Making Concentrated (68%) Nitric Acid
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- čas přidán 21. 03. 2016
- Hello! In this video we will be making 68% (azeotropic) nitric acid. This is standard lab grade stuff to do things like nitrations.
I am making the nitric acid because i need it to make mercury (II) thiocyanate (aka the Pharaoh's Serpent).
Doug's Lab video: • Nitric Acid Day!
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Nile talks about lab safety: • Chemistry is dangerous. - Věda a technologie
"it's also useful for making explosives"
*marks off another spot on my FBI watchlist bingo card*
*ASLO useful for?* That's like the main thing it does!
He definitely already has 60 bingos
Totally not the reason I searched for it
Just remember next time you buy online chemicals to take a couple cups of coffee out to that unmarked van in front of the neighbours.
Combine with Aniline for a special surprise
watching niles older videos and comparing them to his newer videos is fun, he’s gotten so much more comfortable with us. love you nile
@@ithecasticdon't worry thats just his crippling caffeine addiction taking over
0:49 "I don't really plan on making any videos on explosives"
Ex&F: Mmmm yes, it's free real estate
Can someone please explain why Nile's videos are so calming? ha
+sobbe07 haha i never thought they would be calming
+Nile Red Maybe it's just me hah
It's a very calm voice.
+Nile Red If you had an ASMR channel you would probably have a million Subs. Perfect ASMR Voice!
Meant as a compliment of course, not sarcasm etc. You have a really great voice
Because his video's have a calm formal instructional vibe to them.
Who thinks the round bottom flask looks a bit like Jupiter at 2:34 ?
Same pinch
yes, there is even a "Big Red Spot" (of NO2).
196Stefan2 Of nitrogen dioxide?
In the round flask of course, not on Jupiter. It's upper atmoshere consists of many different compounds, but NO2 isn't there in a remarkable concentration.
I was about to say that.
Hey,
I'm from Germany and love your videos because they are still understandable although I'm not the best in english. Also you promoted my interest in chemistry because now I'm able to understand more of the processes during a reaction especialy because in school we aren't allowed to do almost all experiments which may be funny ( Germany... ) :). I like too that you speak clear and not to slow or fast, that you put pictures of the reactions to the top (or somewhere else) is good. So go on, please!!!
+Jafd Dfea I am very glad that you enjoy it. I am happy to know that they are easy to understand :)
its weri gud juh faund gugl translätor 😂
@@NileRed
Hey, im a great Fan of your Channel, also from Germany and have a simple question, hope you can help me with it:
I liked to make some nitration acid and read about it from mixing sulfuric acid with nitric acid (in ratio 2:1 - 1:2).
I got sulfiric acid (94-96%) and nitric acid (60%), is it possible to mix this to make nitration acid in a good concentraition? in what ratio should i mix it?
Hope you can help me, i realy Like to Support you in the future, only of cause your cannel i manneged to isolate a bit Bromine :D
Thanks and go on, you make a really good job!
Hope you know waht i mean, the translation is not that easy for me,
in german: nitric acid is Salpetersäure. But i need the spesific nititon acid for nitrations in german: Nitrirsäure and i do not know the english synonyme...
Hallo, auch Deutsch :D?
I’m so glad that you do chemistry and post videos. I’d love to be able to do reactions, reductions,and distillations but I’m bad enough at cooking! Let alone something that I or someone else could get hurt with! Thank you, Sir.
When you did the last distillation, i started to look up what the fractional column did since i'd seen it in other (later) videos as well. I laughed when i came back to the video and you actually explained it immediately after i unpaused! Love your videos!
You inspire me to learn more about chemistry. The way you explain everything as well as the way you demonstrate each procedure. Job well done and worth watching every minute.
Your videos really make me want to get into chemistry.
+Sentinalh Do it, its worth it.
+1HeartCell True!
they got me into it! got two distalation sets with the vigruex columns and a Graham condenser and of course the Liebig condensers with 500ml round bottom flasks and 250ml also it's only 24/29 and I think the 24/40 is stronger. what do you think?
