6 Chemical Reactions That Changed History
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- Äas pĆidĂĄn 24. 07. 2024
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Chemicals React!
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1:04 Maillard Reaction
1:48 Bronze
2:33 Fermentation
3:42 Saponification
4:30 Silicon
5:19 The Haber-Bosch process
(I need this for a project) ;)
Thank you so much!!!!!!!!
*bows* Thank you, m'lord.
Thx
I think your auto correct made a mistake for you. Video says "Habor-Bosch" not "Harbor-" good luck with your project.
Jonathan Tanner Itâs Haber not Habor. I am German and since itâs a German name... I know
Glass. Glass is the most important. It's the foundation of chemistry. It can hold nearly every chemical, it's extremely durable, and it's transparent, so you're able to fully observe chemicals and chemical reactions inside of it from top to bottom. It's a necessity. Without glass we'd be sitting in straw and stone huts. The mixing of melted quartz crystal with lead was the single most important chemical reaction in history.
Yeah. Glass is important for chemistry generally but not important for human history. But chemistry itself is.
@@sinanck7228 Yes-but if the creation/existence of glass so important to chemistry and chemistry do important to human history, IMO, that makes glass important to human history. Glass is easy to clean/sterilize (with acid washes and high temp muffs furnace to burn off all organic matter) for performing experiments.
@@ccburro1 yeah, thats what i meant by chemistry itself is. So he could understand what you just said. đ
Yup. Realized this in the science anime: Dr. Stone, despite working in chemistry lab for couple of years.
Fun fact: early China never developed glass. Even after being introduced to it from outside sources, they didn't start using it seriously until WAY later.
They developed ceramics instead (another invaluable tool for chemistry), and it's actually really interesting to see the way their scientific progress developed just based on the influence of one material vs another.
"If your ancestors didnt figure out the chemistry of bronze, they were probably conquered by someone who did." Ouch
Even if it took until the 15th through 20th century.
I cannot pick a favorite! So many have brought us to where we are! Ignoring electro-chemical chemical reactions, I've got about 10 here that I like most:
-The hydration of portland cement gave us our modern infrastructure and architecture. Similar compounds gave the Romans the ability to construct architectural wonders as the Pantheon; and underwater cements needed to construct harbors.
-The distillation of wood and coal gave us charcoal and coke respectively; pure sources of carbon that allowed the smithing and smelting of iron. Reacting that same coke with lime gave us calcium carbonate, when mixed with water gives us the acetylene needed in safety-lamps to safely mine further coal; allowing the rapidly depleting forests of Europe to regrow; once we managed to bottle oxygen at high pressures, acetylene gave us oxy-acetylene welding; giving us stronger structural bonding than the rivets of before.
-The Bessemer process of injecting high-pressure air or oxygen into a mixture of pig-iron and scrap steel allowed us to produce high quality homogenized steel of whatever level carbon desired at a massively reduced cost of iron & steel before it; this is what allowed railroads, steel bridges, and skyscrapers.
-The dissolution of cellulose into nitric acid gave us nitrocellulose; a replacement for ivory, smokeless gunpowder to make the battlefield visible, and the start of the world of man-made polymers, unless you prefer the condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde to form Bakelite for that last one.
-Goodyear's reaction between natural rubber latex, sulfur and carbon gave us vulcanization, and vulcanized rubber, allowing us to use rubber tires to travel quickly and effectively over roads instead of rails.
-The catalytic reaction of combustion exhaust via the catalytic converter allowed us to use internal combustion with massively reduced harm to the environment.
-The reaction of glycerine with sulfuric and nitric acid gave us nitroglycerine, which, in addition to treating heart conditions, was combined with diatomaceous earth by Alfred Nobel to form dynamite, our first stable high explosive, which allowed us to wage new forms of war on each other, but on a more positive note, allowed us to mine the earth, blast tunnels through mountains far faster than we ever could before with previous black-powder methods.
verdatum Dang you took a lot of the good ones. I've got a few more he didn't mention:
- Mauve dye
- Chlorinated/ fluoridated water
- Silver emulsion on Daguerrotypes
I prefer this list to the video itself, honestly!
verdatum x
And everyone ignores the discovery that that blue-green fuzz on the old bread crust left in the corner of the workshop is actually a powerful antibiotic (penicillin)
What the!!!????
We had to harness a lot more than 6 chemical reactions to make the world what it is today, but that's all the time I had for this video. What chemical innovations do YOU think made the difference? Let me know!
+It's Okay To Be Smart really like ur channel. u deserve more subs!
CHEESE
+It's Okay To Be Smart Damn... throwing major shade at the end there ;)
I think the best chemical reaction is the one giving me Dopamine in my brain :)
Great vid! Informing entertaining and funny at the same time. like all your vids. :D
What do you pay a police officer for doing the night shift? Copper nitrates.
Nice the pun train keeps on rolling lol
Aaron Smith
If you don't get it, it's a cop-per night-rate
That is bad but I may steal it and use it today in class.
@@sciblastofficial9833 an old name for police was copper from their badges so its actually copper night rates
Though yours is good too tho
I've never heard this, it's actually fantastic
"Don't sue me" haha. Well played. Well played.
Penicillin is a big one.
Agreed. Antibiotics are another huge reason for the population explosion in the 20th century.
Yeah but Penicillin wasn't really a chemical reaction. More just a dude being a disgusting slob.
...true, but not really a chemical reaction.
It's a fungus
Kaima Moonfury
Penicillin was a biological discovery, not a chemistry discovery.
it would have been cool to see the actual chemical notation and get more details on the reactions - this way, it was more of a history-video (still interesting)
Very intelligently and interestingly put together, an excellent way to understand chemical reactions! Well done!! Will appreciate if a similar video could be made for the p block elements of groups 15to 17.
Please make these a series, it was really interesting and there are a lot of different chemicals you can talk about
"Olive oil stains out of your favorite toga." LMAO
"Don't sue me bros" I saw what you did there :)
dont capital letters
I just had a chemistry exam earlier today and 4:16 clarified that one of my answers was right
What a concise and entertaining video. This should be in every science classroom.
I love how you put out the home alone part at the start when the thief got burn on heâs head
6:21 Why was there a missing head?
it was representing a portion of a person, as he said it over quadrupled
@Elianna Sarn kinky
I'd think the Galvanic cell is an important reaction. It's the backbone of batteries, one of the many ways we power our electrical devices.
The "Don't sue me bro's" killed me at the end.
The saponification! makes me recall my 12th class chemistry. Adding ester and naoh to make heavy salts ie soaps!
Personally, I feel like the existence of Penicillin is a bit more important than the crispy bits on the bottom of the pan.
Crispy bits on the pan are why there was extra time to study instead of looking for food. Not going to discover anything without time to study
"Don't sue me bros" i see what you did there XD
Bronze was also easier to cast/ work as a side effect, because of the reduced smelting temperature of the alloy compared to pure copper
Very helpful for me ,studying different parts of science đđœGood job keep it up đđœ
This is how i need to be taught chemistry lol. Simply, and only the most interesting stuff to start.
"You like Civilization?" _shows the cover of Civ6_ Wow, talk about future-proofing a video!
Great video to start your chemistry class off right! From here I would explore a little alchemy in making that famous gold penny demo or lab.
What a great video. Keep it up guys, this is very high quality stuff.
This is my favorite video ever! im really interested in history and science so this is perfect! keep up the good work!
+Le Wild Commenter Of CZcams If you've never seen the documentary Connections, track it down, and watch it as soon as you possibly can.
I had to make an account just to subscribe to your channel. Love to see a video about DNA profiling like how discriminatory it is and also about the DNA profiles of Identical Twins!
your video editing skills are lit, your videos are the coolest!
wow, your channle is awesome, i love your videos and the way you share knowledge.
totally subscribed
Makes video about important Chemical reactions "Chemistry is where all the fun happens in between."
Includes lots of things in the list that aren't so much chemical reactions, but are better described as physics or biology
2 Girls 1 Cup reaction changed humanity the most.
nah, it didn't budge me a bit
thanks for the knowledge !
Just the first few seconds immediately caught my attention and made me decide to hit like....chemistry is everywhere from stars in space to the cells of our body...no way to pick any favourite...everything in chemistry is worthy of being favourite
Was that sword he had Finns from adventure time?
yes it was
Yeah, but it's from Season 1.
yes, yes it was.
"...the old saying, 'Sticks and stones can break my bones, (shhhing) but metal can do it better.'!"
That was his first and most iconic. He had many swords.
"Heavy Metal Stage"
The making of glass and ceramics were very big as well. What would you keep the wine and grains in (or cook in) for that matter.
Great Video on Chemical Reactions--well worth watching by everyone. Just an interesting note which I am sure the creator of the video knows: Haber-Bosch reaction requires tremendous pressures (200 to 400 atmospheres) and temperatures (
I like the memes, don't see the problem with them.
It's have a lot of problems,,, it degrade our health badly đđđ„đ„
Sonu Gupta are you sure itâs not just your poor English?
Init
photosynthesis since it created and maintains most of our atmosphere
I don't think people understand how vital this is
+Achilleas Georgiou Sure, but that's not a reaction that humans harnessed. Yet.
It's Okay To Be Smart Trump will harness photosynthesis with his wall
When they say changed history they mean human history and photosynthesis has always been around as far as humans are concerned so it didn't really change anything for us
It's Okay To Be Smart true, and it hasn't really changed anything as Aaron stated. Great episode ,as always, by the way.
Amazing.Awsome.No words.
I like this guy, can you put a video on what caused Chenobyl
Isn't doping a pure metal with other metals not a chemical change but a physical change? Making an alloy is a mixture of metals that share physical properties based on the amount of one substance compared to the others.
+35Times Metallurgy is a form of solid-state chemistry, though it all comes down to how broadly you want to define chemistry. If you want to limit it to reactions, then no, it's not.
+Higgins2001 Much appreciated for the clarification! :)
Saw this video and came to comments section to say the same thing.
35Times I wouldn't have taken that as a chemical reaction either. It changes the chemical properties of the metals but the process is purely physical. I would have picked making pure metal out of ores instead of it. Especially because iron was far more impactful than bronze in the longterm.
Jisoo Kim thats right. But i think the reason he chose bronze is because it was the first 'combination' of two metals. Therefore opening up what other metals could be created that way. For the people back then it was probably all the same 'magic'
2:25 dat Skyrim iron sword.
Great episode. Would love to see: 6 drinks that changed the world, 6 materials that changed the world, 6 medicines that .... There's an entire channel here.
LOL. Look at the little cell spinning around the host on the background @ 5:25.
Don Hyon go home cell, yer drunk
Concrete from cement. Romans did it and we still use it today.
I saw that iron sword from Skyrim. :
+Walrus Lord yeah, hahaha
+Walrus Lord That's not a Skyrim sword. It looks kinda close, but it isn't from Skyrim.
+JuTuber Same texture, same shape, same graphics coincidence? Yeahhhhhhh
Some may call this junk me I call them treasure Not the same shape or texture. Google the sword, man.
What about Dark Souls? The bronze one looked like one of the Greatswords.
I use the Haber Bosch process for a class assignment. I might try the others as well.
Such an awesome scientific information!
tetrahydrocannabinol
âBattlefield or the breakfast tableâ
*whats the difference?*
Surprise frrrrr
Brilliant video.
i like the selection you made.
