5 Periodic Tables We Don't Use and Why
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- čas přidán 26. 06. 2024
- You probably studied the "regular" periodic table in school-but did you know there are more versions of the periodic table than just the one you know? The periodic table of elements has gone through many iterations since it was first used to organize elements over 150 years ago! Join Michael Aranda in this new episode of SciShow and learn all about them!
SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at www.scishowtangents.org
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periodic.lanl.gov/about.shtml
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patents.google.com/patent/US3...
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chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelv...
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www.researchgate.net/publicat...
www.khanacademy.org/partner-c...
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What we all need to recognize is that Mendeleev actually invented the Excel spreadsheet.
200th Like. This is funny 😂
Its actually more advanced than Excel. You can put more data in every cell
@o0Donuts0o thank you for honoring my namesake>...🤣🤣🤣🤣
More like Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet...
o0Donuts0o of course before Excel was Lotus 1-2-3, and before that was Visi-calc, and the ripoff clone AceCalc which gets credit for having a manual that didn’t take itself too seriously (there was a chapter entitled “on the territorial mating imperatives of the trumpeter swan”)
The astronomers' periodic table: hydrogen, helium, and everything else they call "metals".
There's hydrogen and helium then metal, metal. Boron, carbon everywhere, nitrogen all through the air. With Oxygen so you can breath and fluorine for your pretty teeth. Neon to light up the sign. Metal for salty time. Metal, metal, silicon.
@@jerungbiru55 silicon
@@notpulverman9660 thanks
@@notpulverman9660 Ill edit that
Ever heard of the 80-20 principle? Well, H and He are just 4% of the cis-uranic elements, but they make up 98% of the baryon mass in the universe (and 99.9% of atoms by number).
Why bother distinguishing between all that other insignificant stuff? :)
Unfortunately, by the time Alexandre-Émile Béguyer de Chancourtois finished telling people his name, they'd lost all interest in hearing about his Telluric screw.
You think that's bad. Imagine the world of music where we rarely hear about the greatness of Johann Gambolputty de von Ausfern-schplenden-schlitter-crasscrenbon-fried-digger-dingle-dangle-dongle-dungle-burstein-von-knacker-thrasher-apple-banger-horowitz-ticolensic-grander-knotty-spelltinkle-grandlich-grumble-meyer-spelterwasser-kurstlich-himbleeisen-bahnwagen-gutenabend-bitte-ein-nürnburger-bratwustle-gerspurten-mitzweimache-luber-hundsfut-gumberaber-shönendanker-kalbsfleisch-mittler-aucher von Hautkopft of Ulm simply because we don't have time to speak his full name.
Talk about a name being a mouthful...
@@ObadiahtheSlim Yeah. Right.
@@ObadiahtheSlim Monty lives on!
Fred
Yes. Alex is more catchy.
Another really cool thing that comes up in radiochemistry (which is chemistry, but with super-heavy or radioactive atoms) is that really large atoms (actinides) actually have electrons moving at appreciable fractions of the speed of light, deforming orbital shapes and significantly altering chemical properties. In fact, arranging the periodic table to group electrons (the "standard" periodic table) generally also groups elements by chemistry, since valence electrons usually are the ones that form the bonds. But this isn't true for the actinides. Because of the deformed orbitals, chemical bonds form very differently, and they behave very differently, breaking periodicity. This has led radiochemists to propose another table arrangement based on chemistry trends.
I know this is lame but I love y'alls diligence in citing your sources
I think it’s important to express gratitude for the things you appreciate!
Nothing lame about that 😊
Dear god! Number 3 I have no idea if he said that name right but you win
It was so glorious I had to listen to it several times.
as someone who speak french, it was a valiant effort
@@samuelfaille-denis8098 détester going to haine
@Gabriel Cabana It was not that bad. I wouldn't know how to pronounce "Beguyer" but I would go for a "b'aiguiller" as he did. He just pronounced "chacroutrois" instead of "chancourtois". But still. A noble effort there. :D
Hey Frenchmen, y'all gotta admit that he did it confidently! Us non-speakers had no idea. It just sounded fancy
For transition metals, the highest D shell electrons are also considered valence electrons.
Well so are the f ones but that's just a mess of exceptions and d-d and f-f interaction, shielding, whatever the hell lanthanoid contraction is, and many other things coming up in my exam I haven't studied for.
