How Far Away Is It - 15 - Colliding Galaxies (1080p)
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- čas přidán 18. 08. 2013
- Text at howfarawayisit.com/documents/
In this segment of our "How far away is it" video book, we cover interacting or colliding galaxies.
We begin with the trajectory of Andromeda with respect to our Milky Way. They are on a collision course. We describe what it means for galaxies to collide given the great distances between stars within each galaxy.
We then take a look at some of the interacting galaxies photographed by the Hubble Telescope. These include: NGC 2207 with IC 2163; Apr 256; NGC 6240; the Tadpole Galaxy; UCG 1810 with UCG 1813; The Mice; the spectacular APR 147; NGC 454; and peculiar galaxy NGC 7603 with its multiple red-shift objects;
Next, we discuss how we go about seeing a process that takes a billion years by observing interactions at various stages along the process as understood by computer simulations. Here are a few that illustrate the phases of an interaction: the initial approach -- NGC 6786 with LEDA 62867; first contact -- VV 304A with VV 304B; penetration -- Mayall's Object; out the other side -- ESO 77-14; wrap around -- VV 705; merge -- The Owl. We then show the computer simulation of a collision and highlight the above galaxies along the way.
We end with another simulation. This time it's the collision between Andromeda and the Milky Way.
STEM
Mr. Butler, your video books, or documentaries if you will, are simply the best and most educational that I have ever seen.
Thanks.
Who is this guy? He has one of the best series on the cosmos that I have ever seen.
Thanks.
Butler, David
While Ufos are certainly possible and there are some cases that deserve a little attention, the evidence and data on them is far from concrete
Mr. Butler,
I found the first of your videos less than a week ago and I watched all of the "how far" already. They are all incredibly well done. Thank you for all the work you put into them.
Mr Butler, your work is beautiful. I am hooked to your channel. The simulation of the colliding galaxies brought tears to my eyes. Intergalactic poetry
The fact that you have had the courage and intellectual honesty to explain the possible flaws in the hubble constant and show the example of NGC 7603 makes me respect you so much more. Love your videos and great work
Can you imagine what we will find out when the James Webb Space Telescope will launch. Can't wait :D
I hope you waited...
Great touch with the Game of Thrones music at the end.
Watching this guy listening too him kills my insomnia and puts me to sleep generally within 10 minutes
I see it as two happy family's coming together after an eternity apart, a time for cosmic celebration :-)
Wonderful imagery and narration, thank you David :-)
Love the back yard doc! I'm like a kid in a candy store going thru your vids. Thx.
Great videos David. Like old school documentaries, all the information you want presented in an interesting, detailed manner, without any silly melodramatic rubbish the subject doesn't need. Thanks.
Nature do most beautiful things. Thank you for this and all lectures. Love all your works.
Thank you so much for the uploads. I enjoying watching your videos. Really great channel. Thanks man.
What is nice is that he takes time to respond to questions. Thanks
Thank you so much for these beautiful videos !
Love your stuff Mr. Butler
Glad you can present this to us
This series is amazing! Best and most interesting job done on the subject so far!
Thank You Mr. Butler. Have fallen in love with your videos.
Absolutely tremendous content in this and everything else you do David
Thank you for this amazing series, I have watched it with true wonder and continually have had my mind blown by the size and beauty of these objects. Thank you for presenting it so well on youtube so we may watch it.
Hey David, When i see your videos, It just humbles me and makes me feel blessed that we have this life to live on this small planet inside this galaxy of ours. Galactic collisions are the life blood of the universe is what i have learned from this video. I have been hearing about this collision phenomena for quite some time but couldn't really understand the whole process. Now i do have a pretty good understanding. It's sad that our's is also headed for a collision in a few billion years from now.I also have read somewhere that nearly around a few billion years from now,the sun will end all life on earth because of surface temperature here on earth exceeding above 400°C or so because of the changes in the sun due to it's dying. So even if a collision happens ,there won't be anything left on this burning planet at that time which could see that, I guess. We should be truly blessed that we could observe and understand at-least this much even though it hasn't been too long ago that we started learning about these phenomena.It's also interesting to note some of the probabilities that are specified in the paper published by T. J. Cox and Abraham Loeb of Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics about this collision between M31 and our galaxy such as the Sun being pushed out in to the outer halo region of the newly forming galaxy which they have named as (Milkomeda) or that our Sun getting ejected out of the disk of Milky way in to the tidal arms of the materials which will be thrown out of the Milky way. The ending of this video was just darn perfect. Could not have been better. Thanks very much for this.
Eagerly waiting for the Voyager update from you.
Thanks David, I've watched several hours of your videos and intend to watch many more. I appreciate the demonstration of how to calculate the distance using the redshift.
Your hard work is praiseworthy ❤️
Absolutely Fascinating, Thank you Mr.Butler. 🇺🇸
Real quality content David in all your videos. Thanks for everything you have created
This Video changed my life. towards the end @ 19:00 I started to cry, I can't believe we are able to see how galaxies collide! Something we won't be able to fully witness because of the time scale, but by seeing all these examples we can fathom what happens in our universe. I think James Webb is going to scare the poop out of us~
I love to meditate on this lecture when I go to sleep. Imagining these galaxies is like an out o body experience. Thank you.
What an awesome video, thanks for making these. Especially loved that simulation of the merging Milky Way + Andromeda. That was quite clever to show the simulation from different perspectives and comparing them to images of other known galactic mergers, loved it.
I've watched many of your videos, truly awe inspiring like Zen it's mind bending.
Beautiful video David. I love your work!
Excellent review of NGC7603 and NGC7603b, that’s a an amazing detail well explained.
jooky87 this guy is really nice to have shared in details the things in the universe we all wonder to Know and see. What a great fella he is.
David your a great teacher thanks for your hard work.
Galaxies are my favorite.
It's still sinking in just how many have been discovered since the Hubble deep field images.
It's just amazing!
the simulation was stunning!!
The ending was spectacular.
Sir, love your video’s.
I’ve learned so much from you...
Great educational videos that curb my curiosity about astronomy. As a non scientist (mech engineer) I am very fascinated with astronomy but regular science outlets just don't do it anymore. Thank you very much Mr. Butler
You're very welcome.
Gracias señor Butler por hacernos disfrutar con la astronomía. Sus videos son espectaculares y muy divulgativos. Es usted el mejor en ciencia en CZcams
I enjoyed your presentations... Thanks
Thank you David!
I've recently found this channel, I am a space fanatic, I mean I can't get enough and regret not figuring out my passion for the universe sooner in life but here I am soaking up any & all knowledge I can on the topic and Thank You Sir for your videos & Sharing your love & passion for what has become my passion, wish I could watch all your videos tonight but my brain would explode so I'm gonna just soak them up and watch them multiple times as I have this one and a few How far is it , love the videos, keep em coming
Thanks for your note. You might want to view the 4K versions I uploaded more recently than 2013.
Thank you so much
I love the nice touch you added with Game of Thrones at the end. Ahahah :D These videos are so wonderful and I just discovered them today! Thank you so much for making these. I'm definitely subscribed.
Amazing to even try to comprehend.
Sir, your honor, you glow just as a Super Cluster, of Stars, yourslf, thank you, so, so much, makes my soul so happy.
The distances, time, and forces involved in the interacting of galaxies is mind boggling and humbling. What is the span of human existence to the life of galaxies. All of our innovations and civilizations are less than an eye blink in comparison. And the life of an individual human is even less than that.
Now take it even further and imagine interacting universes!
well don't you have a interesting CZcams channel 🖒 my friend you got a new subscriber keep up the good WORK
Marvelous!
Great shows you're putting out, David -- Thanks, I love them a lot! :)
Just noted on the music credits of this video, you only list: "Main Titles" by Ramin Djawadi.
But the song played the first minutes of this video and again from around 12 minutes into the video is from "Heaven and Hell, Pt 1" by Vangelis and Jon Anderson (ca 12:50 into that long track). It was also used in Carl Sagan's Cosmos in the 1980's.
Thank you thank you thank you, you’re videos are Amazing
That NGC 7603 mystery blew my mind, I’ve never heard that before. I think I prefer the idea of a non expanding universe.
I enjoy your videos Sir.
The Hubble images have astonishing resolution considering the distance. I liked the space, fantasy, new age music in this episode, especially the one by Vangelis. Other people seem to be fans of classical, which works fine, because its complex, largely unrecognizable pattern sets it behind the speech on another level.