+Cannagorilla Canna In Russia we don't have 24/29 and 24/40 at all. 14/23 and 29/32 are common, lol, and we don't bother with chossing the right one. It depends mostly on the size of your setup.
Well, ebay or a good connect in the states can help you. What are you looking for?
I watch these videos because they’re informal and calming, and half the time at the middle of the night when I can’t sleep, like a lullaby
the copper looked amazing! with the gas wow!
Nitric Acid be looking like Jupiter.
Fun stuff, I like how it turns basically anything into explosives.
I play your videos every morning drive to work. It’s how I ease my nerves.
After taking an organic chem lab course as well as 2 organic chem courses i find these videos a lot more understandable and i can even go with the reaction :D
pls make more content, i literally can't sleep without listening to a nile red video and i almost know them off by heart 😂 love your content!!!!!!
The thumbnail looked like Saturn or Jupiter... Cooooooooool
Wow, I agree!
We use it in lithography to etch stones and in Intaglio to etch copper plates.
Interesting, thanks!
its great to revisit this!
thank you so much. Your videos really make me want to get into chemistry.
Fantastic video man!! I'd love to see the new Pharaoh's serpent on a large scale.
After doing this last night, I can add one thing. Run a vacuum. I used a cheap vacuum into a trap with some hydrogen peroxide in it expecting some NO2 gas. I had none. My initial reaction came out crystal clear, and the temp required was lower (of course). I got a 37% HNO3 out of the reaction. I started to distill (fractional) again using vacuum getting a bunch of water around 72c. I didn't get to finish it out before I had to pack it up, but again, no NO2 and I'm up to 47%.
Another top notch vid 👨🏻🔬👨🏻🏫👍👍
Love these videos. Inspiring me for my job as science teacher. I wonder, why did you not just end the final fractional destillation once the water had come over? Where there not only aesotrophic HNO3 left? Greetings from Robin, Sweden.
man the glassmakers making all these different flasks/jars/distillators in one continous glass piece amaze me.
I dig that higher mic quality lately.
I like your videos, well explained and not like some that rambles on. keep up the good work.
Thanks for the video! Where did you get you heating mantle?
Nilered,por favor dá um video ensinando a sintetizar ácido sulfônico,amida 60 e lauril éter sulfato de sódio
You can also just use battery acid, no organic inhibitors and generally cheeper at hardware stores. Typically 80% and up too.
that's sulfuric acid
You make the best videos.
1 experiment is better than 100 theoretical explainations, I missed these in my childhood.
in the end, I was expecting "again, here's a list of videos that I'm currently editing and list of videos that I plan to film..."
You should get a pycnometer for measuring density. They are pretty cheap and can be very accurate.
Important about fractional distillation with a vigreux column! Only insulate if your desired product is the final known component and aluminum foil is not efficient insulation. Always use a combination of wool wrapped in foil
Use mineral wool ONLY and not cotton wool, which could lead to explosion.
can you please tell me where did you buy the stands to hold the glassware
Love your videos! So basically if you did not hear the mixture and let it sit for a long time - you would achieve the mixture of sulphate solution and nitric acid. If you don’t mind impurities - could you just use that mixture as a weak nitric to avoid distillation?
you should make a video about your home lab. I'm thinking of making one myself. Love the vids btw
backtrack5_pro I have made on my channel
I think it's his voice, it's calming.
I know somewhere he talks about helping put kits together. Im mostly interested in nitriting and recover
williamson's book on 'organic experiments' , 3'd ed. in Chap. 5 mentions a distillation packing material for a column called 'copper sponge (Chore Boy is its commercial name ). its surface area adds
many many more equilibrium stages to the distilling process for more refined separation
and your demo with the penny woke me up to the fact that distilling azeo' HNO3 would not be a suitable application for any of this copper sponge material.
Yer' a wizard, Nile!
It can also be used as plant fertilizer.
Nice way of making some nitric acid 👍🏻
That doggo in your profile looks tired. 🗿
YESSS NEW VID!!