@@TheBluePhoenix008Can't wait for that in a year or 2. Sounds like fun and depresstion all in one.
@@TheBluePhoenix008 They aren't really exceptions. The rules are fairly logical.
Alexandre-Emile Beguyer De Chancourtois.Mumbling to himself, "If I can't get this table to make sense, I am screwed.WAIT!"
+
I wish your twin brother would stop shining lights at us from that train. I can barely see my clock.WAIT!
I like the left-step table the most. I actually think it would make more sense for us to use that one.
"Alexandre-Émile Béguyer de Chancourtois" Ok, guys and gals, let's take a minute to admire and pay attribute to Michael and Scishow.
I wonder how many times he had to practice that, and how many outtakes there were.
* pay tribute
but yeah, it was a decent effort ^^
I rewound it three times when he pronounced that name .😁 👍👍
Finally someone said it lol. I was thinking the same thing. I rewound it a bunch too lmao
Table of elements organized by how much I, personally, like each element
Nah, arrange 'em by how much money they're worth.
By alphabet 🤣🤣🤣
What always gets me is that all these chemists prior to the 20th century had no idea how any of this worked. Until you understand protons and valence electrons it's all just magic.
4:37 close enough. You deserve an award for even trying^^
What do you do with a dead chemist? Barium!
When I heard Oxygen and Magnesium were dating, I was like OMg!
So sorry, I wanted to tell some chemistry jokes, but all the good ones Argon.
Lolololo XD XDDD XDDDDDD
When I heard Oxygen and Magnesium were dating, I had a lung cancer!
-MgO is asbestos-
Edit: no, it's not, sorry everyone!
Good going, Einsteinium.
Helium dubnium back at you (he ha)
Cheers
Tony Those are hilarious!!!
4:36 Can we just appreciate the flow Micheal has when saying this name? Smooth as liquid gallium m8
He just went right ahead, didn't even blink.
I was stunned, a ggs to him for it.
Probably had to do a lot of takes, though.
Holy crap the left-step one is actually awesome
i agree. it makes the most sense to me. if readers understand the way the orbitals are arranged, they can derive Group and Period properties directly from it, without having the La and Ac series floating below.
There is enhanced left-step table called Adomah Periodic Tale (APT) and it is actually used for deriving electron configurations. See this web page www.wikihow.com/Write-Electron-Configurations-for-Atoms-of-Any-Element and scroll down to Option 2.
I expanded on the left step and put the noble gases in the center due to valences being zero, like a maths sliding scale. Ended up making ahem, the telluric screw...
For Nuclear physicists there is also the chart of nucleotides which works on similar principals except built around the configuration of the nucleus yet another example of the many ways people categorize things.
The key to keep in mind should be that our categories are never absolute take the periodic table where as you go down the periods the elements start behaving strangely as the electron valence shells become increasingly relativistic.
Another example is plate tectonics if you consider everything to be plates not just the continental material swap out the idea of plates for oceanic crust for the tops of mantle convection cells and treat the continents as buoyant rafts of rock and the way "plates" behave suddenly seems far clearer.
For each pattern one representation will bring it to clarity but it comes at the expense of the other dimensions of complexity to the world around us.
Dragrath1 Do you mean nucleons? Nucleotides are the monomers of nuclei acids.
@@elijahmikhail4566 Whoops should have been Nuclides >_>
Its HUGE
Oh damn, that left-step is nice.
+SciShow It has been a long time since I last did chemistry but the couple of minutes after 0:55 brought it all back. Fantastic. Concise.
7:20 "When read from top to bottom and left to right, it gives the exact order in which electrons fill up an atom's available energy shells." 10% or so of the elements beg to disagree. (Chromium, silver, and friends, in case that's unclear.)
2:36: The invention of the periodic table is credited to both Dmitri Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer, who discovered it independently.
Also cool is that in Chinese, the characters for the elements include a compound that signifies whether it’s a gas, a metal etc. The left part of the character tells you its state and the right part which element it is.
That's umm dumb. The beauty of the table is that it lets go of archaic notions like "gas" "liquid" and instead simply lists elements.
@@NJ-wb1cz Don't vast majority of period tables used list the state of the given element at room temperature as well?
