Inductors Explained - The basics how inductors work working principle
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- čas přidán 9. 05. 2024
- Inductors Explained, in this tutorial we look at how inductors work, where inductors are used, why inductors are used, the different types. We take an in depth look at how the circuits perform with a parallel resistive and inductive load as well as their profile with an oscilloscope.
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boost converter, circuit theory, circuit analysis lectures, electrical engineering, capacitance
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These videos are more entertaining in the voice of a Bruce
Paypaul*
so why can't we use a capacitor instead of inductor?
You made it so easy 👍
Do you also take Bitcoin? Donations are great but I’d rather avoid using those PayPal scumbags.
That water wheel analogy is the best analogy I ever heard of. Great work.
When I explain electricity I usually use water since it's a good analog.
agree, best analogy.
the pipes can have more water on one side of the load and less water on the other side, and that drags the water along so the turbulent flow in the lightbulb generates light
@@official-obama laminar flow gang
👏
Qualified electronic and electrical engineer here with 25 years experience. All I can say is I wish you were my college lecturer 25 years ago. These videos are brilliantly explained. Well done
I'm also with more or less the same number of years. I don't think so. Please comment on my comments.
@@laplacetransform3118 instead of waiting for "comment on comments" , just tell where the video is wrong and how we can improve concept explanation. 🤔
@@lkm250 You’re not the creator anyway, so you can’t just tell us how we can improve this video, when you’re not even the creator.
Electrical Engineering concept: exists. Professors/Teacher: „I want you to think about water first“
😂💯
Hydraulic engineering teachers: think about electronics
Incredibly good analogy, why use anything other than water.
"Be like water, my friend." ~Bruce Lee
What is thermodynamics
I am a pediatrician. Just stumbled across this while trying to wire a relay. I wish I had a teacher like you 25 years back. I would have become an engineer. Excellent video!
no you wouldn't
Halle Julia bruh
@@hallejulia5657 why not?
me too ...
@@hallejulia5657 lol
Perfect video your next one should be about how capacitance reactance and inductance work together
Thanks, yeah I'll add it to the list
Excelent idea!!
Well, reactance and impedance are mathematical concepts. They have certain physical meaning, but not much.
Yes please add this! That would be great to begin understanding the applications of these components working in combination
Yes please add it
Bro, you are making me study my schooling again after 15 years.
me after 35 years
@@memeagain4106crazy
Great explanations! You might add that inductance can be tricky to measure because inductors tend to be one of the more "imperfect" components we typically deal with in electronics. Inductors often include a lot of resistance.
Paul. I have to say, you do the BEST job in explaining electrical/electronic components etc.! By FAR, the most thorough regarding function, construction and application explanations. This "Yank" loves your work! Keep it going my friend!
Patrick
The best explanation imaginable. These things must take some time to put together. A big thanks!
Thanks MegaSquiff, they take an insane amount of time!
i you'd take a little time to answer to us humans it would be great.
so what is the purpose of this inductor??
@@razen4758 Most common practical uses of inductor are as filters, like low pass filters, so they filtered out higher frequencies(inductors are known that with higher frequencies they become like resistors for current flow because of opposed magnetic field.. More advance use of inductors for example is transformers where magnetic field of first primar inductor(coil) go through wires of second secondar inductor and generate lower voltage current of same frequency. Also lately there are very popular inductor cooktops, where they use energy of electro magnetic field, to generate heat on right cookware, where coockware presenting resistance to that magnetic field, so they heating up.
Check out NEW resistor video, everything covered! ➡️ czcams.com/video/DYcLFHgVCn0/video.html
Your water wheel analogy of an inductor is brilliant! Further, I admire and respect your ability to explain things in simple terms without dumbing it down. Graphics are fantastic, by the way.
Where were you and your videos when I was completing my engineering! 😣 Inductance and Capacitance was something I never fully grasped during my academics! Here now I can literally visualise how things work there.. Thanks a lot for sharing such amazing knowledge 😀😊
I love how these videos are easy to understand with their analogous explanations. That is true genius. Well done!
I recently re-ignited my passion for computer engineering (and electricity altogether). Your recent videos couldn't have come at a more convenient time.
For some reason I've been struggling with AC principles and semiconductors but I guess its because I'm a tactile learner and I like a nice quiet environment when I'm learning. Time to binge watch some more videos!
Thank you for these videos. I envy the kids of this decade who can learn straight from you instead of staring at the textbook and trying to understand what the hell this means and what did the tired uninterested teacher even say. Anyway, even many years later it's so refreshing to finally grasp the basics and open the door to a better understanding of the world we live in. Getting closer to watching Feynman's lectures and not feeling like an idiot :) not to mention lots of fun with DIY projects (IoT, robotics, etc.).
