What is the tragedy of the commons? - Nicholas Amendolare
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- čas přidán 20. 11. 2017
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Is it possible that overfishing, super germs, and global warming are all caused by the same thing? In 1968, a man named Garrett Hardin sat down to write an essay about overpopulation. Within it, he discovered a pattern of human behavior that explains some of history’s biggest problems. Nicholas Amendolare describes the tragedy of the commons.
Lesson by Nicholas Amendolare, directed by TED-Ed.
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I like your videos Mr. Ted.
I normally like your stuff, but not this video. I strongly suggest reading the Ishmael series by Daniel Quinn. You're not describing a truth about humans, but a truth about why civilization is and always will be unsustainable. Be a true educational leader and start by questioning your assumptions. Fail to do so and become just another mindless follower.
czcams.com/video/FSwfbinN6L0/video.html
Why Garrett Hardin's essay on the tragedy of the commons is an false premises
Attacking the source as an intro: Garrett Hardin was a grantee of the Pioneer Fund (Hardin is one who engages in genetic fallacy)
1) TotC was written in the 1950s, when technology was not what it is now
2) Pre-emptively rejects solutions to the problem of the tragedy of the commons out of hand.
3) Tic-tac-toe analogy is reductio ad absurdum, presupposes that all parties are competitors rather than cooperative allies.
4) Reiterates refusal to consider solutions by ignoring technological breakthroughs.
5) Posits that resources are finite, ignores resource management and renewable/recyclable strategies of energy production and waste removal.
6) Conflates research and development as a waste of work calories
7) States that incommensurables cannot be compared yet the ruling class can afford any such activity that consumes work calories mentioned before.
8) Points out that zero growth is what qualifies a population as being non-prosperous, then states contradictorily that it is an unknowable fact whether or not the result of a positive growth rate is of an optimum capacity and purpose. No conclusion can be drawn from growth alone in a population.
9) Misappropriates Adam Smith's phrase “invisible hand”. That phrase was used as an argument against neo-liberalism. The choices of corporations to extract natural resources is not an “individual freedom”. Furthermore the idea of monarchist “corporation sole” is an intellectual dishonesty. If the decisions of the ruling class affect others, it's not an individual decision, it's coercive through the means of the state.
10) The example of everyone being a farmer seeking to make a gain is unrealistic and truncated. It assumes again that everyone is competing and that there is no reason for some of the population to take up other occupations. It is a false assumption that every human is as rigidly individualistic as a stereotypical merchant.
11) For each farmer to practice unsustainable infinite growth of their herd is symptomatic of unregulated capitalism, not gains for the public good.
12) He then goes on to say that individuals acting individualistically does damage to the common good. This is circular reasoning as anyone who takes the public good in to account will not behave like a stereotypical merchant, which would suggest central planning.
13) Hardin goes on to mention maritime law and the tragedy of the commons, when overfishing is directly from of lack of regulations and a purposeful business practices to make maximum profits as a function of time. This is the tragedy of the market, not the commons. It is also worth noting that kings and queens, who are corporation soles, do not travel overseas and across boundaries with a passport.
"The earth has enough for man's need, but not for his greed." - M. Gandhi
Gandhiji's quote
then turned out the planet is full of greed..
Mahatma Gandhi said that
Alice Lu if you look at the grand scheme of things TOtC isn’t really a problem.
To stem the instinct to be greedy, impose on anyone who controls land a annual charge equal to the full potential annual rental value of whatever land is held. Absent this measure is what causes the tragedy of the commons.
I think the world would be a better place if they played Ted-Ed on TV!
what a comment
Zaxor Von Skyler confusing comment
preferably on fox news.... since that seems to be the only source of information the current president of the U.S. consumes...
instead they have six seasons of kardashians😑
Whats TV?...
"What's good for all of us, is good for each of us."
This is what people need to realize. No more corruptions and greedy acts, ppl
Im sure kim jong un is gonna take that advice to heart
Yea.. the people with all the money also have castles and guns, no turning back now
Greed works itself into everything. This tragedy has a destructive brother: The ‘Ownership Tragedy’. Or the solution has become a problem too.
medium.com/the-gentle-revolution/the-ownership-tragedy-1c81267686d4
Who decides what is good for all of us?
@@ebowden1168there's nobody nor a society to decide for that. I think it's impossible to do something that will be absolutely good for everybody since each of us has different needs.
So i guess, as long as the act is not something out of greed and not a purely selfish one, it would be good for the majority. Just take what is enough for you and leave also enough for others.
a french girl is thanking you for helping her passing her final exam of economy while revising her english :)
How did your exam go?
A French*... pass* ... English*
Are you Jaqen H'ghar?
@@endermited 🤣🤣
Draw me like one of your French girls
In other words: think of the future, not just your temporary interest
In other words: capitalism sucks.
Couldn't have said it better myself.
@@alvarodavid9504 exactly comrade
Carpe Diem
@@alvarodavid9504 Still better than communism.
In today's world we are taught since we are children that we are individuals and we should take care of ourselves and look out for our best interests. Teachers and parents and society in general teaches that, so when it comes to sharing, it gets confusing. We don't want other people to starve or be miserable, but we still want to have more and be better than them. Which means that we are competing with each other who will have more. And there comes the tragedy as we just seem to need more and more.
yup lol
Poignant
This depends on the country you live. I guess in the US, children are raised to be more individualistic, while in most asian countries, children are raised to be more familial.
Quick Fix
I completely agree with your statement, but most resources aren't finite. So the majority of the planet isn't suffering because of a lack of resource (or teachings, ideology etc.), but because of greed (immoral companies) or self preservation (ruthless dictators).
My teacher said that we are social being
The trick is to eat the other 3 fishermen first, after 3 days you would have 40 fish and could eat 10 fish per day and the fish population would still be growing.
that’s what all billionaires do haha
That's what we eventually will have to do - drastically lowering our population worldwide - whether we like it or not.
E.coli Like Thanos did. Or wanted to do... I’m confused!
@@robin_birdie_ Actually we have enough resources to sustain a way higher population than we already have. Poverty is not a problem of having not enough resources but rather a problem of distributing those resources. We just like to think that way because our brains are wired to concentrate on the worst-case scenario.
Thanos: *Finally a wise human*
The so-called "tragedy of the commons" is one of the most widely misunderstood concepts in political economy, and should really be understood as the tragedy of the *unmanaged* commons. The idea that common resources are subject to depletion is often used as a argument against public or common ownership, and in favor of privatisation, but the real truth is that these arguments are based about the specious notion that "unowned" resources are and should be "free" of any economic cost.
Nature belongs by right equally and in common to all the living. This means that we are obligated to each other to reimburse the common wealth out of our labor product for the value of any natural resource which we reserve for our exclusive benefit. This is the mechanism which prevents pollution and depletion, and which benefits all whenever it benefits one.
People who wish to understand these concepts in greater detail should read "Progress and Poverty" (1879), the landmark treatise on political economy by Henry George, which was in its time the most famous book in the English language. That we have forgotten Henry George and the popularity of his work is no accident.
Omg this!! I was always like: the tragedy of the commons thing makes no sense
what is labor product? can you explain more what is the mechanism which prevents pollution and depletion?
Exactly, I'm super late but I hate how this concept is used to promote privatisation by hiding behind a façade of worry for the environment. It's often accompanied by an assumption that privatised ownership of a renewable resource will automatically lead to its sustainable management, which is complete bs. Privates may decide that it's more profitable to deplete the resource and move on to another instead of extracting sustainably. And seeing how real markets behave, that's the most likely outcome.
i had to read hardins original essay for AP Environmental Science and I was shocked at what they were making us learn. the guy was an actual eugenicist
@@timothyb3893 wait what!! man that sucks... im studying this for an environmental sustainability final, so i dont really have time to dig into it rn, im just focusing on learning the concept and answering the paper. but during my sem break ill make sure to read up on it and learn more
"Imagine as a thought experiment" is an apt opening line to this problem. My former father-in-law Garrett Hardin loved to propose thought experiments at the dinner table and the ensuing arguments among family and guests delighted him. He used the Socratic method to shake up his students, his children, and his grandchildren alike and make them think beyond the surface of a problem. Beautifully-executed animation that, I think, would have amused him.
@JBL type of teaching technique, where you're asked questions to achieve comprehension of a certain concept
Wait so are you saying that the Garret Hardin in the video was your former father in law?!
@@eemzydemzy3072 i'm shook as well😳
@@eemzydemzy3072 don't you see her family name? :)) Seems legit
@@nguyenquan6300 ong
Loved the animation style of this video, one of the best ones you have made!
You need to check their Macbeth video.
I totally agree. Its a great graphic style.
I wish the artist was credited!! I want to see more of his/her work :/ Animators are totally under-appreciated and overlooked.
@@sagarsaxena6318 or their riddles
This is even more relevant in the current scenario of panic buying during the coronavirus pandemic. Wish more people would watch and understand this video.
Don't want panic buying? Allow sellers to raise prices. This will be incentives to channel more goods to those areas touched by disaster and for the morons to stockpile in case of an emergency.
No. The last thing you want during a shortage is to allow sellers to raise prices. That just keeps people who need those items from accessing them.
@@LittleBigPoet - They can’t access them when they get bought up by the first two customers. You may be surprised what you can do without. Nobody ever died from a lack of toilet paper. But you don’t want someone to be buying all the toilet paper and then go wipe out the can goods before emptying the freezer section. Raising prices makes that kind of behavior foolish.
@@boxelder9167 Raising prices mean some people can’t afford their groceries anymore, but people with enough money can still buy everything. If during a crisis bottles of water go from $1 to 10 in the shop, some people won’t be able to afford them anymore and will be without water. Someone who can afford it will buy all those bottles for 10 each, and resell them for $20 a piece when everyone’s water is shut off. So nothing changed except that even less people could buy the water in the first place. And will the shop be forced to invest the profits in the community? Or will it just go to shareholders and upper management?
@@DanAndHoe - I dug a well. If you need water come over and fill as many containers as you want for free. There seems to be an increasing number of people who have not had to figure out how to get their needs met without having a system to supply them in place. Creating your own supply is discomforting. Having your supply chain collapse is discomforting. Everyone picks their discomforts.
Please share this widely for anyone that doesn't understand why Stockpiling food and other items is unnecessary, uncommunity like and unkind. #corona #communityminded
geneenius stockpiling isn’t the same as gradually building up a food storage, just to clarify.
Indeed! I refuse to stock pile.
It’s the community itself that is the problem
please understand that it is human nature and to prevent this the store just has to increase prices, this is the law of supply and demand. it encourages savings in hard times and allows for more supplies to be distributed equally
But it's ultimately not their fault. People panic buy as a survival/coping mechanism. There should have been mechanisms in place against it, but like everything over the last four years, the government failed miserably to deal with this.
Who else felt bad for the lonely fish?
Thank goodness it wasn't just me
Oh my god it was so cuteeeeee poor fish :(
me :( Let us share so that there are no more lonely fish :)
was just going to comment this :(
This is going in the book of grudges.
"Me first!" means we all finish last.
I legit love TED-Ed. You guys do such an amazing job.
Only take what you need ✨🙏🏽✨
Koriaaa then dont take nothing, read diogenes live and watch by yourself how is it posible to survive without everything
It's not how it works.
Koriaaa 👌👌🔥😤🙏are💯 you🔥🙏😤🔥suggesting👌💯😂💯👌🔥that I stop🔥👌👌🙏👌🔥the😈 grind?!🙏😤🔥👌👌💯💯💯
-Deuteronomy 4:13
I need everything
Like a computer. DUHHHHH!!!
Yep. The optimism at the end is completely unfounded, to be honest.