@@user-zz3sn8ky7z I'm not sure what exactly are you saying, but the periodic table is based on the atomic composition. I guess you can, say, heat up any element so much that it completely dissolves into a particle goo?... But then you don't really have any elements at all, and a table wouldn't even make sense
@@user-zz3sn8ky7z like, hydrogen remains hydrogen regardless if it's liquid or a gas or a solid. When it stops being hydrogen then you kinda move away from chemistry as a specialized thing altogether and it becomes just general particle physics
@NJ-wb1cz Periodic tables will occasionally if not often have an indication of that element's state of matter at room temperature. It has no effect whatsoever on how the table itself is ordered.
The effectiveness of having that state built into the element symbol itself is debatable
Anyone else notice the periodic table at 0:23 is not only out of date, but also has Ti twice, and a new mystery element with the symbol n?
That second titanium is actually a *Tl* thallium. Just like CZcams here and chlorine on that table, the lower-case *L* has no horizontal foot.
The *n* should be *In* Indium.
Also you gotta wonder who was the freakin' genius who thought white text on a yellow background was the way to go.
Classic example of copying someone else's table with low-res OCR and not making corrections. The plagiarist probably didn't have the tools to mimic the font for the corrections (or the additions tp date)
@@massimookissed1023But the lowercase L in Tl is actually an i. It was probably a spelling error.
I really like the left step table but I think it would be even better if each orbital block was shifted up by half an element so that the shell connections where more clear
That was an astounding effort in pronunciation. It was wrong but glorious
We are now at war with France, but still, A for effort.
Different Elements: Exist
French guy: "Screw" that
Sandrosian ♥️😂😂😂
Whoooooooo the year of periodic table!!!!
7:46 evolution of the pacifier
Memorization Technique: s p d f = super.pdf
I just remember S, pdf
I just always said it really fast to remember it. Espeedief. Just certain letters said together that always make sense, like TMNT.
Best information-packed explanation I have seen i a long time!
Darn left step table would have made my a level chemistry exams much simpler. I lost a lot of time working out the shells.
The best thing about this video - I finally understood what potassium is. In my language it's "kālijs" which co responds with the "K", so I didn't know there is another name :D
Well written and produced show. Lots of info presented wonderfully!
5:33 HEY! ...I'm a geologist... and YES! it's a science, a VERY important SCIENCE!
Thiago Lanni, hit a nerve there, huh?
Go study your damn rocks pleb
I'm a chemist - and I feel no professional obligation to read about rocks ;)
You guys rock.
@@peterlewerin4213 LOL
The OG Periodic Table: Water, Earth, Fire, Air.
Gosh I like Michael.
Thanks for sharing the sources. Very helpful.
Nice work, clear, and paced well. (Taught chem and the periodic table for more years than I care to count!)
Love the back to basics content
8:56 that’s my professor!
Good work. I thoroughly enjoyed this video.
thank you for clearly and simply explaining everything i have questioned about the periodic table!! ❤️📊
Hmm at 8:05 where it talks about the energy shells. I thought by Aufbau Principle you will fill 4s first before 3d?
Welcome back Michael where have you been I enjoy your videos peace 👍🏻
nazmi safin I want to know as well
brilliant video and thanks so much.
I am playing catch up from very poor schooling as a kid, so vids like this are AWESOME.
Keep em comin :-)
6:55 that roast though xD
I'm always periodically checking this table to make sure I'm on the level!
elements are pretty awesome to be so organized, this needs to be recognised
The first periodic table you show has Thallium (81) marked Ti (TI) instead if Tl (TL). Titanium is angry about the impostor.
Oh god, just looking at that spiral table is overwhelming. Wow, I am SO glad that it's not actually being used
Used to watch this waaaay back.
Saw the thumbnail with Michael Aranda and got myself a real surprise that it was uploaded 20 hours ago - and not like 6 years ago.
Work of art ! Awesome
Wow it's been such a long time since I've used periodic tables!
Good presentation, thanks.
You left out Walter Russell's periodic table
which also predicts several elements not now known.
I’m taking the chem sat test on Saturday and this helped me so thanks
Good episode. Brings me back to Chem 111.
4:38 impressed
Nice video we really liked it. When it got to the blue and yellow electron orbital shells we thought “what?!!!” :’-) it really helped to understand the left step table.
4:37 He did a lot better than most people must of resulted in a lot of outtakes.👏🏾👏🏾👏🏾
alexander WHAT!?!
