cool. But as someone who dabbles in blacksmithing i found this video INCREDIBLY informational and helpful. I may have to make my own.
Shona O'Neill Who uses pumice as an abrasive? Was there no flint in all of Greece?
its amazing what you can do with just basic materials and technology.
Long time lurker here. There isn't a single video you've put up that I haven't liked, but this one in particular may be my new favorite. At 11:02 You started to put the tools of the ancient workshop together, side to side on the table, and I got shivers. I'm no metalsmith, but I'm intensely interested in the evolution and development of tools: the ingenuity behind each one, the highly specialized knowledge and ideas which helped to propel human curiosity and technology forward. Your step by step demonstrations of how the sophisticated tools necessary to build the Antikythera Mechanism could have been made is equal parts comprehensive, fun, and beautiful to watch. This is great stuff. Thank you for sharing your fascination and expertise.
Thank you mate, I really appreciate the kind words :)
your precision is art itself!
I knew they used files, but I didn't understand how they made files themselves.
Reminds me of the German TV-Series "Der Letzte seines Standes?" ("The last one if his kind?"). There was an Episode of a Feilenhauer (file cutter) who used the old technique to maintain worn files and build new ones that are superior to machined files. He intentionally makes the cut asymmetric to reduce visible markings on the work piece later. The series has 68 episodes and each one shows very old, rare or even extinct ways of tool making and machining.
czcams.com/video/koZkKDAg3Zs/video.html
Meticulous workmanship and highly interesting.
Marthafocker... I thought I was a man of patience and perfection... and then I stumbled across your vid. Well, I tell you.. I am finished!!! I was climbing the walls just watching the cutting proces of the file teeth. Abercrombie, maneegy habbaa joogaloo... I can say that I have seen it all now. You are craftsman king, grandmaster, cathedral builder, designer of the pyramids. Empire builder... you are all.