HISTORY OF IDEAS - Ancient Greece
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- čas přidán 27. 07. 2024
- We know we’re meant to think that Ancient Greece was a cradle of civilisation; but what exactly did the Greeks contribute to humanity? Here is a list of some of their greatest and most relevant achievements.
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As a Greek-Albanian (descendant) student of classical studies, about to head into a degree in ancient world studies, i have to thank the school of life for both ironing out my reasoning for studying the subject along side my political degree, and giving me a ready medium to express that understanding onto others, without a four hour lecture that is :'), thanks alot School of life, you're videos are both inspiring and thought provoking, please continue the absolutely phenomenal job, really great work !
couldn't have said it better myself
The fact that ancient Greek gyms were schools and gyms is apparent in modern language. The English word for where one works out is called a Gymnasium. The German word for advanced high school is Gymnasium.
+
Also the Lyceum temple dedicated to Apollo in Ancient Greece it the root word for the advanced secondary school in France - "Lycee". Since Aristotle spent a good dealing of time teaching at the Lyceum it makes sense.
Do you know what 'gymnasium' means? the literal translation from the Greek is 'the place of nudity'. I'm sure most of the German students wouldn't know that.
deanosumo i'm german and I knew that
+deanosumo
That was one of the first things I learned at a german Gymnasium.
I've lived in Greece thanks to the Erasmus program and I keep visiting it every year. I actually disagree with the thought that the ancient greek values have been lost. If you mingle with the locals and experience the greek way of living you'll realize that many of these values are still present.
I was born and raised in a western european country, which could be considered one of the most humane ones, yet the greek society and its people are by far more humane and philanthropic than my society. Also, i've had some of the deepest, most meaningful philosophical discussions with my greek friends while we were sitting in the park or by the sea for hours simply for the fun of it, something that has never happened with my friends in my own country.
I love Greece both ancient and modern.
I am curious. If you don’t mind me asking: which country are you from?
I finally understand why schools in Russia are called gymnasiums!! Thank you!!!
In Croatia, high schools are also Gymnasiums
In Italy, the first two years of lyceum are also called 4th and 5th gymnasium
In Germany as well
Gymnasiums is the same as high schools. But in gymnasiums you learn in higher preferances from teachers.
The peak of humanity: Ancient Greece. It's mind blowing to know that there was such a developed society o long ago and now not even with all the technology we can't be better people. I will work hard to nurture mind and body to honour Ancient Greece.
The fundamental cause of their ideas was wisdom and enlightenment. People are prevented from those in modern society through distractions such as entertainment. Enlightenment and wisdom is not embraced as if it were, the system of power and money would collapse as selflessness would prevail.
The people with power want to keep that power because they are closed minded and do not understand that power is an illusion and that people matter more than money.
Not to diminish their big ideas but they also practiced slavery and it wasn't all roses and oranges for all of them like many say.
Not all places in Greece were shining standards of how we should conduct society. Laconia was an absolutely brutal militarial oligarchy and is in no way to conduct a greater society that transcends the realm of war. Of course Spartan warriors were top notch and their military practices were massively innovative. But they let their society only revolve around that of military and would not accept diverse views from the Perioikoi.
Many slaves were Porneian slaves that were forced to do things against their will to satisfy whoever the Owner bided. Helot slaves from Laconia were forced to mine in treacherous caves with (obviously) no protection. (Sparta even had a ritual where many generals would go and find the strongest of the Helot people and brutally murder them - it was a sort of rite of passage). Now obviously how slaves were treated was by a case by case basis and many Greek slave owners (especially in Athens) were encouraged to educated their slaves and let them build their own wealth so they may buy their way out of the contract.
However this is a really sophisticated way to balance the vice of owning a person because this instills the guise that this a necessary practice integral to how we are productive. For many exslaves went on to match their previous owner in slave count or possibly more.