I'm glad youtube suggested this series to me, I've seen several technical explanations of various components but these make it so much easier to understand. Great job.
when i watched the first minute, i'm too excited to learn. Your channel completed my life already
After 50 years of struggling to get this... you have turned on my switch! Very well laid out and I get it now. I'm studying for my ham radio liscence, you should get with the ARRL and become a part of their schooling of students. So much of ham radio is getting a" soft" electrical engineering degree. I'm grateful to your work.
Thanks, Paul! One of the best explanations of an Inductor I've ever seen. Thanks for the effective analogy and diagram. Very helpful. Anyone learning about circuit elements should take a look at this.
I have not yet heard all the important parts of Inductors put together so well as you did here.
Bravo !
I am constantly telling my newbies to watch all the videos on this channel. Absolutely amazing job. I love the graphics with your explanation over top of them. Thank you
I saw this channel 2 days ago. Now it's my favorite channel. Thank you for making such informative videos.
Great explanation about what it does in isolation, but an integration example would be very helpful. How is it used in a DC transformer? etc. I think this is the only thing that is missing from your great videos about electronics. Thanks!
huh? since when can transformer run on DC lol
@@Saadkhan-th4bz They're talking about buck/boost converters, as mentioned in the video
I really enjoy how you break down the subject and each component and easily explain with good detailed graphics. Thank you!
Everytime I need one of these physics gizmos explained... I search and there The Engineering Mindset is, saving the day 😎
Bravo sir excellent work👏🏽👏🏽
This is an absolutely fantastic video, love the demonstrations and simple explanations. Great work!
I’m an electrician apprentice. All of these videos are super helpful for my learning process. Thanks!!
Very well explained. As a retired electrician and electronics enthusiast I watch many, many of similar videos to better myself to teach my grandchildren about science and physics and having fun with experiments. Your video is wonderful for that task. Thank you.
.,
Best video out there explaining inductors, really straightforward and layman's terms :)
*doesnt use conventional current
Me, I like this guy
Lol I hate conventional current. It doesn't make sense to me
Agree
Thor: I like this one
That’s the difference between a technician and a technologist. My dad was a technical guy and taught me electron flow. But when I studied to be an electronic engineer, my professor, Dr. Ludeman, taught conventional flow. He has a saying when questioned about this, “I’ve never seen the color of an electron.” (He has a PhD in physics.) What he means is why does it matter if you can think both ways and easily switch between either?
let's make our endless multi level-high current battery
The best basic electronics video series I've ever seen, thanks for the good work 👏🏻👏🏻
Very good input. I, for the first time ever in my career of 15 years learnt inductors so easily and comprehended things bit by bit. I too checked your video on capacitor. Great WORK with visual animation.
Long live dear!
I have lost word to praise this guy’s all videos. Explaining with examples is unbelievable n easy to understand to any level of electronic knowledge or none. Thx mate
after watching 23212 videos and read 44523 articles I finally understand everything
this video is truly a treasure thanks to the creator of this channel for providing these kinds of content
we appreciate your effort thanks
Why am I paying $10,000+ dollars on my college education when I can learn with this quality...
Hats off dude🔥🔥😃😃
Cuz you don't get a little paper saying "diploma" on it from watching CZcams videos. Sadly employers and immigration care a lot about it.
Your presentation is very good.
You have a knack for explaining in a clear and concise manner, with no room for confusion. Great job. Subscribed :)
This is a really good explanation of what an inductor is and what it does, however, they(inductors) as well as capacitors act different with DC as they do with AC and have different applications with both types of voltage sources. Inductors are a short circuit to DC and have resistance to AC (reactance) while capacitors have totally opposite properties and are resistive within DC circuits bit offer low resistance paths(i.e. SHORTS) to AC voltage sources. In AC circuits, this property is called either inductive reactance Xl = 2*pi*F*L , or capacitive reactance Xc =1/(2*pi*F*C). Caps and inductors are typically used together in series and parallel combinations to form different types of filters such as band pass, band reject, and high or low pass filters(depending on how they're connected to the circuits output either allowing a freq range to pass to the output and on to another stage, or route the tuned freq of the tank circuit to ground to act as a filter, OR, as an oscillator . When combined with resistors, the total combined effect is called impedance, denoted by the symbol Z and is the square root of the sum of R squared plus X Squared .
You sir, are a gentleman and a scholar. Hopefully your comment gets to the top to more fully cover this topic and prevent fires.
Good explanation. The reason for this behavior is explained at 5:53. I wish these details of reactance, AC vs DC, and applications were added.
Edit:
For those learning, DC has no change in current so inductor just passes current along and acts like a wire. AC has a change of current so the inductor opposes the change and acts more like a resistor. Inductor is like a frequency dependent resistor XL=jwL=imaginary number*frequency*inductance.
That's a basics videos but yeah, AC impedence wasn't covered here, or voltage spikes when you abruptely disconnect a coil when charged
Check out NEW resistor video, everything covered! ➡️ czcams.com/video/DYcLFHgVCn0/video.html
Great video
Pls cover all electronic components thx
Thanks
@@EngineeringMindset lmao
Interesting how you demonstrate both capacitors and inductors with DC. I have a tendency to always think that capacitors are for amperes as inductance is for volts. Never seen the water wheel theory before but it's good. Looking forward to seeing your tutorials when you talk about inductance on AC
Salute to you. ✨✨✨✨✨✨✨
for the 1st time I have seen Inductor working at this Depth
I love your video! More of this please since I’m going to take the licensure exams for Electronics Engineers in the Philippines on April 2020. Thank you!
No one:
Inductors and capacitors: “No You” “No You”
Hehe
I haven't seen such a nice explanation in my whole life.
Really thank you, i'm gonna subscribe to your channel right now , check it.
This is one of the best explanation and instructive CZcams channel I've ever known; thank you very much!
This is the best explanation I've watched so far 💯 People like you are the lantern of physics ✌️
I love you so much for using electron flow convention. Every damn video out there uses conventional one and it drives me nuts.
Get ready for a shock. Electron flow is not what actually happens in a circuit. It's just as 'wrong' as conventional current. Ask any quantum physicist.
@@silasfatchett7380 grt ready to be shocked, conventional flow is wrong but the calculations are the same
Great explanation and analogy on the operation of inductor! However, I'd like to point out something that I've noticed in most lecture, that is they always provide a current path for inductor when the switch is off. One critical factor for using an indicator is to also understand what happens if a current path is not provided and what the consequences are. I've noticed many people using inductor without knowing what "kickback voltage spike" is. It would be best if the video includes this part as well.
Yes we used to make electric shock machines in our lunchboxes at school using choke coils out of old TV sets (cathode ray ones). We would have two handles instead of the bulb. A 9v batter and a switch. The collapsing field generated such a high voltage that you could get a circle of kids with the one at each end holding one handle each, to all jump from an electric shock. No idea what the voltage was... we just thought it was hilarious.
Your videos has helped me a lot in my study here in Iceland. Thank you!
i am watching these videos alongside my regular lessons to kinda get a better idea of what all of these components do outside of math equations, it has been fairly helpful so far so thanks!
I've studied capacitors, inductors in the past when It comes to audio speaker building. Thanx for the info. 🎵
...and that wonderful electrical term 'impedance'!
Thanks for the videos. In the future, could you do a video on how a Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CVT) works?
Love the hydraulic analogy illustration. As an electrical guy who has to explain electrical concepts to mechanical guys all the time, I can’t overstate how useful the hydraulic analogy is.
well explained...explaining the intricies of electronics is not easy, but this explanation is well presented...55 years as a lecturer in all things electrical I wish I had you with me. I will, in my retirement, follow all your work...Thank you
Great video! Your channel has really helped me learn electrical components and electricity in a fundamental way.
Glad to hear
A big big thanks pal.This is by far one of the clearest explanations of inductor I have ever seen.
That was one of the best descriptions with the water wheel and a reducer and pump as a description very visual very helpful
Truely remarkably good video ! Inductors are complex, for usually its a coil with a current that creates the magnetic field. and other times its an Antenna recieving a magnetic field, creating a current . An inductor stores a magnetic field. The Volt is instant but the Ampere is Delayed and ramp slowly, fade in, once the switch is in. Switch opens and the current fades out in a ramp over time. Just opposite of a Capacitor, where the Ampere charges first, steep. but the Voltage rises in a slow ramp . Phase Compensation . Henry in a coil would be the same concept as Farads in a cap. Its energy stored is one thing, but the Time it takes to deplete the energy is depending on the resistance of the circuit with load . The magnetic field in a coil would deplete even if both coil ends are completly removed from any circuit, because its driven by the current. Once the current is removed from a coil, it takes time for it to fade out, time for the electrons to settle, the time sequence to reach ground state or Quantum Inertia ! depending on L = henry . I suppose you can call that eddy currents as well as Back EMF, as well as self inductance.
p
I was confused at first, thinking "isn't this what capacitors are supposed to do?" But capacitors resist changes in voltage, not current. And I now understand the difference much better. Capacitors build up a charge, the charge remains when the battery is disconnected, but the voltage difference is still there, now provided by the capacitor instead of the battery. For an inductor, the magnetic field the generate keeps existing for a little while, and this magnetic field induces a current in the wire when the battery is disconnected, thus keeping the current going for a little while longer until the battery collapses. Thus capacitors provide voltage, and inductors provide current.
Check this out, how a battery works: czcams.com/video/PXNKkcB0pI4/video.html
@@EngineeringMindset please make a video about tank circuits
The oscillator visualization really helped bring home the point. Great video!
One of the best video I have ever seen
Keep it up
Thank you
9:50 I think u misspelled LCR meter into RLC meter.. but I liked the animation and the way you described it ..Good Job Dear thx..
Forget College and watch these videos,awesome demonstrations and explanations.
Paul is great at explaining everything ,I have been an electrical engineer for 30 years and watching the videos have been my best teacher.
How facinating is it to understand electricity with mechanics.. That metal fan was surely a perfect example of an inductor..👍
I never thought I'd miss the days of AP physics
The last slide you had “LCR” in the text. Doesn’t really take away from this great video explanation, though.
Simply the Best video explaining some of the fundamentals of Induction.
Thank you, sir, for your video. Takes me back to my electronic engineering days. You are an excellent teacher.
I've met an inductor called a saturable reactor and it was shocking , literally
Try messing with a current transformer like a heavy bar with a few hundred turns of
wire wrapped over it, a BIG voltage increase for sure.
Thanks for this explanation. Can I ask for the examples of usage to be explained as to "how" those applications are realized, for example filtering. How does inductance realize filtering? That was the bit that was missing for me. Also, the relationships of inductance to other phenomena would help understanding on how these can be put together to form a circuit with some function
yeah, that was one of the things I was wondering as well. Case in point is the role of inductors in speaker crossovers.
The best I have ever seen.
Been in electronics for 38 years.
Best video i’ve seen on inductance so far.
1:45 The proper Electron flow direction can be a confusing idea to some in the beginning. It helped me to think of the "hot" or "+" side as being like a vacuum drawing up the electrons.
Or u could think of it as opposite charges attract so + side on battery is attracting the -ve electrons....
The water analogy is definiteely accurate.
awesome videos. So glad I found it, at the end of my Intro to electrical engineer course :D. Thanks again.
I am going through all your videos. The amount i learnt from you in unbelievable. You are a legend Paul.
Wait does the electron flow to the bulb reverse when the power source is disconnected from the circuit? Wouldn't that cause problems if the component had a certain polarity?
If it's a light bulb designed for an AC system then it's already used to current that's constantly changing direction.
I think it would cause problems for components that need DC. However I'm pretty sure that inductors are often used in series with the load, unlike the example in this video where the inductor is parallel to the load, and causes the current to change direction when the battery is disconnected.
What I am not grasping is what is the purpose? why do we need an inductor in a circuit? The more I learn about electronic components, the less I know about them it seems. I understand how it works, but why is it needed?
Same here
Honestly it's kind of the same for me. What I got from this is that an inductor basically acts the same as a resistor and a capacitor combined, so the only reason to use it would be to save space I guess? The only difference to a cap and res combo would be the way it reduces the flow, since it acts as a resistor while and after being charged, therefore not delivering the full power while connected, but then acts a cap and gives the stored energy back, whereas a resistor would constantly resist the same way and the cap not really interefering much with the current. It's confusing indeed
To store energy and help the process.
Watch the pump part a few times.
Don't like to type on my phone, but it isn't that difficult to understand.
Don't over think it.
Inductors allow to store energy for converters to work (buck, boost). They can be used as a low pass filter (remember its impedance is jwL, greater for higher frequencies because a greater variation in magnetic flux generates a higher voltage that oposses it), for example it can avoid high frequencies from noise from reaching the voltage source by making the path to it have a greater impedance for high frequencies that the path you want to redirect them to. And well obviously as a part of a transformer which has multiple uses.
The problem is that what we call "electronics" is in reality just various applications of Theoretical Physics - and the physics behind these devices is generally quite complex. Sadly, to really understand what and why one needs a solid background in University level Physics. And even then, some of the phenomenae have multiple theoretical models for their explanation! Simple explanations based on analogies to other better known physical systems such as plumbing and water have limited usefulness and can often lead to false assumptions regarding real-world circuits...
A very big thanks to you guys,the explanation by using example of a pump,was very understandable.
I hadn't finish the video yet but already thumps up to your video.
Thanks
You explained so well that any one can understand easily. My pleasure to see your videos for the first time.
Hey Paul, can you make a video about how the diesel generator work? Im talking about excitation system, avr and so on. Thank you:)
Oh yes this is definitely coming, be for a while though.
I am really enjoying these videos. I work in the power industry (steam generation side) and I've always been mystified about how the electrical side works. Having said that, I used to work for the railroad as a locomotive engineer operating DC/DC diesel electric locomotives. I never really understood why the locomotives had to make transition (change the electrical connection between the generator and traction motors) as the speed changed. Something to do with back EMF, but it was never really explained.
You made a great analogy, but you didn't explain why I would want an inductor in a circuit.
Just crystal clear approach of teaching. Great work and great analogy
This 10 minute video explained inductors much better than my textbook thank you!
The old water analogy. Yes, it helps but I got it backwards once and flooded my basement when I cut a pipe to stop the flow.
lmaoooo
me: god help us.
youtube: recommended
Great explanation ...This video just cleared all my concepts of inductor.Thank you.
Simply The Best explanation of inductor I have ever seen !
"LRC METER"
BUT IN VIDEO WRITTEN "LCR"
The reactance of a inductor would be invisible from the power from a battery
Thank you! Great video, just would love to see practical applications in a circuit and why they are used in say a power supply. Great explanation! Keep it going my friend 👍
Thank you a lot dude, till the day before yesterday I didn’t knew that I’m interested in electronics. I’m honestly even think about picking this up as my future job!
I love how you explain this you’re better at explaining than any teacher that I ever had ( had at least 2 or 3 pretty god ones, not the norm xD )
*summary:*
- an *inductor* is a component in a circuit that stores energy in a magnetic field, and can quickly release it
- the water wheel analogy is excellent to think of as an inductor (it takes time to "start up", and when current is shut off, it will keep current moving till it loses "inertia")
- moving electrons generates a magnetic field (thus electrons moving in a wire produces a magnetic field)
- putting wire in a coil causes a bigger magnetic field to be generates
- inductors have "current inertia" (they don't like change in current - if current is trying to increases, they will make it harder for that to happen by "sucking up" some of the current as an increase electromagnetic field, if current is trying to decrease, they will add current - but this uses up some of the energy stored in its magnetic field)
- inductors "smooth" out the start and stop of current
- inductors in circuit boards often have a casing to shield other components from its magnetic field
An inductor stores energy in the magnetic field, not an electric field. Capacitors store energy in the electric field.
@@shayanmoosavi9139 Thanks! I corrected it :)
Do a video explaining the dangers of using an O-scope and how not to shock yourself.
Mark Cuckerberg there is no danger at using a oscilloscope. You’ve spelled your name wrong
Don't use the imperative; you're not his boss...
@@AlexandruVatamanu it's intentionally misspelled dummy.
Oh and yes they are extremely dangerous if you dont know what you're doing. My electrical teacher years ago told us a story of hoe he ended up in the hospital because he got a severe shock from one of the probes.
So next time before speaking do some research and educate yourself.
Your work and explanation is amazing. Thank you :)
one of the best videos that I have ever seen
thank you keep doing good things
Doesn't a collapsing magnetic field cause a voltage spike before it goes out?
Only if it can't maintain the current
kimrkarl go to sleep
yes it does. that's why it's used in boost converters.. he did not cover that..
No, read up on a transient response
The magnitude of voltage produced by a changing magnetic field is directly proportional to its rate of change. Abruptly disconnecting the battery --> abrupt change in coil current --> momentarily high rate of magnetic field change --> voltage spike.
RLC or LCR meter? commentary says one, video indicates the other! otherwise great vid, thanks
Commonly known as an LCR Meter Brother...
Noticed that too
Real Life Cam
Doesnt bother. They sell you the same one whether you ask for LCR , RCL, ,,,,,
i really like your analogies, thanks for helping me understand electricity
I love this video, explaining electricity using the hydraulic analogy has been the only way I understand it
4:00 Be careful, that is actually a short circuit in steady state (when the inductor no longer offers resistance to current.)
I was thinking the same.
@@M4kkMester In theory, in steady state the circuit is literally invalid; you have a voltage source (battery) connected to itself, which by KVL produces the equation Vs = 0, where Vs is the voltage of the battery, which of course is not true. (In real life, there's always resistance, and the result is a huge current.)
Adding a resistor in series with the source to limit the cureent would not be a good idea, because the load (lamp) would still be in shortcircuit, thus its current would be 0. A better solution would be to add a resistor in series with the inductor, though this would waste energy.
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