What are Superfluids and Why Are They Important?
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- čas přidán 29. 06. 2024
- Can you imagine a cup of tea that doesn't obey the laws of physics? One that pours out of the bottom of your cup while crawling up the sides to the top? Join Hank Green for a fun new SciShow super episode all about superfluids!
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Sources:
www.nature.com/articles/d4158...
• Ben Miller experiments...
• Superfluid helium
arxiv.org/pdf/1404.1284.pdf
• Storm in a teacup - Ho...
www.britannica.com/science/su...
www.scientificamerican.com/ar...
• Superfluid Helium (wit...
www.scientificamerican.com/ar...
physicsworld.com/a/neutron-st...
www.nobelprize.org/prizes/phy...
www.nobelprize.org/prizes/phy...
www.nobelprize.org/prizes/phy...
journals.aps.org/prl/abstract...
singularityhub.com/2018/05/13...
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That is unless that cup is made of Blackhole matter. Then you have two super-extreme materials interacting with each other.
Piezoelectricity-induced Room Temperature Superconductor. patents.google.com/patent/US20190058105A1/en?inventor=Salvatore+Cezar+Pais
Craft using an inertial mass reduction device. patents.google.com/patent/US10144532B2/en?inventor=Salvatore+Cezar+Pais
High Frequency Gravitational Wave Generator. patents.google.com/patent/US20180229864A1/en?inventor=Salvatore+Cezar+Pais
While it may be true that a super fluid is frictionless, it would be wrong to say that it would continue to stir if placed in cup and stirred. It will eventually slow down due to the friction against the wall of said cup.
Hank: "It's a purely quantum phenomenon that you can see with your eyes!"
Also Hank: Does not show any actual video or images of this phenomenon
czcams.com/video/sKOlfR5OcB4/video.html
@@PeteStMarie This was great!
He meant you can see it with frozen water.
Yeah, what the heck was up with that?
Scishow editor jncertainty princople
2:05
Helium just goes "Jesus, its so cold" and loses all ability to pretend to be a thing.
F
"Loses all ability to pretend to be a thing" So tired me is like liquid helium.
I am crying here😂😂😂😂😂
@@AlephOneNine everyone in the US is currently up. It's 7:20pm. What timezone are you in?
I'm in the UK, but you need to be more specific.
Except, the scientists that discovered Helium were Jewish. The said Yahway.
Ah, a Cup of Helium -270 in the morning saves the day!
It's lighter than caffeine, which means it's healthier
Your username though 😂😂😂
You'll never need tea for the rest of your life.
that profile picture is strangely fitting
Nah, it'l just go straight through you.
A video about the theory of spacetime being a superfluid would be cool.
I am so ready for that to be a video. Someone needs to explore this!
Yes! +1 on this cool idea.
If superfluids need to be 3 kelvin, that would indeed be way cool.
@Corey Some believe interstellar space isn't actually a perfect vacuum. In that it isn't actually completely void of particles or energy, and if those particles were cooled to 0 Kelvin they would probably function similar to a super fluid.
That would be cooler than the video about different forms of ice.
Water when it's cold: _"Burr, it's cold. I think I wanna be ice."_
Helium when it's cold: *"HOW DO YOU LIQUID"*
Helium at temerature-very low becomes cool
That’s me at like 50 degrees Fahrenheit
more like
Helium when it's cold: *"HEY GUYS I THINK I FOUND OUT HOW TO LIQUID"*
@@dane1382
(totally doesn’t behave like a normal liquid)
(forgets viscosity)
(forgets friction)
(forgets it’s made of multiple atoms)
@@cezarcatalin1406 Helium sees other atoms/molecules becomes solid when cooled to 0 kelvin (like oxygen, water, co2, etc...):
Also Helium: "I identify myself as magic-liquid!"
one of my physics professors as an undergrad once said "Whenever you see a quantum effect on at a macroscopic scale, it is always something cool (like lasers, super conductors, super fluids etc.)"
Supercool
@@juliusraben3526 Except lasers not just at supercool temperature.
@@mrbaab5932 i think he meant "cool" the other way
Who needs lotion when you have superfluids
Put the superfluid in the basket!
Tight!
Ouch!
"It puts the superfluid on the skin!"
Yes
Thanks for adding (non-autogenerated) captions. Now people with a hearing impairment can enjoy this video too!!!
what?