@fot geo oh what's your profession? (if you don't mind)
@fot geo I prefaced the comment with "not to diminish their big ideas"
I love Greece as a society but they definitely did not achieve the ultimate moral maxim; however the slavery (in my opinion) does not outweigh what our globalized neolibertarin society is doing at the present, so I definitely marvel at Greece to a good regard. No worries I respect the place I just wanted to grand stand (o:;
How did I know that the first comment would be about Greece's current state and a generalisation of all its people. Come on guys.
Sophia M. K
They're irrelevant. Not all people have their gray matter working properly
@@sreejansheeldas8811 Ya Peter
"I came to the Greeks early, and I found answers in them. Greece's great men let all their acts turn on the immortality of the soul. We don't really act as if we believed in the soul's immortality and that's why we are where we are today."
― Edith Hamilton
As an Ancient Historian student, this gave me a lot of confidence and ideas! Thank you!
I disagree with saying that the ideas that were born in Greece no longer survive here. It's not our finest hour but it is not our worst either.
thy dont they have hig tax evasion and corruption and last time i heard greeks were none for paying virtually no taxes plus retire at a younger age Greece is nothing like its former self and their ideas of philosophy art and atheletics have dissipated from Greek life
No they do not have Tax evasion. They simply did not have Taxes to begin with like other countries. But of course the media would not like you to think that there can be a life without taxes so they do not talk about that. Did you know that in Greece by Law, your inherited lands and houses etc can never be seized, that you can never be expropriated, even if you owe millions? It is just like that. Different than much of the rest of Europe and especially NA where humans mean nothing under the sign of the Dollar. There are still many elements in Greece of Today and Greeks that permeate time and persist in the Greek Psyche and traditions. Of course some other are not the same, since Greece went through major changes too. It championed Christianity established it as a Religion and promoted it. Evolved in to a new Empire of its own, we called Byzantine, but that was the continuation of the Roman Empire, yet Greek instead of Latin and withstood for almost a thousand more years.The only period Greece was really defeated was from the Ottoman Empire and the fall of Constantinople. But even under Occupation of 300 years it rose from the ashed and regained its independence. It is normal that after all this adventure that Greeks of today are not identical to ancient Greeks, however, they are the descendants of the ancient Greeks nevertheless. They are still there. In school children still learn both Modern and Ancient Greek. Ancient Greece is part of every Greek person it is every Greek's History. And not some Civilization which Greeks lost all contact or relation to. Have you taken a look at the Greek Education Curriculum? I invite you look for a Wiki article "Education in Greece" look at the subjects look at History, Political Sciences, Theater, Ancient Greek Literature and Philosophy and the frequency these are taught. Not all go to university I reckon but all go to Gymnasium (junior High) and Lycaeum (high school)...notice that these are still called the same as in Ancient Greece ;) The financial problems in Greece were create by corrupt politicians and Goldman Sachs, and then perpetuated by IMF, EU Creditors post 2008 Global economical Crisis. And not because of what you mention that is hear say and utter falsities to misdirect the root cause. The people are not to blame in the current crisis.
czcams.com/video/S_itBCGeLig/video.html
@@doumahamigahila8133 And the ancient greeks were a bunch of virtuious angels? Please... Also, I thoroughly disagree with the video that "they got conquered and the ideas were lost..." if anything the romans took most greek ideas to their logical conclusion and beyond.
@@doumahamigahila8133 too much mainstream media consumption has rotten your brain.
Still hoping you will start some short films about music and it's importance to culture and society! But until that happy day- I suppose I'll just have to suffer as I avidly watch everything you make! Thanks so much!
+Leonard Tan A modern translation of Plato's Politics is surprisingly readable. At least for a good flick through. The analogy of the cave especially is something you read and think "yeah, I can see why this guy is so highly rated".
+VocalSalesMastery
Not sure if you're familiar with this quote from Ernst Fischer. Here's something to fill you in while waiting for the video from +The School of Life, it's my favourite.
"In a decaying society, art, if it is truthful, must also reflect decay. And unless it wants to break faith with its social function, art must show the world as changeable. And help to change it."