Can you make a video of setting up the the chemistry apparatus? What I mean is, where things go, why they are there? Heat? Cold? What are those hoses for? How hot does the solution need to be? Best way to heat it? What kinds of equipment should one upgrade to? Like do some of these pieces not stand up to the acids?
every nileRed is masterpiece
I thought u needed copper for this reaction unless for generating the gas maybe yep most likely :) great vid
Been experimenting with ammonium nitrate, as far as I can tell it doesn't react with high concentration sulphuric acid at low temperatures ~0 C, while potassium nitrate does.
How abaut TNT?
@@prinzeugenvansovoyen732 tnt is overrated
@@fudes587yep, awkward to make in small amounts and the nitration is long and can be dangerous. Good for melt casting with nitroguanidine compounds to increase density though.
The revival petrifition fluid!!!!
Could you redistill the 68% acid over sulphuric acid to make the more concentrated fuming nitric acid?
Is it possible to omit the water in order to purify the nitrate acid without fractional distillation
8:18 "Once only a very small amount of distillate is left" - I think you mean still residue here, i.e. in the originating flask, rather than in the receiving flask.
these videos always makes me curious if these things happen naturally on some other planets
Hey Nile!! Huge fan here!! Are you canadian by any chance?? french writing on your sulfuric acid bottle gave it away... where from? quebec city here
Hi Nile, I am wondering why you add water to the simple distillation?
If you have Sodium Nitrate, NaNO3, aka Chilean Saltpeter, you can use 339g of it in place of 404g KNO3 or 320g NH4NO3, because each of these have almost exactly 247.5g of NO3 Ions by weight
NH4NO3 + H2SO4 =🎉
Can you use freezing (minus 40 C) to further concentrate nitric acid from the less-dense remaining H20?
hey nile, would it be possible to show the synthesis of chromium trioxide?
Why do you have do the last destillation step? Isn't it just transfering the hno3 from one flask to another, since most of the water was separated in the step before?
Do u have a link for the drain opener u used? Also would I be able to use a retort for this?
you mentioned making 100 percent h2so4. I would like to see that. though I don't know what to use it for. we have done fuming hno3. so here is a good challenge
The flask in the thumbnail kinda looks like a picture of Jupiter, with the multiple phases in Juputer-ish colors.
Will this work with sodium nitrate? I need aqua reagia for gold recovery asap..
9:37 Nice!
ooo i wikey vewy much thankeru!!!
Can you do a preparation of nitric acid by oxidising ammonia using a red hot copper wire as catalyst please?
I have a request that I bet others will enjoy. Can u slowmo the stirring when something gets added in flasks? I don’t know y, but watching whirlpools is so satisfying 2 me
Anhydrous Barium Nitrate (Calcium Nitrate works) and xs Sulfuric Acid. HNO3 in H2SO4.
you should do this using the Ostwald Process
Hello...New sub here! Enjoy your video's for sure! I'm new to gold refining but not new to gold prospecting. I'm currently jumping through the Aqua Regia method hoops. Can't get real nitric acid. So had to get substitute, Sodium Nitrate. Is using distilled water important or can I use purified water? Will I get the right percentage nitric acid for Aqua Regia in gold refining?
Do you ever make stuff that is destructive to the glassware, stir bar, or other equipment that you use?
If you are doing this without lab equipment simply take your weak nitric acid and run it again perhaps again after that. Not the most efficient way to do it but each time the nitric acid will get more concentrated. It is about maximizing the contact between the nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide. It will be less as effective each time though. Use a narrow pvc tube perhaps 1/4”. This will cause more bubbles agitating the hydrogen peroxide causing more contact. Use a narrow container too. The more narrow and tall the better. This will allow the nitric oxide to travel further before reaching the top releasing into the air. Plug the top of your container loosely to to semi vent it. This will allow a reaction to occur on the surface with the nitric dioxide that has been released. For some reason an ice bath also creates a better reaction.
@Nile or someone who knows. Is it possible to substitute the nitrate with a nitrite for hno3?
Mr.Red , if you inhale nitric acid fumes won't it build up in your lungs?
And do you use a respirator?
Can the potassium bisulfate be used for something like fertilizer? Or recovering sulfur from maybe?
