To Infinity and Beyond: The Accelerating Universe
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- čas přidán 1. 06. 2024
- Dark energy is cosmology's biggest mystery-an anti-gravitational force that confounds the conventional laws of physics. It makes up more than two-thirds of the cosmos, but science is still grappling to explain what dark energy actually is. In this program, top physicists search for clues to this mystery in both the earliest moments of the universe and far into the future of the cosmos.
This program is part of the Big Ideas Series, made possible with support from the John Templeton Foundation.
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Original Program Date: 05/28/2015
Host: Lawrence Krauss
PARTICIPANTS: Josh Frieman, Priyamvada Natarajan, Adam Riess, Jan Tauber, Neil Turok
Lawrence Krauss's introduction. 00:00
The geometry of space. 4:28
How to create the clumps from inflation? 8:50
Einsteins equations. 13:23
Participant Introductions. 17:50
What does expansion mean? 20:00
what have we learned since the cosmological constant? 29:20
What do the observations show? 37:00
There is no evidence of gravitational waves. 43:00
What is the useless useful? 46:04
Leading the hunt for dark energy. 53:51
Proving a cosmological constant. 1:02:00
Will we be able to measure that dark energy as the cosmological constant in this lifetime? 1:07:01
The history of the universe and forming a black hole. 1:16:59 - Věda a technologie
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Hasn't gravitational waves been detected? Not in the CMB, but from colliding neutron stars. So I've heard at least.
Talking about dark energy, one thing in this video made me intrigued
.
This great scientists say: the universe is infinitely expanding, but dark energy is not, it stays stable, it does not expand along with matter.
I do not know how to test this mathematically, but logically it seems obvious to me that if something is stable and does not expand, it is because it has already occupied all the space it had to occupy.
And that would lead to another hypothesis, that is: dark energy is not part of "this universe", but of all space, including where this universe is expanding to. Dark energy is already "there", in other words, so it does not expand. Maybe it always be there, since the "beginning".
Any sense?
@@matthewsmith1779 Not at the time this was made.
Perhaps inflation needs a bit of a rethink... What if the "big bang" wasn't a bang as much as a change of phase? If we look at the fundamental forces, they seem to combine as we go back closer in time toward the big bang--What if time started when the quantum energy fields separated into their current arrangement? The inflation period would be the time frame from when there was/were one or just a few fields, which decayed or separated in some way, into the current 42 or so we have identified giving rise to a completely different reality we currently inhabit?? That inflation was the start of the process and the end of inflation is our currently reality and some really odd things occurred during this change of phase.
please, please, please translate in to italian too.
Lawrence Kraus is a gem
We know galaxies are receding from each other because as we look farther away they get closer together. The scope of the Universe is unfathomable as it should be. Infinity is so damn hard to see. We will never know what is beyond what we can see no matter how far we look. It's hard to accept but it is also beautiful.
Andromeda and our milky way galaxies are coming closer to each other on road to a collision. This is what the scientists claim.
I wonder how different this talk would be if they had it today... So much happened this year. Great talk, I love this channel!
Priya seems to be a very good explainer, kept everything simple, using easy to understand analogies (potholes, lumps, etc.). The others were good too, but she was especially good.
Loved the interactions between Lawrence Krauss and Neil Turok at the end. Even though Krauss was supposedly the impartial moderator of the topic, you could tell he was an equal participant in the topic too, and he and Turok had very different rival theories about Inflation and the Big Bang. Like watching a couple of heavy-weight fighters taking little jabs at each other.
It's interesting watching this after they've discovered gravitational waves.
Also the taking of the picture of the black hole which creates gravitational waves.Its a good time for exciting science.
@@tonib5899
" Gravitational Waves " move away from the source , not inwards towards the source .
@@philharmer198 I am aware of that, my point was they they move at the speed of light, but I may have said that in a different post.
Kind of literally light years ahead of TED talks, at least in the study of the universe. Awesome dream fuel.
hard agree! my mind has been blown a few times watching these vids lol. a few "assumptions" or theories presented on shows like How The Universe Works, etc that i could not understand the leap in logic while watching, start making sense after hearing these brilliant minds explain them a bit more in depth
It is amazing how much can change in a short period of time. Based off the discussion of 'No Evidence of Gravitational Waves' @ 43:00, I wonder if there could be a follow up discussion ; not necessarily based off BICEP's observation, but LIGO's findings earlier this year.
Funny listening to parts of this now after proving gravitational waves exist..cant imagine what we'll know 10, 20, 50 years from now and think how funny it'll be listening to the things we think we know now
they've finally posted the whole discussion on here
yugang08 Yeah, what's with the 5min soundbites? They don't make sense when you're editing a panel discussion...
Excellent! A great panel that clearly presented many of the cutting edge ideas in Astronomy.
Thanks!
Only thing to add.
Follow it with deep drill down presentations on each of the major ideas presented.
I also wonder what Neil Turok has to say now that gravitational waves have indeed been detected.
And - instead of interpreting his statements, I say let them stand on their own. NT didn't say "gravitational waves produced by the big bang or inflation haven't been observed," he said "gravitational waves haven't been observed."