Every SciShow has CC, so everyone-ish can enjoy.
Wow never got so many likes! Just want everyone to enjoy CZcams, including disabled people :-)
@@Justine_-fy5ul not for just disabled people. i don't want to listen it on speakers and too lazy for earphones
@@lifeonfire2390 I can understand why you would do that =)
Personally, I like to read what's being said to improve my writting skills because English is my second language.
My tea always flows out my bottom and climbs up my sides at the same time. Digestive issues+sentient tea is no laughing matter.
That's Yogth'aq the Old One, he's not tea he just likes mugs and teacups. He would like you to stop trying to ingest him.
@@biohazard724 Wait, then why did it powder itself and insert itself into sachets? Even if you're right, it is damn tasty, so I'm just going to finish it anyway.
Sounds like this would be a good idea for a Dr. Who episode.
@@valiroime I love when people reply to a comment years after I've completely forgot about it and I can't tell if I was even the one that's wrote it. But yeah, self-powdering old god used to reconstitute inside of people though a common food item isn't the worst idea for a one off. No worse than the cube storyline.
Waited 7 minutes expecting to see a cup of helium-4 impress me. *sigh*
czcams.com/video/sKOlfR5OcB4/video.html
Exactly. Could have just been an audio file and would have made no difference.
@Dreamstate Only because you don't have the mental capacity and comprehension to understand what they're talking about; unless it's presented to you in visual form.
"Stir and it will spin forever."
This pleases the free energy scammer.
But if you put a generator turbine in it, the fluid would just slip past the blades without exerting any force on them, so they'd never spin up and generate electricity. Womp womp.
@SNS CHL
On the same logic, you can never stir He-4 because the fluid would simply slip past the spoon without ever receiving any force from it.
there is a video of the superfluid spinning : I think it's maintained inside a magnetic field or something.
@En théo
Or you could stop speculating and search evidence for it.
czcams.com/video/sKOlfR5OcB4/video.html
@@woowooNeedsFaith objects in motion stay in motion
As a world-building nerd, I've come to find these more complex and lesser known aspects of our world to be endlessly fascinating. It's like we are slowly uncovering the magic system of our universe
guess im not the only one watching these videos for worldbuilding inspiration
@@aeaeeaoiauea definitely not!
I know right reality is stranger than fiction!!
@@mastershooter64 and we're looking for truth stranger than reality.
angel: uh god I found a bug in the physics engine that makes helium-4 ignore friction if its cooled to a specific temperature
god, too lazy to do any more bugfixing: *its not a bug its a feature*
Uh god.
All of quantum physics is broken.
God please fix this.
Programming 101
Some random intern Angel: Hey I wonder What This button does
And some players start to abuse that bug.
Hank, I love you.
I had a Tea brewing, which I'd forgotten about. You reminded me at JUST the right time. Legend!
MWAH!
Wish he said coffee... mine is now cold 😢
INTPeanut
ENTP/INTP here! Sup brah
@@ephraimkwon66 Hey o/
Video about the differences between the two, might help (if you can follow along with his Jungian theory which is much deeper than MBTI).
czcams.com/video/cXTvyyxdv3s/video.html
God: that was me, I Love you and you're welcome 💖
thank u for remidning me about these beans cooking
"hm, im gonna super cool some helium today"
"wait why is it going up"
Suggestion for a series: “Quantum effects you can actually see.”
I believe refraction is a simple example of this?
*Added: quantum tunneling for touch screens.
"They all behave the same way"
Pauli's exclusion principle: am i a joke to you?
Supercool Helium: Yes.
Yes, actually.
"Them helium atoms will totally go rouge" that right there is science being taught well.
Taco Bell turns your bowel contents into a superfluid
🤣🤣🤣
...goodness
Helium is The REAL T'challa,
*It never freezes*
😂😂
Rip Chadwick
god: do you want physics or not?
liquids: yes but actually no
Actually it still is following laws of Physics
@Madara Uchiwa You missed an o
@Captain Hindsight eprt ssf 0
@@Saptarshi.Sarkar qgew
T
Cody Ko would love these fluids!
i FINALLY found a cody ko video
Liam Barron haha!
Anyone else bothered that they didn't put a video of a superfluid climbing out of a beaker?
"It's a phenomenon you can see with your own eyes, but we ain't gonna show that!"
Yes that would be interesting to see
The reason why is because humanity has yet to reach absolute zero in temperature (0 Kelvin). And even if we have come close, do you have any idea the amount of resources needed to reach that temperature?
@@joshua-lk1gf But we don't need to. And this is an actual experiment that has been done many times before.
Nothing a quick search on youtube can't fix. Here you go : czcams.com/video/9FudzqfpLLs/video.html
But if all liquids are super, then nobody is
easy there Buddy
@Jonnathan Crane easy there, friend
Classic 😉
I prefer a solid solution
Flow home, Buddy. I work alone.
Nobody:
Helium at -270°: aight I'ma forget how to exist
Speaking of the cores of neutron stars, I'd love to see a video on strange matter, like the one kurzgesagt did, but more in depth!
I can never read that name without thinking of Kyrgyzstan
"Can slip past basically anything..." Like the stir stick. You probably cant get this stuff spinning like that.
Doesn’t the definition of stir include shaking? If you can shake, or tap the container, won’t that “stir” the contents?
One of the many definitions listed from Worknik: “...intransitive verb - To cause to move or shift, especially slightly or with irregular motion....“
SpaceMace 🤔😳🤯
A ClarkKentfluid, under the right circumstances, becomes a Superfluid.
Has to have a quantum phone booth.
At a glance though, superfluids are often confused with birdfluids or planefluids
Lex Luthor wants to know your position!
TheCimbrianBull in quantum terms, I take a superposition.
@@dennisvance4004
LOL! 😂 🤣 😅
Science is just cool.
Yep. In this case it is 2.1 Kelvins, at most.
It’s not cool this time.
It’s beyond Cold.
Diamond Yoshi101 underrated pun
i really appreciate the closing statements about why this is important to know and how it could help in other areas of science. context on the importance of a discovery and why to keep studying that discovery. nice!
Nobody is a smoother, funner and more enjoyable presenter than Hank Green.
Please upload a video of these helium reactions!
Hank: That would be a phenomenon ! Me: Hold my -270°C helium beer.... Friend: Ehh dude....
helium be like:
"oh boy, im super duper cold, you know what that means!"
*_procedes to shred the rules of matter_*
*God:* "Do you want physics or not?"
*Helium:* "Well yes, _but actually _*_no_* "
That animation and explanation in the beginning had me laughing! "Forgot how to behave" 😂
That moment when you discover glitches irl
Thank you finally someone on the internet who can explain what was going on with my tea this morning I've been searching the internet all day.
i cant stop watching this video
But wouldn't it be impossible to stir a superfluid. Because it has 0 friction, a spoon/magnetic stirrer wouldn't have anything to "grab".
Doesn’t the definition of stir include shaking? If you can shake, or tap the container, won’t that “stir” the contents?
One of the many definitions listed from Worknik: “...intransitive verb - To cause to move or shift, especially slightly or with irregular motion....“
Hank Green is my favorite host
Old paradigmatic terms and conceptions but clear, insightful, intriguing, engaging, excellent descriptions explanations, Thanks 👍:)
can we get a video about why cats are actually liquid?
THIS is the kind of fun stuff I love learning about in the quest to complete my degree in chemistry XD
im also doing chemistry (biochem) and this couldnt be further from what im familiar with lol
@@rj6110 I'm taking biochem too, but it doesn't mean it isn't cool. Some of the fun parts of chemistry are usually the parts that don't involve a ton of explanation, they're just cool experiments.
There is something incredibly... Primal(?) about watching a superfluid in action. You are seeing mater as it truly is, without the distorting effects of heat. It is like peeking behind the curtain of the universe. Seeing the true nature of matter for the first time absolutely blew my mind, and still strikes a very deep part of my being with a strong feeling that this is incredibly important, but IDK why or how. But I am certain it is. P
Ah yes, superfluids. I saw a video once of one, it was really cool! I'm happy that you guys made a video about them though, I got to learn more!
That transition into the add at the end was smooth
I'm convinced most breakthroughs in physics and math come from someone whose brain works at right angles to the rest of the population -- not necessarily smarter, although that certainly helps when it comes to developing whatever unique insight you happen to have, but mostly just incredibly weird.
I see what you are saying (from a 90 degrees point of view)
yes, a lot of times it is not about being ,,smart´´in a way that you can calculate faster but about bringing yourself free of the shackless of thinking the same way that others do and thinking your own wierd unique way which can bring your own wierd unique revolutionary ideas.(sry for my english, I have never been to english speaking country)
@@sirka6539 your English is really good!
@@sirka6539 I can still speed read your comment without any problems. You did well!
So condoms of the future will be made from superfluids?
Yes of course mate
If 0:20 is any indication, I'm going to have to say No.
Sorry to ruin it for you buddy BUT the only reason people feel any kind of pleasure when they have sex is because of friction between the genitilia that send electiral signals to the brain. Without friction they would feel almost nothing
no, please think before typing.
Yeah just like your mum sermaphobic
Dumb idea, but maybe you guys could think of doing a special episode or panel on the topic of pursuing a career in science. I'm sure there are plenty of viewers who are high schoolers, early college students, and early career people who would love to learn more about how to get into different fields.
Topics of interest might include: the general (with lots of caveats) career progression they can expect (e.g. undergrad -> PostBacc? -> grad (MA/MS/PhD) -> PostDoc -> Adjunct? ->...), tips for getting involved in labs while in undergrad, etc. If you keep it general enough, I'm sure many of your supporters will find it super helpful! (and maybe even inspiring)
(If helpful, you could make it a patreon exclusive!)
Legend has it that if you use some of that helium-4 superfluid when you’re choking the chicken late at night, then you may achieve mind-boggling speeds of nut
Okay but... why would I want tea that's helium @ -270C?
Perhaps increasing blood flow? jk
Don’t question my habits
To die in a very very cool way
So you can fly high
its for supergenderfluid people :D
Super fluids, the ants of the quantum world. Working in perfect unison to deflate the egos of physicists
Video hosted by Hank :
Views get mad
Sometimes in trending
Almost 100k+ views within few hours of release
Others :
Not 100k+ even after months.....
Don't underestimate the power of HANK
.
.
and yes, he's working on sequel
Thanks for showing us an image of this amazing phenomenon
So Where is this Hypothetical Helium tea your talking about? Now that would be a feat of science.
FreeQuest much more interesting than a science of feet
Oh my god, wait. . . if space time is a superfluid, does that mean Dark Matter is a superfluid? Being frictionless WOULD explain why it barely interacts with anything . . .
Ok ok then it should be not there as it cannot interact even with vaccum
wow the sneaky transition to brilliant is brilliant
Hank Green: Space-Time might be a superfluid.
Ether: I'm back, baby!
the video title reminds me of kurzgesagt
Now, I really want to play with superfluids.
I always start my day with a cup of -270°C helium
Everything hold the key to understanding the nature of space-time
Super Fluids? Well, I’m interested. Enlighten me, Butt Man.
Anybody: anything
Boson: same energy
God: only 3 helium types? I thought we had 4.
Angel: the fourth one is a little buggy, we don’t think it’s ready for release.
God: oh it’ll be fine they’ll never find the bugs
This video was more of an ad for brilliant than an actual explanation of superfluidity.
I had hoped to learn more about zero point energies and condensates, but I suppose you do have to keep a level of simplicity for the sake of understanding. I’ll look other places but this channel is always my first stop when I have a question (:
So wait if spacetime is a superfluid, does that mean Star Trek: Voyager got it wrong and *we're* the ones in fluidic space?
That was an awesome speech. A video so I could witness those amazing things superfluid helium does would have been better. Seeing is believing.
Basically a superfluid is a bunch of molecules/elements whom under the right stressors have a main goal to keep their distance and respect the space of other molecules/atoms in the hopes the same courtesy is reciprocated thus creating what we observe as a super fluid. If there ever was a case for minding your own business scientifically, this would be it
Wasted opportunity for a cameo from Matt of PBS Space Time
Some time ago I covered a bowl in alluminium foil just for decoration purposes, but after I filled it with water the water started to 'climb' the alluminium foil and leaking on the table! Why??
Condensation. The evaporating water condenses underneath the foil and surface tension + wrinkles in the foil will wick the water to the edges and down the sides.
I believe using super fluids, specifically infinite thermal conductivity, as a conduit for transport of high energy would allow for longer distance transfer at basically no loss. Idk :/
A battery would also be ideal.
