How World War 1 FINALLY Ended The Roman Empire
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- čas přidán 26. 07. 2024
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What we think of as the Roman Empire lasted from 27 BCE to 476 AD. But the end of the Roman Empire is way more complicated than that, with some putting the official end at 1453, some at 1806, and some - though this is a massive stretch - claim that it was actually World War 1 that finally did the Romans in. Whenever you may think it ended, it makes you think about the complexity of history, and why we are still so obsessed with this long-ago civilization.
Check out the Premodernist’s videos on this topic:
• Rome didn't fall when ...
• Were the Ottomans a Ro...
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TIMESTAMPS
0:00 - All Men Think About Is The Roman Empire
1:32 - An Empire Divided
4:10 - The Fall of the West
6:51 - Enter the Ottomans
8:02 - Tangent Cam
8:27 - Caesars of Rum
11:32 - The Slow Decline
14:03- Over on Nebula
16:49 - The Definite End
LINKS LINKS LINKS
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_K...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_R...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrarchy
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constan...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzanti...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_...)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolia
• Star Wars: Return of t...
• Rome didn't fall when ...
• Were the Ottomans a Ro...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo-T... - Věda a technologie
Got out a little bit late today, sorry about that folks!
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Better late than never. Also it’s better to release a good video late than junk early.
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Good video! I thought you might have gone down the route of the east-west schism and the eventual move to Moscow, with it considering itself the third Rome... Czars and all that and still ending at WWI.
Caesar, keizer, czar, kαῖσαρ, all the same thing.
Pretty cool.
You should look where Czar (russian title) comes from... But also ending in WW1
3:14 If I recall correctly, Constantine did not convert the Roman Empire to Christianity, but did make tolerance of Christians official law. He himself became a Christian, but it was Theodosius who eventually made it the official religion of the Empire.
Yes, in 380 CE, with the Edict of Thessalonica.
You are correct here.
Thank you. It drives me mad when people call him the first Christian emperor. He had a radical impact but he was Roman first
@@nicolawebb6025 he was crowned just outside London... and he was baptized in his dying bed...[or so they said...] So he was a Roman till the end
Although he may not have been officially baptized until on his deathbed, the majority of historians agree that Constantine converted to Christianity around 312 and spent the next 25 yrs promoting the religion, most notably by proclaiming the Edict of Milan in 312, convening the First Council of Nicaea in 325 and ordering the building of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, the Christian world's holiest and most important pilgrimage site since 335. His Christian beliefs and/or conversion had no impact on his status as a Roman citizen; he was just as much a Roman at the end of his life as he was at the start.
The Roman Empire was so influential and such a powerful idea that everyone claimed the franchise, Germans, Ottomans and even the Russians under the Tsar. And it kept people up at night. Machiavelli was so obsessed by Ancient Rome that he cosplayed being Roman and wrote Latin texts and discussed Rome as if he was corresponding with Cicero or Seneca.
Rome was seen as so dominant that when people from the Renaissance onward studied Ancient Greece they translated the name of the Greek Gods into the Roman ones. Zeus = Jupiter, Ares = Mars, Aphrodite = Venus and Apollo = Apollo.
Tsar is such a fun phonetic broken phone, where only later part of Caesar was used
In other words...
Small men, without real imagination, cling to the idea of "recreating the Roman Empire", because it's the idea they were given as children?
the Greek gods were adopted by the Romans... and the later peoples had nothing to do with it... the [first] Romans were survivors [refugees] from Troy... and that makes them Hittites! [Middle Easterners] hence the famous ''Roman nose'' that they were so proud of... they were also shorter and a bit darker from the Latin tribes... of course by the time they became an empire the bloodlines were lost... but that was the reason they made the Greek fishing village ''Byzantio'' their new capital... they new from Troy, that controlling the straits, they control[tax] the trade between East and West... the Eastern Roman Empire was not Greek... actually the Greek culture was erased by them... and replaced by ''what they saw fit''... the only reason they used the language is that Greek, at the time was what English are now... here I am, a greek, talking to you in English now...
To be fair, we are all a bit Roman in the west. It's kind of like if America collapsed and Massachusetts, Texas, Cali, Virginia and Wisconsin all claimed to be American. It would be kind true, its just a matter of perspective. It's not so much Rome influenced us, like we read a book and wanted to replicate it. It's more so the fact that Europe was at one point actually Rome. In regards to the Ottomans, I'm willing to consider them Roman. Egypt was invaded and overthrown over and over and over again. Different ethnicities and cultures would take the mantle and it was always Egypt. The old pharos and Cleopatra were worlds apart. But people today do indeed consider her a white Greek Egyptian. There are so many examples of this in Egypt alone. And tbh, Rome was never exactly just white.
