GENERAL CHEMISTRY explained in 19 Minutes
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- čas přidán 15. 06. 2024
- ALL OF PHYSICS in 14 Minutes: • ALL OF PHYSICS explain...
Everything is made of atoms. Chemistry is the study of how they interact, and is known to be confusing, difficult, complicated...let's learn General Chemistry in under 20 Minutes.
This is not ALL of Chemistry, as fields like "Organic Chemistry" deserve videos of their own. But, this is the foundation, or "General Chemistry", which contains most concepts you need to know to understand other topics and fields of Chemistry.
This is a summary and revision of around 4 years of Chemistry you learn in school, with maybe some university level concepts sprinkled in the mix.
This video is a good summary for preparing for exams and finals. Maybe. Perhaps.
Now go learn all of Chemistry. And share this with your friends who suck at Chemistry
Timestamps:
00:00 Intro
00:16 Valence Electrons
00:34 Periodic Table
01:24 Isotopes
01:34 Ions
01:47 How to read the Periodic Table
02:09 Molecules & Compounds
02:27 Molecular Formula & Isomers
02:53 Lewis-Dot-Structures
03:03 Why atoms bond
03:26 Covalent Bonds
03:37 Electronegativity
03:54 Ionic Bonds & Salts
04:25 Metallic Bonds
04:59 Polarity
05:37 Intermolecular Forces
05:51 Hydrogen Bonds
06:00 Van der Waals Forces
06:20 Solubility
06:46 Surfactants
07:00 Forces ranked by Strength
07:07 States of Matter
07:28 Temperature & Entropy
07:49 Melting Points
08:01 Plasma & Emission Spectrum
08:35 Mixtures
09:24 Types of Chemical Reactions
09:45 Stoichiometry & Balancing Equations
10:16 The Mole
10:46 Physical vs Chemical Change
11:05 Activation Energy & Catalysts
11:24 Reaction Energy & Enthalpy
11:42 Gibbs Free Energy
12:50 Chemical Equilibriums
13:15 Acid-Base Chemistry
13:41 Acidity, Basicity, pH & pOH
14:43 Neutralisation Reactions
14:56 Redox Reactions
15:18 Oxidation Numbers
16:01 Quantum Chemistry
Music by Audionautix.com
CORRECTION 1: at, 10:36 it should say: 1 mol = 6.022 * 10^23 (not 10^-23)!
CORRECTION 2: 04:20 Generally, salts are formed when acids and bases neutralize. Metals and Nonmetals forming a salt is one possible option, not the general rule.
Thanks to the attentive commenters for pointing it out!
For people asking about Organic Chemistry…I decided not to include it in this video, as the topic is way too big and deserves a video of its own.
…soon, perhaps
We as your community will support you what ever you do. We hope that you will become the largest CZcams channel ❤
biology next:D
@@Ban--KaiBIOLOGY!!!❤(+paleontology please)
looking forward to it
Could you do a video about DNa or batteries
2 types of teaching:
1. 17th centuries style
2. This guy
i'd prefer number 2 please, thank you
Both are good
The first is better for formal comprehension, the second is better for review and introductions.
@@Mustafa_Shahzad 1st one is ass & inefficient
@@leonaise7546 not at all true, its more formal and better for complete comprehension rather than quick informal review. both complement eachother
This dude just explained 2 years of chemistry classes in 19 minutes, FOR FREE
No, you need to give him like & subscribe
Bro I’m learning this in class now I can skip science now
Bro tought me more in 20 mins than my chem teacher has tought me in a semester and a half
2 years??? I did this all of this in 6 months of HIGH SCHOOL
Great, now go take the final exam and let us know how you do!
Not me watching this video hoping to pass a chemistry exam that I didn't study for
We all on the same page here
having a chem exam tomorrow. Did you pass? need to know quick
@@Meltryllis37 no lmao i got 40%
@@Meltryllis37 a levels?
Atar?
Let's simplify and explore these Chemistry terms ⚛️🧪⚗️:
1. **Isomers/Allotropes:**
- Imagine you have a bunch of Legos, and you can rearrange them to make different shapes.
(Allotropes are DIFFERENT FORMS of the same element,
while Isomers are like molecules REARRANGED to form different structures)
For example, Diamonds 💎 and Graphite 🪨 are Allotropes (DIFFERENT FORM) of Carbon, where Diamonds are like tightly packed Legos, while Graphite is like layers of Legos stacked on top of each other in different molecular structures called Isomers (REARRANGED).
2. **Polarized/Non-Polarized Covalent:**
-Think of sharing a pizza with a friend. 🍕
-If you both agree ✅ on the same toppings, it's like NON-POLARIZED Covalent Bonding, where Electrons are shared EQUALLY⚡️⚛️🟰.
-However, if you both want different toppings and have to compromise ❌, it's like POLARIZED Covalent Bonding, where Electrons are shared UNEQUALLY ⚡️⚛️🤪.
3. **Electronegativity:**
- Picture a tug-of-war game, where players compete to pull a rope towards them. 🪢
Electronegativity is like how STRONGLY an atom PULLS electrons towards itself in a chemical bond 💪⚡️⚛️.
Elements with high electronegativity are like strong players in the game, pulling the electrons closer to them.
4. **Redox Reaction:**
- Imagine playing with a toy car and a battery. When you connect the car to the battery 🏎️🔋, the car moves forward 🏎️💨, but the battery loses energy 🪫.
-This exchange of energy 🔀 is called the Redox Reaction, where one substance loses Electrons ➖⚡️⚛️ (Oxidation) and another gains Electrons ➕⚡️⚛️ (Reduction).
5. **Oxidant and Reductant:**
- Picture a game of tug-of-war between two teams. 👬🪢👭
The team that pulls the rope towards them is like the OXIDANT, gaining electrons ➕⚡️⚛️,
while the team that let’s go of the rope is like the REDUCTANT, losing electrons ➖⚡️⚛️.
-Together, they balance each other out in a Redox Reaction ⚖️.
6. **IMFs and Van Der Waals Force:**
- Imagine trying to stack books on a wobbly table. 📚🫨
The force that keeps the books together 💪 despite the wobbling 🫨 is like Intermolecular Forces (IMFs) or Van der Waals forces.
They're Weak Attractions between molecules that help hold them together, like magnets pulling them closer 🧲.
7. **Surfactants:**
- Picture washing dishes with soap. The soap molecules surround grease and dirt., allowing water to wash them away. 🧼🫧
Surfactants are like the soap molecules, with one end attracted to Water 💦 and the other end attracted to Grease 🛢️, helping to remove dirt and oil from surfaces.
8. **Colloid:**
- Think of stirring milk in a glass. Even after STIRRING, the milk doesn't fully mix with the water. 🥛❌💧This suspension of tiny particles in a liquid is like a Colloid, where small particles are dispersed but NOT fully dissolved, giving the mixture unique properties.
9. **Stoichiometry:**
- Imagine following a recipe 📋 to bake cookies, where you need a specific ratio of ingredients to make the perfect batch 🍪.
Stoichiometry is like following a recipe in chemistry 🧪, where you calculate the quantities of reactants and products in a chemical reaction to ensure everything balances out ⚖️.
10. **Enthalpy:**
- Picture adding sugar to coffee and feeling the warmth spread throughout the drink 🥵☕️.
-Enthalpy is like the TOTAL HEAT CONTENT of a system, including both internal energy and pressure-volume work 📏🔥.
It measures the energy exchanged during a chemical or physical process, like adding sugar to coffee and feeling the change in temperature 🌡️.
11. **Exergonic and Endergonic:**
-Imagine a roller coaster ride, where some parts go downhill (Exergonic) and RELEASE energy. 🎢⬇️🏔️ 🔥💥
While other parts go uphill (Endergonic) and REQUIRE energy input. 🎢⬆️🏔️ 🔋
-Exergonic reactions are like the DOWNHILL parts ⬇️🏔️, where energy is released Spontaneously 🔥💥.
-while Endergonic reactions are like the UPHILL parts ⬆️🏔️, requiring an external energy source to proceed 🔋.
-It helps determine whether a reaction is Spontaneous or Non-Spontaneous under specific conditions, like whether a Roller Coaster can make it up a Mountain 🎢🏔️ without any additional energy.
12. **Conjugate and Amphoteric Base:**
- Imagine playing with a seesaw, where one side goes up ⬆️ when the other side goes down ⬇️.
-A Conjugate base is like the side that goes up when the acid loses a proton ❌💡
while an Amphoteric base is like the seesaw itself, capable of both accepting and donating protons ✅💡depending on the conditions.
13. **Delocalized:**
- Think of a group of friends holding hands in a circle, moving around freely. 👫
Delocalized Electrons are like these friends, SPREAD OUT over a large area instead of being confined to one place 🕺 💃 👯♀️
They're free to move and participate in chemical reactions.
14. **Orbitals, Electron Configuration, Aufbau Principle:**
- Imagine building a tower with blocks, starting from the bottom and stacking them upwards. 🧱🏢
-Electron configuration is like arranging electrons ⚡️⚛️ in specific energy levels (Orbitals) around an atom, following the Aufbau principle.
-Orbitals are like the spaces where Electrons are likely to be found around an Atom ⚡️⚛️🧐
while the Aufbau principle is like building the tower 🏗️, filling Orbitals with Electrons from the lowest energy level 🪫 to the highest 🔋
15. **Partial Charge and Dipoles:**
-Think of a game where two friends play tug-of-war with a rope. If one friend is stronger 💪, they pull the rope 🪢 towards them ➡️⬅️, creating a Partial Charge.
-A Dipole is like this unequal sharing of the rope, where one end becomes slightly positive ➕ and the other slightly negative ➖.
-It’s important because it helps molecules interact ⚛️🤝⚛️ with each other, influencing their behavior in chemical reactions and interactions 🧪⚗️.
16. **Plasma:**
-Imagine a group of excited dancers at a party 🥳💃🕺, moving energetically and freely. Plasma is like this highly energetic state of matter, where Atoms ⚛️ have been STRIPPED of their Electrons ⚡️⚛️, creating a mixture of positively charged ions and free electrons.
-It’s important because it’s the most abundant state of matter in the universe 🌌 and has applications in technologies like plasma TVs and fusion reactors.
17. **Solvent and Solute:**
-Picture making lemonade by mixing lemon juice 🍋🥤 (Solute) with water 💦 (Solvent).
The water 💦 dissolves the lemon juice 🍋🥤, creating a solution. Solvent is like the “big boss” that does the dissolving 😎, while Solute is like the “guest” that gets dissolved 👔.
-To differentiate, remember that Solvent is usually present in larger quantities and DOES the dissolving, while Solute is the substance BEING dissolved.
18. **Conjugate and Amphoteric Base:**
- Imagine playing with a seesaw, where one side goes up ⬆️ when the other side goes down ⬇️.
-A Conjugate base is like the side that goes up when the acid loses a proton ❌💡
while an Amphoteric base is like the seesaw itself, capable of both accepting and donating protons ✅💡depending on the conditions.
(MORE IN THE COMMENTS 👀)
19. **Acid-Base:**
-Think of a seesaw with two friends balancing each other. Acid is like the friend who DONATES a proton (H+) 😊, while Base is like the friend who ACCEPTS a proton 🤑.
-The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is, with Low pH values indicating Acidity ☺️ and High pH values indicating Basicity 🤑.
-Conjugate Acids and Bases are pairs of substances that DIFFER by one proton, while Amphoteric substances can act as BOTH Acids and Bases depending on the conditions.
20. **Oxidation Numbers:**
-Imagine assigning Imaginary charges to elements based on their electron⚡️⚛️ sharing in compounds.
Oxidation numbers indicate the apparent Charge ⚡️ of an Atom ⚛️ in a compound, helping determine how Electrons are transferred 🔄 in Redox reactions.
(Note: Oxidants gain Electrons ➕⚡️⚛️ (Reduction) and become reduced, while Reductants lose Electrons ➖⚡️⚛️ (Oxidation) and become oxidized.)
21. **Chiral and Achiral:**
-Imagine holding your hands up in front of a mirror 🙏. Your reflection shows your hands as Mirror images 🪞 of each other, but they can’t be Superimposed ❌📑 (placed perfectly on top of each other).
-Chiral molecules are like your hands-they have a NON-SUPERIMPOSABLE mirror🪞image ❌📑.
-Achiral molecules, on the other hand, are like objects that look the same in the mirror 🪞 and can be SUPERIMPOSED ✅📑.
-Understanding Chirality is crucial in fields like Pharmaceuticals 💊, where Mirror Image molecules 🪞⚛️ can have vastly different effects on the body.
22. **Enantiomers and Diastereomers:**
-Enantiomers are like left-handed ⬅️ and right-handed ➡️ gloves🧤-they are Mirror Images🪞of each other but CANNOT be Superimposed ❌📑.
-Diastereomers, on the other hand, are like gloves🧤that are similar 🧐 but NOT identical 🥸.
-Both Enantiomers and Diastereomers are related to Chirality, Diastereomers are not Mirror images ❌🪞and can have different physical properties while Enantiomers are Mirror images 🪞 but are not identical despite being similar 🥸.
-Superposition refers to the ability to perfectly overlap two objects 📑, which is not possible with Enantiomers due to their NON-SUPERIMPOSABLE nature.
(Remember that Enantiomers are Mirror Images 🪞 that CANNOT BE Superimposed ❌📑, while Diastereomers are simililar 🧐 but NOT identical 🥸.)
23. **Ionic Bonding:**
-Picture two friends sharing a pizza 🍕, where one friend likes only the Cheese 🧀 and the other only the Crust 🪨.
-In Ionic bonding, Atoms transfer electrons to achieve a full outer shell🫃⚛️, forming Ions with opposite charges ➖ that attract each other 🤩.
- It’s like one friend giving away their Crust 🪨 to the other, creating a bond based on attraction 🤩. Ionic bonding differs from Covalent bonding, where Atoms share Electrons, like friends sharing the pizza toppings.
(Use the analogy of SHARING pizza toppings (Covalent Bonding) versus GIVING away pizza crusts (Ionic Bonding) to remember the difference between the two types of bonding.)
24. **Cycloalkanes and Alkanes:**
-Imagine building a chain of Lego blocks. ⛓️🧱
-Alkanes are like straight chains ⛓️ of carbon atoms, where each Carbon atom 🪨⚛️ is bonded to four Hydrogen 4️⃣💦 ⚛️ atoms.
-Cycloalkanes, on the other hand, are like loops or rings 🔁➰ of Carbon atoms 🪨, with each carbon bonded to two Hydrogen atoms 2️⃣💦⚛️.
-Both Cycloalkanes and Alkanes are types of Hydrocarbons, meaning they consist only of Carbon 🪨 and Hydrogen 💦 atoms ⚛️.
(Think of Alkanes as straight chains ⛓️ and Cycloalkanes as loops or rings 🔁➰.)
-They are important as they serve as the building blocks for various organic compounds and are used in industries ranging from fuels ⛽️ and lubricants to pharmaceuticals 💊 and plastics.
25. **Skeletal Formula System:**
-Picture drawing a simple diagram of a house using basic shapes. 🏠🔶 The skeletal formula system is like this simplified representation of a Molecule, where each Carbon Atom 🪨⚛️ is represented by a corner (vertex) and each bond between carbon atoms 🪨⚛️🪨 is represented by a line segment 📏(edge).
-Hydrogen atoms are usually OMITTED 💦❌, and ONLY the Carbon skeleton is shown 🪨☠️. This system helps simplify complex chemical structures, making it easier to visualize and understand molecular shapes and bonding patterns.
-To use it, simply count the number of Carbon atoms 🪨⚛️ and draw a corresponding number of Vertices connected by Lines to represent the bonds 👫 between them.
26. **Aromatic:**
- Imagine you have a magical circle of friends who always hold hands and stick together tightly. 🤝💖 Aromatic compounds are like this special circle in chemistry. They have a UNIQUE RING STRUCTURE 💍, like a circle of friends, that's extra stable and doesn't easily break apart. 👫 The most famous Aromatic Compound is Benzene, which has a ring of six Carbon Atoms 6️⃣🪨⚛️ bonded together.
27. **Cyclopentadiene:**
- Picture a funny-looking five-membered ring ➰ made of Carbon Atoms 5️⃣🪨⚛️, like a small loop in a chain. Cyclopentadiene is a molecule that looks like this little loop ➰, but it's a bit special because it's reactive and likes to undergo interesting 😲 chemical reactions.
28. **Ferrocene:**
- Imagine a superhero with two arms 💪 made of Iron 🤖 that can grab onto other molecules and make powerful chemical bonds 👫. Ferrocene is like this superhero molecule with an Iron atom sandwiched 🥪 between two Aromatic rings 🤝💖. It's famous for its unique structure and its role in chemistry and materials science.
29. **Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography:**
- Think of detectives 🕵️♂️ solving a mystery by studying fingerprints and footprints 👣 left behind at a crime scene 🎬. Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography are like the tools detectives use in chemistry to analyze and identify Molecules. Mass Spectrometry helps determine the Mass 🏋️♂️ and Structure 🧱 of Molecules, while Chromatography separates different components of a mixture 🧪 so scientists can study them individually.
30. **Feynman Diagram:**
- Imagine telling a story using simple drawings of characters and events. Feynman diagrams are like these special drawings used in Quantum Physics ⚛️ to visualize and understand how Particles interact 🤝 and change over time⏳. They help scientists make sense of complex processes, like Particle Collisions and Decays, by representing them in a simple and intuitive way.
In summary, these Chemistry Terms encompass various fundamental concepts that are essential for understanding the behavior of matter and chemical reactions. ⚛️🧪⚗️ By relating them to familiar analogies and examples, we can better grasp their significance and applications in the real world and in scientific chemistry.
ah thank you my nerd friend, love you
❤
❤❤
Thanks so much for sharing this
Doing my PhD in chemistry... while watching this video the last 10 years of studying came to mind in time-lapse
I will pay you money!! to do my general chemistry 2 lab sheet (just math)
Just don't ask him to do your organic chem sheets.
The flashbacks are less fun.
The last ten years? This video covers like High School and first year Uni.
@@graig2558 And do you think, everything is just mentioned once? What you learn in the beginning of studying chemistry is the very foundation of everything more complex.
(An advise to everyone wanting to do research in OrgChem later: Put a lot of effort into thermodynamic and kinetic courses)
Phd thats awesome
Agh. This gave me such horrible flashbacks. I love chemistry, but the schoolish presentation of concepts without practical application gives me a knot of anxiety in my stomach even now. This is an excellent video, honestly, but I wish we taught chemistry differently. Get people in love the practical application of it, and *then* learn the otherwise intangible concepts as doing so becomes necessary to further the application.
It unfortunately comes with the territory. Being experienced in a particular subject doesn’t mean you’re particularly good at teaching or explaining it because often times (for some complex neurological reasons) an expert has some fundamental understanding of what it is he or she is doing. So in lieu of finding experts in subjects that ALSO have the ability to teach that thing it’s easier to find people who excel at understanding information to a degree that then allows them to translate their understanding to others and then have them understand the basic concepts of a particular subject and translate that to those they are teaching. This is seemingly the fundamental principal behind the separation of Academia and the rest of society. It’s why children are taught with generally outrageous examples such as “Sally has 13 watermelons and wants to give 5 to her mom and 5 to her dad. How many does Sally have left?” How many people are ever in a situation in which they’re giving away whole watermelons and if they have it’s only ever likely been 1 maybe 2 from a garden they helped their mom or dad with. This is obviously just a basic subtraction problem and is a useful tool in helping teach young children how to subtract but it’s a symptom of a problem that only grows as the information and concepts become more complex. Like that seen in physics or chemistry classes.
I suppose what I’m getting at is that “experts” don’t teach well and teachers aren’t “experts” but they understand the concepts well enough to teach them. It’s a fascinating conundrum really
@@TheSket I don't think you need an expert to teach in the way I would hope for. It's a matter of a different style of curriculum which has a higher focus on developing curiosity (and explaining application) first, teaching hard facts second and as a means of fulfilling the curiosity and application.
@@Nighthawkinlight I know and what I’m saying is that the people that find themselves in positions to write curriculum’s are typically career teachers or politicians. Because they are the people who care to do those things. The chemical engineer who’s worked at a chemical company for 30 years who would be best suited to write a curriculum to teach high school students the practical applications of chemistry aren’t usually interested in becoming teachers or pursuing the career paths that would get them into the positions that would allow them to write those curriculums. So you end up with people who have only ever worked in academia writing the curriculums even though they don’t have any practical experience to really speak to what’s actively important or practical in the given subject. Do you need to be an expert? No, but you do need an experts opinion on what is relevant because they’re the ones who know what’s relevant. Sadly they don’t ever get asked. My initial reaction is it’s something to do with how the school system has become so geared towards standardized testing and numbers on a paper. I could be convinced that its potentially ego or even corruption but I digress. Side note I want to be clear that I’m not arguing with you. More so commenting on how we’ve ended up in the state that people are having anxiety over classes they’ve since been done with and that I agree that our school system needs some tune up to say the least.
See, this is the problem...if I may?
(Without the intention of sounding condesending)
This video, and what it would mean to truly learn about science, is telling you the 3 main WHW's, what?how?why? These three words are key to ask in science, especially while you learn, yes I agree practical applications are what it is all about and for, but while learning you need the what,how,why
But you always need to poke a splint with some colour burning powder form metals in the flame of the bunsen burner 😂 and some other stuff in the air flow hole 🤣😊
dude explained chemistry in 19 min more than my teacher could in 2 years
**Fermions:**
- Imagine you have a group of particles that are a bit shy and prefer to keep their space. That's like Fermions. 😳⚛️
- Fermions are a type of elementary particle that follow a set of rules called Fermi-Dirac statistics. They're like the individualistic loners of the particle world, always maintaining their own unique identity and space.
- Fermions include both matter particles, such as Quarks and Electrons, and Antimatter particles, such as Positrons and Antineutrinos.
They're the building blocks of Matter and Antimatter and make up everything we see in the Universe.
**Types of Fermions:**
1. **Quarks:** Picture tiny, colorful building blocks, each with its own unique flavor. That's like quarks.
- Quarks are fundamental particles that come in 6 types, or "flavors": up, down, charm, strange, top, and bottom.
- Quarks are bound together by the strong nuclear force ☢️ to form Protons and Neutrons, which are the building blocks of atomic nuclei.
2. **Leptons:** Imagine a family of particles, each with its own distinct personality and role. That's like leptons.
- Leptons include particles like Electrons, Muons, and Taus, as well as their associated Neutrinos.
- Leptons are not affected by the strong nuclear force ❌☢️ and exist independently as individual particles. They play a crucial role in various processes, such as beta decay and neutrino interactions.
(**Fermionic Properties:**
- Fermions obey the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two fermions can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously ⚛️❌⚛️.
-This property gives rise to the unique structure of matter, with atoms and molecules having distinct energy levels and configurations.
- Fermions have half-integer values of spin, which determines their intrinsic angular momentum. 📐 This property distinguishes Fermions from Bosons, which have integer values of spin.)
(**Importance and Real-World Applications:**
- Fermions are the building blocks of matter and antimatter and are essential for understanding the structure and behavior of the universe at the smallest scales.
- They govern the properties of atoms, molecules, and materials, shaping the physical and chemical properties of everything around us.
- Fermions have practical applications in various fields, including particle physics, condensed matter physics, and technology.
- Understanding Fermions helps scientists develop new materials, technologies, and applications, such as semiconductor devices, superconductors, and quantum computing.)
In summary, Fermions are fundamental particles that make up Matter and Antimatter.
They include Quarks and Leptons, which are the building blocks of Atoms and Particles.
Understanding Fermions is crucial for unraveling the mysteries of the universe and developing new technologies that shape our world.
I appreciate the effort you put in this but ain't reading it all 😅
Thank youu❤. I'm saving this for later to remember 😅😊
if it's not AI generated I'm impressed
I'm a chemical technician by profession and you explained everything perfectly and in a way that's easy to understand, good job!
Its only even slightly digestible if you already know this stuff
@@ViktorLoR_Mainuno?
The remembering part is zero however😂😂……
Jesus loves you ❤️ Please turn to him and repent and receive Salvation before it's too late. The end times described in the Bible are already happening in the world. Jesus was born into the world free of sin, then he died on the cross for our sins and God raised him from the dead on the third day. Jesus is waiting for you with open arms. He wants to be with you but time is running out. Repent now and turn to him while there is still time. His heart longs for you.
@@L17_8 I'm catholic
Perfect timing! I have exams of chemistry coming up
same bro
Tmr Chem exam for all 12th graders in India 😢
Sorry but entropy is NOT disorder. It is in everything else but NOT CHEMISTRY. Entropy is like a level of how many possible “States” a group of compounds can be in inside a container.
no not tmrw, its on thursday for me@@akilan.k.s7050
Well, not for me, my chem exam is last week
1. **Charm and Strange Quarks:**
• Imagine you have two special friends: one always seems to have a charming personality, 🤩while the other is a bit strange but interesting. 😜 That’s like Charm and Strange quarks.
• Charm and Strange quarks are types of elementary particles that are part of the building blocks of protons and neutrons. They’re like the unique characters in the story of particle physics.
[These Quarks are important because they contribute to the diversity and stability of matter, influencing how particles interact and form larger structures.]
2. **Gluon:**
• Picture a group of friends holding hands tightly, not wanting to let go. That’s like Gluons.
• Gluons are particles that “glue” quarks together inside protons, neutrons, and other particles. They’re like the strong bonds that hold everything together. 🤝⚛️
[Gluons are important because they mediate the strong force, one of the four fundamental forces of nature. Understanding gluons helps us grasp the dynamics of nuclear interactions and the stability of matter.]
3. **Hadron:**
• Think of a big family gathering with lots of relatives, all coming together to celebrate. That’s like a Hadron. 👨👩👧👦⚛️
• Hadrons are composite particles made up of quarks, such as protons and neutrons. They’re like the extended family of the particle world, formed by combining smaller building blocks.
[Hadrons are important because they constitute the majority of visible matter in the universe. They’re crucial for understanding the structure of atomic nuclei and the behavior of matter under extreme conditions.]
4. **Lepton:**
• Imagine a group of graceful dancers, each moving elegantly and independently. That’s like Leptons. 👯♀️⚛️
• Leptons are a family of elementary particles that includes the electron, muon, and tau, among others. They’re like the solo performers in the particle dance, each with its own unique characteristics.