Great video for one more time,The school of life! Thank you for making a video about my ancestors and the major role Ancient Greece played in history! Wish, we modern Greeks, could be more like them haha
+The School of Life when are you going to make reviews and analysis of art work?
+Maria Kazazaki I liked the question asked by the ancestral skeleton when it was interviewed by the comedian Antonis Kanakis, "You're very proud of your ancestors. But have you asked your ancestors if they are proud of you?" Sometimes in the face of tragic circumstances the best thing one can do is laugh. Every 3000 year old nation has its ups and downs, but I have no doubt that Greece will recover and blossom and fulfill its unique destiny in the world.
ThePeaceableKingdom You are very right my friend!
Our ancestors would certainly not be very proud of us if they knew what is going on in Greece right now!It is totally understandable,obviously.
But i have faith.When we reach the bottom the only thing we can do is go up! :)
Maria Kazazaki
:)
Every time I see a new video on this channel, I notice that you lift the bar. Every new video is better and more insightful. Excellent job!
Alain, i really love the things you explain and how you explain them on this channel. Loads of thanks and gratitude.
Modern Greeks, from at least the time of their War of Independence, have fought for the values of justice and freedom. Democracy is not always a peaceful exercise.
I find very useful the way you connect Ancient Greece to current quotidian life. In addition, the video offers a great deal of information in such a short time. Thank you for making and posting it.
I would like to thank you for this great video, seeing what Greece was and what Greece has become makes very sad. Keep the good work this channel is awesome !
I was just thinking the same thing. It is sad thinking of how little we have progressed in some ways. This channel helps me understand just how much we've missed the goal and where we should be focusing our attention in the future. It is funny how schools in the United States are getting away from any form of physical education and what we did have was lackluster at best.
One of my favourite subjects. Thank you so much for this. Great video!
This is such a wonderful channel. Thank you so much for all these great videos! Best thing I have found on youtube. Please dokeep them coming.
I must say that since i had stumbled upon your channel. i cannot seize to watch your videos.
your commentary and graphics are well done
moreover you deliver nicely the idea.
great job !!
You deserve way more views that what you get. I love the animations, I love the narration and I love the content.
8:55 a gym today isn't inherently mindless. That's an unfair criticism. An experience at a gym is as mindless or mindful as you make it. You can plug your headphones in to listen to intelligent podcasts and lectures or club music or both at different times while weight training or on a cardio machine. It's completely up to you. I keep myself extremely fit and it's an unfortunate belief among many in my circles that gym culture is an unintelligent culture when in reality it's whatever you make it.
I sometimes like to draw an analogy in the different approaches to sport between Greece and Rome, and compare them to those of the old British Empire, and the Modern US....Greece and Britain saw sport more as a development of character and discipline, while Rome and the US emphasise the spectacle and financial gain.
+tsopmocful I'd say that German/French philosophy and culture of the Romantic era is as close to ancient Greek philosophy as we have ever got so far. I still agree with you on the analogy of the US and Rome; I often say "America is the Rome of the West".
+tsopmocful Good comparison, it's not surprising when you realise how much British Empire private schools worshipped the Greeks. If you follow the English premier league, you'll know we're firmly on the US/Rome side now.
+mankytoes
Yes, I agree.
That's why I was careful in referring to the 'old' British Empire in my comment.
(Not that there is any 'new' one, of course).
An absolute pleasure to watch.Thank you for making this.
I really like the way you see and preach these visions.
Great, great content. Thank you!
Thank you for this video. I watch almost everything you upload. I just want to add that Macedonia is Greek and Alexander the great was also Greek. It's sad that I need to remind people that.
the comment section of this vid is a education all in itself...
I really love your site. Endlessly insightful and accessible.
This video was really insightful and interesting. Are you guys considering doing one similar to this about Japan? I know you did one about Matsuo Basho, but it would be interesting to see a history on the whole of Japan.
Amazing Video.Thank you School Of Life for posting something like that for the whole world to see and more importanly for us Modern greeks to see,remember,learn and aspire.
I'm completely baffled by why these videos aren't several orders of magnitude more popular. I think in time, they will go viral.