NT also implies that because super-symmetric particles and more massive Higgs bosons haven't been discovered in the LHC, they must not exist. But that REALLY only means that they (apparently) don't exist at the energy levels (distances) probed by LHC - NOT that they "don't exist.". "Absence of evidence is NOT evidence of absence..." as one of the panelists said early on.
Look - I truly appreciate informed scientific skeptics and rule breakers. Eratosthenes. Copernicus. Kepler. Galileo. Newton. Maxwell. Planck. Bohr. Einstein. Heisenberg. Dirac. Schrodinger. Hubble. (And MANY more...) They ALL abandoned the current scientific dogma of their times and led us to amazing new truths about our universe. And I get that Neil Turok has a "brain the size of a planet!" But he makes many seemingly unfounded assumptions in his explanation of his personal views...
If history is truly our guide, the next scientific revolution will likely be far stranger than anything imagined to date - and THAT'S why I love science!
the problem mentioned at 27 minutes has a solution. i found the answer. time is negative. Riess suspected a negative sign problem. the negative sign is missing in his calculation. he speeks of the most distance galaxies moving in real time or current time, evenafter he tells us that these most distance galaxies are next to the most ancient parts of the universe. the high red shift of these most distance galaxies, the high expansion rate of this part of the universe has absolutely nothing to do with what the universe is doing today. the acceleration is not increasing but just the opposite. the early universe expanded faster but slowed as the universe ages and the chart shows the redshift tending to the blue edge of the spectrum as time progresses.
hence, no dark energy from this perspective.
Interesting watching the battle with the guy at end - wondering what his response is now with the confirmation of gravity waves only a short time after this interview. But I must admit, I do think like him, and agree that the simplest explanation of nature is usually the correct one, and back in 2015, I would have found his explanations most convincing.
Now that we've detected gravitational waves could you bring back these guests for an update?
Yes...Exactly what I was thinking during half of this video!
Actually, they weren't talking about gravitational waves in general, but the gravitational waves after the Big Bang & Inflation specifically. We know gravitational waves exist when it comes to a couple of black holes merging. However, what they hoped to find evidence for was for gravitational waves in the light of the CMBR. That's what the Bicep2 retracted announcement in 2015 was about, they had thought they had discovered the signature of gravitational waves in polarization pattern of the CMBR, but what it turned out to be was that the polarization was caused by dust particles within the Milky Way itself. So they had to retract their claim of discovery. They are now trying to find a way to detect areas of the sky which aren't as heavily affected by galactic dust, and see if polarization still occurs there. If they still find polarization, then it's a discovery of gravitational waves, and therefore a confirmation of Inflation theory; otherwise, it's not a confirmation of Inflation theory, and Neil Turok's alternative theory would come to the forefront.
Gravitational Waves of Neutron Stars and Black holes have been measured. But has Gravitational Waves of the Cosmic Microwave Background been measured?
I believe your confusion has been adequately addressed. No need to comment. D'oh! Too late :(
You are confused. The CMB has nothing to do with gravity waves.
Finally! I was waiting for this video since may!!! Knowledge!!!
Knowledge ❗
Neil Turak is the most intelligent individual person on this panel.
Galaxia ... Ed Witten would beg to differ, but Turok is definitely a top-5 brain.
I loved the barely concealed rivalry between him and Krauss. Taking little shots at each other. :)
The 2 most respected physicists in the world today are Edward Witten and Nima Arkani Hamed but I agree Neil is certainly up there.
@@SSagan 2 Gravitational waves in the Cosmic Microwave Background have been detected? When did that happen?? I think you are confusing the detection of GW's from blackhole & neutron star mergers by LIGO with GW's potentially produced at the Big Bang as predicted in many inflationary models in the CMB. The later was discussed by the panel when they were talking about the BISON experiment confusing polarization of light in the CMB with polarization of light from dust. Neil was talking about GW's from the Big Bang.
@@EconAtheist @UCR16LkunxjHR_Oxk7wWH1JA Arkani Hamed and Witten were not on this panel
really great introduction!!
Thankyou for this!!!! Wondeful !!!!!!!!
I would like to see more of Lawrence Krauss presentations. Love his sense of humor and insights on the latest science topics.
The lady Privamvada is a smart cookie! Wow
The speed of gravity = c (LIGO)
The speed of the electric field = c (speed of electricity)
So c is the speed of fields, not the speed of light.
So why is the speed of light = c? Because light travels through the Luminiferous Aether which is a magnet medium so the speed of light is actually the speed of the Magnetic field.
Thank you.
good stuff :)
I like the multiverse theory personally, throw in a little "As above so below" & voila! Blackholes become the gateways to new big bangs where the information is reassembled in a different dimension of spacetime making the cosmos somewhat infinitely large like a fractal where scale & time becomes beyond comprehension of even the most insanely existentialist mathematician.
and as is typical, when mankind learns how to traverse it, we won't stop for directions. :)
Muskoka Man Definitely fractals.
Muskoka Man Somewhat related: I imagine the physical universe as a kind of Klein bottle - or multiple interconnected Klein bottles (boingboing.net/2013/05/25/triple-nested-klein-bottle.html). Black holes are drain passages and the return valves on the other end are incomprehensibly small. When the pressure from the expansion of the universe forces the huge quantity of information into the drain passages and through the infinitesimal return valves, the result is like opening a fire hose with a tiny bore nozzle set to wide-angle spray. This event would cause an explosion of information ("big bang") into the receptacle(s) - in an infinite cycle.
brandex2011 Interesting!
+Muskoka Man Like an infinite matryoshka doll
what is world science festival? i been following all videos ! i feel these things we my discovery ,, but was dissapointed as its already in discussion... good lead ppl..
Great inf.
If the CMB picture is correct the universe is an oblate sphere.if we can see the same distance in every direction that also infers a spherical shape. So locally it’s flat but on the biggest scale it’s round. Yet why does the cosmic web have no particular shape.
Another banger
*Alien kid: is that true? Is our universe FLAT?!
*Alien dad: What?! No. Stop watching Human TV. Theyre still down there arguing if the earth is flat or round...
Alien kid
Your actually listening to Jeffrey epsteins best friend .lol.
And as he tells you this is fact , All new measurements of expansion is different constants or "lands" which means inflation is in big trouble. At least how it's currently known. This also can mean that universes isn't isotropic.
That would blow up physics and istope decay. That means dating we use isn't what we think it is.
This is exciting if they continue to measure what they are. They have 6 of 7 was to measure and they all are showing variable speeds of expansion depending on where the look.
I'm only and in my life I was taught this is fact only to see it rewritten a couple times later in life. Lol..
But this would be the biggest oops ever.
If there was a little astronomer. a trillion times smaller that an atomic nucleus, gazing out from the core of an apple would he see billions of spherical objects, separated by vast regions of empty space, but which did not appear to behave consistently with their observable mass, as if some dark force were holding them all together?
Exactly! What if there are no irreducible small particles? And if you need smaller particles to hold the already small particles together... And so on and so on..
@Dhyan Jay no, i meant that what if size is all relative and inside every atom here is an entire galaxy or universe of smaller particles that make that universe and inside every atom in THAT universe is another universe of smaller particles... And so on and so on... So that in the end there is no "smallest particle". Kinda like when you see one of the Zoom videos for Mandelbrot's set. There are many on youtube.
@Dhyan Jay thats based on measurements of the visible light spectrum... There are other "light" wavelengths that have other properties- gamma, X, infrared, etc... And these are just the frequencies we can measure with technology, otherwise we wouldn't even know it existed. We already know physics behaves different in macrocosms(celestial bodies, black holes, galaxies) than the physics at our scale, just as physics behaves differently at the quantum scale... Who's to say physics doesn't begin to behave differently, once again, beyond the quantum scale? We don't even fully understand all of physics- gravity, black holes, magnetism, quantum entanglement, etc, etc... As far as i can tell there is no definitive proof that size isn't relative. Our vision and senses are very limited in our current conscious state. Large scale maps of galaxies show similarities between galactic systems and our own nervous systems. We could seriously be just living on a speck inside someone's massive brain- which to them would be "normal" size. Ever see "horton hears a who"? Very similar concept. We cant be so naive to believe that there is nothing beyond our understanding or grasp. This universe is much larger and much smaller than we realize...
Dan Marron absolutely correct we are arrogant in the belief that what we observe is what exists. We only possess 5 senses and a very limited spectrum of observation even with our instruments.
Question: These 2D oval background radiation maps are (Aitoff?) projections of the 3D night sky right? 38:38 Why is this projection chosen over an equal area method? Is it because gravitational lensing messes up the proportions anyway?
Second question: Is saying that the geometry of the universe is flat, the same as to say that 4D space-time has itself 0 curvature?
When the rate of expansion becomes faster than light, then entropy will reverse itself and everything will begin happening again in reverse order. This suggests an infinitely oscillating universe. I just wonder if the oscillations are symmetrical. They would have to be if we are to believe mainstream theories. Unless Hawking was correct about information loss. Black holes are the one variable which could have broken the symmetry of an oscillating universe. In fact, I wouldn't consider this a paradox at all, rather a necessity, so long as a black hole's impact on an oscillation can be quantized through any effected world-lines. Determine this, and you may have a unifying theory. Patterns of oscillations could contain enough information to describe a system of higher order or the very system it contains.
Lawrence remind anyone else of that scientist from the simpsons?
You fkn nailed it dude!
Professor Frink 🤣🤣🤣
@@bwp7420 no lmk
@@jameslowery3315 huh?
thanks from Denmark
Wow what an intro!
He says (minute 8:03) "We now now - to an accuracy of better than 1% - that the universe is flat".
So that leaves 99% of change that the universe is not flat.
Dimitri Edgar Metz No. It means that there's only a 1% chance it isn't flat.
I understand that, that's what he means to say.
But you can also say the Earth is flat with an error of 0,78% and still it's round. (every 100km Earth curves 0,78km 'downward').
So what does an accuracy of 99% mean? It doesn't prove space is flat. There's still to much 'space' for error.
Sweet!!!
We used to think the world was flat, Pythagoras came along and showed it was round. We used to think the universe is a sphere. Now we know it's flat.
The observable universe will be ours to master. The unobservable universe is where the fun is. The problem is we have alot of trouble making the math work with what we observe in many cases. So we hold some things constant that are dynamic at the right extremes and the universe is nothing if not full of extremes.
1:08:03 is when it starts. You're welcome.
pro tip from Kansas: the earth looks very round, more so without mountains blocking the horizon.
My novel hypothesis that dark matter is just distortions in spactime by which the curvature alone is the cause of the gravity. Spactime has been observed to react like a fabric by warping, twisting, and propagating waves. These properties have been proven with observations of gravitational lensing, frame dragging, and recently gravitational waves. Fabrics can be stretched, pressured, and/or heated to the point of deformation losing elasticity. Such extreme conditions were all present during inflation, so it is plausible that spacetime’s elastic nature hit its yield point and deformed. Therefore, if gravity is the direct result of warped spactime, and fabrics can be deformed, then a deformation of spacetime could create a gravitational effect independent of mass. Dark matter may simply be a particle of the spacetime’s structure, instead an exotic particle sitting in spacetime causing the warped geodesics.
👍🏽🙏🏽 Spacetime being flexible witout mass introduces the variable you have described! Unique configurations of matter may enable the bending and twisting of spacetime, no positive or negative real mass needed.
One question that I've never had answered since my Cosmo studies...If we can detect accelerating expansion, why is a point of origin undetectable? It seems strangely similar to geo-centric thinking. Anyone with information would be appreciated.
every point in the universe is simultaneously the point of origin. Every observer is at the center of their observable universe
If the Universe is expanding and that expansion is accelerating what happens when we run the Universe backwards? Does everything keep slowing down until it stops at the Big Bang?
it hasn't necessarily been accelerating non-stop since the big bang, but basically yes, just as any explosion would.
The videos of the World Science Festival are among the most insightful and entertaining science material I found over the internet so far, but I'd like to make you a question.
If you cannot subtitle the videos by some reason, why just aren't allowed the automatic subtitles? If it could help people like me who just did not born in a country where people speak your language around me, can you imagine how could help people who are just by instance, deaf?
Science has to be done by far more people. In a time when skepticism is becoming less and less popular, if we scientists don't step down from this pedestals, we are accepting the risk of having us all the destiny of Hypatia. And no one is gonna stand up for us.
In this multiverse are some universes much older than the next , if so does the older universe influence the newer one through quantum physics
Krauss finally touched on the essence of the discussion, at about 1 hour he starts to compare today's rate of expansion to that of the early universe and then passes off to Reiss who quickly muddles through without any real numbers. after being interrupted the discussion degrades to predictions of planets in the solar system. i wanted to hear the actual current acceleration and recorded red shift as seen between some close local galaxy and the milkyway.
Hubble was a lawyer, so i can understand why he missed the point that the farther out you look the more ancient the data. but Krauss should have understood that the early universe expanded rapidly and as it gained age, time coming forward the galaxies movement away slowed. the farther away the higher the red shift. you view time in the negative, when looking into the past.
+Mootez Elhosni as i stated: in the video conducted by Krauss et al he stated the need to compare current and ancient rates of expansion of the universe. so tell Krauss of "no need for CURRENT acceleration and recorded red shift." the expansion is not exponential. it is as stated by space.com "expanding at a rate of 74.3 plus or minus 2.1 kilometers (46.2 plus or
minus 1.3 miles) per second per megaparsec (a megaparsec is roughly 3 million light-years)" this is a mere 0.007% per million years. very slow acceleration.
but this is irrelevant because i believe there is a mistake in the calculations.
Vortex: expanding to a point until it folds back to the center.
What a revolting title! What waves of curiosity and wonder it produces and one feels swept along.
We didn't know what we were doing? We specifically were trying to measure q0, and we had been studying supernovae since 1986 to measure distances. We determined how to use Type Ia SNe to measure distances between 1989-96. The value of q0 was surprising, but to say we didn't know what we were doing is not what happened Lawrence.
How about particles that have spacetime bending effects different from their actual standard mass. Stuff life EM black hole/neutron star analogues, relativistic particles, condensed matter. Gravity waves and lensing on a spectrum of scales can emerge as an "antigravity" effect! Observation!
Objects are moving far from each other as the space is expanding and accelerating and space w.r.t us beyond a certain distance moving at a speed greater than the speed of light.
How is this even comprehensible logically?
Space expanding.. what does it even mean? Is it an object? what is expanding out of what?
now, if it's so, what space is?
In regards to dark energy *
In the video " reality since einstein hosted by Brian Greene @ 36:05 he states that pressure yields gravity.
I beleive the extra gravity we are measuring is due to pressure of empty space-time its self, the energy of a vacuum. When space time is warped, the curve is filled with space, the energy of the space should have pressure added with greater depth. This is why we cannot see the gravitional sources, this would also explain why we measure it to be evenly dispersed. This would also explain the expansion of the universe. Like bubbles growing in size and accelerating in speed when rising under the pressure of water, so does matter, when under the affects of the pressure of a vacuum.
The reason our predictions of calculation the mass caused by the energy of a vacuum is too high is because we're basing our predictions on what we see in matter.
The mass caused by the energy of a vacuum in a confined particle under all four fundimental forces will be much higher than in a vacuum outside of matter.
Negative mass is possible if we are talking about relativistic mass. If the gravitational force caused by pressure of energy in a vacuum exceeds the gravitational attractions of matter, then we would have a negative number. That negative number would imply a rapidly accelerating universe, too rapid to hold matter together.
Great stuff. Maybe lose the 'indy pop' in the closing credits.
Neil Turok is spot on. Refreshing to hear a little sense among a see of silliness.
If the relative velocity of very remote ( ie long ago ) regions of the universe is higher than linearly proportional to the distance ( in space and time ) , then these very old regions are moving *faster* than the younger / closer ones , so expansion isn't speeding up but down , or am i dumb ?
Furthermore : at that stage of the Universe's Life Cycle , its Mass was way more concentrated , resulting in larger Red Shift of emitted Light .
If these two would cancel eachother out , the Universe would still be flat .
I guess i'm dumb .
'Hubble lawyer' Joke Counter: 1,694
Thought information travels faster than light...it´s instant! ...
Prove it!
Only if there is a Cosmic Mind that transcends the spacetime and the speed of light.
Gravitational waves have been detected... Next chapter please
Is there a followup to this presentation now that gravitational waves have been detected?
not from the CMB though.. his comment was misleading implying that gravitational waves would confirm inflation. they do not. only gravitational waves from the early universe/ ie. CMB would suggest that theory of inflation is correct
Tq so much for shedding lights. The West is such the promising 'prometheus'.
Interesting discussions. So many theories & ideas but sad to say, no final & definite conclusion. Not in my many lifetimes. Question is, why the Big Bang? Not how, but why it start; began,? Assuming to be true.
your team is awsome if i could help i would.
Aren't gravitational waves just all the ripple waves from collisions eventually creating steady troughs that essentially work like space fabric "canyons" so to speak? I was explained to that basically "stuff" smashes in to other stuff and over long long time periods the stuff that doesn't fuse together either gets caught in an orbit or catches other stuff in it's orbit to in a sense shield it from more intense collisions.... in that mental image if seemed like there aren't really gravitational waves so to speak but rather gravity can only exist as a byproduct of impact ripple waves interacting/interfering with each other and relating these elastic resonant cavities that have a very small range but a range nonetheless of objects that could potentially intersect and become stuck in. Anyone? I am clueless I thought we knew gravity wasn't an actual thing....
Infinite accelerating universe, dark matter, dark energy, and the rest of science conundrums can only be explained correctly once we have a complete understanding of the real true nature of gravity. I will publish online soon, in Singapore, my 30-year long fundamental research on the true nature of gravity. It solve all of the above mentioned problems.
The problem in your 180ﾟ and a triangle is when, said triangle doesn't account for A 180ﾟ but either smaller or larger; at that point you no longer dealing with 3 Straight lines.
Universe is a rubber band or a whip if speed is increasing. The space in-between everything is unimaginably increasing until gravity overcomes expansion. Dark matter is gravity and space dust.
Are you sure 🤔
A flat universe would go against everything else we observe. Virtually everything that's formed (not a piece of something else) in the universe is in the form of a sphere. Why should the universe be any different? The universe is mostly likely an immense curved sphere that's so big we could never observe or measure the curve itself.
its just a feedback loop , like in solar and planetary dynamo's , but , inflation is linked to gravitational sling shot effects of matter and the lagrangian points they make .. along with central massive black holes being replaced by galaxian lagrangian points that recycle matter and shoot matter and energy out what we use to call quasars ...
...yea its 2018
Ouch!
In The Great Circle of Infinity, the tangency of point-line-circle time-timing orthogonality tangentials, this is the Absolute Zero Kelvin i-reflection containment vanishing-into-no-thing Singularity inside-outside holographic time-timing sync-duration Reciproction-recirculation.
Ie pure-math relative-timing ratio-rates Circuitry of probabilistic correlations, temporal superposition spin-spiral log-antilog interference of e-Pi-i omnidirectional-dimensional cause-effect numberness.
Neil's part was so damn interesting, why did they stop him -.-
Wonder how he took the LIGO success :)
Curious the "branding" detail: the folding screens (set decor) like windows/Microsoft's logo, while he's holding the Apple's bitten apple... that he ends up throwing away.
G Bénard Wow - you have uncovered a conspiracy
I'm confused (not surprised) but if the theory of universes inside a black hole, which was what the last guy was talking about, is correct then surely the information of the universe would be constant? And if so doesn't that go against entropy? Don't think I really understood what he was getting at. Can anyone give a better explanation please?
mbk3986 Maybe the entropy in our universe has nothing to do with another universe. The laws about thermodynamics are about our universe.
But I am even much more confused (maybe I am missing something): Turok is strongly against the multiverse, but he advocates universes trough a black hole. Since we think there are many many black holes, that makes a multverse.....
OK what is it expanding into?
“Thx universe is flat” 😂😂 this man is nuts! The universe has at least 12 dimensions! I’m so clever. Is he a comedian?
what about the energy its used more energy loss weaker hold?
Why does inflation only go one way?
Even I know When something explodes it goes in all directions
13:55 Empty space is not truly empty. I know this holds true perhaps in the deep vacuum of space. But I do know for sure that there are a handful of people I know who have truly empty space where a brain should be.
🙂
Lawrence Kraus. No comment.
17:01 So what is the last 1.4%?
It's Kyary Pamyu Pamyu
Just SAD a video with this density of cleverness hasn't gotten (even auto-generated) _CC (Closed Captions)._ With accessibility like this, hearing challenged individuals might be left looking for the _'science'_ supposedly covered by the perhaps more properly named _World Silence Festival_ with their accessibility statement is *_"WSF: Where CC could just as easily denote 'Clothes Captains'!"_* Hehe? *;]*
Holy crap i just noticed that the top pinned comment is by them and they actually mentioned needing translators! I guess they are trying at least! ;]
What goes up must come down hasn't been true since we achieved 'escape velocity'. We left a lot of stuff on the moon, which proves that it went up, but it did not come back down.
isn't true that propibiltyility stand to say that in the universe we aren't the only lifeform existing. Based on a mathematical theory.
well the last guys idea is shot ,we have seen dizens if gravitational waves now. what a time eh?
dizens if ?
@@whirledpeas3477 dude dozens of . obs
"Sudhakaran-Sivaram Theory Of The Universe"Published By Amazon
Rather than calling it dark matter or dark energy would it not be more accurate to call it dark knowledge.
WHY do we need all this information? HOW do we apply this knowledge? Please explain .
Not all knowledge needs to be "applied." Knowledge can exist for its own sake.
There are several logistical errors...
Extrapolation is an effective investigative tool.
What we see is what there is.
Looking at a projection gives impeccably useful information about the source material.
Until people review these false assumptions there will continue to be problems. This reminds me of the factory workers who admonished me to not work hard because they want to milk it.
The introduction was amazing it told a lot that were missing in all other ones I have seen to date on this subject but was too fast too loaded with import for me requiring listening multiple times several sections
The obvious question is how can galaxies be reliable measurement points for mapping dark matter when they can’t be used to reliably measure acceleration
Turok’s insistence that gravitational waves don’t exist must be making him feel a little foolish these days, along with most of his theories falling flat as well.
if the universe is expanding, perhaps the balance of anti-matter is on the very outter "fringe" of the expansion, and cannot annihilate anything...yet.
a physicist told me when i was 10, science doesn't "suck" lol
The currently accepted theory that our universe is an expanding [emergent] hypersphere at the speed of light, mine is that there is a super massive black hole at the center of our universe instead, and all matter in our universe is entangled with it making the universe steady state. I treat matter-energy differently then electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic spacetime continuum is an open universe that coexists with a closed mass-energy universe in a close by, but separate [bran] gravitational spacetime continuum. Certain vibrational frequencies of the gravitational spacetime continuum form harmonics where entanglement occurs. The fourth harmonic is where gravity [so-called dark matter] occurs in the presence of matter. The tenth harmonic is where anti-gravity[so-called dark energy] occurs, where there is an absence of matter.
My hypothesis is that protons [holes in the semiconductor junction] in all forms of matter and their presence in our location in the universe, this is the source of the attractive force of gravity in the vicinity of matter. My discovery is at 100nm distance away the force of gravity is magnified and can be harnessed to produce gravitomagnetic induction with my invention, the mass spin-valve or gravitational rectifier, due to this gravity large extra dimension. The other novel thing I discovered in the absence of matter produces a repulsive anti-gravity force that is much weaker then the gravity force and balloon like. Electrons however do not contribute enough mass to really effect gravitation in any significant way.
While bound in electron orbital in the solid, hole mobility is limited and much slower then electron mobility in the semiconductor crystal My assumption, based on semiconductor theory for holes, that speed of light doesn't apply to holes, making quantum entanglement, and superconductivity possible in solids.
Magnetism is a property of electromagnetism produced by electron states in matter; gravity is produced by the mass of the matter which mass comes from the mass of the neutrons and protons of the element of matter as described in the periodic table of the elements of matter.
Particle
Name.............Mass
proton.............1.6726 x 10^-27 kg
neutron...........1.6749 x 10^-27 kg
electron..........0.00091x10^-27 kg
Holes are the mechanism for quantum tunneling in the semiconductor; as well as superconductivity. To understand how "holes" work it is useful to examine the Hall effect in semiconductors. The Hall effect is due to the nature of the current in a conductor. Current consists of the movement of many small charge carriers, typically electrons, holes, what are called mobile ions or all three. When a magnetic field is present that is not parallel to the direction of motion of moving charges, these charges experience a force, called the Lorentz force. When such a magnetic field is absent, the charges follow approximately straight, 'line of sight' paths between collisions with impurities, phonons, etc. However, when a magnetic field with a perpendicular component is applied, their paths between collisions are curved so that moving charges accumulate on one face of the material. This leaves equal and opposite charges exposed on the other face, where there is a scarcity ofmobile charges. The result is an asymmetric distribution of charge density across the Hall element that is perpendicular to both the 'line of sight' path and the applied magnetic field. The separation of charge establishes an electric field that opposes the migration of further charge, so a steady electrical potential is established for as long as the charge is flowing.
Both forms of gravitation experience time dilation and that's because they are time dependent forces. Electromagnetism EM or light has none of these properties except for anti-gravity and light are both mass-less. Light is mass-less because it is time independent and that's why speed of light is constant irrespective of the frame of reference you are in. Anti-gravity is mass-less because the force is produced by the absence of matter. So if you want to use the photon particle wave analogy graviton is a time dependent massive particle wave; anti-graviton is a time dependent mass-less particle wave, and photon is a time independent mass-less particle wave. The time difference between gravitational energy and electromagnetic energy is what I refer to as the non-renormalizability of Time and this is property that is caused by gravitational frame dragging.
Your thoughts are welcomed.
Michael E Boyd Great hypothesis about the universe as a steady state. Your perspective seems to be somewhat dependent on particle theory as an imposition of gravity on matter which is then defined as mass. I believe that particles are not a real event, but only our observations of a space/time conjunction of wave behavior. It is our limited abilities of perception that describe particles. For example, a coalescence of light observed within a certain time frame is labelled a "photon" whereas you say "Light is mass-less", and I agree with you on that point. However, I believe that principle applies equally throughout the observable universe. Particles are not constants. When observed, particles would actually be only phases of wave motion; momentary states of observable wave behavior like eddies in fluid dynamics. Particles and their mass measurement is then an issue of observation.
I also believe that the universe is not a steady state field. The analogy I proposed previously to Muskoka Man, is to imagine the physical universe as a kind of Klein bottle - or multiple interconnected Klein bottles (boingboing.net/2013/05/25/triple-nested-klein-bottle.html). Black holes are relief valves (drain passages) and the return valves on the other end are incomprehensibly small. When the pressure from the expansion of the universe forces huge quantities of information into the relief valves and through the infinitesimal return valves, the result is like opening a fire hose with a tiny bore nozzle set to wide-angle spray. This event would cause an explosion of information ("big bang") into the receptacle (fire hose reservoir) - in an infinite cycle.
Thoughts?
brandex2011 The important thing is that you have to remember to produce frequencies that have equal number of odd and even harmonics so that when you produce harmonic progression by creating two of these special shaped frequencies you will produce a Plasmon wave at the eighth harmonic. Plasmon waves are carriers of energy and have the ability to travel resistance free." That's not inconsistent with my theory that the "spontaneous absorption and emission of light" is a by product of properties of gravitation produced by matter's [hole states] in two of the Fibonacci sequences that are quantum entangled on both sides of the super massive black hole at the center of the universe. When I was studying dislocation in the semiconductor crystal I noticed that in most crystal matrix the spontaneous appearance of interstitial screw type dislocations appear in the crystal lattice over time. I hypothesis these appear due to the emergent nature of gravitational space and time [i.e. space-time] from the super massive black hole at the center of our universe. Because we are constantly in motion there are characteristic plasmon waves, where these wave states act as carriers of energy [quasi-particles] and have the ability to travel resistance free [superconductivity]....but they also have the ability through the superposition of states [harmonics] to act as a power amplifier too. It is closed convergent gravity which is time dependent [massive graviton quasi particle], an open time independent divergent electromagnetism [massless photon quasi particle], superimposing to produce divergent antigravity, which is also time dependent in the same time domain as gravity is [i.e. massless anti-graviton quasi particle]. GR is built on gravitational time dependance [i.e., frame dragging] while EM and SR is not. That's why speed of EM is independent from your frame of reference; it's time independent. SR [linear space time] is a special case of GR [non-linear spacetime] after all.
Recent research conducted in Europe proved that the node points at the zero-point when three harmonics each of the eighth in a state of Quantum Spin produces gravity. That is if the gravitational spin is spiralling at the standard direction of that particular hemisphere and this depends on the standard effect of Nature to step harmonics from a lower frequency up to a higher frequency. To make Nature run the opposite way then the harmonics travels from a higher frequency like 32’768 Hz down to 4096 Hz then the spin spirals in the opposite direction producing at the node points anti-gravity.
This is actually the spin state of a graviton and anti-graviton respectively, where a graviton is produced by the presence of matter's nucleus, nano-bumps, and the anti-graviton is produced by the absence of matter's nucleus, nano-pits.
Please See www.calfree.com/FiguresGravityRectifierPZTvGMRpit&bump.pdf
for the measured effects of geometry, on gravitational fields and time. The geometry of matter, or lack there of, causes a force field to be produced that I could measure.
The first page shows the 3-D atomic force microscope (AFM) rendering of the 10um x 10um square nano-bump that produced the ringing PZT readback signal on lower left of a strong pulling force. The readback signal on the lower right is the associated gravitomagnetic induction [graviton] signal the nano-bump produced which is also a negative amplitude voltage gravitomagnetic induction signal.
The second page shows the 3-D AFM rendering of the 10um x 10um square nano-pit that produced the damped PZT readback signal on lower left of a 84% weaker push force. The readback signal on the lower right is the associated gravitomagnetic induction [anti-graviton] signal the nano-pit produced which is also a positive amplitude voltage gravitomagnetic induction signal.
I calibrated this gravitomagnetic induction signal output voltages of
these nano-features to a calibration pit using a magnetic force
microscope to measure force magnitude converting recorded volts to
nanoNewtons force. It's pretty much 1Volt=1nNewtons force for
calculation purposes.
The third page takes the gravitomagnetic induction readback signal from the same 10um x 10um square nano-bump on page 1 to show how this calculation works, and the fourth page does this calculation of the measured force strength, for a 40um x 40um square nano-pit.
Michael E Boyd By steady state I mean the universe is in a constant state of creation and annihilation of matter energy [a closed steady state universe], while the electromagnetic signature of that universe [an open universe] propagates at 3x10^8 m/sec everywhere. So our universe is steady state in the same way that atoms making up matter at the nano-scale are steady state [not]. But I thought stable matter lasted for ever, and only radioactive matter was unstable?
In Cartography of the Local Cosmos the authors' examine what is called "The Great Attractor" in the Centaurus A Cluster. The video can be found here: vimeo.com/64868713 My hypothesis is that this video and the article Cartography of the Local Cosmos support the theory that there is a super massive black hole at the center of our universe; instead of the currently accepted theory that it is an expanding [emergent] hypersphere instead. But you really have to take the time to watch this carefully at around twelve minutes in until around fifteen minutes. If you look closely you will find [as i have] that we exist in the jet of this super massive black hole [follow the vector arrows directions near the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies]. Also you should note that the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are entangled together too, due to some time in the past the two galaxies embracing....maybe that's what produces the gravitomagnetic fields....i.e., the gravitational bran.
So thanks for your thoughts as always.
Michael E Boyd Thanks for clarifying steady state as constant state. Now it makes sense.
Are Plasmon waves carriers of energy in that they convey packets? Or are they only a manifestation of observable energy?
Obviously, I’m a believer in waves as the constant state of the universe. I think fluid dynamics of cosmology has it right.
Also, do you believe a super massive black hole at the center of the universe is the prime mover of all spin/motion/energy? Would you consider that to be the engine of the universe? If so, what causes the spin of the black hole itself?
All of this is for discussion, so thanks for your response and input. Many posters think I’m trolling when I’m actually sincerely asking for a dialog, so thanks again.
brandex2011 Are Plasmon waves carriers of energy in that they convey packets? Or are they only a manifestation of observable energy? [There are two sides to the plasmon wave , one you can observe, the other you can not...since it's also on other side of blackhole you don't see. In the silicon crystal in a PV solar cell for example you can use ultrasonics to create a plasmon state that will increase the solar cell's quantum efficiency from 8% to 83%, that's the mode that use the equal number of odd and even harmonics so that when you produce harmonic progression by creating two of these special shaped frequencies you will produce a Plasmon wave at the eighth harmonic. This plasmon wave makes energy production more efficient.]
Obviously, I’m a believer in waves as the constant state of the
universe. I think fluid dynamics of cosmology has it right.
[Close, but it's not really moving [so not fluid] it's like all the protons[holes] inside the black hole are dancing the same way, and all the other protons in the universe swing to the same tune...]
Also, do you believe a super massive black hole at the center of the
universe is the prime mover of all spin/motion/energy? Would you
consider that to be the engine of the universe? If so, what causes the
spin of the black hole itself? [Yes...and I don't know what is the cause....yet. I'm still working on it.]
If you had a typical cloud of ordinary matter and dark matter, which would be denser?
Since we currently don't know what dark matter is, that question probably can't be answered.
If our universe is inside a black hole in another universe....what happens when the black hole in the original universe evaporates from Hawking radiation ? Just as the hypothesis by others that the universe is a simulation runs into an impossible infinite regress that no 'original' simulator could possibly cope with, so too the 'universe is a black hole' hypothesis runs into the impossibility of an infinite regress because the 'original' black hole should have long since evaporated and absolutely every subsequent iteration vanishes.
The cosmological models circle and revolve around
the unheard-of as the cat around the bush. But what
you can observe, if you like, is their dusty approach
to a much older cosmological model.
These are the descriptions of the origins, the
descriptions of the growth and the descriptions of the
transitions of the cosmos, as it is written in the Vedas.
A very startling development of modern
cosmology. As if...
Ligo has found these gravitational waves he talks about we need new updated show plz plz plz
No, LIGO did not find gravitational waves from the big bang.
Quantum mechanics or entanglement could exist between 2 or more universes as well, no?