This phenomenon is exactly why our current civilization is doomed and bound to go extinct. Our entire existence is currently based on the idea of maximizing individual gain over a fundamentally shared and limited resources, and our economic and political systems (capitalism and representative governments) are all fundamentally based on a concentration of short-term decision-making powers and dilution of responsibility over these limited resources.
Our culture as a species is fundamentally unsustainable, but nobody really will talk about it because we're always so optimistic and full of ourselves. We firmly believe that same mechanisms and ideas that got us into this mess are the very same ones that will get us out of it. We just have to do more of it.
What we truly need is to drop anthropocentrism from our culture, so we stop making those mistakes. A good introduction to this mode of thinking is Daniel Quinn's Ishmael series of books. If this concerns you, please go read those books.
*_Our culture as a species is fundamentally unsustainable_* *_What we truly need is to drop anthropocentrism from our culture, so we stop making those mistakes._*
I concur: the first step would be to naturally decrease our population, so I'll kindly encourage you to not reproduce. For the planet and the rest of the animal kingdom.
Or....
You realize that every example shown in the Ted example is only truly possible because of governments. Deforestation happens either because land is sold cheap and in large amounts by the government, or the rights to cut it are sold instead of the lands. Pollution is tolerated because the smoke-producing powerplants that are protected by governments with their "pollution allowance" is worth more votes than the surrounding populations and smaller businesses.
Rational self-interest lead to resource protection, and trust me, bio-diversity is profitable and would be protected under pure capitalism. If I selfishly owned part of an african savana, I'd hunt down poachers like animals to preserve my lands and its riches.
one of my favorite videos. this beautifully illustrates our most dangerous tendencies. thanks for the amazing work you do!
“What’s good for all of us is good for each of us.” Necessarily this will never happen, but living in a world that lived by this motto would be wonderful.
"We pass laws to serve the common interest" HAHAHAHAHAHA good one.
We elect governments who reflect our short term, self-interests and they pass laws in the short term, self-interest's of the few
yeah that's funny 😂
Well, that's what happens when the government is controlled by corporate interests.
Something inevitable under capitalism, yes, but it could be counteracted by not voting for politicians who take money from them.
@Par Kla. You appear to be confusing what is a policy in constant development depending on the specific location vs some mythical ideological scenario. But let's put this in more stark terms. Your ridicule of this concept that we pass laws to serve the common good indicates that you make the good the enemy of the perfect.
When you rant about your individual rights in a community you are exactly like that person who he thinks he is entitled to MORE then his share then the larger community has agreed you are actually entitled to. And that thinking is exactly what is destroying this country.
@@riley8385 .....and if we find those few magical unicorn, that will solve everything.
This is the hurdle we have to overcome for human to advance. People need to have a long term vision and be a bit more selfless.
Jacinda Lacroix only a little bit??? 😂😂😂
If I selfishly own the pond, I can waste the capacity of the pond by not fishing enough, destroy my property by getting twelve fish on the first day or produce 4 fish a day, sell the other 3 for another's excess wood, leather and fruits. *If the pond is selflessly shared, soon we'll invite in a fifth person (because it is his as much as mine) and ruin the pond for everyone.*
Selfishness (or if you rather, rational self-interest and self-ownership) is a force of preservation, if only because as long as I maintain my pond, I don't have to learn to hunt and I get wood / leather and fruits rather effortlessly. It canalizes greed and laziness into forces of good.
It's called socialism, and yeah, I agree.
@Ethan Steel implying privatization is good lmao
@Ethan Steel if thats what you wanna tell yourself pal
One of the most Realistic and Relatable problem we are facing!! One of the best videos of TED-ED. This video needs to be shown to all people..
such beautiful animation, clear narration and great idea.
thank you.
3:05 - Aww! Look at that little fish in the pond. It looks so sad to see all of it's mates missing!
TED-Ed animations are undeniably adorable, motivational and absorbing.
I love the animation. There was so much thought put into this, and it's a great way for me to wind down after a pretty long day. Also, happy Thanksgiving!
Basically we need a healthy mix between a collectivist society and a individualistic society. That way we can learn to put the need of the group first, but we will also be able to respect our own individual needs, and have individuals who will be able to notice other communities beside our own and remind our community to care for them also. Thereby having to work for the even greater good of a bigger community.
Collective goods are all destined to face the tragedy of commons. The only way to protect a resource is to have someone with a name being responsible.
At grand scale, accountability.. So.. socialist systems aren't accountable since they depend on force..
Best animation depicting the concept so perfectly. I wish more of us especially from developing countries would understand this concept. As if we can learn and overcome this most problems we have now will eventually go away.
I’d recommended the Spanish film “The Platform” as an example of this - it’s on Netflix and it’s really good.
Impressive as always. Thanks for the lesson Ted Ed
this video is just perfect! the theme is great and it is very well explained, the art is beautiful, everything!!!!
Reinforces my favorite phrase "short term gain, long term pain" - and/or- "short term pain, long term gain" Take a breath and think about the big picture as often as you can, it's always worth the short-term sacifice :)
no pain no gain
"Optimizing for self in the short term isn't optimal for anyone int the long term".
What a beautiful quotation
*Love* the animation on this one.
I learn a lot from all of your vids!
I really appreciate all your efforts.
Brilliant!
Quito-Ecuador
2020
"At our best."
That is the catch. Yes we have at times been able to get together and limit ourselves sensibly and sustainably. But every single TOTC issue that comes up requires an arduous process in the end to get to a resolution. There is just always more than enough people to oppose it. And just about every single time enough of those people are powerful and influential.
The background music was great and it greatly suited the theme/content of the video.
Many thanks... :) It is here if you want to listen to it itself : soundcloud.com/nicolasmartigne/ted-ed-tragedy-of-the-commons
I was searching for this, thank you
This is very thought provoking.
Thank you.
Anyone else watching this for AP Environmental Science?
i'm watching for ap environmental science
same 😆 i have an essay about it that im not going to read
Ap human geography
Stuck in quarantine, watching this video for an assignment, after I told my teacher I have lost my hearing. Don't you just love teachers...
bioethnics
This was made by my eighth grade science teacher and I can say that he taught the same thing in his class and I definitely remembered it!
i think it is super important how ted ed is educating people on important concepts like this
Absolutely amazing animations...love this channel a lot...wonderful!!! : )
same
Seeing beyond oneself, the bigger picture. A necessary perspective in good leadership and follower-ship too.
A necessary perspective in good humanship so that there may be no leader nor follower!
Like who?
human being are born selfish and need to be taught selflessness
First and only female economist to win a Nobel prize in economics, Elionor Ostrom published a book “Saving the Commons” that shows empirical evidence of instances in which we as humans can overcome our collective action problems with state intervention.
That sounds pretty interesting. Have you read it?
I really love your videos! It’s very informative
we need more of these!!!
If everyone divided the pond up into four spots of private property, then the individual in his or her part of the pond is responsible for sustaining the population of fish in that area of the pond, further increasing awareness of sustaining a healthy population of fish.
Good! Great, so glad you pointed that out... Now, how do we divide the athmosphere or the ocean, global temperature, the ozone layer, radioactive waste...
Every time you are doing something, ask yourself: what would happen if everyone would act in a similar way like you? What if everyone would just throw away food? What if everyone would cut in front of the other in a traffic jam?
What if everyone is nice to each other?
Always choose the option, which, if chosen by all, will lead to a better world. And by your individual choice, it will be actually a little bit better. Or worse if you choose that...
Universally Preferable Behavior. Love it.
Warning tho, with this as a base for morality, the State doesn't fare well.
This video came in my recommendation after I literally just stopped studying Tragedy of the Commons from Mankiw's Economics book and opened CZcams! Wonderful animation as always :D
Simple and helpful explanation. Thank you!!!
what I learnt : what's good for all of us is good for each of us
Optimizing for the self in the short term isn't optimal for anyone in the long term.
But did you ever hear the tragedy of Darth Plagueis The Wise?
Darth Plagueis was a Dark Lord of the Sith, so powerful and so wise he could use the Force to influence the midichlorians to create life… He had such a knowledge of the dark side that he could even keep the ones he cared about from dying. The dark side of the Force is a pathway to many abilities some consider to be unnatural. He became so powerful… the only thing he was afraid of was losing his power, which eventually, of course, he did. Unfortunately, he taught his apprentice everything he knew, then his apprentice killed him in his sleep. Ironic. He could save others from death, but not himself.
A Joke is it possible to learn this power?
Not from r/Sequelmemes.
"Over-population, over-grazing and other social and environmental problems". Thanks god we have non of those under capitalism.
@@OjoRojo40 ok, Uncle Rojo. What do you suggest?
I know that no one from TED will see this but thank you to all of you wonderful people who keep this free
Great video in a very good timing. Speaking of Paris Agreement and more...
Who did this beautiful animation? Why aren't they credited? This is such a beautifully animated lesson! And a wonderful lesson to begin with.
Tragedy of the commons is when you're looking to get a rare item in a game, but instead receive "common"
heehee
Like in clash royale?
RIP free player
Obscurity
those damn petty soul gems...
I love how this ended with a positive note❤️
Well explained!! Great video!
The Platform Explained. Thank you.
3:10 that fish :(
I've been interested in Game Theory for years now. This little video explains this particular idea really well. I appreciate this very much.
The animation is so beautiful!
I love this animation. These fish are so cute!
Popcorn with my family is a better example.
lmao
this video was so helpful thank you so much
Fantastic explanation for any age thank you
Moral lessons:
Quit been selfish.
Practice self control.
Stop eating junk.
Unknown Race Stop eating fish! Pay attention!
@@TomCook-jw6ur lol
Tom Cook should be eat by moderation. Fish sustainability
Not to say anything bad but, tbh, I can answer all those questions with 'I'm trying to'... ;v;
The format of your comment reminds me of the Bill Burr video where a guy provides the financial advice "Don't blow it. Keep it simple. Count your money. It's at 2:25-2:40 of this video: czcams.com/video/tiDLX7PvGJI/video.html
too bad this lesson has been forgotten in economics..
Ironically I got here because of a lesson in economics lol
Good video ...thank for making such video... it will create awareness among us ... we much save our earth and only we can do it being aware of our situation ....
great lessons Ted Ed
I invite you to read about Elinor Ostrom, economist that worked on the solutions of this problem and showing that people can gouvern themselves
Incredibly relevant with the Covid-19 pandemic
"What's good for all of us is good for each of us" 😢😢
How well explained!
0:35 For a moment there, I thought this was going to be another riddle.
Who else came here after there’s no toilet paper in stores because of the coronavirus
Yeah...panic buying is terrifying
Exactly! They buy off all the toilet paper for their own "preparations" against corona and now no one can buy it.
Yep. What hurts is that there are senior citizens that are not able to get what they need, so technically it's killing them with all the panic buying and stuff.
W.A.T.E.R.
Literally just learnt this at uni !
I first heard about the Tragedy of the Commons in Doctorow’s, “Walkaway”. Completely rewrote my world view.
Negative externalities like pollution, deforestation, overfishing have to be incorporated in law and enforced at the global scale. I don't see another way out of this than giving more powers to global institutions like the United Nations, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund
I love ted-ed animation cartoon
Thank you. This was a cool thing to learn!
This is mentioned in "A beautiful mind" movie as well!
Since humans can survive without food for 3 weeks a pretty hardcore solution is to not eat for 1-3 days and you'll eventually have an abundance of magical fishes
the maximum population supported by the pond is 12 as stated
We could all learn a lesson here in the Coronavirus era of 2020..
What do you mean? Relief funds greater than some employees' wages, causing people to live as leeches on the taxpayers' collective? State printing money like crazy so that the stock market doesn't crash, making us all indirectly poorer so that the top 0.1% maintain their position? The WHO selling us all out, including their own funding now and Taiwan, to maintain special priviledge with China?
@@fovarberma752 yes, i was more so referring to the poo paper and rice hoarders though haha.
The same thing applies to things like traffic jams. A few people have their own self interest in moving forward but block traffic till eventually everyone else is forced to adopt the same strategy but this makes the traffic jam worse...
I think from a game theory perspective it shows how we should move away from individual optimal strategies to equilibrium strategies that are optimal for everyone, but also how fragile those equilibrium stratergies are given the greater short term incentives to deviate from whats optimal for everyone.
you are doing awesome job thanks for doing this. Love from India
This is exactly what i was thinking, when i relaised that more the people use air conditioning (A.C.) the more hotter the climate outside will get leading to more people requiring and using A.C. and worsening the climate exponentially(i.e. causing a feedback loop). We should really make laws against this kind of situations that leads to such feedback loops for the common good of all. Hope laws are made against lobbying so such laws can be passed without interference, but then industrialist will lobby to restrain passing of such laws......'m having headaches now.
The problem with that is efficiency though, A.C. is definitely a contributing cause to global warming but it is such a miniscule amount that it's more effective to have A.C. There are many more places where electricity from coal plants is going to and that is what is making temperatures rise. An average fan might use 75 watts per hour, (and since I couldn't find any averages for coal plants) the average watts produced from a nuclear power plant daily is 930,000,000 to say the least it would be miniscule.
Akshay Agarwal
Remember that Watt is a measure of Joule / Second. So a 75 watt fan uses 75 Joules / Second, so to find a hourly or daily energy consumption/production you'd have to multiply the effect (Watt) with the time frame in seconds (hour = 60*60 seconds etc).
I dont think it really the case with the A.C since the air in your room will be in contact with outside temperature eventually and then they will have the same temperature. The thing lost using AC is the energy (electricity) really. or maybe the ozone
A/C is not causing the entire planet to heat up. LOL
Optimising for self for short term isn’t optimal for everyone in the long term.
Thank you, Addison!
I got the fish question right! :)
Great animation in this video! :)
A brillant and true lesson for us all! Greed is the worse pandemic
Its not as bad as covid 19.
can be even worse! @@felixlee9645
It's funny that they use the government as an example of a way to solve the tragedy of the commons but in reality the entire government system is one giant tragedy of the commons problem.
How
For the opening fish puzzle, I arrived at an answer of six (total) but I misread the setup.
Though, six works if the twelve fish are able to reproduce BEFORE getting fished.
short and concise!
“What’s good for all if us, is good for all of us”
Probably my favorite ted-ed quote ever
The tragedy in life is loving junk food more than healthy food.
Junk food was meant to be addicting. The only way out is trying to eat it less and less while eating food that can turn your taste around like wheat bread.
Meptiness wheat bread is arguably worse than junk food. More impact on blood sugar than candy. But yes, I agree, stop eating junk and you won't crave it after a while.
Impact on blood sugar is measured by Glycemic Load (GL), a categorization system that indicates how many specific carbohydrates have an impact on blood sugar.
The GL rating for white bread is considered to be between 8-10, while wheat bread have a scale between 6-8. It has its variants depending on the product you buy. Some products have a greater number of carbohydrates with impact on blood sugar, some has less. Read the labels to find out.
Here's a basic chart about a glycemic index: alsearsmd.com/glycemic-index/
Here's an article making a comparison between wheat and white bread: www.livestrong.com/article/117576-carbohydrates-wheat-vs.-white-bread/
Also, the most important factor when measuring any aspect of nutrition is HOW MUCH you consume instead of WHAT you consume. Some consumables are downright toxic and can't be digested by humans while others can be eaten as long as it is at a very specific quantity in a specific interval.
Here's some more info on how we can measure the GL in any kind of food: www.gisymbol.com/about/glycemic-load/
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Talking in system dynamic term, the fish problem can be very easy. The solution is inflow = outflow, then we will get the sustainable stock (if stock greater than 0)