I learned a bit today about Ancient Greece. Thank you,
Nice overview of Ancient Southern Greece, in the Classical period and glory of some of its City States. One thing that I always wondered however is why there is a tendency to separate Alexander the Great and Macedonians from Greece. Macedonians were Greek, Aristotle was Greek too, and he was Macedonian. Macedonians were just Greeks of the north, like, Thesally or Epirus, they are not often talked about in the classical period because they had not formed city states of note or organized in to the Knigdoms they were in the 3rd century BC onward. But they were Greek. Phillip II and his son Alexander united Greece. It was done through battle yes, but it was not a foreign invasion of southern Greece, it was just another Greek faction that rose and was victorious. It could have been Sparta, they did not seek to unite all of Greece and the city states. Macedonians did and they succeeded. And then launched their campaign towards non Greek Lands and Civilisations, spreading Hellénisme all the way to India. They did not spread Macedonian Culture, they spread Greek Culture. Macedonians were as Greek as any other. And I wish that we would understand this and stop this confusion with FYROM, whose people come in much later in to the region occupying the ancient lands of Phillip and Alexander but in reality having nothing to do with Macedonia proper.
Very well done!!!! Good job, SOL. Good job, Alain.
Amazing video as always
Thank you School of Life - that was a wonderful overarching analysis.
thank you once again the school of life love all your videos
Nice, but the Ancient Greeks never disappeared, it just evolved. The point about the Greeks not being able to stop fighting each other is true for the Romans too, and the Byzantine Empire was founded by a Roman Greek (Constantine) and it lasted for 1123 years. Western European scholars ignore Eastern European intellectual contributions, thus the focus on the Italian Renaissance rather than similar developments that happened on several previous occasions in Constantinople.
Greetings (appreciate the deletion) still, of the western world exclusions, that is a 'standing order' alive and well from the inner-European Dark Ages. The few connections to that other older part of the world and very ancient human history (Africa) are set in fictions (in order to ignore).
Exactly... And you're talking to a direct descendant... Fitanides... Is Ancient Greek surname suffix in it's original form! It's the most ancient of all Greek suffixes. Cronides father of Zeus. So Andrew himself is evidence that Ancient Greeks are still here alive and kicking.
Thank you for yet another excellent video.
He guys you're awesome! Keep up the good work. Greetings from the Dominican Republic.
That video was...Amazing. It's a good thing I decided to use the search bar for once.
Great video. very nicely put
I enjoy this video very much for its clear and interesting ideas. I am studying in Guayaquil, Ecuador at UTPL and of our teachers suggested to view it. Five great concepts , it seems like a simple recipe, we have so much to do as humanity.
thanks a lot School of Life!
I always come back to this video
There are three classes of men; lovers of wisdom, lovers of honor, and lovers of gain.
Plato
great content as usual, you should definitely do a history of Japan video as it is one of the only civilizations that has been succesful in many ways for most of their history, due to their culture and strenght of mind.
You guys are awesome! Thank you for bringing good to this world
This channel is amazing!
I love your videos. I have learned so much from them. They are great for getting a global perspective. Thank you for making and posting. Thank you, really.
Such a good video, very useful in this online-classes times
Amazing video.
Great video, thanks for helping to educate!
You've a great channel. Keep going! :)
Good video, very thought invoking. I have been to the Parthanon, it is an amazing sight to see at sunset
this guy is so Eurocentric it's ruining my enjoyment of these very informative videos
umm wow thanks :D
Great video, as usual! One thing though, as far as I know it wasn't Socrates who invented the Socratic method.. It was actually Protagoras a preSocratic philosopher
A beautiful and eloquent insight. Thank you.
I'd be curious to know if this narrator exercises his body as well as his mind.
BvousBrainSystems Alain de Botton? Probably
when are you going to do reviews and analysis of paintings?
It looks like a lot of viewers underestimate the complexity of a lot of the questions dealt with in this video. There is no perfect way to sum up the centuries of Greek influence in a ten minute video, but at the same time, it's great that there exists this introduction to the topic. Obviously they can't go into any real detail about any of the major questions, but thats not the point of the video. Also, having studied the history of Ancient Greece a bit, I have to agree with most of the statements made, including the nationality (and more importantly culture) of Alexander the Great (I would say he's as Greek as Putin is European/ 60% but not quite). And although a lot of you may think the reference to modern Greece is offensive, there's no denying that the past influence of Greece is immeasurably greater than its present influence. The point is that this is a summary of Ancient Greek Thought and it appears to be the product of a fair amount of work. Well done School of Life, I think most of the criticisms below are unmerited.
Great video, thank you!
Even if modern Greeks or modern architecture doesn’t look like ancient ,democracy, philosophy in our lives are- for the most part- still deeply rooted in our culture . Yes we don’t go naked when working out in the gym but the ideas and the feelings of that era survive until
today . Do we still have situations that won’t go near those ideas ? Yes .
Did that happen in Ancient Greece and Athens ? Yes . In fact too many things often were out the lines of those concepts .
Just wanted to add that ❤️
At 3:26, Xenophon is misspelled as Xenephon
After watching this video, I grew very sad. It reminds me of my first words "What for?". Try growing up with those two words. Now it is, "Why do I interact with people, when it creates suffering for both them and myself?"
That was beautiful.
Why do you not mention Nietzsche's own case vis a vis the Greeks from the Birth of Tragedy?
Wonderful video. Thank you! It would be great if you could provide a link to the text version of this in your "Book of Life".
Well of course much of the world wonders were Greek, Greeks invented the term!
Although I'm not saying that they didn't deserve them.
***** k
+Nippleon BonarFart
So my country can be free?
+Nippleon BonarFart It take very much money, because kazhakstan is big.
+Johnson Taylor ask your self where would you be or who would you be if they didn't do it? food for thought.....
+Johnson Taylor could you give some examples?
I really liked this the time line helped me a lot is there a philosophy of Socrates by himself
Gooooooooood videos man
Excellent points regarding tragedy.
Glorious.
Making assumptions, over a 10 minute video, about Greece, is wrong and dangerous. I could post, at the end, a photo of a Greek soldier of ww2 fighting the nazzis and tell a different story about modern Greece. This is disgusting!
They are not making any assumptions.. And the video is clearly about ideologies in Ancient Greece which came to end around the period of christianization in the 6th Century AD. That era is completely different from what we know today, or from what people knew in the 2.WW
History of History next!
"A healthy mind can only exist in a healthy body" *immediately thinks of Stephen Hawking*
Nikki McDonagh intelligence, sanity and mental stability are completely different things. Ancient Greeks argued that the latter could only be achieved through excercising both mind and body, otherwise there would be no balance.
Stephen Hawking was one among billions of people. Greeks talk about the average person.
This motivated me to go to the gym so much
i am an egyptian. egyptians and greeks used to be really awesome in the past but look at us now .its really shamful.
For some reason when I think about how to handle a crisis instead of blindly being exposed to it what my mind ends up trying to make me panic
Can we get a history of ideas on Ancient Egypt?
this helps my class learn.
Our society today is so lacking in comparison, its really sad..
a video analysis of the eleusinian cult mystery would be very cool.
i love your videos can you plz make something like this on ancient India also plz i will love to see that.......and as always awesome video loved it......
can you please do a video about philosophical razors
loved it.
Physical strength of the individual in ancient Greece was directly related to military strength that is why the concept of beauty was highly valued in their society.
The fact that the gymnasia was a center of education as well is why in Germany, a secondary school is still called "Das Gymnasium". So yeah, Greece is everywhere.
Dear friend,
First of all, thank you for the time and concern for refreshing old knowledge. I enjoy the composition of videos and the information in them.
I want to ask you something. Why was it so important geometry for philosophers? I need to understand this urgently due to I'm seeing geometry everywhere.
Thanks in advance!
Very good
Fantastic
I didn't know what history to expect.