-Émile Béguyer de Chancourtois
And this video might be the first time on YT that somebody pronounced Mendeleev’s name correctly!
7:10 The Periodic Table V2.
What about the element of surprise?
Which periodic table is that element in???
"Periodic surprise" kinda seems like an oxymoron
Unexpectium.
It's in the table of the Spanish Inquisition
@@Giraffinator not necessarily. Just because you know it's coming doesn't mean you know what to expect. The surprise could be different every day.
Thassalante k'Reskel we could slap bet over it xD
In order for certain new technology to be expressed, or to be released, there has to
be a willingness to receive it. And this requires both the change in the
collective consciousness but it also
requires that there are certain scientists who are willing to question
what most scientists are currently not questioning, including
materialism.
Now, just as a concrete example here, you
have the whole concept of free energy. This can be explained actually in
terms of what is currently known by quantum physics. You have
observations made by quantum physicists in bubble chambers, that you can
have a state where there are no particles, suddenly one particle
appears, divides itself into several particles, they collide again and
then disappear. There have been some scientists who have been willing to
speculate that, beyond what can be observed even at the subatomic
level, there must be some kind of energy field, some call it a quantum
field, some call it a ground state, whatever they call it, but it has
basically been proven by quantum physics, that there is some state
beyond the physical material realm. And in that state there is energy.
And that energy can then enter the material realm and become physical
matter. If you take this and put it together with a big bang, you can
see that, is it actually logical that all of the matter and all of the
energy that is now in this huge universe was compressed into something
called a singularity? Whatever that may be. Is this really logical?
Obviously,
all of the matchup could not fit in there. But could the energy
actually fit into a single point? Is it not just as logical to say that
there was an event where energy from a different realm entered the
material frequency spectrum. And this means that all of the matter that
you see in the world today is actually created from energy. This was
proven by Einstein. And that energy must have come from somewhere, and
what has now been proven for those who are willing to see it by quantum
physics, is that that energy came from another realm. It entered the
material world, the physical realm from another realm. Well, is that not
free energy? Is it not thereby proven that the entire world is created
by free energy? So does that not mean it is also possible that
technology could be created, that would be able to, so to speak, channel
the energy from a different realm into the material realm, where it
could then be used to perform physical work or at least create
electricity that could power machines that perform physical work. This
is perfectly in line with what has already been discovered. See, what
you have right now is, you have a state of technology, which is a
reflection of the collective consciousness and the collective
consciousness does not really fully accept the existence of another
realm. That is why as we have said humankind has become a closed circle,
a closed system subject to the second law of thermodynamics. That is
why the technology you have today, the energy sources you have today,
you think that the only way to provide energy is to either burn some
kind of fuel, or split the atom, and free the energy that is already in
the material realm. But this is simply a certain mindset that is based
on an incomplete understanding of how the world works. As I said,
quantum physics has already proven that the world is created by energy
from another realm, and therefore, there is naturally much more energy
in that realm and it is a matter of raising our view of the world, our
understanding of the world, raising the collective consciousness until
we can grasp what that other realm is like, and therefore be able to
receive the technology that can make use of the energy that is there. It
may be not so constructive to talk about free energy, but it is free in
a sense that there is no cost, there is nothing that needs to be burned
or consumed in the material realm in order to harness this energy and
therefore, we might call it a different name and many different names
could be suggested.
nice work, thanks
@scishow you should've mentioned Dobereiner's Triads and John Newland's Law of Octaves as well...These two were also landmark efforts in the arrangement of elements in periodicity
What I like about the periodic table is that people don’t realize it’s condensed
You missed Gil Chaverri's Periodic table which its arrangement is based on the electronic structure of the elements, which allows for the placement of the lanthanide and actinide series in a logical sequence according to their atomic number.
Metallicity of element blocks:
p
I thought it said "Argonising".
That would've also been very interesting.
And here I thought all the chem jokes were gone... The argon pun doesn't work in past tense, though.
@@ganaraminukshuk0 you're welcome. i hope.
5:04 I didn't know "So-on" was an element.
So
That's it's atomic symbol
It's a noble gas
@@daveharrison84 no it's the other name for nitrogen
4:15 "Modern chemists have discovered basically all the naturally-occurring elements, so this predictive power is less important today."