The USA founding fathers wanted to be the New Roman Republic. A different Roman Empire
Quite surprised you didn't mentioned the Russian empire as having endorsed the roman continuity given that some call Moscow the "Third Rome", that their leader's title "Tsar" or "Czar" is also a derivation from "Ceasar" and that their empire also fell during WWI.
Anyway. Great video, as always. Thank you Joe and thanks to your team.
And that Roman Emperors were historically chosen based not on direct lineage but the marriage of the emperor's daughter. And who married the daughter of the last Roman Emperor... The Russian Rurikid family, who changed their surname to Romanov and gave themselves the title Czar and began calling themselves Third Rome.
Came here to say this.
I think an Eastern Roman princess married someone from the Russian nobility at some point.
@@philswiftreligioussect9619 And Moscow specifically billed itself at the "Third Rome." en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow,_third_Rome
Thats why Finland is the rightful successor to Rome. It held out while the rest of the Russian empire fell to the soviets.
Both of my grandmothers had fathers who served in WWI. One father died, and she was placed in a children’s home with her siblings, to be “farmed out” to different families until she came of age. The other father came home without a leg and a nasty drinking habit. These tragedies shifted the course of these families so dramatically that the echoes continued into my generation. I think about this when writing up genealogical studies from that era. Nice to know I’m not the only one who thinks about WWI a bit frequently.
WWI has much richer lore than WWII. WWII was just more marketable.
I learned in latin class back in school (in Germany) that the German “Kaiser” is not an interpretation but just the way that Caesar was pronounced in some latin dialects. The “ae” was almost universally pronounced like the ai in Kaiser and there were regional differences in the pronunciation of the letter c, which then formed a pronunciation that must have sounded pretty similar to the German Kaiser, except for the pronounced “ar” instead of the German “er” at the end.
The German spelling is a pronunciation thing. In the original latin, "c" before an "a" is hard as in "k". "Ae" is pronounced the equivalent to the German "ai" and "a" is "ah" not "ay"
Americans just sat see-sehr salad completely wrong. .
It should be "Kah-eye-sahr" Salad.
But we won the war so...
You were correct until you got to the salad... Cesare Cardini invented it in Tijuana, Mexico. Caesar was an Italian immigrant and that is how he pronounced his own name - which he changed from Cesare...
Good point. Reminds me of how some WW2 buffs used to tell people that the german word for "tank", Panzer, should be spoken like it's Panzar instead
@@RAD6150 So he pronounced Caesar as Say-Zar? Which would be the Mexican pronunciation? In Italian, Cesare is pronounced like Chey-za-ray.
Both are different from American English which normally pronounces Caesar like See-Zer.
Lol, Germans gatekeeping and pretending they have the correct Latin pronunciation more than actual Latin based languages
My grandfather, born in the Ribnica region in Yugoslavia told me the slovenians had a saying, ""World war I cost three caesar's crowns" (Prva svetovna vojna je stala tri cezarjeve krone).
What are considered the "official" crowns? I get a different answer everytime I ask professors, teachers, and Google. 😢
Tsar/Czar and Kaiser both come from "Caesar." So in a sense, it did quite literally cost three Caesar's crowns, as the Russian Tsar and the Kaisers of Austria and Germany all lost their crowns.
@@costamz3440 one ''byzantine'' princess... in that way, all European loyalty is related...
And it was not until after WWII that the last ruler with a title based on "Caesar" was deposed, when the Soviets terminated the Bulgarian monarchy.
@@user-McGiver Victoria?
I probably think about the Roman Empire more than most people, since my hometown of Trier (Augusta Treverorum, "City of Augustus among the Treveri") literally used to be one of the capitals of the late Western Empire, and still has tons of extremely well preserved Roman buildings, like the Aula Palatina of Constantine, the Imperial Thermae, and most prominently, the Porta Nigra 😄
I'm going there in the summer 👍
@@DaBIONICLEFan That's awesome! Make sure not to only check out the Roman sites though; Trier's got *a lot* of other history and culture as well 😃
14:09 fun fact too is that Armenia is like, one of the few territories that has existed since ancient times.
Constantine actually named his capital Nova Roma. It was only after his death that it became known as Constantinople. The current name comes from the Greek istan polis (to the city). The original name of Washington DC was New Rome.
source?
@@Boardwoards
Oh, no. Wikipedia has become sentient.
@@juskahusk2247 So you have no source, then. Gotcha.
Novus Roma was indeed the original name of Constantinople
@@aq5426 Do you have a source that he has no source?
After Oversimplified released his first two videos on the Second Punic War, I have indeed been thinking of the Roman Empire.
I suggest checking the sources. He isn’t always reliable. So far I have seen minor mistakes which I believe are unintentional. There was one on French Revolution and American revolution.
Basically after watching the video do a bit fact checking on some key points.
Weird considering the Roman Empire didn't exist then....
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@@davetremaine9688 You have a point, haha. But in the Netherlands we say "het Romijnse Rijk", which is not restricted to the period in which Rome and its territories was ruled by an emperor.
@@patrickiamonfire965 OverSimplified is more for entertainment than historical accuracy.
He wants to make people aware of history by entertainment.
The channel is called OverSimplified. Not Overhistorically accurate.
It's okay if everything isn't 100% accurate on youtube.
So true about the algorithm. I was a regular to this channel 3-4 years ago and for over a year, none of your uploads were hitting my feed. One day in 2023, something reminded me of your channel out of no where. I put more work than I should’ve had to trying to remember your channel’s name. Rest assured I have notifications on now! Thanks for everything over the years. I love the topics you cover and all your uploads are very engaging. 🔭📺
Wait you said Armenians are Russian Orthodox but I'm pretty sure they're a completely unrelated type of orthodox that broke off before the catholic/eastern orthodox split, similar to the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox churches, also similar to them in that Armenia was the first country ever to make Christianity its official religion, followed by Ethiopia. This was before the Russian Orthodox church even existed.
Correct, they are non-Chalcedonian because they rejected the declarations of the council of Chalcedon in AD 451. So they are not in communion with the Russian Church.
I feel exempt from the “how much do you think about the RE” because I live in a village based on a Roman base and there are ruins I can see out the window 😂
When you grew up in the Teutoburg Forest, you think, this is how far the roman made it. There are no roman ruins where I live for a good reason.
Now those are cool thoughts. I was born right at the border of the former roman empire, much like you but in The Netherlands. The city where I live close to now, has a castle where Charlemagne (ho was a defender of the Roman Empire) frequently stayed (Belgium). The highway system in Belgium (and I think the whole of Europe) still resembles the roman road system (viae Romanae). So much history.... @@westphalianstallion4293
@@westphalianstallion4293 I recently rewatched Band of Brothers and there was a line in the Bastogne episode that alluded to that, puts things into perspective.
Granted, I'm not a man, but I'm also exempted now that I've been conscripted to teach Church history at my seminary. (I'm a theologian, but that's fine - "Church history" is really putting the development of theology in historical contexts; it's not proper *history*.)
Based
Fun fact: you can trace lineages to Rome through etymology. The German word Kaiser, the Russian word Tsar, and the English transliteration Czar all trace back to the word/name Caesar. Also, the title Emperor comes from the Latin Imperator, meaning commander, which was originally a temporary, provisional title when the rights of citizens were suspended during times of war.
My favorite ancient Roman title for an Emperor was "Primus inter pares," which contradictivly means, "first amongst equals."
Shah as well
sounds like you watched the video
The Swedish word is "kejsare", which is, again, just the word/name Caesar in another form. Never a Roman country, but traded with several areas in the Roman empire.
I came into the comments to say the same, and to add that the Hungarian word for "emperor" is also derived from Caesar's name: császár (pronounced like chah'-sahr).
About 1/3 of modern day Hungary was inside the Roman province of Pannonia (Pannonia's northern and eastern -most borders were the Danube river).
Joe, you’re brilliant, you can speak to any and every topic. Thanks for the history lessons.
Superb story-telling! The the skit was so good! Yay! Premodernist!
I’m a historian of Rome, and specifically of the late republic.
I understand that’s it’s a massive amount of complex history to cover and you have to simplify a lot out of pure necessity, but there’s enough in this video that is oversimplified or misleading (unintentionally, I have no doubt!) that I thought it warranted a comment. I won’t point out all of it (because full explanations of everything would also be quite tedious, time consuming, and lengthy), but I will mention a few things.
First just a minor note that the “Roman Empire” includes the Republican period. I know it’s a little confusing, but the empire starts before the emperors. It refers to the Romans having an empire, not that it was run by an emperor; usually the shift in government is denoted by the Republican and imperial periods.
Second, the bit on the tetrarchy and it’s faults is especially simplified to the point of being misleading. The vast amount of territory governed had nothing (directly, at least) to do with the establishment of the tetrarchy.
Third, Constantine didn’t convert the empire to Christianity, just allowed Christians to worship.
Last, the fall of the western Roman Empire is sooooo much more messy than even an hour long video can do much more than scratch the surface of.
I don’t mean to trash you or anything! Just saw some stuff that I felt should be pointed out.
Thank you :)
3. Needs a correction to your correction he(Joe) never said the converted the whole empire, he(the caeser joe talked about) was said that he just converted himself, that was the quote.
indeed. the phase of rome where they were run by an "imperator" was called the "principate" because he was called the Princeps" which means "first" or "chief.
My faith in YT as a reliable academic source is hereby crushed. I shall now exclusively use Wikisedia for my scholarly research.
@@user-zn4pw5nk2v Fun fact: He wouldn't be baptized until on his deathbed. Many Christians tended to believe that after you were baptized, you wouldn't be forgiven for serious sin, and rulers sometimes had to do things like order someone killed, so they'd put off baptism. I only have my gut (and the reading I've done) to go on, but I'm not convinced he actually converted, anyway. Officially, yes. Of course, Romans did religion differently than we think of today in Christian-dominant cultures, so I could be wrong.
wow only lasted an hour before being Age-restricted that sucks. I really enjoy your work joe thanks for all you do.
Probably because of Sensitive Topics, thus it hit the limits.
@@Vernardoah senaitive topics
You say f*ck ,you dont get ad money
You post litteral cp ,the chanel stays up for too long
Have you seen Peter Jackson's _They Shall Not Grow Old?_ It's actually really cool. He "remastered" a bunch of footage from WWI so you can actually see what's happening in it. And because film was silent then, he had a bunch of sound effects added. It's really cool.
What's crazy, is that that for the parts with dialogue, he hired professional and archival specialist in film to see lip movements, had those translated and confirmed with linguists, then hired voice actors who could do the appropriate accent and slang from where the soldier was from
@@ramonpizarro Yeah, it's pretty awesome.
Again Joe tells history in an interesting way that I probably learned in school and either forgot or I wasn't paying attention in the first place. Good video Joe!
Russian empire called itself a "third Rome", and it also ended in 1917, weird of you to not mention it. Spanish king also claim Roman lineage (I think).
Also, Armenians are not "Russian orthodox", they are "eastern orthodox". Hard to tell the difference if you are not one of those two, but different they are.
Awesome video, keep up the good work.
Czar -> Caesar
I, too, am surprised that Joe didn't mention the fact that the Russian Empire considered itself the "Third Rome."
Russian Orthodox is an administrative jurisdiction of the Eastern Orthodox Church, as Greek Orthodox an administrative division of the Eastern Orthodox Church
Also the emperor of Austria herited it's title "kaiser" from the Holy Roman Empire. So in a way First WW effectively ended four different airs of ancient Rome.
Ukraine is the real successor state of the Kievan Rus' btw, and thus can claim the regions now called "russia" as it's rightful territory.
I think about rome alot because its really the first and biggest example of a Culture and nation that i can think of really resembling a modern nation. like yeah there were slaves and surfs and whatever, but there were also Companies and elections and something you could argue resembled a middle class. and there were factions in the senate and monuments to their engineering and art and not only did all this happen, it all happened and we know ALOT about it because over its 1000 year history so much of that was preserved. Its fascinating
Love your videos!! Thank you much for the work you do. ❤
This was just a joy to watch! Thanks Joe!
This has nothing to do with the video (in fact I'm only past the intro) but I feel the urge to thank you for the videos you put out. You're one of those few CZcamsrs who seems to always find some interesting topic to cover for all of their videos and they've kept me occupied for about two years now since finding your channel. I know I don't have to tell you but please keep doing what you love.
Hear hear. I only found Joe about 10 months ago, and it's truly one of the things I'm thankful for happening in 2023.
@spineappletea
Cloud!!!???
I agree, although I’ve been watching for a while now.
Great episode!
the premodernist crossover is amazing, has to be the best history channel on youtube
I basically knew all of the history you went through but really enjoyed your review, narrative about it all. I especially thought you covered nearly all if not all of the history that mattered to the part of the subject you made the video about and how you nearly completely avoided the things which weren't important to the reason for the video, other than a few interesting details about what the Romans at the various times and places, called, seemed to think about themselves and their empire, etc. Enjoyed the whole thing far more than I expected due to how well I know all the history, etc. Thanks for the history refresh.
I usually don't appreciate Joe's sense of humor, but the Grape Caesar into Great Cedar bit was hilarious XD
nice with the premodernist love he does make great content!
Just a great history lesson. Thanks, Joe!
I watch a lot of history videos but it somehow feels fresh hearing it from you, thanks!
Did the "thinking of Roman Empire meme" really start a few years ago? I feel like that started like at the end of last summer.
Joe Scott seems to be reinventing himself as a history channel. I'm here for it.
It's cool I always find his history content interesting.
Excellent video! 🎉😊
Thank you for making this even though it is hard and your bottom line may be affected by it (referring to the latter parts). It is a strong show of passion, integrity, and kindness. You are a person to be looked up to.
You might also have mentioned the Austro-Hungarian Empire, also part of the Central Powers, also ended with the end of the First World War. Austria, in German Österreich (Eastern Empire), had been part of the Holy Roman Empire (Heiliges Römisches Reich), and A-H itself had been a thing, first unofficially after the defeat of Hungary by the Ottomans at the Battle of Mohács in 1526, later with growing power, and officially after the Treaty of Passarowitz in 1718.
Yeah. It really bugged me that a war started famously after an assassination of the heir to the Austrian empire, and yet said Empire gets short shrift in this video. Maybe I'm biased having lived in Vienna, but not sure why he argues the Holy Roman empire lineage for the German empire, yet not the Austrians.
@@ahwhite1398 the lack of even a mention for the third empire in the pack really is a bit striking. I wouldn't say Austria had more of a claim on the Roman Empire title than the German Kingdoms but they also had a claim on that title. Doesn't change anything because in the end all 3 of the Empires at the time with a claim on being successors to the Roman Empire died out as a result of that war but having Austria omitted still is weird.
This is really, really good! 😊
Great video thanks mate ❤
I just ran a GURPS one-shot demo in which the players had characters from the three legions lost in the Teutoberg Forest, as part of the Varian Disaster.
I watched this earlier today on Nebula because I was also running late. Plus, the terribly sad Armenian Genocide video. Thank you for telling the world these sad truths about our past. The only way we can keep from repeating these atrocities is not only by learning about them, but by standing firm, together, in the way of those who forget their humanity.
No evidence at all
@@MrRamazanLale2 ummm, yes, there is evidence I watched the video on Nebula. What a strange thing to refute.
Never ask:
A man his salary
A woman her age
A Turk what happened in 1918
Fascinating! Thank you!
This is classic Joe. Great episode
From another point of view the Roman Empire still exists today and it is known as The Vatican. I think the Vatican has a stronger case of being a continuation of the Roman Empire than the Ottomans. And you cannot help but see the irony of the Holy Roman Empire now being the world's tiniest country.
Wel, if nothing else they can claim to continue the line of the Pontifi Maximi, and that's something.
@@skeeterhoney *pontifices
@@gagaronpew4382 sounds like a bridge to the scatological
@@skeeterhoney sounds like correct latin to me :p
I was just going to mention this point. The Roman Catholic popes were and still are the religious monarchs that have continued on.
Love the Premodernist shout out
Yeah, I really liked his medieval tourist video.
@7:27 Wow, Joe, I'm barely a third of the way into the video, and I'm blown away by your succient-yet-detailed summary of the history of the RE/HRE/ERE trinity. You continue to be an incredible storyteller, science communicator, and script writer... have you considered getting back into filmmaking, but for docs and science pieces???
Another Awesome Video by Joe!! Having said that did we really expect anything else. ;)
"one empire giving way to another empire" I mean that pretty sums up the vast majority of history
The most I think about the Roman Empire is that scene from Animal House where John Belushi smashes that hippies guitar while wearing a toga.
"Sorry"
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Damn! Great analysis!!!
Fascinating video, Joe. Rome, for a long time, I thought that it’s all around us, sometimes in plain sight, and sometimes hiding in plain sight. For example, I’m writing this using the Roman alphabet. Roman architecture is all around us in our buildings of state, look at the US capitol building look at the British museum, they have this Roman style, which the Romans got from the Greeks, to represent permanence, history, power and authority. Et cetera I could go on all day about this.
Please do go on all day about this!
haha..."Et cetera" ...latin for "and so forth..."
Don't forget one of the most important parts, the political system of the republic which is now prevalent throughout much of the world
Hey what about Austria-Hungary. During the 1914 July Crisis the Austrian CinC Conrad said ‘an ancient and glorious empire does not go down without a fight’.
So WW1 was the death ride of the Habsburgs, the longest ruling dynasty of the HRE. At least from their POV. And they did start it.
And their regiments carried HRE flags until 1918.
In fact the Vienna guard regiment still parades under the HRE flag.
Indeed. To not include Austria-Hungary in this video is utterly baffling.
The Russian Empire also claimed descent from Rome via the Eastern Empire. Like Kaiser, the word Tsar comes from Caesar. Napoleon also sought connection with Rome, having himself crowned by the Pope like the Holy Roman Emperors and even including Eagles in his armies. And that’s not even getting into Greek Islanders who referred to themselves as Roman AFTER the Ottoman collapse.
I mean, I live in Przemyśl, which was basically a front row seat to it so maybe I'm a bit biased I guess. But it was kind of a big deal. Heck, even the czar turned up here in 1915. (Sadly these days Przemyśl looks increasingly like its 1914 self again, which is a whole other depressing. But I guess witness to falling empires is kind of our lot in life).
The Russian Empire also considered itself a continuation of the Eastern Roman Empire and Orthodox Christianity after the fall of Constantinople, so that too ended with WWI.
My father, a WW2 survivor 100 km from the German border, would subscribe to your stuff. Me, I'm just catching up on history in general with most interest in the Ice Age era.
I must admit your work and enthusiasm over it is inspiring. Keep up the good work.
In Turkish there is still a word called "Rum" which means Roman in old Turkish but now used to refer to Greeks. So there are two words in Turkish for Greeks: Yunan (borrowed from Persian) and Rum. Even the Turkish name of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople is "Fener Rum Patrikhanesi" which can be translated as the "Greek (or Roman, since Rum = Roman) Patriarchate located at Fener). Rome lives on.
GREAT JULY AND AUGUST LONG LIVE THE EMPIRE
This is so relateable & never knew it was a thing 😂😂 thank youuy
Can’t wait until I start my job later this month. Been dying to get nebula for your videos specifically, but just in general as well. Flat broke at the moment tho lol
The joe Scott premodernist mention is amazing. I want a collab
I'm watching the Premodernist now 👍
I subscribed to his channel a few weeks ago. Funnily enough I had also subscribed to Sean Munger's channel a few weeks before Joe mentioned him.
Great show 🎉
Another banger Joe.
You forgot about Czar Nicholas II.
Definitely one of the better Joe vids. I'm off to nebula now :) by the way, you didn't mention your own country, who do dig a little Roman iconography. I remember asking an educator in the uk, why the US defaults to capital letters when teaching children (despite them making up a tiny proportion of what you read throughout your life) in a great deal of their material, and she immediately started talking about the US obsession with Rome and it coming from there. Not sure why anymore, but I remember it making sense at the time. But anyway, yeah, great vid - as a life long study of European history, and from a UK perspective (all countries put a huge slant on their interpretation of history, both annoying and interesting (but mostly annoying)) the Ottoman Empire and the Germans are often posed as 'the current' (at their times) iteration of holy and eastern roman empires. But to be fair that slant is itself borne of the xenophobic and imperial slant (i.e. their relationship to the Roman Empire is a pejorative one) the UK likes to take to things when feeling nostalgic to their own empire, and there's nothing like historical subjects to evoke a little nostalgic xenophobia.
Joe, I've been following you for... eh, about four years now. You reinvigorated a love for science, history, and innovation that a young teenager like me at the time had lost. Now that I'm a (semi) functioning adult, 100% subscribing to your Nebula. Thank you for always being here :)
thank you Scott
Hey Joe awesome video. I was surprised however, that you didn't get into the Russian Empire though! You made the Kaiser connection, but not the Czar.
Apostolic Majesty is a goldmine on youtube that found me recently. They have several hours on Russia as "The Third Rome". I think you would enjoy the channel!
In history classes throughout the years, on the few times that a history teacher actually reached World War One (they usually got hyper focused on the Civil War or the Ulysses Grant administration), they went on and on and on about empires and this was b-o-r-i-n-g. Decades after I left college, I needed to write a screenplay that included WW1, so, I went online and discovered that there is a way to teach WW1 without going on endlessly about empires.
My first exposure was The First World War tv series that came out in 2003. It’s a great watch!
Premodernist is fantastic and so is that concluding line!! Subbed :)
Nice, I learned a lot
I'm with you in that think about the two World Wars (with occasional side jaunts to the Colonial/Revolutionary America times) more than I think about the Romans.
After all, what have the Romans ever done for us.
@Gogmosis are you an American?
Answer the question.
@@daryld4457 I am. No need to interrogate me about it. I totally get why European/Mediterranean people would think about Romans more.
Also, I don't think most Americans think much about the First World War. We were really only invloved for a year, with six months of heavy fighting.
I wonder what historical periods are thought about in other cultures around the world?
Fun fact: the crescent moon that's such an iconic part of Islamic symbolism does originally come from Eastern Roman iconography, especially from the fall of Constantinople.
Its not Islamic it’s an Ottoman symbol. In Europe Ottoman was synonymous with Islam therefore it was seen as an ‘Islamic’ symbol.
It!s actually even older than that. Sassanid Empire used crescent moon in their coins,Sumerians also used this symbol before Greeks and Turks. It's very common symbol.
Wow it happens so frequently. Something on my mind pops up in a new to me joe Scott video. Atilla the Hun goods stuff Joe 👍🏼
Great Caesar! his video is quite informative
Surprised you didn’t mention if there’s any connection between Rome and the “Romanov” family and the Russian “Czar’s” (almost like… Caesar?!), even if there is no actual connection…
Czar is Russian it is indeed derived from Ceasar
I do think quite a bit of Rome, but lately I've been really fixated on Napoleon and everything that went on with him
This
Maximilian Robespierre is interesting.
Same. The Emperor!
@@futuristica1710 Vive l'empereur!
Definitely subscribing to Nebula next payday!
If Joe's making a movie I NEED it to be the Were-foot concept he mentioned in a previous video. I would pay so much money to see that concept brought to fruition.
It's hard to not think about the Roman empire when a lot of people say America is an empire in decline. I was watching a video on past empires and it said when it comes to the British and Roman empire that they didn't die but they evolved into something more or less powerful. The Roman empire became a church and the British empire became a bank.
if you think about it, if the Roman empire became a church and the British empire became a bank, maybe the American empire will evolve into an army
@@clauvex7829 plz no
And the american empire is becoming a trump ?
@@clauvex7829 If you look at what the U.S. is best at (or exploits the most) that doesn't amount to the thing which cements an empire _as an empire,_ I think you'd be closer to the mark predicting a research/pharmaceutical company or (for profit) hospital.
@@clauvex7829it evolved into a chain restaurant
Kind of a tangent, but the Armenian genocide was only first in that it was first to get categorized with the title. Many genocides happened prior. The glaring obvious one being the Native Holocaust in the Americas, with estimates as high as over a 100 million dead.
Just a clarification, the correct translation of the Greek word Basileus is king, not emperor. The greek word for emperor is Aftokrator.
It was really funny watching Joe trying to pronounce Greek names... 😂
But I must also point out that there were a couple of weak points in Joe's research for this video, a bit contrary to his usual style. Not really important, like the translation of basileus, or that Konstantine converted the empire to Christianity that don't really matter for the point made.
I liked the video, and love the content Joe, keep up the good work!
Greetings from Greece!
4:17
Ireland was called Scotia for nearly a millennium before Scotland exclusively acquired the name.
Brian Boru in the Book of Armagh is declared ‘Imperator Scotorum’ or ‘Emperor of the Gaels’.
To distinguish between the two countries, various Latin writers, from the twelfth to the sixteenth century, mention Ireland as Scotia Vetus or old Scotia, and Scotia Major or the Greater Scotia; and Scotland, as Scotia Minor or the Lesser Scotia; and the Irish were called Scoto-Ierni and Scoto-Hiberni or Hibernian Scots, and the people of Scotland Scoti-Albani or Albanian Scots.
One of the Latin translations for the verb, to raid, is scrutor.
{'Hibernia a Scotorum gentibus colitur.'}
'It is the Scotic races that inhabit Ireland.'
Paulus Orosius (born c. 375, died after 418)
Latin for Gaelic is Scotica.
The Romans referred to the Irish/Gaels as, raiders.
Hence, Scoti.
And it originally comes from Greek, prior to Latin. Σκότος, Σκοτία (Scotos, Scotia)--dark. Not sunny like the Aegean.
Interestingly Albion is the oldest name for the island of Britain, meaning white or bright.
So one could refer, poetically, to the dark and bright islands.
Thank you for this interesting information!
I just realized why the name of one of my favorite books is 'Die Wälder von Albion' (which translates into 'The Albion forests').
It plays in Britain of Roman times.
I actually regret that I didn't learn Latin in high school now. What a world of stunning and interesting information..
Did you study Latin and Greek?
Great, AI bots are now being reply guys to CZcamsrs not just Twitter.
@@luke571 no, I’m just interested in history.
Greetings from the west coast of Ireland 🇮🇪
@@davetremaine9688 what are you saying?
Your post looked like it's a tangentially related AI generated script and posted by a bot. Honestly, the end second half makes it pretty obvious it's not, but that is a problem I see on Twitter all the time. There are big accounts that whenever they post the replies are immediately filled with other "people" aka bots posting similar content that is 100% AI generated.@@ClannCholmain
Great as always :) Just wondering why you didn't mention the 'Third Rome' - Moscow. The title Tsar also derived from Caesar. And the russian monarchy ended 1917 because (in part) of the first world war.
Love the shout out to the Premodernist, as he gives you the shout outs as well (even if they’re criticisms, lol)
This was a fascinating video.
Loved the "great Ceasar" gag.
The Austro-Hungarian Empire and Russian Empire were also arguably remnants of the Roman Empire which fell as a result of the Great War. The Hapsburgs who ruled Austria-Hungary had usually been the emperors of the Holy Roman Empire. And the Russians, ruled by the Tsar(another derivation of “Caesar”) considered Moscow the “Third Rome.”
Achually, since France was what became of the western part of Charlemanges empire, you might say Rome is still ongoing...as a republic.
It is a stretch to call France the successor of Charlemagne, Holy Roman Empire really didn’t kick off until Otto the great made it sustainable Charlemagne was more of a one time conqueror compare with Alexander the Great and Augustus
You left off that the Russian Czars also thought they were the head of the 3rd Rome.
Yep! After the fall of Constantinopla, and when Moscov start their expantion, they claim they were the 3rd Rome.
I don't just think about the Roman Empire I think about all sorts of different time periods and empires throughout history. I am fascinated by history and the parallels to today.
17:46 Roam by the B-52s! That's a banger of a track! Boy, Mercury, shooting through every degree.....
You can link anything to anything if you try hard enough.
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Dude, you didn't mention the Tsar connection. It's pretty important, especially given tsar is another version of Caesar. And the reign of the last Tsar ended in 1917, before the end of WW1. This is a fairly important part of it all.
nuance, very cool.
Joe makes the best videos.
I'm a bit surprised you haven't mentioned Austrian Empire/Austria-Hungary: Archduke of Austria was last emperor of HRE and after dissolving it he kept title of the Emperor. It makes Austria-Hungary a sort of continuation of the empire as well. And I'm sure people will also mention empire which claimed to be "Third Rome". And all 4 of them has fallen in the WWI
I thought about the Roman Empire a fair amount in my 20s, and a bit in my early 30s, but those things kind of died with machismo glorification. Somewhere along the way tough guys stopped being cool, and then so did other major conflicts and world powers.
I think it's less the tough guy aspect and how... Modern it was. Political thought and questions being debated that are relevant even today. Mass industry and supply chains, social welfare programs, hell even primitive steam engines (although they were children's toys and nobody really thought to harness it for work). The world of Rome was a first draft for the modern world, and the 'what if' of us taking that path instead of wiping it away and starting over is fascinating.
i think machismo glorification is (sadly) making a comeback and so is european nationalism so things like Rome are just warped and abused examples of imagery to use when the populations biggest concerns right now are things like immigration and foreign policy
@@PineappleForFun I'm not sure that's true. I'm not that well versed in history so maybe I'm just imagining things, but weren't all the major strengths of the Roman Empire also present in predecessors anyway? Why not have similar appreciation for Hammurabi's laws, or Babylon's hanging gardens, Persia's roads and aqueducts, _Egyptian_ concrete, Greek architecture?
To me it feels a bit like glorifying Edison for claiming all credit at the patent office. And what was his real advantage, save that of power over others.
Joe Scott, you r great.
This is wild. I had to take an ancient to medieval art course for my nursing degree for so reason and we covered a lot of these different empires and the history and the connections were never mentioned.
Doesn't Tsar also mean Caesar in Russian? And that the Russian Orthodox is an offshoot of the Byzantine Orthodox church? And the Russian Empire/Tsar also fell in WWI...
The 3dr Rome
The Holy Roman Empire isn't Holy, Roman, or an Empire :)
WW1 did end the reigns of both the Kaiser and the Tzar.
@@simonspeechley2859 It did for sure