Potassium Chlorate from Bleach
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- čas přidán 8. 07. 2013
- See my blog for the Companion post for this video, which has a writeup for those who prefer reading: thehomescientist.blogspot.com/...
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Today I'll be making potassium chlorate from bleach. It's a very simple procedure, but the tradeoff is that it isn't very efficient. Electrolysis is a better method, and I'll visit that in a later video.
Here's the procedure. Start with 500mL of regular old bleach, and boil it down until crystals just start forming. Remove from heat, and let cool. Prepare a saturated solution of potassium chloride that is the same volume as the boiled bleach solution. Add the two together, and crystals of KClO3 should precipitate. If they don't, refrigerate the solution. Even if you do get immediate precipitation, cooling the solution will increase your yield. - Věda a technologie
If you dont mind, i have some non requested sugestions:
- When you see NaCl cristals forming in the bleach, add more water, so you'll need to heat it more and increase the NaClO3 forming and also decreasing the contamination of your final product by hypoclorite (dangerous if you are using it for explosives).
- When mixing the two saturated solutions you can also boil it until cristals start to form, then you can leave it to cool in the freezer and therefore squeeze more product.
I can watch hours of chemistry videos and not get bored.
Same
Wow I forgot I even watched this... 8 years later I still haven't gotten bored 😂
Of course you wont. Chemistry is amazing!
Wow, a lot of time has passed my friend.
Especially NileRed videos
What would happen if 66 cows were to ingest this?
the giggle after the test :D i know how rewarding it is when it goes off :P
There is always a major side effect from doing pyrotechnics. It's called perma grinning, laughing and it is simply unavoidable, even those who do this for a living, still have a big smile on their faces when they set off a detonation or a chemical reaction that causes a major pyrotechnical result.
Take care my Friend, always a joy to learn, and have the type of fun that to be honest is "good clean fun" if we are using our heads.😂
Oha, du hier
Thanks a lot! I'm not a teacher, though I do co-host a science stage show for elementary kids through my work. Almost all of my chemistry knowledge is self-taught. Just sitting down and reading a lot about the subject, then going out and trying things myself!
Great sir
How do you get the supplies tho? I need sodium or potassium chlorate for my science project but I can't find it anywhere
@@MillaGoat In this video is recipe of it, KClO3, but beware of this stuff, cuz its easy to explode, and sensitive to any kind of compressing.
I love that chuckle at the end of the reaction lol
I swear to god its like the tell tale sign of a manic pyro.
If you're watching this video than you have been there.
your giggle when it burns confirms my notion that you're a happy pyro :)
Hudda hudda hudda!
The only side effect of pyrotechnical reactions is Perma grinning, and laughter, I think it has much to do with the child in all of us, and also the fact that you just can't detonate something(in a controlled environment) without giggles and smiles, the bigger the reaction, the bigger the smiles and giggles.
This is even the case with those who do this all the time, old lab guys simply can't make a good pyrotechnical reaction without letting out a giggle and a huge smile on our faces.
Take care Friend, always nice to see someone notice the same thing as I have.😀
The only reason I'm on this video is to make military explosives lol
Wow😱, I'm amazed
This reaction was my first test in General Chemistry 1 earlier this year(due to the pandemic I never got the chance to practically understand it). Thank you Sir. The feeling of satisfaction I get when I finally understand something reminds me why I love chemistry.
OMG! First I saw your melting aluminium video and when I watched this I recognised the voice and found out it was you again! DUDE YOU ARE ON MY AWESOMENESS RADAR!!!
+Hooverblox Huzzah!
Gaydar
mrhomescientist wazza
Hooverblox
Hooverblox awesomeness radar?
Sounds like a 5 year old no offence
I just finished making some potassium chloride and sodium chlorite mixture and it's currently in the fridge. Not 100% sure it will turn out well, but there seem to be some solids collecting on the bottom, so that's good.
I can confirm that it has to be regular bleach without any scent, since the bubbles and other impurities prevent the NaCl crystals from forming during boiling. There are definitely fumes that come off, and if you don't have a fume hood, you should definitely do this outside. I was able to get sodium chlorite from my bleach by using a ceramic type glass in a campfire, and even though it had a small amount of ash that floated in, using a coffee filter made it appear as clear as it does in the video.
I also didn't have any precipitate upon the initial mixing, so don't be too discouraged if you do this experiment and don't get an instant return.
Hope this helps!
Very good video. Thanks for the excellent information and presentation. I like how you went through 100% to the end to show both reactions, with the more pure precipitation and the less impure sludge precipitation.