And how do we know we've discovered all of them? Because there's nowhere left to put them in the table (and we now know about protons). But predicting "no more, unless the Island of Stability is more stable than thought and there's some natural process that can get there, which you'll need to talk to astronomers about" is still useful.
WOW!!! wish i knew about left step table when i was in college WTF PROFESSOR !!
The free one from Oscar Mayer is the best. It includes elements like bolognium. :)
Yeah, but their half-life calculation is based on the rate at which a flock of ten year olds devour your samples.
True, but Oscar Mayer only uses the tastiest electrons. :)
This makes me reminisce about high school chemistry and accounting for mathematical errors by blaming valence electrons lol
I think I finally understand it now..lol, goodjob!
Wow good timing
Silver and copper have 1 electron in the valence shell making them very conductive. They can "pass" 7 electrons at once. Silver is the best conductor of electricity at earth atmospheric temperatures and pressure
Now that you show them, I remember seeing #4 and 5 in high school.
That left-step table might help me with electron orbitals coming up soon. Thanks!
great job. I'm french and I had trouble saying mr. chancourtois' name... the first time. :-) Big thumb up!
Round of applause for Michael after perfectly pronouncing that French dudes name👏👏👏
I don't know if anyone noticed, but the SciTeam got the wrong photo @5:53 - that's a homonym: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodor_Benfey
Micheal is back!
Finally I found someone who thinks the same
@@nazmialsaafeen i think he's the best host of this channel. He uses just the right amount of gestures that it doesn't feel weird.
Med Help
Also weirdly I don’t fell bored even if the video was kids long
Good explanation...you know your (chemistry) stuff...
Wow can we give props to Michael Aranda for that #3 name pronunciation??? :O
In Costa Rica we learn about the “Gil Chaverri periodic table” created by a Costa Rican Chemist. Is also very useful for energy levels
4:01 what the heck is 'Ur'
Uranium but i added an r because i like the letter r
I understand now more about the periodic table than I did in highschool. Amazing!
Its almost as if you are wasting most of your time in the school system. hmmmmmmmm. I learned more and more useful things in the first 3 years post graduation than I did in 12 years of school.
Sounds like either you or your teacher didn't do a great job at what you were supposed to be doing. What was it, bad teacher or did you just not pay attention?
@@evilcanofdrpepper Nah bro, i paid attention in school. I love school. But they never covered stuff like this when I was in school. I was introduced to SciShow by my biology teacher. And i can tell you, SciShow goes more in detail about topics than most education systems, at least in the U.S.
@@evilcanofdrpepper Once you get reading and basic math you should go straight into life skills. Specialize earlier. People who have interest in things later can pursue it easily with the internet now.
No one learned real chemistry on high school. Not even in college general chem. It was all conceptual
youtube... stop reading my mind
it's creepy that I can be like 'hmmm, what if we had different periodic tables?' and 2 days later HEY, CHECK OUT THESE OTHER PERIODIC TABLES!
I can’t believe you pronounced that French name so fast!! It almost sounded like you were botching it but it was great!!
Good job on the name!
I have a chart of the nucleotides (isotopes of every element) and that thing is about 5'×10' and each square is only about a cm across
The Telluric screw could have been revolutionary...that lowkey pun got me giggling.
Some of those tables WE do use. It just depends who “WE” is.
2:11 if only this were true.
3:01 The atomic mass is actually calculated by a weighted average of the different isotopes of that element. Which, I grant you, is technically what you said, but I felt like it should be clarified.
(with the notable exception of Carbon which chemists have "decided" to have an atomic mass of 12 for various reasons.)
Austen
Carbon has a bit higher atomic mass than 12, because of c13, c12=12 amu I think
This reminds me of the episode on maps, where there's all sorts of different ways to show the earth depending on whether you need to find out distance, proximity, or continuity. The only difference is that the map did have a "correct" arrangement: three-dimensional.
for some reason this video made me wonder: Does a vacuum have a set temperature or can it be any temperature?
A perfect vacuum, i.e. a space with absolutely no particles in it, won't even have a temperature, or at least not in the same sense that matter does. Temperature is based on the kinetic energy of the particles of the matter. If there are photons passing through the perfect vacuum, then they can provide a 'temperature' based on the energy of those photons.
@@BuildersOfBlocks thank you
Gerry, another in use these days is the "Karlsruher Nuklidkarte" (Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart).