What is panko, and why is it so much better than other breadcrumbs?

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  • čas přidán 15. 06. 2024
  • Thanks to Squarespace for sponsoring this video! Go to Squarespace.com for a free trial, and when you’re ready to launch, go to squarespace.com/ragusea and add code “RAGUSEA" at checkout to save 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain.
    Thanks to Upper Crust Enterprises for the panko and the interview: www.uppercrustent.com/
    Upper Cust's full video about their production process: • Panko Bread Crumbs: Th...
    2014 journal article on the mechanisms of oil absorption in fried foods, including the cooling-phase effect (not free): onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/a...
    USDA text saying that some panko is microwaved: www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles...
    The Ethan Chlebowski deep frying video I referenced at the end: • Deep Frying at Home is...
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Komentáře • 4,4K

  • @xxluggixx2559
    @xxluggixx2559 Před 3 lety +5988

    So a company called upper crust is famous for producing bread without a crust.

    • @smoogle3g4c37
      @smoogle3g4c37 Před 3 lety +16

      Yes

    • @justarandom8824
      @justarandom8824 Před 3 lety +5

      Yeah

    • @xecoq
      @xecoq Před 3 lety +162

      Yes, but also the panko is used to create a crust on fried stuff

    • @thepunisher4356
      @thepunisher4356 Před 3 lety +71

      More like their bread becomes a crust when cooked

    • @xxluggixx2559
      @xxluggixx2559 Před 3 lety +26

      @@thepunisher4356 @Calluna Yes that makes sense I didn't even think of that.

  • @EthanChlebowski
    @EthanChlebowski Před 3 lety +12440

    This is like my dream tv show when I was growing up: A mashup of "How it's made" and "Good Eats".

    • @ClayDaddy5
      @ClayDaddy5 Před 3 lety +183

      Haha. You are referenced!

    • @glitchykidtheminecrafter72
      @glitchykidtheminecrafter72 Před 3 lety +14

      Yep

    • @charlie_mario6292
      @charlie_mario6292 Před 3 lety +8

      True

    • @YYAddict
      @YYAddict Před 3 lety +49

      Agreed. And Ethan I just made some poblano con queso tacos for dinner last week, really brought me back to when I lived in Mexico. Definitely gonna be a repeat dish, thanks for the video and recipe!

    • @Hyena-hy2ni
      @Hyena-hy2ni Před 3 lety +11

      Hehehehhehe you haven’t seen Adam go crazy like in his soup video

  • @jayst
    @jayst Před 3 lety +1870

    Those guys at UpperCrust seem really cool. That was really nice of them to do an interview and explain the process and history of Panko. Also when he brought out the examples of good non commercial use Panko from different companies that he recommends was really awesome. That’s a stand up company in my book.

    • @ZNotFound
      @ZNotFound Před 2 lety +41

      Those examples are probably from companies they directly sell panko to.

    • @wheelie642
      @wheelie642 Před 2 lety +6

      Not a fan of panko crumbs. Way too crunchy. And there is no way to lessen the crunch with anything but water. You can soak them in oil all day and they are still too crunchy.

    • @noahleach7690
      @noahleach7690 Před 2 lety +92

      @@wheelie642 lol

    • @lonestarr1490
      @lonestarr1490 Před rokem +55

      @@wheelie642 There's no such thing as "too crunchy".
      When in doubt, make a sauce or a dip to go with it and then completely cover your panko'ed whatever. That definitely lessens the crunch.

    • @squngy0
      @squngy0 Před rokem

      @@lonestarr1490 At some level of crunchiness you will start cutting your mouth.
      Anyway, people are allowed to have preferences.

  • @llYossarian
    @llYossarian Před 2 lety +848

    5:19 - I once added Panko to some otherwise standard Bisquik "drop biscuits" on a whim and they were so popular with the girl I was seeing at the time I ended up having to make them 2-3 times a week for the rest of the time we were together. They really are quite good and I'll occasionally try panko in recipes for almost anything doughy now.

    • @foxplayingames8484
      @foxplayingames8484 Před 2 lety +11

      d- did you two break up?

    • @yotacharapone5341
      @yotacharapone5341 Před 2 lety +112

      @@foxplayingames8484 cringe

    • @Barjack521
      @Barjack521 Před 2 lety +19

      How much did you add and did you use it as a replacement for a portion of the bisquik? If so how much?

    • @zimthefan6258
      @zimthefan6258 Před 2 lety +5

      so did it end after you burnt a batch and it was all over lol?

    • @llYossarian
      @llYossarian Před 2 lety +147

      @@zimthefan6258 Nah, she ended up cheating on me with the exact same guy that my previous girlfriend had cheated on me with ...I've been on a bit of a break from relationships since then _(going on about 7 years now)._

  • @DaManBearPig
    @DaManBearPig Před 3 lety +3169

    “Why I season my electrical current, not my dough.” - Adam, probably.

    • @yuddpudd
      @yuddpudd Před 3 lety +8

      446 likes no comments

    • @HaidarHavana1998
      @HaidarHavana1998 Před 3 lety +18

      gonna test different electrolyte solutions to make them batteries

    • @porkypy
      @porkypy Před 3 lety +4

      Dang, it’s only been 3 hours. You already got 468 likes.

    • @cameron7441
      @cameron7441 Před 3 lety +3

      This is comedy gold😂

    • @varuna6089
      @varuna6089 Před 3 lety +4

      DaManBearPig.... You owe me a coffee and a new t-shirt! I spilled my coffee all over the place reading your message 😂🤣

  • @ebinjayan
    @ebinjayan Před 3 lety +615

    The guy showing compaines with good panko all stuck together was wholesome and considerate

    • @1234567895182
      @1234567895182 Před 2 lety +5

      It's nice but I'm wondering why they can't sell it directly to us. It sounds like a missed business opportunity to me.

    • @kofer99
      @kofer99 Před 2 lety +49

      @@1234567895182 might be multiple reasons, taxes, deals with other companies,not worth the effort for them to package smaller portions stuff like that

    • @ZacksRockingLifestyle
      @ZacksRockingLifestyle Před 2 lety +59

      @@1234567895182 businesses usually have to find a niche to survive in. Their niche is B2B or Business-to-Business sales. Their entire goal is to move mass quantities at a time, but in business volumes.

    • @aronseptianto8142
      @aronseptianto8142 Před 2 lety +45

      @@1234567895182 packaging and shelf rental is pain in the ass, even if you don't want to use brick and mortar store to sell your product that means you need to create a website and rent/make your own delivery system
      dealing with like a giant sack of bread crumb to customer that don't care if the packaging looks nice and have a very predictable and regular order from location that's not hard to deliver
      if you can get away with that, why would you want to go to the store shelf

    • @jasonbrewer6714
      @jasonbrewer6714 Před 2 lety +17

      @@aronseptianto8142 Changing production lines for smaller retail sales would also be a money/management problem if all of your product was sold to other companies anyways.

  • @kingarthurthe5th
    @kingarthurthe5th Před 3 lety +807

    For a company called “Upper Crust” it’s pretty ironic that the bread they make has no crust

    • @Jameslawz
      @Jameslawz Před 2 lety +42

      "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts"
      It becomes the crust when binded together on top of something.

    • @Sentanette
      @Sentanette Před rokem

      eh

  • @TainaElisabeth
    @TainaElisabeth Před 3 lety +211

    Oh god, that cardboard panko presentation melted my cold heart ♥️

  • @s8r4
    @s8r4 Před 3 lety +5069

    Judging by how it was invented, it's really a missed opportunity to call it tanko.

    • @tendencies3199
      @tendencies3199 Před 3 lety +50

      tbh

    • @leesteal4458
      @leesteal4458 Před 3 lety +219

      Tank doesn't sound good at all. Glad that opportunity was missed.

    • @markusmarkus7590
      @markusmarkus7590 Před 3 lety +30

      its never to late ,

    • @iskandartaib
      @iskandartaib Před 3 lety +18

      I kinda see a tank meme coming here...

    • @titan10kk
      @titan10kk Před 3 lety +120

      When tank was mentioned, I immediately thought of panzer. The name is perfect.

  • @windturbine6796
    @windturbine6796 Před 3 lety +1175

    They always ask "what is panko?", never "how is panko?"

  • @Chiaros
    @Chiaros Před 2 lety +695

    That presentation on the cardboard was so sweet and wholesome, letting us know what he recommends even if it's competition (in a way). Props to those guys, and thanks for a great video

    • @wingracer1614
      @wingracer1614 Před 2 lety +31

      I suspect the reason he recommends them is because he's the one supplying them.

    • @kreyzgr5167
      @kreyzgr5167 Před 2 lety +37

      @@wingracer1614 I don't think so, if he would sell to companies that Just package up his stuff and sell it, he would do it by himself. No need to be so suspicious of everybody

    • @wingracer1614
      @wingracer1614 Před 2 lety +29

      @@kreyzgr5167 You do realize that's normal business right (dammit, my question mark key just quit working). Many of the brands you buy on a daily basis actually produce nothing but packaging and advertisements. And it makes a lot of sense. He might get a couple grocery store chains to distribute his product but not all of them. Some other brand comes along and says we have deals with 5,000 other stores, sell us your stuff so we can sell it to them and ban, a deal is made. I mean he has no retail goods of his own so who do you think he is selling his stuff too

    • @UnknowinglyDerpy
      @UnknowinglyDerpy Před 2 lety +67

      My reason to why he would recommend other brands is that they’re not really in the same market, their company only supplies restaurants so commercial brands that you find in stores won’t really be lost revenue

    • @luckydog-287
      @luckydog-287 Před 2 lety +1

      @@wingracer1614 - Yep, but okay.

  • @FelixRosas10
    @FelixRosas10 Před 2 lety +166

    I used to work at a factory that produced Panko breadcrumbs. Literally bagged the Panko brand. Really tough, but kind of fun job. Those racks you see the soft bread sitting in, I used to load those of a conveyer belt. The bread would literally just fall apart in your hands if you were just the lightest bit to rough with it. Haven’t worked there in like 3 years so watching this video was like a blast from the past 😂

    • @novaexx6587
      @novaexx6587 Před rokem +1

      Idk why but that sounds like a tasty bread to me, considering that I dont like crust 🤤🤤

    • @lukasg4807
      @lukasg4807 Před 8 měsíci +1

      Ever taste the bread?

    • @russf6572
      @russf6572 Před 2 měsíci

      Did you produce the 'moist' _(Nama)_ panko as well as the dry _(Kanso)_ panko?
      The Nama is hard to find. Probably because it still contains moisture and must be frozen.

  • @JustinY.
    @JustinY. Před 3 lety +3190

    Panko is love, Panko is life.

  • @KowboyUSA
    @KowboyUSA Před 3 lety +663

    If someone had told me tankers invented Panko, I'd thought they were kidding.

    • @piyh3962
      @piyh3962 Před 3 lety +18

      I thought you were using tankers like tankie, but nope, literal people in tanks.

    • @DonaldMerand
      @DonaldMerand Před 3 lety +44

      Missed opportunity not calling it Tanko

    • @Rockzilla1122
      @Rockzilla1122 Před 3 lety +12

      @@DonaldMerand probably a good idea not to celebrate the tank soldiers who were committing war crimes like the rape of nanking in china

    • @Kradukman
      @Kradukman Před 3 lety +4

      Germans called their tank bread panzer

    • @yoruka_
      @yoruka_ Před 3 lety +3

      Hey did you know that tankers invented panko

  • @jtofgc
    @jtofgc Před 2 lety +130

    "Pao" in portuguese is pronounced almost exactly like "pan" is in spanish, just with a more nasal "n" sound. The Japanese would likely express the modern portuguese word with the same characters they used for its archaic version.

    • @simaogouveia2156
      @simaogouveia2156 Před rokem +15

      Thanks for telling him I'm portuguese myself and was quite annoyed about the pronounciation of pão.

    • @Muzikman127
      @Muzikman127 Před rokem +22

      "Bread in modern Portuguese is pronounced PENIS" - Adam Ragusea

    • @ajp8025
      @ajp8025 Před rokem +2

      It’s a relatively nasal n sound in Japanese too, at least compared to English.

    • @corbeaudejugement
      @corbeaudejugement Před rokem +1

      ん (n) is nasal too- probably not AS nasal, but nasal enough.

  • @trixrabbit8792
    @trixrabbit8792 Před rokem +103

    My aunt has told stories about getting her first microwave back in the day. It came with a cook book that told how to make basically anything. The family would pick a recipe then watch it cook in the microwave. They tried different bread recipes. She said some would work others wouldn’t. She said that the breads that would cook up never “seemed right”

    • @EdwoodCA
      @EdwoodCA Před 9 měsíci +3

      "never seems right" My dad used to say that about me, haha! Wait... oh... 🤣

  • @chirilaioana4937
    @chirilaioana4937 Před 3 lety +1566

    "pan means bread, ko means a lot of things, like flour or child,"
    *b r e a d c h i l d*

    • @totalynotcatherine
      @totalynotcatherine Před 3 lety +58

      b r e a d c h i l d w h a t a w o n d e r f u l l w o r d

    • @atsukorichards1675
      @atsukorichards1675 Před 3 lety +76

      Ko in Panko (パン粉) means flour, not child (子供). He is confused by the same sound/reading of 粉 and 子.

    • @tobiassiagian2562
      @tobiassiagian2562 Před 3 lety +41

      @@atsukorichards1675 yeah thats the joke

    • @IchCharacter
      @IchCharacter Před 3 lety +10

      They got the recipe from the witch in Hansel and Gretel, but that children were supposed to be used was lost in translation.

    • @fbksfrank4
      @fbksfrank4 Před 3 lety +1

      Or emergency on pilot talk.

  • @belalmohammed2265
    @belalmohammed2265 Před 3 lety +875

    Dad: So son, what are you going to do with the electric engineering degree I paid for
    Son: bread goes brrrrrrrrr

    • @EstebanSastreSuarez
      @EstebanSastreSuarez Před 3 lety +8

      You deserve more likes, fine gentleman.

    • @emtpet
      @emtpet Před 3 lety +2

      Hee hee 😜

    • @nialasingsing1303
      @nialasingsing1303 Před 3 lety +7

      Reading your comment is the first time I actually lol for real in my 15 years of skimming yt videos. Thanx.

    • @Zaluskowsky
      @Zaluskowsky Před 3 lety

      Lmao. Nice one

  • @henriquekatahira1653
    @henriquekatahira1653 Před rokem +61

    As a Japanese-Brazilian I believe the pronunciation of bread “pão” in Portuguese haven’t changed over time. In the diphthong “ão” is pronounced in one syllable, where “ã” sounds like nasal “a” and the “o” in the end is very subtle. Since there is no sound like that in Japanese, they call that “pan”.

    • @TakeuchiZino
      @TakeuchiZino Před 11 měsíci +11

      His pronunciation of Pão sounded like Pau, that could mean wood or dick in context.
      I heard of a friend that the ão and ões are pretty difficult sounds to foreigners

    • @tremorstudio9766
      @tremorstudio9766 Před 11 měsíci +10

      @@TakeuchiZinominha quinta série despertou nessa hora rsrsrs

    • @ferretyluv
      @ferretyluv Před 10 měsíci +2

      @@TakeuchiZinoPão is just pronounced like “pan” would be in French.

    • @gustavju4686
      @gustavju4686 Před 5 měsíci

      ​@@ferretyluvpain (said like Spanish Pan), you mean?

  • @MrZooganopolos
    @MrZooganopolos Před 3 lety +32

    There are two kinds of bread crumbs I remember using often when I'd worked at a seafood market years ago: panko, and Italian bread crumbs. The first kind fries up nicely and provides a nice breading which is never too dense for a fork alone. The other has certain seasonings in it and is smaller than panko. They add more flavor than panko, since it's a mixture of things like basil, oregano, and pepper probably.

  • @TheHoodedGravy
    @TheHoodedGravy Před 3 lety +728

    Correction: “ko” in Panko means flour or powder (粉) while “ko” for child is written differently (子), so they are homophones in those contexts but are not the same word.

    • @vince14genius
      @vince14genius Před 3 lety +17

      Etymologically they both came from the same source, just written with different kanji
      It’s like how 聞く and 聴く are written with different kanji to distinguish between nuances but they do have similar meaning and the exact same pronunciation (a very common phenomenon in Japanese)

    • @TheHoodedGravy
      @TheHoodedGravy Před 3 lety +47

      ​@@vince14genius 粉 and 子 are not from the same source. According to Wiktionary, 蚕, 小, and 子 (all with kunyomi "ko") are cognates while 粉 is unrelated. In addition, the Kanji 聞 and 聴/聽 actually both mean more or less "to hear" in Classical Chinese and Japanese (hence the same kunyomi for these two characters) while 粉 and 子 actually mean very different things in both Classical Chinese (in which Japanese Kanji is derived from) and Japanese.

    • @vince14genius
      @vince14genius Před 3 lety +21

      Black☆Kaiser
      The cognate list written on the Wiktionary page for 子 might not be exhaustive, nor did it explicitly state that 粉 is unrelated.
      Furthermore, on both the Wiktionary pages for 子 and 粉, their processes of phonological evolution are shown, which are both “⟨ko1⟩ → */kʷo/ → /ko/”. This means that not only do they have the same pronunciation in Modern Japanese, but in Old Japanese & Proto-Japonic too. And given that both 子 and 粉 (and 小/蚕) share a semantic field of “small objects”, I think that’s pretty compelling evidence that they came from the same etymological source.

    • @ren.67
      @ren.67 Před 3 lety +21

      I'm learning Kanji and I hate it

    • @LANSl0t
      @LANSl0t Před 3 lety +4

      video is literally unwatchable

  • @a.h.tvideomapping4293
    @a.h.tvideomapping4293 Před 3 lety +1205

    Bread: exists
    Some guy: *what if we electrocute it*

  • @RobertSmith-cs7dk
    @RobertSmith-cs7dk Před 2 lety +13

    not big on food videos, but these are a perfect combination information, pace and entertainment. Low key, no boring hype, but just genuine enthusiasm that draws you in.

  • @oneworldawakening
    @oneworldawakening Před 2 lety +1

    Excellent, thank you! I enjoyed learning about the Panko process from the gentlemen at Upper Crust Enterprises, Mr. Kawaguchi, how his father started producing Panko, and the WWII history, as well as Mr. Shea's explanations and the helpful display board of recommended products!
    If there are awards for CZcams broadcasts, this episode should be nominated for one.

  • @jcnot9712
    @jcnot9712 Před 3 lety +1700

    _I bake my bread with my car battery NOT my oven. Here’s why_

    • @TimothyReeves
      @TimothyReeves Před 3 lety +26

      Need higher voltage

    • @FAIZ655
      @FAIZ655 Před 3 lety +22

      Didn’t under stand the instructions car turned to oven

    • @liambuchan4162
      @liambuchan4162 Před 3 lety +23

      *flashbacks to that episode in Top Gear where they forced Gordon Ramsay to eat car engine cooked food*

    • @fangabxyfangabxy8563
      @fangabxyfangabxy8563 Před 3 lety +9

      Hahahahahaha you’re supposed to get a Type-95 Ha-go’s battery. Any old car’s just makes it taste cheap.

    • @SianaGearz
      @SianaGearz Před 3 lety +8

      @@TimothyReeves Do you know what the voltage of a Japanese tank battery is? I guess it's a possibility that it's 48V, since descriptions of ERO ovens mention voltages of 50V and up. But i doubt the tank battery voltage was that high.
      I suppose you can work with less voltage. If you have a particular target current density per unit of area that you need to reach, then according to Ohm's Law, you only need to reduce resistance of the dough to make up for lower voltage, by reducing the length of the conductor. So 12V will just mean that the distance between plates and the thickness of the resulting bread will be 1/4th of what you can achieve with 48V.

  • @robinlu4011
    @robinlu4011 Před 3 lety +478

    2:27, Small correction, but that would be the Second Sino-Japanese War. The first would've been in the late 1800s and very separate from WWII.

    • @bwest-yq3uc
      @bwest-yq3uc Před 3 lety +1

      Didn't Teddy Roosevelt settle the first sino -war as president? Got a Nobel Prize or something for it?

    • @robinlu4011
      @robinlu4011 Před 3 lety +47

      @@bwest-yq3uc That was the Russo-Japanese War, the Sino-Japanese war predates his presidency.

    • @FlowziMowzi
      @FlowziMowzi Před 3 lety

      What, they had tanks in 1880?

    • @robinlu4011
      @robinlu4011 Před 3 lety +18

      @@FlowziMowzi I don't think so, but the story involving tank batteries would've taken place during the Second Sino-Japanese War, which started about a ~~decade~~ *2 years* before WWII, well within the era of tanks.

    • @robinlu4011
      @robinlu4011 Před 3 lety +9

      @@Mmjk_12 You are correct, I misremembered. I've edited my comment as to not confuse anyone else.

  • @Voiceofsoul83
    @Voiceofsoul83 Před 3 lety +18

    10:29 is the smothest transition into a commercial that I’ve seen!

  • @OriZilbershtein
    @OriZilbershtein Před 2 lety +8

    A lot of value, a lot of information and also helping local businesses, tying real value for users and businesses together. Your videos are the definition of how it needs to be done.

  • @ericfan5415
    @ericfan5415 Před 3 lety +256

    I swear, Adam always has the most smooth ad transitions.

    • @budus2
      @budus2 Před 3 lety +16

      Linus Tech Tips is on the same level ;)

    • @Ensule
      @Ensule Před 3 lety +1

      If you think these transitions are smooth, Not Even Emily's ad transitions will blow your mind

    • @Banditxam4
      @Banditxam4 Před 3 lety +1

      Linus is on whole another level 😅😅

    • @shaoran1026
      @shaoran1026 Před 3 lety +2

      Thoughty2 has some transitions so smooth you wouldn't even notice the ad.

    • @adrianfrauca8118
      @adrianfrauca8118 Před 3 lety +1

      I thought the sponsor was gonna be Uppercrust and I got caught off guard. Well done, Adam.

  • @iamthesword1180
    @iamthesword1180 Před 3 lety +1393

    Just a small thing: The "ko" (粉) in Panko doesn't mean child, it only means powder, flower or dust. While child is also pronounced "ko", it's a different kanji (子). It's often the case in Japanese that something is pronounced the same way, but the different kanji indicate the meaning - a real nuissance for people trying to learn the language AND of course exactely the reason why you should internalize kanji if you do.
    There are pages of words pronounced "ko", including, but not limited to the deceased (故); arc (弧); solitude, loneliness or orphan (孤); young (for animals) (仔); small, minor, petty (小) and some ancient Chinese tribes (胡).

    • @Emlyn1133
      @Emlyn1133 Před 2 lety +7

      Very interesting!!

    • @M5467y
      @M5467y Před 2 lety +31

      Also, his pronunciation of 'pan' is incorrect! It is pronounced as westerners describe a cooking pan, both in spanish and portugese

    • @qwertyTRiG
      @qwertyTRiG Před 2 lety +18

      @@M5467y And in 17th century Portuguese?

    • @M5467y
      @M5467y Před 2 lety +6

      @@qwertyTRiG it's the same as I mentioned. It is derived from the Latin pānem.

    • @daveomacron4301
      @daveomacron4301 Před 2 lety +1

      A year after the fact, and I'm kind of digging tf out of this comment.

  • @walkerspectre
    @walkerspectre Před 3 lety +13

    Hi, portuguese guy here, the "Pão" reads pretty much like "Pan", that's why the japanese call it that. Most times when there's these traders introducing foods to other countries they write it as they hear it, for example, we introduced oranges to Greece, and they call them "Portucales" there.

    • @humboldthammer
      @humboldthammer Před rokem

      Or, as they teach us Americans in elementary school, sound it out, P-A-W-N.

    • @Muzikman127
      @Muzikman127 Před rokem

      @@humboldthammer pawn? Huh?

    • @humboldthammer
      @humboldthammer Před rokem

      @@Muzikman127 Yep. Now tell me everything -- or did YOU swear an oath to secrecy? All is being revealed, right now, everywhere. The Dupes, dopes, and Pawns of the Secret Societies, just now found out that Jesus already won -- Lucifer was judged by the Ancients of Days in 1985. Final judgement for the devil and dragon is 10?12/26. Daniel 7: 9-14.
      Epochal Eclipse April 8th 2024. Don't stare at the sun. Matthew 16: 4 Jonah 3: 5

    • @Muzikman127
      @Muzikman127 Před rokem

      @@humboldthammer uh....

    • @humboldthammer
      @humboldthammer Před rokem

      @@Muzikman127 Never mind. Over 93% of men and women are nearly deaf and blind spiritually. That's called NORMAL. It has always been this way.

  • @NikolajLepka
    @NikolajLepka Před 3 lety +57

    The little ~ over top of the vowel in pão is actually an n, same with the one over ñ in Spanish.
    It dates way back before the printing press, where monks and scholars would come up with ligatures to save space on paper writing.
    The Latin Anno became Año in Spanish, and Pano became Pão in Portuguese.
    Interestingly & is also a ligature of E and t, literally the Latin word for "and", "et".

    • @raphaelnunes5925
      @raphaelnunes5925 Před 2 lety +9

      Yeah. In Portuguese we never dare to pronounce it with an open "a", it should sound more like puh-uhm.
      Pão with an open "a" would have the same pronunciation as the word "pau", which can be translated as stick, but serves as a double entendre for... well... a certain member of the male anatomy.

    • @Gadottinho
      @Gadottinho Před 2 lety +3

      And there's also some places where pão is pronounced as Pom or Pam (Brazil's south and Portugal's north)

  • @MinerMorsel
    @MinerMorsel Před 3 lety +3237

    3:27 Haha Panis

  • @Cubed311
    @Cubed311 Před 3 lety +679

    Why I electrocute my bread dough and NOT my bathtub with a toaster

  • @davidmason6354
    @davidmason6354 Před 2 lety +3

    The only guy I know that quotes scholarly articles in his food reviews. LOL. Every video is pure gold man. Keep it up.

  • @Ratsapolis
    @Ratsapolis Před 2 lety +4

    This was an awesome video, I'm glad youtube decided that I needed to understand panko on a molecular level

  • @Rupour
    @Rupour Před 3 lety +107

    Ay nice shoutout to Ethan Chlebowski at the end! His video on deep-frying helps a lot for people who want to get into it but don't know where to start/ are afraid of starting.

  • @ethlenis
    @ethlenis Před 3 lety +331

    Always remember that Panko Schnitzel is on the right.

    • @ehsan_kia
      @ehsan_kia Před 3 lety +7

      🍞🐖👉

    • @a.w.4708
      @a.w.4708 Před 3 lety +1

      @@ehsan_kia more like 🇯🇵🍞🐖👉

    • @sgtcaco
      @sgtcaco Před 3 lety +2

      @@a.w.4708👉 🐔🔨🍚🍖

    • @1337GameDev
      @1337GameDev Před 3 lety +1

      lol it's been how long, and this joke still isn't dead :P

    • @ethlenis
      @ethlenis Před 3 lety

      1337GameDev nope haha

  • @EDoyl
    @EDoyl Před 3 lety +1

    7:55 look at that flawless slow scroll. A real professional.

  • @rushdieuoy
    @rushdieuoy Před 3 lety +2

    I found and fell in love with your channel today and I've learned so much!

  • @IWouldLikeToRemainAnonymous
    @IWouldLikeToRemainAnonymous Před 3 lety +439

    The teacher: What are you laughing at?
    Me: *chuckles at the Latin word for bread, "Panis"*

    • @HenriqueErzinger
      @HenriqueErzinger Před 3 lety +27

      Panis is not that funny, but the way he mispronounced the portuguese "pão", what he said was "pau", a slang for penis.

    • @TheRedKnight101
      @TheRedKnight101 Před 3 lety +4

      I love the smell of _Pinus_ at Christmas time.

    • @astrod3rp305
      @astrod3rp305 Před 3 lety +5

      Filipino word for panis is expired lol

    • @engineergaming7407
      @engineergaming7407 Před 3 lety +3

      @@astrod3rp305 expired cupcake

    • @awlomthesheepermen
      @awlomthesheepermen Před 3 lety +3

      In French bread is “pain”

  • @Rethbael
    @Rethbael Před 3 lety +723

    In portuguese, "Pão" is spoken with an A sound like the one said in "Anvil". As he said in the video, "Pao", really sounded like "pau", which translates as wood or... dick.

    • @frankx8739
      @frankx8739 Před 3 lety +29

      Haha Beavis: he said "wood".

    • @NiqIce
      @NiqIce Před 3 lety +33

      Thats... informational thank you

    • @LemonRush7777
      @LemonRush7777 Před 3 lety +72

      Yeah, you may not want to eat "pao". It's a chocking hazard, after all.

    • @fenrirgg
      @fenrirgg Před 3 lety +15

      Why don't you pronounce "pan" and avoid confusing bread with dicks? You Portuguese are always wanting to not speak Spanish smh...

    • @andreyamane8892
      @andreyamane8892 Před 3 lety +65

      @@fenrirgg because it's only confusing if you pronounce it wrong ;)

  • @rayzecor
    @rayzecor Před rokem

    The visual aid was such a nice touch, made me smile

  • @jaycal1920
    @jaycal1920 Před 2 lety

    I watched this video a while ago but only just rediscovered your channel. I overlooked your comprehensive research and attention to details.

  • @Krossfyre
    @Krossfyre Před 3 lety +114

    In case anyone is like me and wants to know the brands that were recommended in the video (at 8:10) , here they are in order:
    Dynasty
    JFC
    Wel Pac
    Tokuyo
    Shirakiku
    All of these can be ordered online, if you want.

    • @PurtyPurple
      @PurtyPurple Před 3 lety +4

      Thank you :)

    • @Maplenr
      @Maplenr Před 3 lety +3

      Appreciate you dawg

    • @terilapsey
      @terilapsey Před 3 lety +3

      Thank you so much for writing these down!!

    • @CoenVisserVerluci
      @CoenVisserVerluci Před 3 lety +2

      Adam didn't even show them well! The dude put effort into making the display

    • @ssatva
      @ssatva Před 3 lety +1

      MVP. The info we kinda actually *needed* from this vid! Thanks.

  • @titaniawallace4223
    @titaniawallace4223 Před 3 lety +1592

    NOOOO YOU CAN'T USE THE BATTERY FROM THE TANK WE NEED THAT FOR FIGHTING THE WAR
    hahaa dough go bzzzt

    • @undeniablySomeGuy
      @undeniablySomeGuy Před 3 lety +20

      haha you can't fight with no troops bzzt bzzt

    • @thatsnodildo1974
      @thatsnodildo1974 Před 3 lety +52

      *NOOO WE WERE GONNA USE IT FOR WAR CRIMES NOOO*

    • @df71091
      @df71091 Před 3 lety +14

      These comments are so cringe

    • @aliridho3513
      @aliridho3513 Před 3 lety +13

      @@thatsnodildo1974 of course, we all use panko to do war crime

    • @pain7714
      @pain7714 Před 3 lety +1

      Marcus Macena aight but who asked

  • @jbonham78
    @jbonham78 Před rokem

    Absolutely great videos! The amouyof research and put-together is awesome. 🙏🏻

  • @andrewfournet8723
    @andrewfournet8723 Před 2 měsíci

    Excellent presentation and very informative! Thank you!

  • @sylphor3649
    @sylphor3649 Před 3 lety +104

    Everybody gangsta until u see ur local deli shocking the bread with volts

  • @RayMak
    @RayMak Před 3 lety +828

    Crunchy and delicious. Good for fish and chips too

  • @chrisanderson7820
    @chrisanderson7820 Před 2 lety

    It's funny how interesting obscure topics can be. Great video.

  • @JonathanAdami
    @JonathanAdami Před 2 lety

    OMG the segue to squarespace is so smooth it hurts! Well done mate haha and thanks for the rest of the video too :D

  • @jasonparrish8670
    @jasonparrish8670 Před 3 lety +70

    "I'm running out of reasons to use any other kind of bread crumb." Exactly! Well said!

    • @MikhelBL
      @MikhelBL Před 2 lety +1

      That only shows how bad of a cook a person is, different breadcrumbs are available because of their different possible use, some brown easier so you can't use them in instances where the meat needs to spend a lot of time in hot oil, others conserve their crispy texture even if they are immersed in liquids which are helpful for good sweeet and sour chicken and panko in those instances are a no go.

    • @timchong520
      @timchong520 Před 2 lety +9

      @@MikhelBL i think you got what he said wrong, he mean't that panko is just the best all around breadcrumbs, what the point of buying a very specific breadcrumb if you are only gonna use it like once a week at most

  • @chewygewy8
    @chewygewy8 Před 3 lety +25

    Just for reference it seems pretty easy to make panko yourself. They actually gave you the DIY solution in the interview. Flower, water, tank battery, boom bread crumbs!

  • @user-james224
    @user-james224 Před 2 lety +2

    I’m from Japan but I never knew about origins of パン粉(panko). This was super interesting you watch.

  • @ablount6826
    @ablount6826 Před 3 lety

    So smooth with the Squarespace ad. Smooth! ❤️

  • @flamebrindger3984
    @flamebrindger3984 Před 3 lety +45

    SO THAT'S WHY I LOVE PANKO! I haven't used Panko breading in a while, but I absolutely love Panko and couldn't find a way to explain why I prefer Panko over regular breadings. This is the scientific facts that I needed!

  • @motherofone1
    @motherofone1 Před 3 lety +211

    To avoid soggy/oily fried food, double fry it. You initially deep fry at a lower temp and then refry again at a higher temp. The refrying apparently drives off extra fat and leaves the end result crispy.

    • @thedativecase9733
      @thedativecase9733 Před 2 lety +16

      I explained this online once - as it was the way my parents always deep fried food. The general response from today's gen was "No-one can be bothered to do that".

    • @TheRealBlakers
      @TheRealBlakers Před 2 lety +32

      @@thedativecase9733 Not surprising. I have ten years of experience in restaurants and another trick I learned is letting the food rest above a hot fryer for a few minutes (the oven works too). It prevents the oil and crust from cooling too much causing the absorption effect mentioned in the video. The longer you keep fried food warm the less grease and more flavor you get from it.

    • @tracer740
      @tracer740 Před 2 lety +5

      This is especially beneficial for superb french fries!

    • @mattploij2673
      @mattploij2673 Před 2 lety +15

      you need to let it rest after the first fry to let the water evaporate off though you can't just do it stright away. its a good tip though, i won't use panko because my breadcrumbs are just bread that didn't get eaten in time, so all of my schnitzels are regular breaded otherwise i'd be wasting that, although yep panko is crispier. my mum switched to them a few years ago (and she's been schnitzeling since she was a kid). it takes something pretty big to get an old austrian woman who has been cooking one way for 50 years to change her methods.

    • @Mikey-ym6ok
      @Mikey-ym6ok Před rokem +1

      That’s how fries are made. Learned at le cordon bleu that’s how you avoid soggy wet fries. Take cut potatoes, wet it, fry it, freeze it, fry again. Less oil and crispy

  • @donthetrader
    @donthetrader Před rokem

    I just found your site….I’ve watched 3 and I find you do a terrific job and also very interesting….thanx so much!

  • @jacobwatson5484
    @jacobwatson5484 Před 2 lety

    The two factory gentlemen were awesome. You could tell how proud they were of their craft

  • @RedSkyWhisper
    @RedSkyWhisper Před 3 lety +88

    9:32 Just to add on what Adam says, "Tonkatsu" is the pork version of this Japanese schnitzel, "Ton" means pork here. So the sauce would be "Tonkatsu sauce", not just "Tonkatsu" which refers to the deep-fried pork schnitzel.

    • @Royy164
      @Royy164 Před 3 lety +1

      True. Also, if I heard the ingredients correctly, that's teriyaki sauce.

    • @Krossfyre
      @Krossfyre Před 3 lety +4

      @@Royy164I guess it might be the same as whatever they do for American teriyaki sauce, though truly, in Japan teriyaki is just a glaze of soy sauce, mirin, and sugar. Nothing like an actual sauce. Tonkatsu sauce is basically a variation on what the Brits called brown sauce. It's actually often vegetarian, and it's a kind of Japanese Worcestershire/Worcester sauce. I think that's where a lot of people get confused and assume it needs to contain Worcestershire sauce, as in the Lea and Perrin's kind of fermented fish sauce, when really it often doesn't contain fish at all.

    • @drewgehringer7813
      @drewgehringer7813 Před 3 lety +1

      @@Krossfyre I'd put it midway between teritaki sauce and british-style brown sauce

  • @BJ-Hawk
    @BJ-Hawk Před 3 lety +60

    I managed to convince my mother to use panko instead of breadcrumbs. She was very sceptical at first, but once she tried it, she couldn't believe how much tastier and crunchier the food became. We don't use anything else anymore, just panko. And I'm slowly moving my friends to it too.

  • @mardinecampbell2870
    @mardinecampbell2870 Před 11 měsíci

    I really enjoy your explanations. Thanks.

  • @JosephLachh
    @JosephLachh Před 2 lety

    I appreciate this video a lot. I didn't expect to learn all this. I'm impressed.

  • @MasterMalrubius
    @MasterMalrubius Před 3 lety +132

    "I don't want to eat bread on bread.".

    • @s3studios597
      @s3studios597 Před 2 lety +1

      Reminds me of a honeybun sandwich I ate one time.

    • @Nyanfood
      @Nyanfood Před 2 lety +1

      @@s3studios597 My husband's toast sandwich comes to mind too

    • @KindredBrujah
      @KindredBrujah Před 2 lety +4

      We batter and deep-fry everything, much of which ends up on a bun of some sort.

  • @kola3758
    @kola3758 Před 3 lety +162

    In portuguese "pão" is read like "puh-w", the "ã" being a nasal A and the "o" making a W sound. So the pronunciation is actually very close to the old form and current spanish word "pan".

    • @Luiz-tz6ls
      @Luiz-tz6ls Před 3 lety +30

      I think a good start for English speakers would be to pronounce the Portuguese "não" like the English "noun". By taking the first n out of the word "noun", they can use the "oun" part to pronounce the sound of ão in almost any word without struggling. It is still not the perfect pronunciation of words having ão, but it is closer than pau is to pão.
      Nice video, by the way

    • @rafaelkobayashi1785
      @rafaelkobayashi1785 Před 3 lety +42

      and if u say "pao" the way Adam did, ure saying "dick"

    • @varunrajesh1028
      @varunrajesh1028 Před 3 lety +3

      Rafael Kobayashi haha

    • @HenriqueErzinger
      @HenriqueErzinger Před 3 lety +11

      I have no idea how you got "puh-w", but apart from it, yeah. He did murder the pronunciation (which is expected from an American trying to say "ão") and what he said was "pau", which is "wood" and a slang for dick.

    • @kola3758
      @kola3758 Před 3 lety +1

      @@HenriqueErzinger "puh" as in "pã" and a W sound from the final "o" (like a polish ł).

  • @jotapeortiz
    @jotapeortiz Před 3 lety +2

    Thank you, this question once slipped my mind, and now I have the answer to it.

  • @veteran35th
    @veteran35th Před 6 měsíci

    History, and food history is soooo interesting. Great vid, cheers.

  • @coucoumohsen9054
    @coucoumohsen9054 Před 3 lety +25

    This guy always answers questions i never knew i had to ask

  • @shabbarbukhari7200
    @shabbarbukhari7200 Před 3 lety +144

    "Wubba Wubba"
    -Adam Ragusea 2020

  • @lexsodz
    @lexsodz Před 3 lety

    This was insanely satisfying all the crazy factss!! thank you!

  • @LeoStaley
    @LeoStaley Před 3 lety

    AAAHH that ad transition was golden!

  • @fclp67
    @fclp67 Před 3 lety +51

    I like how he recommended Ethan at the end, there's even a link in the de_box

    • @porsche911sbs
      @porsche911sbs Před 3 lety +2

      Adam's clearly been an inspiration for Ethan

  • @kaemincha
    @kaemincha Před 3 lety +38

    This interview seems great! Upper Crust Enterprises seems like a well-prepared company.

  • @courtlaw1
    @courtlaw1 Před 3 lety +1

    I didn't know I needed to know this, I am glad I accidentally discovered your videos. I have tried using bread crumbs in the past and didn't care for it but now I may try Panko.

  • @gillesgibreel3898
    @gillesgibreel3898 Před 2 lety

    Very interesting and scientifically accurate. You are my new CZcams hero! Thank you so much, from Italy!

  • @jennhoff03
    @jennhoff03 Před 3 lety +25

    Thank you explaining how Panko is "currently" made.

  • @donnamcmanus7360
    @donnamcmanus7360 Před 3 lety +17

    I started only using panko about 10 years ago. I used it for chicken cutlets, meatballs and meatloaf & was a lot happier with the results. Even after refrigerating the leftover fried cutlets, they were still surprisingly crispy. Love your content!

  • @grey5751
    @grey5751 Před 11 měsíci

    your videos feel like chasing etymology and i love it.

  • @slide7132
    @slide7132 Před rokem

    Adam, thank you for this great video.

  • @karmacounselor
    @karmacounselor Před 3 lety +91

    Thank you to the Japanese panko people for letting us know how this is different!

  • @compscript7973
    @compscript7973 Před 3 lety +238

    My life changed when I realized Panko bread crumbs were so different than Bread crumbs.

    • @DMSProduktions
      @DMSProduktions Před 3 lety +1

      DUHH!

    • @rebekahsegun8319
      @rebekahsegun8319 Před 3 lety +12

      I used to think that Panko was a brand. Specifically a brand that wasn't available where I am (the UK), so I would always just buy regular breadcrumbs when a recipe called for Panko, but boy did I realise I was wrong when my sister came home with a supermarket brand of Panko breadcrumbs.

    • @DMSProduktions
      @DMSProduktions Před 3 lety +2

      @@rebekahsegun8319 LOL! Noob!

    • @longplaylegends
      @longplaylegends Před 2 lety

      @@rebekahsegun8319 I didn't really think it was a brand, but I agree on not really knowing what it was, or how they'd behave vs the regular stuff... For a lot of stuff I won't go back, but a lot of stuff I would never switch over for.

    • @1014p
      @1014p Před 2 lety

      I thought it was just a trademark name.

  • @madelainepetrin1430
    @madelainepetrin1430 Před 2 lety

    Lovely! I discovered Panko and never looked back, great for crispy fish too.

  • @scott5106
    @scott5106 Před 3 lety +20

    Love this video... I never knew why Panko was different, just that it was, nice to know why. If you really want crispy use potato starch instead of flour, you'll be surprised.

  • @towakin7718
    @towakin7718 Před 3 lety +61

    For south German meatballs (which rule supreme among all meatballs), we use special ground up dried mini breads (Brötchen) instead of regular breadcrumbs.
    Now that I think of it the properties of these ground up breads are pretty much exactly like panko. Next time I make them I will try to get some panko and make some of them with that and see what happens :D

    • @Dark-dz8co
      @Dark-dz8co Před 2 lety +1

      how did it do?

    • @towakin7718
      @towakin7718 Před 2 lety +10

      @@Dark-dz8co Worse than the original recipy, but I think a little better than regular breadcrumbs. The result was less tender and more crumbly, which kind of makes sense since the particles are smaller after all. Also here it's the most expensive option... Perhaps if I were in Japan and couldn't find the right sort of bread it may be a sort of emergency alternative.

    • @ShaunOnToast
      @ShaunOnToast Před 2 lety

      @@towakin7718 thank you for following up for us :)

    • @adventureswithkylekastle7643
      @adventureswithkylekastle7643 Před 2 lety

      Recipie?!?!?

    • @towakin7718
      @towakin7718 Před 2 lety +7

      @@adventureswithkylekastle7643 No, it seems neither "recipy" nor "recipie" is correct, it's apparently spelled recipe xD
      2 old buns (yellow outside, pure white inside), break them into small pieces. This can be a little annoying.
      500g of minced meat. 50% pork 50% beef (Yes this is important).
      2 eggs
      parsley
      mustard
      some salt and pepper
      an onion or two. Put in a pan with butter and some of the parsley at medium heat until they are glazed.
      Then knead it all up until it's evenly mixed.
      Heat the pan, and when forming the balls make your hands wet or everything will stick to your hands.
      Don't make balls, but instead kind of flat, wide cakes. About 2cm (less than an inch) thick, and about 7-10cm (3-4 inches) in diameter, and put them in the pan at medium high heat. Turn once. They're supposed to be nicely brown. If done at the right temperature they will not be dry (which is also the reason for the mixed minced meat) but nicely juicy.
      You can eat them hot with all sorts of things, or cold with some bread and mustard if you like.

  • @SaltExarch
    @SaltExarch Před 3 lety +19

    As someone who's part Japanese, I find this really interesting. I've used panko in cooking almost exclusively (I like it much better than traditional breadcrumbs) and it's really cool to see how it was first developed and how it was made.
    As an aside, my favorite thing to do with panko is to make tonkats or chicken katsu which you made (ton meaning pork, and katsu meaning cutlet, so pork or chicken cutlets. You called "tonkatsu" the name of the sauce, but tonkatsu sauce is just the sauce traditionally served alongside tonkatsu) and katsudon (which is usually made from leftover katsu and a mixture of egg, onion, and sauce made from soy sauce, mirin, and sake, served in a bowl over rice). It's delicious.

  • @HandyMan657
    @HandyMan657 Před 10 měsíci

    Thank you man. All excellent information.

  • @Omni0404
    @Omni0404 Před rokem

    I've been on CZcams for like 15 years and this is the first time your channel has ever been recommended to me.

  • @Sarah-vo1rh
    @Sarah-vo1rh Před 3 lety +117

    "Basically Japanese white wine" - I lol'd. This was really interesting, I had no idea why panko was so different!
    A couple Japanese language nitpicks:
    A different word pronounced "ko" does mean child, 子, but that's just a homophone. The "ko" in panko is written 粉 which means flour or powder, like you said.
    "Tonkatsu" means pork cutlets, the pork version of the chicken katsu that you made. "Tonkatsu sauce" is the phase you were looking for.

    • @asldfkjgl
      @asldfkjgl Před 3 lety +4

      Or just Katsu sauce, or bulldog sauce by the popular brand name

    • @andreawallenberger2668
      @andreawallenberger2668 Před 3 lety +1

      So tonkatsu = Weiener (Viennese/Salzburg) Schitzel, did I get that right?
      LOL the longer I cook/travel/eat the more I'm like fine every culture has its:
      _______________ [fill in the blank]
      *little fried meat hand pie
      *puffy sugar & cinnamon dough dessert
      *baked in a clay pot simmered veg + meat
      *noodles +broth/sauce
      *weird use of eggs meal
      *hot sauce
      *yogurt adjacent stuff
      *goat/sheep &/or cows milk cheese product
      *version of bacon
      etc

    • @johnmccrossan9376
      @johnmccrossan9376 Před 3 lety +2

      BREAD CHILD!

    • @lyshlysh9970
      @lyshlysh9970 Před 3 lety

      I got whiplash when he said tonkatsu, I forgot that he was making chicken katsu for a second.

    • @santy8017
      @santy8017 Před 3 lety +1

      And panko is pronounced pahnkoh

  • @johnmonarch1375
    @johnmonarch1375 Před 3 lety +12

    Possibly the smoothest ad transition I've ever seen

  • @angelbanuelos3767
    @angelbanuelos3767 Před 9 měsíci

    I really appreciated the cardboard slide ❤

  • @lesconrads
    @lesconrads Před 3 lety +51

    The guys you interviewed were amazing!! I love the background and I love the prop with the brands

  • @Michall1212
    @Michall1212 Před 3 lety +107

    Adam back at it again with " Why I electrocute myself, not my breadcrumbs"

    • @m1a1abrams3
      @m1a1abrams3 Před 3 lety +3

      why my breadcrumbs electrocute me and not oh wait

  • @troberts1
    @troberts1 Před 3 lety +5

    Oh yeah, I exclusively use panko and have for years. I had no idea why panko was so much better and different than regular breadcrumbs. Now I know! Thank you for this video it was really informative and interesting. :D

  • @elizabethjansen2684
    @elizabethjansen2684 Před 2 lety

    Learned something new today, thanks.

  • @jpay06
    @jpay06 Před 3 lety +43

    grinding up pork rinds works extremely well, too. great for low-carb cooking.

    • @sgartner
      @sgartner Před 3 lety +6

      In fact, we've used a product called "pork panko" and while it's not the same, it's pretty damn good (surprised all of us).

    • @BraveInstance
      @BraveInstance Před 2 lety +1

      Grated parmesan cheese makes a great keto alternative as well.

  • @Patience1138
    @Patience1138 Před 3 lety +55

    Ethan’s next video: Why making your own Panko is a GREAT idea!

    • @billl5297
      @billl5297 Před 3 lety +6

      he's such a snake

    • @blowchunkz
      @blowchunkz Před 3 lety +7

      @@billl5297 More like a leech than anything. 🤣

    • @starfthegreat
      @starfthegreat Před 3 lety +29

      Ethan is a great CZcamsr honnestly, his response video was well made imho

    • @welbo3573
      @welbo3573 Před 3 lety +4

      bill L can you explain

    • @quinnchoffin4554
      @quinnchoffin4554 Před 3 lety +2

      @@billl5297 lmao wut

  • @Vampaer0
    @Vampaer0 Před 2 lety

    This guy’s ad transitions are flawless as always

  • @lloydtancred
    @lloydtancred Před 3 lety

    Just started learning to cook a little, started using panko bread crumbs, which led me down this rabbit hole, very informative.

  • @Vaughanflaherty
    @Vaughanflaherty Před 3 lety +25

    Me: Trying to sleep
    Adam: WUBBA WUBBA