U missed the first reaction that produces commercialized plastic
I think pizza changed our lives forever, we now have a reason to live
if it doesn't kill you first.
fermentation, yeast from the crust, lacto fermented tomato sauce as well as fermented milk aka cheese then fermented meat aka pepperoni
i agree
Thanks!!
Very informative!
1:09 Looks like Theodore Roosevelt
I want him to be my science teacher.
Aviral Aryal he will still teach you the same things as your normal teacher. Thats what they have tp do.
I know right? My science teacher sucks
he can keep me after class, woo woo
3:04 Their eyes LMAO đ
Boy I love this channel.
I'm almost surprised that photographic chemistry wasn't included, for the first time in history it allowed people to accurately see things they may have never otherwise had the opportunity to see. This lead to advancements in the fields of education and study of other cultures and for the first time ever provided some sense of cohesiveness between all peoples.
2:30 Somebody gave up all their life to be... in the Book of Heavy Metal.
The voltaic battery was quite important as well
I like how all your gestures have a purpose.
Technically speaking, alloying isn't a chemical reaction :/. Other than that, it was a fantastic video. Cool memes btw!
By which technical criterion does it fail to be a chemical reaction? Not enough smoke and sparks coming out of a round bottom flask?
What about Pasteurisation? Does that not technically count as being a chemical reaction? It gave the method for humans to sterilise liquids and foods from germs, which I'd say is pretty important.
Pasteurisation is not a chemical reaction. Technically, pasteuresation is killing germs with temperature. This killing happens due to coagulation of proteins, which cannot serve the basic functions to the living cells, if we want to look into it. That's all.
Pasteurization is actually quite recent. Not because the fact that boiling kills germs was unknown but because it was very difficult to create a sterile enough storage method to maintain it.
Heatinduced chemical transformation... yes
That's why love chemistry!
0:50 my guy just pulled a burger out of no where
what about the reduction-oxidation reaction that introduced electricity to humanity ??
nah, that was ben franklin
I thought Aluminium was the most common metal on earth?
Not even mentioned at 2:03
+Green Raver (Musik) Yes, aluminium is the most common element on earth, but as an oxide. Not in its metal form. Aluminium oxide requires a complicated 'high tech' process for purifying into metal.
Even then, aluminium isn't very suitable for making tools or weapons. It's relatively brittle and not very strong. Aluminium tools will bend, dull and break easily.
+RarelyEvil lolz aluminum is the most common element on earth
+Aaron Smith Oops. :/
Quote from Wiki:"Iron is the most abundant metal on earth." making it to 30%. Aluminum is the most abundant on the surface of Earth, making it to 8%. Indeed, clay is primarily composed of alumina silicate and is found in most soils.
These definitely changed history much more than any of my reactions ever have. Nothin' I do even makes it on to the news.
Did they have to go back in time to change history. I would have thought that a discovery, any discovery, could only change things from that moment on. But these reactions, you say, changed things that had already happened. Amazing!
I would add two more chemical reactions to the list. The first would be gunpowder. It is considered to be one of the 'Four Great Inventions' of China. It changed (for better or worse) the way humans committed warfare. The other chemical reaction would be the Bayer and Hall-HĂ©roult processes for refining aluminum. Aluminum is the most abundant metallic element in the earth's crust (and the third most abundant of all the elements after oxygen and silicon). Without aluminum, we would still be using iron (which is too heavy) and copper (which is too soft) to build our tools and other durable goods.
Many more hand and power tools are made with steel than with aluminum. And copper is also more useful than aluminum (electrical wires). Aluminum is good for light weight and heat resistant applications like aviation industries. There are more aluminum engines being produced but the vast majority are still iron/steel
I still liked your comment though bc of gunpowder point
I was getting worried you'd miss the Habor Bosch reaction. That reaction is hands down the most important chemical reaction man kind has ever done.
Without it roughly 6 billion people would starve to death.
Same bro
Of course. And today weâre in a predicament. The world cannot build ammonia plants fast enough to keep up with the rate of population growth. The other challenge is natural gas feedstock. Air will be available always, but not NG.
2:32 lol i was playing civilization 6 while watching that
itÂŽll be awesome to watch a video including or talking about the Krebs / citric acid cycle
Tin + copper... You know what i'm talk about rs players ;)
+Karadra Peterson
Smith lvl?
TheGreatR3dBeard 99
Karadra Peterson sncu
It's okay to be smart, you need to see the channel Bozeman Science. Not only do you look like him you also talk like him, and do the same area of science as him. Illuminardi confirmed
+Gaming Forb Would it weird you out even more if I told you that Paul and I are friends?
+It's Okay To Be Smart That's cool!
Why was i eating a hot pocket when i watched this đ
1:45
Tea is so much better
*goes back to sip my Oolong tea*
01:53 "Metal does it better."
đ„đ„đ€đđ€đ„đ„
With all due respect to the time and energy invested in this video, BRONZE and SILICON are obtained through PHYSICAL processes, like melting and crystallization. Cheers !
Civ 6 available for preorder like 4 days ago and you already got the cover here (true fan xD)
Could you do petroleum cracking? I still don't understand how to get plastics from crude oil. Thanks.
czochralski process...reaction...nope!
physical process
Agreed if it's pure silicon all your doing is rearranging its structure your not reacting it with anything it's like saying turning a bowl of water into ice is a chemical reaction that's chemistry 101
+Cr42yguy Alloying (bronze) is also not a Chemical Reaction
+Aaron Smith It is commonly referred to as "physical chemistry". It refers to the arrangement of the silicon atoms in their crystal lattice.
+David Murphy Phase transitions in elements are physical processes. Would you call the allotropic transition of alpha iron to gamma iron a chemical reaction?!
+Richard Zsigmondy Would you call arguing semantics with someone you've never met online a good use of your time?
There is no chemical reaction when you combine Copper and Tin.
Yeah its a mixture like he said.. what is your point?
@@Joel-zu3lw the video is about chemical reaction that changed the world and I think he/she meant that copper and tin isn't a reaction, so actually it shouldn't be mentioned in this video
@@alishahovawart7312 they mentioned what is needed to be, if we go into actually reaction of making a bronze alloy it would be pretty complex... atleast not as easy as it sounds
Ik
@@Joel-zu3lw the title is "chemical reactions" so copper and tin shouldn't be in this video.
Naughty joe. I seen what you did with the trygliceride depictions at 4:12. Thought you have to keep it pg đ
this is really cool
At that last reaction, it significantly decreased quality of most food, which is about 30% as nutricious as the food in the old days.
Certain minerals are missing, required for nutrition (vitamines and especially minerals).
The soil has been depleted and you have to think logically. How does soil deplete?
I hate to be that guy, but isn't the mixing of two metals into an alloy not a chemical reaction...?
My chemistry's pretty rusty, but I believe an alloy is essentially either a mixture or a solid solution. This would imply a physical transformation rather than a chemical one, as no new compounds are created... right?
Love this dude. He's so funny!!
Now you HAVE to do "Six equations that changed history"!
Is it okay to be stupid? Or just smart
+snazzlebaz125 From what I remember of high school, it's more acceptable to be stupid than smart. No worries... ;)
+snazzlebaz125 There was this study with RQ (a test to say how stupid you are) and IQ relationships and it said that the smarter you are, the stupider you are, so yeah, it's okay to be stupid.
It is if you want to run for president of the United States zing..
Its okay to be stupid (if you want to)!You just dont want to take it easy and look at things in easier way . Its life . Its simple . Action=reaction . Things get mixed up as oil when heated and eggs .
Like the channel but the jokes are really bad..
chrisinator13 this channel in a nutshell
You are SUCH a geek. I love it.
u should do some video on the big science experiment / project going around the world like LHC,LIGO ,Icecube experiment ..