Although it's conductivity is infinite, it's heat capacity is pretty low so I don't think it would be the best way to transfer heat. There's also the fact that you would have to keep the entire system at ~2 K, so it would be very inefficient.
As always, great video.
What i mostly hear from molecular scientist or stuff like that
QUANTUM
Look, up in the sky! It’s a bird, it’s a plane, it’s superfluid!
You mean to tell me I wasted all that time waiting on a live demonstration that never happened? I'll never get this time back!
When Fermi held lectures, his class was spread out over the benches, one student per row.
When Bose held lectures, so did all his students.
35 seconds in, wicked.
My energy needs a jump!! Can you help me! 😏
Lick a lamp, but make sure your holding a copper coat hanger... for safety.
I was really hoping they were going to actually show a video of it
5:48 That super smooth transition.
BUT WHO IS THIS ADAM THEY KEEP REFERRING TO ?
I always use superfluids in my car. They cost extra at Jiffy Lube, but are totally worth it. At 88 mph, the superfluids make a deep well in the gravity field around my car, opening a 4.216 meter worm hole that is just wide enough for my car to fit through.
Say Hello to Doc. Brown for us please.
Went down a rabbit hole with Bard and found myself here. Best recommendation EVER.
Makes sense in a way. Spacetime lattice permeates everything, superfluids do too if the right type.
Interesting analogy indeed!
These discrete energy levels sound a lot like an idealized digital signal, or digital information in storage… I wonder if they can be exploited somehow.
They can and are already being developed! Look up 'Trapped Ion Quantum Computers' - they use the discrete energy levels of a ion suspended in an EM field, or embedded in a neutral atom matrix, to encode and process quantum information.
what if you do the same but under high presseur. say like 25 bar. what are the specs of solid helium
rubikfan1, YES. I’d like to see a triple point chart for He4.
This is an active area of research without any clear results just yet! There was some speculation that He-4 under high pressure formed something called a supersolid, but those experiments have been discredited now. We'll hopefully have some answers soon though!
This is such an interesting topic. I wonder what we else we can use this for
A bold suggestion: dark matter is a helium-4 superfluid (or a superfluid of similar properties), which is why it fills the intracluster medium (where it is just a bit warmer than that of the intercluster), and dark energy is a helium-3 superfluid (again or a superfluid of similar properties), which is why it fills the intercluster medium (where it is just a bit cooler than that of the intracluster medium.) I'll take my Nobel prize now, thanks
If space itself could be a superfluid, would it be thanks to dark matter? Is dark matter a superfluid?
Oh it absolutely is...why do you think everything floats in space and doesn't just fall under the influence of gravitational forces?!!...
And also black holes! They would be impossible if there was only perfect vaccuum! They can only exist if particles appear to be either in liquid or gaseous form...
No
I learned about superfluids a while ago but they are amazing it’s almost like they have super powers.
Edit: I can’t spell
How can it be hypothesized that neutron star cores may be composed of a super fluid given that the super fluid state only exists at very low temp?
I'm just guessing, but maybe neutrons in the center of neutron stars can have the same energy state and "behave in unison" -- so superfluidic properties? I also wish they had covered this at least a little. It's a pretty vague statement on its own.
@@bradywells1293 I've heard that states of matter/atomic behaviour are nearly identical when it comes to very high temp compared to very low temp, but like you said, very vague. The research on this field seems to be in its infancy, so hopefully more will be revealed within a year or two.
3:35 “...that you can see with your eyes. But we won’t show you b-roll of that.”
Wait wait wait, you can’t just say “space-time might be a superfluid” and not elaborate how that scales, like points in space-time are frictionless? Or multiverses are? Or like the fabric of space-time is actually a superfluid? Or everything down to quarks or strings are frictionless and don’t interfere with each other? I need an answer
I also need an answer. I also am disturbed by the idea that there is no place in the universe where helium exists in a solid state.
try drinking a gallon of water without going to the toilet. u will experience superfluids then
O H Y E A H B A B Y
You could get fluid overload or water intoxication (hyponatremia) from doing that of you dont pee yourself before that from holding it in
Anthony Marquez unlucky
That's quite a cold cup of tea. Probably just as cold as the tea i forgot to this afternoon.
Hank, saying things like time might be a super liquid scares the crap outta me.