Can u make a type of liquid silicone I’d also like liquid glass
What are the white deposits that collect on the lid of the nitric acid storage container?
When doing a distillation up to an azeotrope, why do you switch to a collection flask once you think you've hit the azeotrope? Wouldn't the boiler and every stage of the column be your product at that point? Other than that: great video. I know this is pretty old but I've been binging your videos and your channel is great. Keep it up.
Purity.
There would be a small amount of sulfuric acid and other reagents if you keep product at that stage. But depending on application that might be sufficient.
Once the flask is heated up it does not take that much energy to just let it to distill. It costs mostly time.
I'm curious, could you use a piranha solution. And wouldn't have to heat your solution as much.
Can you use a dry condenser as the vigruex column?
+Nile Red Where do you get your acid bottles?
This is a REALLY helpful video, thanks for that! Since my purpose for such chemicals are agricultural uses, I wonder: is there some simple way to turn the resulting potassium bisulfate (KHSO4) into potassium sulfate (K2SO4)?
Should be simple to do. For each mole of KHSO4 you can just add one mole of KOH or 2 moles of K2CO3.
Yea just add a molar excess of base to your bisulphate solution, should encourage the dissociation of that proton as they are used up
@@jonasstrzyz2469 ah yes. I understand. Star nosed moles or just a mole from the backyard
@@13_cmi
Your standard issue garden mole should suffice. I believe.
Can you make a video on how to get pure cyanuric acid from urea?
Anyway you would revisit this and instead use stump remover and drain cleaner?
what did you use to grease the joints?
Is it better to use H2O2 instead of water?
hello you could make a video of how to trinitrotoluene (TNT)
j@ NileRed i just got to ask, can you reverse a nitration, like can you make nitric acid out of TNT like you did with potassium nitrate by dissolving with sulfuric acid and heating it , the TNT might turn liquid since it melts at like 80°C , also TNT is astonishingly chemically resistant, almost like a polymer
The acid i buy is bright pink. It looks exactly like pink gatorade. I'm suprised they color it that way.
I like the NO3- group, but Cu beats you in its beautiful complexes, Schweitzer's reagent. =D
Jonas Strzyz Why not both? Copper nitrate is pretty, and it's used in the synthesis of RDX.
Both, but Copper(II)acetate is like blue/green permanganate... so in terms of beauty and not to forget Schweitzer's reagent, (dissolve cotton) good prank. I general, nitrogen is an amazing element, but Copper is a very aesthetically element and forms beautiful complexes, CuSO4 + 4 NH3. I do fancy the nitrate group in terms of its explosive potential, absolutely amazing how it blows you away and then liquid nitrogen, nice stuff.
Is there any reason you wouldn’t want to do a reflux instead of a fractional distillation to purify the nitric acid?
Which concentration of sulfuric acid has the drain cleaner?
Is the sulfuric acid in a car battery strong enough for this?
Hi bro. did you know which chemical used for making auto fire bond... Please reply if you know about that...
Thanks 🙏 A lot,
But I’d like to ask about; why do you put water with it ? If you want the purity?
Because he just wants concentrated acid, not the fuming acid. They are used for different things, so it's not impure if there's water in it.
Hey NileRed , it would be neat if you did this using the condensate of a condensing furnace . boiler , hot water heater ect . modem, aka condensing boilers have a condensate line that is very acidic with nitric acid and proved to cause issues where it contacts concrete or metal. I would be neat to see just how much is there, often quoted is 1 gallon of condensate for 100,000 btus of burn, so a boiler can make many gallons of weak nitric acid a day
It's very weak, because the solubility of those things is quite low in water at those temperatures. A majority of the low pH is actually from dissolved CO2. Modern boilers and furnaces use low NOx burners, so there's much less nitrogen oxides produced in the first place.
Senku's guide to making revival fluid
Not many dr stone comments
How do you prevent nitric acid from decomposing by light ? Since you didn't store it in a brown tainted bottle ?
So how is this different to making the fuming Nitric Acid? It looks like the same process but you yield different strengths?
What happens if you use regular fertilizer of KNO3, is it pure enough?
Works good. I use potassium or sodium nitrate