How NASA Reinvented The Wheel - Shape Memory Alloys
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- čas přidán 21. 09. 2018
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References:
[1] www.nasa.gov/specials/wheels/
[2] www.pirelli.com/global/en-ww/...
[3] digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/cg...
[4] research.vuse.vanderbilt.edu/s...
[5] Metallurgy Mechanism for superelasticity page 590 citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/...
[6] www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitst...
[7] • Video
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Considering curiosity has gone more than 7 years past it’s predicted lifespan, I’d say they did a pretty good job on the wheels
It is never enough
Minimonk if u think about it most car tires won’t last that long
@@lanceward4665 yeah but a car drives thousands and thousand of km on one pair of tires and the mars rover only travled 40km
@Codzy yeah but the terrain on mars is way different from ours, and because of the incredibly different temperatures at day and at night, you shouldn't even compare it to a normal car tire
they could've done better, you can always do better
I can’t believe you got sponsored by such a prestigious organization. Great job!
ikr
JohnnyDaPrankstaGangsta I bet he got a bunch of folks there arguing about spitfire design trade-offs and sharing the video.
Ikr
straw barrow JINX
Yawn
3:45 jesus can you imagine having the memory of riding a dune buggy on the moon? nobody can top that
Cziffra I was dead serious thinking the same thing 😂 that would be crazy
and those MF thinking nice ride on Lambo.
Man I was straight up laughing saying "That man is living his best fucking life".
Drinking a Beer, On Mars. :-)
Why would Jesus ever imagine that....
2:35 "It employs a nuclear reactor for power."
Don't you mean nuclear GENERATOR? Because it's a big difference. A reactor runs on controlled fission, whereas a generator just uses the heat of natural radioactive decay.
Whoah
normally id tell you to fuck off with that pedantic shit but that's actually a very big difference.
No it’s a reactor I worked on curiosity and was part of the team that built the reactor.
@@valkriea no you didn't, stop lying to get likes on the internet.. The rover is powered by an RTG (radioisotope thermoelectric generator).
@@cacasplat3 what’s your proof
Royal Air Force? That's an interesting way to spell squarespace...
*T H I S V I D E O I S S P O N S O R E D B Y S Q A R E S P A C E*
Lol
That's not how you spell brilliant.org
proof that marking works ;)
@Nostalgia For Infinity joke's on you, we still don't buy the products...
I can't believe you just assigned homework to all your viewers xD
I'm in the U.S. so I can't participate but I hope you get some awesome submissions RE!
@@GrayFlare I was gonna turn it in, but my dog ate it.
totally agree
"Basically invent what could be the future of the wheel, a revolutionizing concept that could change space exploration and maybe even our current tech on earth"
"what's the pay ?"
"you get work experience while we make a profit out of your idea"
capitalism really is a great thing isn't it ?
why don't we... i don't know, pay a team of engineer to do this ? instead of giving dividends to wankers who do nothing but wank off of their inheritance ?
I had finished it but I left it in home.
"This material remembers it's original shape. Here's how it works: ... When it cools down, it remembers it's original shape and returns to it"
lol
Humans:
Holidays = under stress (severe anxiety) the body returns to its original shape (fetus position)
Then stress and strain ends (holidays end) the body stretches and goes where it wants to in shapes of its own choosing.
Robert Hahn lol yup
@@CieJe.Alexander i expand in holidays then get back to my original shape afterwards.
@@intellectracoonlol yeah that too.
How NASA reinvents the wheel - Goodyear invents a new tire.
2032: "How NASA reinvented the car"
How Goodyear* reengineered* the wheel. And for the people saying they only "reinvented" the tire, a wheel is a tire AND a rim.
So does Michelin,Appolo,Continental and the rest the race is heating up
@@BURDYMAN777 Yep you are correct. The word tire comes from attire as in a wheel's dressing.
How nasa reinvented the pencil
So you just got sponsored by the RAF and BAC!!
That's that's insane
Random Person the royal air force..lmaooo..what a joke..just bcuz u have ROYAL in front of the name doesnt mean youre special.
USA by far has the best pilots
@@wolf2109 The fuck? When did this become RAF vs USAF?