Democracy is not peaceful. It’s so vulnerable and easy to break that you always have to fight for it. Democracy accepts every opinion and idea even things that go against it . It’s high maintenance and difficult to keep healthy .
I really enjoyed how De Botton starts his video talking about the role of tragedy in mitigating our prejudicial and superficial impulses- "Dynamics that simply do not reflect the individual concerned" - 1:32 - but such sweet hypocrisy and failure of personal reflection were shown by Botton at the end. He superficially and with prejudice declares the modern Greek vacuous of any of the Ancient Greek teachings. How quintessentially charlatan but, unfortunately, I guess it is to be expected. The video itself is a tragedy. The hero, the timeless "Ελληνας"". To the Greeks out there who cringed at the end please do not let the ignorance of the narrator lure us into thinking that in the cities, islands, towns, beautiful nature of Greece and the surrounding areas are not vibrant with the ethos, conversations, and heroism that existed in Ancient Greece. It does not take much effort to see that our modern history and current actions are rich with the virtues that the world still glorifies. Think of our Byzantine history, our role in liberating people from the Ottoman empire, our role in WW1, our heroism against the Nazis and Fascists in WW2, our pivotal actions during the Cold War, our role as the most reliable country in Europe for refugees - where activists defend, welcome and protect refugees, our bravery to oppose austerity and the role we have (and will) play in transforming Europe. Yes, there is corruption and dark sides of our history but these pale in comparison to the atrocities of most countries currently in power. Our country has been dealt some pretty demoralizing blows but something about Greece just produces heroes and will continue to do so. Alain De Botton, I respect your work but please never make such racist mistakes again.
That was a great insight of tragedy! It's amazing how the themes reflect contemporary issues even after all this time, it's a work of art.
Thank you
I was so happy to see some colours in some temples at this video. People believe that everything in ancient greece was white but the true is that most of the statues and other buildings had colours on them. (sorry for my english)
I don't think it's fair to pass the spartans as brutes and move on; I've always been under the impression that in their ascetism the spartans had built a strict but fruitful community, where people leaned on each other and both success and misfortune was shared. Equality between men and women and the poor and the rich certainly surpassed that of Athens, which brought a greater feel of community and discouraged the destructing force of individuality which our western civilization is built on.
+Ihme Jakki They also produced almost no art or science, and could only sustain their lifestyle on the backs of a huge number of slaves, far more than any other Greek state.
Moreover, their ultimate failure was that lack of individuality, which you so disdain; people are both individuals and part of a community simultaneously. Some lean toward individuality, others toward collective identity. Attempting to suppress this reality is like attempting to hold back the tide. Sparta gave little room for individually inclined people to flourish; Alexander the Great could never have hailed from Sparta.
+Ihme Jakki The Spartans could never invade anyone because they had so many slaves they where always terrified if they left home for too long, they'd come back to ruins.
Name a half dozen Athenians, name a half dozen Spartans. You can only do one of those things and there's a good reason for this.
Also the Spartans continuously where defeated in wars, not in battles, they where great warriors. But their society was literally so shit, it could support winning anything anyway!
G96Saber Darryl corfield StevieGreek Alithinos
Sounds good to me. If all people would live like this, would we be such a big threat to the world around us anymore?
Ihme Jakki ... Yes. The world would lack dynamism, and, more importantly, the higher conceptions of life. There would be little to no great works of any kind: no art, no science, no literature.
Life is a narrative; narratives require problems which are born from inequality, iniquity and conflict.
that is misinformation, Spartans famously slept with each other from boyhood, where have you got your facts from? Sexual repression is extremely uncommon in societies pre the Dark Ages. Just because you where spit up from female consorts doesn't mean you weren't meant to see/ have sex with her. Otherwise they would have 'gone extinct'. Also it is in direct contradiction to the 'Darwinist' hypothesis.
Great!
7:34 what is that painted in th temple ... i know it's some sortf of "golden ratio" but can anyone explain me how and what it's used for ? it's origins
I like the voice of the narrator.
Excellent... Sad such virtues have been forgotten or even worse, ridiculed in "modern," times.