Whenever I'm making any crystals like this whether it's potassium chlorate or ammonium nitrate I like to put my final solution into a pan with alot if surface area to give the crystals more room to grow but this was a great video
I saw all the comments about the "lough". I had no idea, had to replay a couple of times. Loved it!
4:36 That laugh at the end :D
Glad to get a second opinion on my math :) I definitely think I could have improved the yield if I hadn't used so much water for my KCl solution.
How do you get your audio quality to be so bad?
Why do you boil me:(
I like those videos, even though I don't have anything to do with chemistry.
Your voice is so friendly :D
And chemistry is awesome.
On your second crystallization that yielded an impure batch of crystal, is there a method of selective solubilization that could be used separate the potassium chlorate from the other salts, such as heated ethanol?
Awesome video. I need to learn more on chemistry and your videos are a great source of inspiration. I first started watching you with your sand to thermite video (dash bit of a pyro) and every since I have been loving your videos, even if I don't fully get all of them :3
It does! To me it tastes more salty than regular salt. I only bought it for science use though :) Potassium chlorate is much less soluble than sodium chlorate, so you're able to separate it from the NaCl easily.
its odd how they promote lo-salt as healthy yet it sets off a geiger counter
@@noimnotarobotcanubeleiveit7024 that’s because it’s made of potassium….
your laugh makes my day
How do you think about use the 12.5% of sodium hypochlorite bleach instead of 8.5% regular house hold bleach to make potassium chlorate?
How much power do you need to melt down the KClO3? Is any regular flame hot enough? The reason I'm asking is because I wanted to try the gummy bear KClO3 lab, but I didn't want to have to buy KClO3 as no one near me sells it.
4:40 HEHEUAHEUHAHEHEHEH
moody5599 lol
I was going to say that
🤣🤣🤣🤣lllolololololololol
That manic pyro giggle tho
Can I use KNO3 instead of KCl precipitate the KCLO3? I mean I provide the K+ ion so I don't see why I can't, or do I need the common Cl- ion?
Well that was pretty cool, short, simple and to the point. Nice!
Do you think if you let the solution cool down very slowly in the recrystallization process that you might get more yield..? I herd somewhere that the slower a solution cools down the more crystals form... Don't know if it's true.. Any thoughts...?
hello! I was just wondering if you have tried using Pool Brite Sanitizer Liquid Disinfectant? it has the same properties as bleach except it is 12.5% Sodium Hyperchlorite. I was able to yield twice as much and a higher chance of high purity Chlorate from the pool brite than the 8.25% bleach. You should give it a try if you get a chance!
Hey there, love the videos.
I had a question regarding letting the boiled bleach solution cool; is there any particular reason you let it cool before filtration other than giving time for NaCl to crystallize out? i.e. would covering the dish to retain heat and thus having NaClO3 be much more soluble, while NaCl still precipitates out due to its low solubility-temperature response, retain more NaClO3 per NaCl in solution?
It has an important use as a chemical oxygen generator, used in space stations, aircraft, and submarines. It decomposes into oxygen and KCl on fairly gentle heating, so it's an easy source of the gas. It's also much more compact than storing pressurized O2 tanks. It's also, of course, a powerful oxidizer, and can be used in other chemistry that requires such things.
Men my blech have, 50 gr of chlorine of 1 liter. It is work?
50 grains? are you sure that's even bleach?
@@pacman10182 grams not grains
@@spoonerman gr is grains, g is grams
@@pacman10182 People type gr for grams despite not being correct. Also the guy is from Europe i doubt he uses grains.
@@spoonerman even more reason for me to make fun of him
4:40 that was such a genuine laugh, i love it
You sir, deserve more subscribers and views!
Can I disolve Calcium Hypochlorite (pool chlorine) on water and do the same procedure? Would it work? Since both are hipochlorites?
What if you used the powdered bleach shock instead of liquid bleach?
Where would the nitrate come from though? All I used was bleach and potassium chloride. It's possible there was some contamination, but I don't think there'd be enough of it for as many needle crystals as I saw.
can we froze it instead to get crystals or some type of electrolysis?
I can't get Potassium Chloride where I live, can I use Potassium Hydroxide instead?
Lool at the end the ant is happy that the second batch dident start to burn :D, nice way of explaining it, respect.
Is a higher or lower% of sodium hypochlorite in bleach better to get potassium chlorate?
Yeah I agree. I haven't tried it yet, but I did keep the contaminated product so it couldn't hurt to try it out. Won't have time to do much for the next few weeks, but electrolysis should follow soon after!
Another question...
Is the precipitate (from the initial boiled bleach) completely sodium chloride, with no sodium chlorate in the precipitate? Could you increase the yield of crystals by, perhaps adding some water, re-dissolve the salts into the solution and THEN add the potassium chloride solution?
There's probably at least some chlorate in it, but the vast majority should be chloride. The chlorate is much more soluble and should remain in solution. Your idea would probably work, but I don't think the increase in yield would be very significant. Remember also that adding more water will dissolve more of your desired product!
That's an excellent idea, I'll have to try that.
Here, low sodium salt are actually a 50/50 mix of sodium or potasium salt... with this: If I add first this salt mix to the bleach and then boile it later: Does it will improve the potassium chlorate yield?...thinking about the extra sodium salt added could balance the reaction into producing chlorates since there already too much chloride ions inside.. is this right?... or it doesn't works this way?
Very helpful video sir
Which bleach to use for this experiment
You can get 40lbs of pure KCL at ACE or LOWES for around $25. Great video, I can't wait to see you try electrolysis, it's so fun and exciting when you see those crystals fall out, great feeling.
so what will be cheaper to get kcio3 from matches or bleach?
do you think thios si impressivie enough for a science project in school? I have to use one chemical and make another as a part of the requirement. You guys think this will get me an a????? PLZ HELP
I think pool supply stores sell concentrated sodium hypochlorite as liquid pool shocker. It is usually sold in gallon size tan jugs. Though I could be wrong and it's an entirely different compound.
They do! Just be sure to read the labels carefully; there's a huge variety of pool chemicals so make sure you know what you're getting.
It's chloride - NaCl. Sodium chlorate is very soluble and remains in solution, which is why we add KCl to the solution to get out the much less soluble potassium chlorate. It's possible that if the bleach is boiled down too much you could get some sodium chlorate precipitation, which is why you want to remove it from heat as soon as crystals start appearing.
Did you achieve alchemy or nuclear conversion of sodium to potassium? They do have some properties in common, but they’re not the same thing!
How about if you take the remaining solution, boil it down again until crystallization begins and then re add the potassium chloride?
I don't know much about chemistry, I did horribly with it in HS, so please bear this in mind when I ask: Is there a way you can "seed" the crystal formulation somehow to increase yield?
Sure, if you have some solid potassium chlorate already you can throw it in to kickstart crystal formation. But it won't increase yield any. It just makes it a bit easier to grow them.
Just kinda curious say what if ya boost your chloride say add some salt can street salt work or does it have to be no salt
Is it better for a bleaching has a bigger or smaller% sodium hypochloride?
what do you do whit the christals that form in the beginning when you filterd it?
Throw them away. It's just salt.
That's great, thanks a lot for the support!
Thanks Dan, new subscriber to your channel !
Do you have a video to do this using electrolysis?
Thank you for balancing that for us.
Define tu going to try this someday when I get over my fear of boiling liquids in glass. When are you going to upload more?
that laugh when you lit it earned you my sub
so what is this element used for? how is it turned into an explosive
Can I skip the addition of KCl and evaporating the resulting filtrate to make NaClO3 instead?
+Johnpao215 I don't think it's quite that simple. It would be very heavily contaminated with sodium chloride; there's a lot still in solution even after you filter off what precipitates after boiling. I think it's generally made using electrolysis. But it's much easier to make the potassium salt, and KCl should be easy to find locally as a sodium-free salt substitute, water softener, or road de-icer.
Did you end up attempting any recrystallization, and if so did you get any additional product? I mean sure, given the chemicals were just household bleach and salt substitute, but I hate to see waste on a certain level. Anyway, love the videos, looking forward to the electrolysis version.
Hmm, what brand do you use? I have never seen any brand of liquid drain opener containing sulfuric acid.
Are the crystals that form in the bleach sodium chloride or sodium chlorate?
I know this is an old video but does it matter if you boil the bleach on an electric hot plate vs a butane burner?
Alec Morrow Nope. Nothing flammable is produced to worry about.
the flash suppose too be good have you made any orgonite
What is that glass bowl called you're using to boil the bleach?
It's called an evaporating dish - very handy to have, especially for slowly evaporating solutions because it has such a large surface area.
i love watching these videos
Could I keep boiling the bleach so id get more potassium chloride. I need potassium chloride to make potassium nitrate
Potassium chloride is the No Salt, it doesn't come from the bleach.