@@josewarren1441 He's from the USA. Thier brainwashed to believe thier better in every way.. to the rest of the world 😂.
Tempest it didnt. Im just making sure he doesnt spread fake news, my nigga
@@carlose6010
They're *
It does NOT use a nuclear reactor to power itself. It uses an RTG - a Radio Thermal Generator, which converts the heat from a decaying 5-kilo slug of plutonium into electricity using peltier devices. It is not very fancy, has no moving parts, and is very reliable, but low power, at less than 110 watts total output.
That’s actually way cooler. Thanks for correcting me. Want to read more about that now
Radioisotope Thermal Generator, actually. No radios involved in an RTG.
Wanted to say exactly this. An RTG is quite different than an actual reactor.
I thought it was a little suspicious when he said "nuclear reactor". Thank you for the clarification.
actually RTG stands for radioisotope thermoelectric generator
Me: How good is it?
NASA: It is wheely good.
I hate that I laughed at this
hahahahah :D
it's such a bad joke that's it has become funny. the internet has damaged the part of my brain eich decided on humor.
...said a spokesperson!
My Aero class presented our senior design project at JPL last march and we got to speak with one of the mobility engineers for the Mars 2020 Rover. They told us that there were two main flaws with the old wheels: the grousers (treads), and the placement of where the hub attached to the wheel.
For the grousers, their design was to give better traction by increasing the length of the grouser, which is why it’s zig-zagged. Consequently, having those ‘zig-zags’ meant that all the stress from the rover’s mass was concentrated at the vertices of the grousers, and if the force was high enough the stress concentration would puncture the wheel frame.
For the placement of the wheel on the hub, it was mounted offset from the center (laterally, not axially), so that the wheels extended out a bit further from the rover chassis and suspension system. This was an issue, because it basically meant the exterior rim (the part of the wheel that’s furthest from the rover) wasn’t being properly supported, and the forces on it were like the forces on a cantilever beam. This causes it to bend slightly, and over time this constant bending fatigued the wheels, adding more to the damage caused by the grousers.
For the 2020 rover, they plan on using similar wheels to Curiosity but with the hub mounted in the center of the wheel, and using a sinusoidal grouser pattern rather than a zig-zag.
The episode of wheel engineering...
This*
Ok, this actually made me laugh.
Get out
@@TheJttv this'nt
😑
😂
I met Dr. John Grant at the National Air and Space museum, and witnessed a teleconference where they decided where to move the Curiosity. It was an amazing experience, and this just adds to it.
did you also see the screen that showed what the rover was looking at?
witnessed the same kind of teleconference from the CNES in France, the french team is in charge of several instrumentals on the rover, and they were discussing wether or not they would use it this night with the engineering team around the world.
It was amazing to witness such an international feat taking place right in front of me
Yea they do that
Dude I read that name and my dumb ass thought you were talking about that Jurassic Park guy... The dude who waved at a dinosaur with a flare and almost got crushed by a car falling from a tree... yeah that raptorology dude, Dr Alan Pepper. Lol Jk I know it's Dr. Grant. But bruh if his middle name was pepper can you imagine how hilarious it would be to call him by his full name? Nobody would ever take it seriously. But they'll have a good laugh for sure.
How NASA Reinvented the TIRE.
Exactly ..they did not reinvent the wheel
Absolutely correct, I was about to say the same thing myself.
How Goodyear reinvented the tire...
Dare I say "tyre" here?
You mean the Tyre ? :-)
Man, if you ask this guy to promote a jar of jam, he'll make it so serious that you'll think you're not eating jam ,but something like accomplishment of humans' imagination on reinventing the taste structure of fruits. Damn it feels so serious..
No! he is so articulate; presenting us with valuable information in serious manner adds to how much effort and corporation is needed in such missions.
To be honest you seem articulate yourself
It's crazy how just simple everyday things on Earth are so different in space and it really just makes everything harder
Its not crazy...
@@SandraWantsCoke Yes, some astronauts who have experienced zero-g did report harder erections. This is thought to be due to fluid shifts throughout the body.
I've heard dying is pretty easy to achieve in space though.
Awesome video! As a material scientist who works with this stuff every day, I'm pretty sure I couldn't have explained it any better.
Oh, great! Do you work with shape memory alloys?
Currently in school for materials science any advice?:)
@InnerG don't be like me... Do your homework :P
@utiogul Not personally. I do 3D printing of metals, but the SMA group is in my building, and I help them out sometimes.
@@aaron41 damnit I'm already like you lol
Honestly, out of all innovations; new Materials being developed have always amazed me the most.
It's like... Unlocked a whole new type of block for your Lego set.
So awesome!
Dude, veritasium stole your title
They also got like 5,1M views in 4 days and this got 5 M in 4 years
I've had Nitinol glasses for years (they were FAR too expensive), I've closed them in binders, I hit them with a chair, and sat I them a million times they still look like new. These wheels are amazing. I'm actually surprised it wasn't thought if sooner. But then again I never put 2 and 2 together either. Awesome
SeenCreaTive I agree. I was surprised that this is considered new news. I'd expect the greatest scientific researchers on Earth to have thought of this before. Maybe they have, but it was too expensive to develop? That can't be it. Yeah, I don't get it.
Technology is amazing, my dad always says “we are living in the future” and to that I can agree after seeing a metal that can re-mould it’s self so easily
*itself
08:09 hersh mersh environment
I couldn't stop giggling at that xD
Hahaha but... 32 likes for 2 years? 🤔🤔
I don't understand how he can pronounce "M-ANY" but can't straighten his tongue out to pronounce "M-arsE." LOL!
SpaceX: Joins the chat
SpaceX: Wheels?! Where we’re going, We don’t need wheels.
I like the Back To The Future reference
It's so futuristic and medieval, it's memory metal chainmail
As someone who just finished a metallurgy-focused materials science course for his major, I loved your explanation of Nitinol and it's the coolest thing
You deserve these partnerships, Great Job
Damn Vertasium really just ripped mostly everything from this video, just spent more money to interview people in person
2:36 No it doesn't have a nuclear reactor... it has a Radioisotope thermoelectric generator or RTG for power. RTGs use an atomic battery which converts decay heat into electricity but the heat produced is from radioactive decay, NOT a fission chain reaction as in a nuclear reactor.
Interestingly enough, the distinction there isn't huge. MOST of the energy from a fission reaction is from the kinetic energy of the 2 fission products. This is actually similar to the alpha emissions from decay of Pu238. Fission, technically, is a form of radioactive decay. Some materials even have significant spontaneous fission rates. While us in the biz still prefer calling them generators or batteries rather than reactors, their are subtleties enough to nod your head and excuse it for lay people.
"Interestingly enough, the distinction there isn't huge."
HELL NO. The distinction is huge. In the energy released total and power, which in fission is immense while radioactive decay is comparatively low, and also in the vastly different energy producing processes that I explained already.
"MOST of the energy from a fission reaction is from the kinetic energy of the 2 fission products."
Wrong. The vast majority of energy from fission is released in the form of energetic x-rays.
"Fission, technically, is a form of radioactive decay."
No it's not. Fission is a chain reaction. You do not know what you are talking about.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fission
I love how literally no one can read one single freaking line before acting like a humongous anti-vaxxer.
So, for fission about 160 MeV are from the kinetic energy of the particles, while only about 14 MeV are from gamma emissions (xrays need not apply). in all, when you include beta decays and losses from neutrinos, about 80% of total fission energy is from the kinetic energy of the particles. This is how reactors work at all as if most of the energy were from photon emissions it would be easy to make reactors that directly convert this energy to electricity rather than using the heat to generate steam to generate electricity.
In every single one of my nuclear engineering textbooks, fission is referred to as a type of decay. This is because fission happens spontaneously already, we are just inducing it via a neutron absorption.
There is no chain reaction, so that much is true, and the volume of power per reaction is also smaller, but the method of extracting the energy is very similar (thermally). Of course they are using thermocouples rather than other thermodynamic cycles, but they are more brethren than they are anything else. The process might be different but the end result is rather similar. Fission is volumes more intense and involves a chain reaction, but is still about harnessing heat from nuclear decay processes, namely fission vs alpha decay.
I just ran a twitter poll and it seems like this is a common misconception, that nuclear reactions are mainly emitting photons! Fascinating!
8:08 hersh mershan environment?? :)
I thought I was the only one to notice that.
iforce2d - c'mon mate, you're a kiwi. Your entire country only uses one vowel - 'uh'.
Get in the caaaaer! The maershan caer.
Never heard an Irish accent before?
Oirish?
This is amazing and inspiring
Absolutely Amazing! well done Fair play!
A COMPETITION!?
Just go to KSP!
>inb4 someone suggest antigravity repulsors
I hope they make cars from memory metal one day.
Oh some A-hole ran a red light and dented your door? Toss some hot water on that baby and BLAMO - car fixed
How would they make profit then? Gasoline isn't a good fuel, either. Humanity sucks for being wasteful -.-
although you don’t have many subscribers, you are a jewel to us who look forward to learning something new with every video. Thank you, and please never stop
Nat many subscribers? No offense, but he has 2.5 million subscribers.
@@barthurs99 Did he get all of those within less than a year? I should make my own science channel maybe...
and the perseverance rover was like, nah, im good
I had no idea how big the Mars rover was until I saw it in VR. I always figured it was about the size of a large RC car, but it's HUGE!
It's the biggest one so far, as far as I know; the older ones were closer to the size you were expecting.
TiagoTiago nope curiosity is only marginally larger than the others it’s just much heavier
Alucard i.redd.it/axr1p30xcgb01.jpg
Alucard Also this: www.jpl.nasa.gov/infographics/uploads/infographics/full/10889.png
This is why I love material science. Thank you so much for this amazing video real engineering.
FREAKING WOOWWWWW!!!! THIS IS AWESOME!!! THANKS!!!
Point of order: It does not have a nuclear reactor. It has an RTG. One works by splitting atoms to heat water, which makes high pressure steam which is then run through a turbine to create electricity... The other just soaks up natural decay heat and turns it directly into electricity.
This is awesome because I am currently on the last book of Kim Stanley Robinson's Red mars series. Great video. Keep it up.
Great video, the quality of the videos is getting better and better, thanks for putting in the references.
Completely agree! Happy to see the improvements!
this is exactly why I'm subscribed to your channel
Always One Man Standing ... @MARS & Thank You So Much From A Human On Earth & x ,.
Amazing video as always... you’re easily in my top 3 favourite CZcamsrs. Btw, congrats for that sponsor
Early BC
-Wheels
2019
-Spring Tires
2050
-Floating wheels
3000
- Floating seats
Shall i say it and r/whoosh myself?
Floating wheels 2050
Either
Floating like flying or Floating coz all ice melted.
@@JKirbyD nobody asked u
Still waiting on hover cars
disappointing that this wasn't on Perseverance
7:45 " When the stress passes a threshold it actually causes the lattice to transform to austenite. And when the stress is released it returns to martensite." Doesn't stress transform the austenitic phase to martensite, and when stress is released it returns back to austenite instead of the other way around as explained in this video? Austenite phase is the parent phase and martensite phase is the daughter phase (this forms the twinned martensite lattice).
You're smart. I like that :)
I was about to leave such a comment. I wonder aren't these videos reviewed before being posted!!
exactly, is Austenite -> Martensite due to applied load and reverse transformation due to unloading.
Why not build wheels made of Nokia phones?
II NASA: You have been hired
Don't want to damage Mars too much
They should have both nokia and flex tape as protection!
They needs wheels, not rock crusher.
Weight :/ you didn't think they'd have thought of that?
Good job man!
Ahh, opportunity's grand children. May you continue the faithful mission
Great video! Just for clarification, for pseudoelasticity (super elasticity), Martensite is stress induced and it returns to Austenite once the load is released.
It's funny how you say Mars (Murrs). But really informative video.
Hearning someone from Northern Ireland say 'mirror' is a special treat. "Have a look in the mrrrrrr."
i can't unhear this now :D, thanks :P
@• A S T R O N A U T • 😂😂
i fing it amusing when he says "car" Curr
But will it blend?
This is an og
*loud metallic scraping*
“Doesn’t seem like it will, shall we use turbo?”
*Jet turbine starts up*
This... is... AMAZING!
What prevents the accumulation of dirt and rocks inside the tire? It seems like it wouldn't take long before it would be full of debris that would increase the weight, and start to wear at the metal fibers (getting wedged into the gaps, and preventing the fibers from elastically reshaping). I assumed the Curiosity's tires were open-sided to allow this kind of debris to simply 'roll out'...
8:08 That hersh mershian damn
The wheels on the Rover go round and round...
Just not very far.
Awesome video, man.
I wanna learn planetary photoshopping to secure a job with NASA
Shape memory alloys are so crazy. I remember in science class when our teacher wound a shape-memory alloy wire into a bundle, then dropped it into hot water, and it immediately popped back into a straight line and jumped out of the water.
What course are u persuing? Material science?
my brain is a shame memory alloy
It was in a secondary school chemistry class. I can't remember exactly what the topic was though.
We had some really cool teachers who would sometimes do science demos which weren't always relevant to what we were learning. It was fun.
Wow...
Just use flextape and nokias, there, indestructible.
Nokia/Duct Tape (NokiaDuct) Tires.
Please think like an adult and not with a 5 y/o kid's brain
*Found the genius ^*
@@ClaraSticks.like.figure Please think like a human, not a robot
@@ClaraSticks.like.figure
Please kindly fuck off. :)
Love it 😍
Excellent innovation
8:09 Where does this Hersh-Mershen -environment occur?
In mersh
Whal den.. I'd soopose dat iksplens dat.
finally, a sponsorship I actually care about that doesn't need an annoying hamfisted segway
for info, it's written segue, and not segway.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segue
@@satibel the hero we don't deserve
Don't knock it when it's free, just lookat what MotorTrend did. They'll warm you up, fuck you, then try to tease you into paying for "premium" content.
DaOzMan the fuck kind of premium content would the raf be able to give?
They didn't reinvent the wheel, they reinvented the tire.
Also, for the record, the wheel is not as simple as people think. It's nothing without an axle, and doesn't work nearly as well without bearings.
It's just clickbait, you are really overthinking this
Tyre*
Nathan Johnson you are the example of someone braindead.
“How nasa reinvented the wheel” ... “the wheel will never be reinvented”
There are wheels that aren't round, doesn't that count as re invented?
C Smith completely out of context but ok
This video is NOT sponsored by Brilliant OR Skillshare? Ya messin' with my marbles here man!
Ikr
top of the morning to ya boyo
Veratasium basically redid this video... for some reason
What a awesome job
Congrats on such an amazing sponsorship
I just can't stop noticing the way he says "Mers" :-D
preparing for new pandemics
It’s 4:13 am and instead of getting sleep I’m watching real engineering. Life is great!
4:52 for me lmao
In the 1980's, I met the guy who helped design the lunar rover wheels. He came by my father in-laws auto mechanic shop with a relative who I knew. He was very curious and took notes the whole time he was at the shop. Not sure what the notes contained. I had no idea of the lunar wheels construction until watching your video.
You literally got sponsored by the British air force?
Royal Air Force.
Get the name right dumbass
Villainous foreigner well I mean it’s right both ways I’m pretty sure, the Royal Air Force is Britain’s Air Force hence the British Air Force?
Semantic as fuck, m8. Britain has an air force. That makes it a British air force, called the Royal Air Force.
You're not going to see Americans sperg that hard if you called ours the American Air Force, because it's pretty obvious you mean the US Air Force.
Chad BroChill no dumb fuck the name is the Royal Air Force. Is not semantic. There is no such thing as the British Air Force. It’s the Royal Air Force. It was the RAF that fought the Battle of Britain. You don’t call the sas the bas. You don’t call navy seals the navy penguins. Respect the history respect the name
Can u make a video on how radio communication works how pcb of communication works how we controle a satallite all type of communication plz this topic deserve some video
I need more real engineering
a company i was a machinist for made the hub assemblies for the rover. company is called Next Intent based out of san luis obispo, ca. it was awesome being to hold them and put the finishing touches on the surfaces of the assemblies. a part i touched is on mars =]
Rip Oppy and its incredible journey
He says "mars" like a frikken pirate bruh
ay
It’s an accent
I wonder why stereotypical pirates always have Irish accents.
Oom Tier I imagine a stereotypical with a Somalian accent personally
Maers
Finally a science video which uses proper metric system
"You don't have to reinvent the wheel."
Nasa: "Actually yes."
I ask randomly around: Want some Science-channel to check out?
Aka: Want some Recommendations from me?
Okay, but how will it deal with small rocks getting stuck in the springs?
Perhaps in the rim you could have an air hose. As the tire rotates, air is released to blow the stuck particles.
Dumb question such a simole problem. Tons of engineers works for nasa and you thing they didn't thought of that?
maffy taffy - he was just asking a question. One can always gain more knowledge. You didn’t even attempt to answer. You just said it’s been answered. If they have thought of it, why don’t you share their solution?
@@CT--sy8sy you just did.
maffy taffy - that does not validate you being rude and degrading.
Radioisotope thermoelectric generator isn't a nuclear reactor.
it still uses nuclear material to produce power
Close enough for anyone to get the idea of whats going on.
"I am so smart"
It generates power via nuclear decay, so for your average person watching this video it is an easier and still fairly accurate description.
I don't usually argue semantics, but my point is that reactor is device that contains and controls some sort of a reaction. RTG uses heat from spontaneous nuclear decay to generate electricity. You don't need to engineer anything to make plutonium decay. It is spontaneous.
Writers: "So, has anyone listened to the narrator's rendition of our piece?"
Narrator: "Meerrrrrrhs"
This Video should be titled: How Goodyear Reinvented The Wheel - Shape Memory Alloys
Give credit where credit is due...
armando dane How NASA let Goodyear make a better version of a tire*
There is no research without anyone paying for it.
@@agoradacerto The guy that made insulin wanted for it to be free. Jonas Salk made his life-saving polio vaccine for free. People can be motivated by things other than profit.
@@ironicdivinemandatestan4262 yes but money is needed to carry out research
@@agoradacerto by that logic: "tax payers let Goodyear reinvent the wheel".
Curiosity rover doesn't have a nuclear reactor, it's has a RTG.
Vikrant Rai what’s the difference ?
Good point Vikrant, but I'd guess it won't matter all that much to the person in the street. Nuclear-shmuclear. ;)
@@rahulsrinivas497 nuclear reactors use nuclear reactions to produce heat, which then boils water to drive a turbine. RTGs use decay heat to create a thermoelectric effect.
A nuclear reactor uses enough of the radioactive active material (critical mass) to start a chain reaction called fission. This is basically a nuke going off really slowly. Using the heat produced it boils water drives turbines with the steam. The RTG in Curiosity does not have enough of the radioactive material to start the chain reaction. Instead, it captures the passive radiation coming off a piece of plutonium and converts that to electricity.
via thermal-electric-couples, yeah. I can understand the confusion as in the simplest of terms they both use radioactive stuff for heat.
“Haarsh maarshan environment!” :-)
Veritasium turned into kakashi the copy ninja real quick 💀
This is awesome, I guess it's official then. I got Veritasium's video recommended and searched for "nasa wheels", then found this video lmao. Didn't even watch theirs (also just downvoted it).
Thank you
I'm surprised there was no sand/granular materials in the testing videos. It would be interesting to see how much this experimental wheel retains.
Nazi germany: How are you shooting down our planes.
RAF(hiding radar): carrots improve you're vision at night.
to achieve a superelstic/pseudoelastic behavior of nitinol, one requires a temperature higher than A_f. in space this temperature should be very small which rely to a lot of work on component concentration of this alloy. Good job.
Super Nice NASAMATION
Its not reinventing the wheel... Just the tire
No one asked.
Galactipod nobody asked you be a ass, but there you are.
The Stoned Raider ouch
I mean they used a different rim than the regular ones did they? I''m pretty sure they didn't discuss the rim part because it's not really the one that's the issue but pretty sure they
gotta change the rim in order to get that tire to work.
In car culture wheel can mean the tire plus the rim
maers
Just had to look for someone else thinking about it!
Murphhhhhh
JL MÆRS
How cheap titanium wheels. LoL. Why dont we reinvent our cars with titanium nickel alloys
😂😂😂😂😂😂
I thought Metal Gear Solid Twin Snakes' Shape Memory Alloy card was some sci-fi cool concept. Guess I underestimated them. This is epic stuff. So cool this was made.
The way you say MARS is really something