Just imagine there is a planet similar to ours that support life.
They're also researching if anything out in space could be communicated with.
They are looking at the Milkyway Galaxy as a typical spiral galaxy that will eventually collide with Andromeda.
If we, in the Milky Way, would currently be in a one billion year long ongoing crash with another galaxy, would we know?
Yes. A survey of star proper motion would uncover the collision nature of the two galaxy populations.
ı heard that our galaxy swallowed some dwarf galaxies in the past. in an another research ı've done ı found an article says that elliptic shape of bulge in the center of our galaxy(which is a rod more than a elliptical) shows an early completed collision of two galaxies
So, I have 10 billion years to build my colliding galaxies emergency shelter!?
If the universe is expanding equally in all directions, what causes two galaxies to merge together from two different directions?
Gravitationally bound systems stay bound even as space expands. You can think of it this way. Hold a pencil in your hand. The space between the pencil and the floor is expanding (as is all space everywhere). Now let go of the pencil. It falls to the floor even though the space is expanding. To see more about how this works, check out the "How Old Is It" video book.
Great video
I really enjoy and respect this series, Mr. Butler, and though I want to bring some things up about it, I do not want it to be taken as anything other than attempts at complementary criticism, a la science, etc. First, I have always wanted to see some far away object presentations with the statements around the actual times involved. So, for instance, if two colliding galaxies are 100 million light years away, it would be cool to hear, instead of 10 million years ahead, what will have happened 90 million light years ago, etc. I know this kind of time description is grammatically harder to construct, and I fear it may make it less interesting to others, but it would interest me. Second, in this case, I have recently read somewhere that now they believe Andromeda is actually smaller than the Milky Way. If I and the alleged astronomers are not wrong about this, it would be nice to see that simulation reformulated to the new scale. Thank you Mr. Butler for your very enjoyable and rewarding work in these videos.
Absolutely mind boggling! I wonder what the skies look like on planets where these collide?
Wow. Only 8800 views in 1.5 years. I feel special. Thumbs up! This is some great work.
The First time we could see you in the series ,I am a fan on universe,^_^
David I like the way u explain these subjects keep up the good work :) btw are you an astronomer?
I like your presentation Sir
Also your videos are wonderful.
Beautiful Mr. Butler. Stunning. I have one question, will the super massive black holes of Andromena and our own milky way merge? Is it a guarantee that all central super massive black holes of galaxies merging will ultimately form into one or are there exceptions? I watched all of your videos, thanks so much!
The central black holes are expected to merge - eventually. And thanks for watching the video books. The Big Bang Theory should be out soon.
My opinion is that not only is there more than one explanation for red shift but that the interpretation of redshift itself may need to be totally revise just based on NGC galaxies. Of course if that does happen a lot of things will go topsy turvey for astronomers and cosmologists.
Great ending, David. Maybe 10,000 kids will fall in love with astronomy AND the cello.!
Beautiful and very well done video,everytime i watch your videos i get even more and more educated,you are a very smart person and i respect you alot,at an age of 14 i understood alot about cosmos than i ever did and im also interested in software engineering and astronomy.I really wish that i could meet you some day.Thank you for everything and never give up! we support you and your work alot :) ! Oh not to forget i just have some questions if you can answer, What will happen to our solar system when our galaxies collide? Is it gonna get disturbed or it will be fine if we dont get hit by another star or whatever? Thanks in advance :)
Propably nothing. The distances between the Planets and Stars are too great. If humans still live they would have a beautiful night sky tho. But that's all there is, any civilisation at that time would only see milkdromeda and nothing else because all the other galaxys moved over the light horizon so no Hubble or whatsoever can detect any galaxy or stars outside milkdromeda - that means they will think that their galaxy is the only one in the vast space. Perhaps they could find our earth and find out about the milky way and everything else.
@@samurai4663 Dang smart,i was looking at the simulations and i was like omg that is hella close how are the stars/planets not colliding,after that i went into space engine and i saw the real distances so you are right,the distances are too great
@@ScorpioN-mm5pd I wish I had space engine XD I did nothing, just heard about those facts in other vids ^^ you're welcome.
@@samurai4663 Space engine is free u can download it
Im afraid my laptop can't handle it.
I've watched this series thus far; but, having seen this episode I am for some reason left very sad. The enormity of both space and time of the universe has left me feeling very insignificant.
I feel ya man. Seeing galaxy after galaxy does something to your brain. Cause you know that just one Galaxy is unfathomable. Heck the earth is unfathomable. Heck I'm unfathomable. But it's times like these that I'm glad I'm a Christian. The bitter taste of beholding the greatness of the universe that ignores little ole' me becomes sweet when I know it's creator died on a tree.
+Tucker i feel simular but in the way that these objects are so far away that we'll never get to see them 1st hand. but it is also amazing how much we knowledge we can get about these objects from our viewpoint on earth.
what is interesting is that the bible says the heavens will be rolled up and a new heaven created. that term rolled up is fascinating cos it is the opposite of what the universe is doing ie expanding.
If someone in the Middle Ages had fully understood the enormity and scale of the solar system, the distance just from the earth to the moon would have seemed unimaginable. And now we've sent probes out beyond the heliopause.
With some sort of mechanism to provide constant acceleration or maybe taking advantage of wormholes, it's possible one day humans could travel between galaxies in a single human lifetime (it sounds ridiculous but due to general relativity it's completely true WITH a constant acceleration). Of course, by then we'll be AI's, but still it's cool to imagine.
Go on a good hike and look over the landscape, you will feel insignificant.
Such a good feeling
Get over it. You are.
thanks for the excellent videos.... @ 10:45 to 11:23 - please see Halton Arp's theory "Intrinsic RedShift"; an alternate explanation of redshift, and yes indeed with dire consequences for the established bigbang/expansion angle.
+ɥɔɐǝʎqǝpısʎʇʇɐɯʎʇʇɐɯ Very interesting. The debate ought to heat up over time. I know other respected astronomers who want to see this effect analysed more closely.
Thanks Mr. Butler for the fine video. Regarding NGC 7603 and the redshift result compared to NGC 7603B; has this anomaly been observed at other locations? What does this mean for using red shift as part of the distance ladder?
The simulation of the Andromeda-Milky Way collision at the end is something that I have never seen anywhere else. Where did you get it? I LOVE it!
amazing video. the simulations at the end were great. how do those two galaxies with the quasars challenge the current big bang model?
+IrrepressibleGuile Mr Irrepressible We determine distance via redshift with the understanding that the redshift has the one cause (i.e. the velocity of the receding object). If there is another cause, it could change our understanding about the size of the universe and the acceleration of its expansion. These two items are key to the reverse engineering that gave us the big bang.
I think astronomers need to look into this more deeply. Accidental alignment is real, but some quasars might just be redshifting via a different mechanism. I'm wait to see more data myself. But a new reason for a redshift doesn't through out all existing redshift interpretations, it just requires more categorization of redshifts.
I love the music in this video especially the song that starts at 7:14
Where can I find the music in this video? I checked the website but I couldn't find anything.
+Tim Batchelor Conquest of Paradise Theme • Vangelis
You earned a subber!
thank you
Eli, I'm glad you like the videos. I am not an astronomer. Take a look at the short 4 min video "How far away is it 01 - Preface". It explains who I am.
D. B. For president.
Hi this was an awsome video david! I do have a question, how do we know how close Andromeda is to us now because it will still take the light millions of years to reach us and it would have moved. Thank you for all these videos! ☆♡
It's closing speed is around 400,000 km per hour. Multiply that time the number of hours in the light years it took the light we see to get here.
Typo Report
-The same audio issue I discovered in the Heliosphere video appears for a majority of this video
-At 3:50 "APR 142" -> "Arp 142"
-At 4:35 again, "APR 256" -> "Arp 256"
-12:55 "Wavelenth" -> "Wavelength"
-At 15:54 and 18:40 "V V" -> "VV" or "Arp 302"
-At 17:16 and 19:13 "V V" -> "VV" again
You have a keen eye for this editing work. Have you done it for others?
What about the 2 supermassive black holes in each galaxy? They tend to collide
David Butler, Where did you get the simulation of the collision of the Andromeda Galaxy and Milky Way ? I love that simulation but I could not find it on the internet. I am referring to the simulation that makes Andromeda Red and the Milky Way Blue. Where did you find it? pls respond a day from now.mBTW i am interested in astronomy.
Universe Sandbox 2, maybe?
I have a question, if time and space is expanding and galaxies are all moving away from each other, why are they some of them still colliding? I know I could be mixing up concepts myself.
5 Billion.....I can hardly wait" 😋⭐
Couple of colliding questions. Are we able to see any changes in colliding galaxies if we compare imagery taken over, say, a 5 year period? It seems that for a time, the interaction is all based on gravity, and as approximation occurs, other forces take precedent. Radiation itself pushes matter around. I hope at some point you'll do a piece on the actual materials of these worlds, and what they were and what they become. You did cover some of this, showing how a double star explosion produces the materials needed for life. And just how the gases and dust collect to form stars considering their distribution really needs a program all it's own.
+sclogse1 A 5 year look at something millions of trillions of miles away wouldn't be enough to see a measurable change.
I get it. Because the scale of what we can see at those distances is so vast, movement in them, even at some unreal speed, wouldn't show up. I read everything I've got on gravity waves this morning. I'm sure I'll come up with some crackpot question soon....
ACCORDING TO YOUR COMPUTER MODELS... CAN YOU IDENTIFY THE APPROXIMATE POSITON OF OUR SOLAR SYSTEM AT POINT OF INTERSECTION AND POST INTERSECTION OF THE ANDRAMEDA GALLAXY??
So Halton Arp''s work remains relevant! It isn't all recessional velocity?
Voice 👌.
cognizance in area clearly visible
on the mystery of ngc 7603b red shift. i believe that astronomers fail to recognise that red shift is not only caused by a galaxy moving away, but also by energy production/higgs boson interaction. they not only move away, they also make atoms and light, both of which require space. kinda like a rocket in all directions but more like an open faucet.
Cool!
Beautiful UNIVERSE
Ur not wrong
Здравствуйте Мистер Тайсон какого числа и в какое время вы записали рекламу? Спасибо.
Couldn't NGC 7603A be travelling towards us fast, and interacting with NGC 7603B which is travelling away fast. They are in the same position roughly, but travelling in opposite directions. If v=cz, then 17,687 km/s and 8,69 km/s
plane and simple, without any complication and trying to sound smart...made that anyone can understand.
Dedica opasno objasnjava skoro sam svaki video odgledao,legenda :)
@@ScorpioN-mm5pd па нема да га тупи и развлачи као поједини 😊
@@anastasijajelic3298 Tako je hahah,samo da te pitam odakle si? koji grad?
@@ScorpioN-mm5pd Неготин...ти?
Hello David. I appreciate the point about the probability of stars colliding when galaxies interact. But what about the supermassive black holes at the centers of interacting galaxies? A singularity is a hard thing for me to grasp. I think I have seen simulations of the Andromeda -- Milkyway interaction that show the black holes merging (does it even make sense to say that singularities collide?). Is there enough gravity to make a black hole merger more likely than the improbable star collisions when galaxies interact? Would two singularities merge to make one larger singularity with a larger Schwazchild radius? Is that how black holes grow? From mergers with other black holes? Thanks.
+Steven Dixon Steven, You are correct. Black holes will merge and merging black holes will have a larger Schwarzschild radius.
Mr. Butler, I have a question, although the sun might not survive till then, but if it survives, is it possible that at the time of collision between Milky way and andromeda, it may get ejected out from the merger and Sun may end up roaming around in the empty space (without any host galaxy)?????
It happens. But the odds are against it - a hundred billion to one.
The Milky Way is smaller, but we could take a chunk of Andromeda and run off with it.
That's an interesting bit of information I hadn't heard before-galaxies have legs.
Cool Breeze, I think you meant “More Massive”.
6:45 - Many of you will have heard about the Wow! signal; that's a Wow! image!!
Won't lie!! I just ""Wow'd"" out loud!!
Hi David! Do you have any personal thoughts on the conundrum of 7603A and 7603B? In a way its exciting to know that knowledge is incomplete, but it's uncomfortable also.
Allen Smith It looks too tied together to be a coincidence. Their might be a second way to achieve re-shift. More study is needed.
wow...the implications of another way to achieve red shift ! We wouldn't be living in a Hubble anymore.