Hi, Have a good Day, Please you can explain how to make sodium chlorite = NaClO2? 🤔
هيا المشكلة عاوز اعرف ايه الاقطاب المستخدمه بالضبط
Can you use potassium hydroxide instead of potassium chloride?
can i get it for evaporation?
I was just wondering if you could use Potassium chloride water softener salt?
Sure! It's all KCl, so there's no difference what your source is. Take care to read the ingredients though, and make sure there aren't any impurities. If there are, a recrystallization or two will probably be necessary.
What can one do with potassium chlorate(except explosives obviously)?
How about if u use pool bleach. I'm assuming it would yield more since it has more concentration of potassium chloride.
Correct, but bleach is sodium hypochlorite, not potassium chloride! The potassium salt is what you add at the end to precipitate the desired product.
Pool bleach is high concentration so it should yield more chlorate, assuming you add proportionately more KCl!
I've got those same Ruger gloves. Love them.
what was the substance in your second attempt?
Okay. So what is Potassium Chlorate normally used for?
I would like to see how this is done with electrolysis! That would be really interesting.
... I also noticed your collection of thermite containers in the background :)
From 2024. Remember: chlorine gas reacts with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and the first products are sodium hypochlorite and sodium chloride, while temperature raises.
So heating a solution of sodium hypochlorite allows the inverse reaction: NaCl + NaClO -> NaOH + Cl2 (1).
Even if you have a pure NaClO solution the following equilibrium exists: NaClO + H2O NaOH + HClO (2) and very unstable acid 2HClO 2HCl + O2 (3) and HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O (4).
So every conditions for (1) are present.
Perhaps it's more effective dropping a concentrated sodium hydroxide solution.
what were using to heat the bleach?
I just wanted to know what would the chlorate be turned into if you added it instead of the chloride?
Chlorate
It depends on the experiment, but on average I'd say it's at least a full day of doing the experiment (mixing things, waiting to filter or boil, etc.) and then a few hours editing the video clips together. Even simple things tend to take quite a while to set up, perform, and break down. Good catch on the spill, whoops :P
Enjoy the influx of views on this. It is part of a national trial team competition.
Maybe my calculations are off, but 9g seems like a reasonable yield considering the process. There were over 40g of hypochlorite, but that leaves only 13g of chlorate after heating, for a nominal yield of 15g of KClO3. 56% yield is better than a poke in the eye.
Hey mrhomescientist! I loved the video and have wanted to try this out. So, I gathered the required chemicals and began. Timeskip to now, and it has *not* worked. I've tried many different methods and still can't seem to place it. I seem to have narrowed it down to what it might be, though. But I don't want to just go ahead and waste another couple 1000 mL of bleach, so I'll ask you what may be wrong. Here are my potential culprits
A) Incorrect brand of bleach (Meijers generic)
B) When I boil it, crystals don't form until I take it of heating. Do I have to wait longer?
C) I haven't filtered the KCl solution
D) I haven't used distilled, instead I have used tap water.
Could any of those be the cause of why this doesn't work? Or am I just cursed?
P.S. I also have a general lab report written on this if you'd want to look through that.
Thanks in advance!
Definitely, if you've written a lab report somewhere I'll take a look. That'll help to narrow down where the problems come from. Even with all your points, you should still have produced /some/ chlorate. It just may be too contaminated by the end to be very useful. C and D will introduce impurities, and can be easily fixed for your next experiment. A would only matter if your bleach has other ingredients (detergents, fragrance, etc.) - I buy Wal Mart brand, the cheapest most generic I can find. As for B I would suggest heating longer. I heat mine until crystals just start to form, then remove from heat. Make sure you're boiling it too - you have to boil for chlorate to form!
I worked it out! Turns out, I wasn't boiling it long enough. Thanks a ton for your reply!
How do you know how much potassium chloride to add?
@4:40 That laugh :D
Thanks! Found liquid fire at ace hardware. Pretty pure stuff, though it does have quite a bit of carbon/organic impurities. :(
Can you use calcium chlorite (pool bleach) for this process ?
Sounds like it will work, yes. You'd have to adjust your stoichiometry for the different chemical of course.
Greeting! Good video! I found bleach with 26.7% sodium hypochlorite! It also contains 0.09% sodium tosylchloramide! Can I use this to make potassium chlorate?
how many Naclo3 from a 1000ml 13% Naclo solution
You have to boil it a certain way not to release the chlorine gas, right?
Could you do a video extracting the Potassium Chlorate through electrolysis? I'd love to understand the science behind it.
Between 1-1,000ppm, how much chlorine gas would you say is made