[Leptons are important because they don’t experience the strong nuclear force, making them useful for studying fundamental interactions and particle decays.]
5. **Muon and Tau:**
• Think of Muons and Taus as the “heavier” 🏋️♂️⚛️ cousins of the electron, each with its own distinctive personality. Muons are like the cool, laid-back cousin 😎, while Taus are the more mysterious and enigmatic ones 🥸.
• Muons and Taus are types of Leptons, similar to electrons but with different masses. They’re like the siblings of the electron family, adding diversity to the particle lineup.
[Muons and Taus are important because they provide valuable insights into particle physics and high-energy phenomena, such as cosmic ray showers and neutrino interactions.]
In summary, Charm, Strange, Gluon, Hadron, Lepton, Muon, and Tau are all important particles in the realm of particle physics and chemistry. 🧪⚛️ Each contributes to our understanding of the fundamental forces and building blocks of the universe, playing essential roles in the structure and behavior of matter at the subatomic level.
(MORE IN THE COMMENTS 👀)
1. **Neutrinos:**
- Imagine you have tiny, ghost-like particles that can zip through walls without even noticing. That's like neutrinos. 👻⚛️
- Neutrinos are tiny, nearly massless particles with no electric charge, ❌⚡️making them incredibly elusive. They're like the stealthy ninjas of the particle world, able to move through matter with ease. 🥷
- Neutrinos come in 3: Electron neutrinos, Muon neutrinos, and Tau neutrinos. They're produced in various high-energy processes, such as nuclear reactions and particle decays. ☢️⚛️
❗️-Neutrinos and Neutrons may sound similar, but they're different particles with distinct properties. -Neutrons are neutral particles found in atomic nuclei.
-While Neutrinos are elementary particles that rarely interact with matter.
- Despite their similar names, neutrons are part of atoms, while neutrinos are fundamental particles with no electric charge.❗️
2. **Passing Through Objects:**
- It's true that neutrinos can pass through solid objects, including planets, with little to no interaction. This property arises from the fact that neutrinos have weak interactions with matter, making them incredibly difficult to detect. 🫥
- Neutrinos can travel through vast distances in space without being significantly absorbed or scattered, allowing scientists to study astrophysical phenomena, such as supernovae and cosmic rays, using neutrino detectors.
3. **Importance and Real-World Applications :**
- The ability of Neutrinos to pass through matter makes them valuable tools for studying processes occurring deep within stars, galaxies, and even the Earth. They provide unique insights into the inner workings of the universe and help scientists understand phenomena that would otherwise be invisible. 🫥 🌌
- Neutrinos have practical applications in various fields, including geophysics, nuclear reactor monitoring, and medical imaging. Their ability to penetrate matter makes them useful for imaging the interior of objects and detecting hidden structures.
4. **Neutrino Speed:**
- Imagine you have three friends racing each other, each with their own unique speed. Neutrinos are like these friends, but they don't always move at the same speed.
- While Neutrinos are incredibly fast, traveling close to the speed of light, 🏃♂️💨 their exact speed can vary depending on factors like energy and direction.
5. **Electron Neutrinos:**
- Think of electron neutrinos as the "electron-loving" neutrinos. They're like the friends who enjoy hanging out with electrons. ⚡️⚛️
- Electron neutrinos are specifically associated with electron interactions, such as those occurring in beta decay processes.
[They're important in astrophysics for understanding solar processes and in particle physics experiments for studying weak interactions.]
6. **Muon Neutrinos:**
- Now, imagine you have friends who are into extreme sports and adventure. Muon neutrinos are like these thrill-seekers, always ready for exciting experiences. 😎
- Muon neutrinos are associated with Muon interactions, which occur in high-energy cosmic ray showers and particle accelerators.
[They play a crucial role in experiments studying atmospheric neutrinos and neutrino oscillations.]
7. **Tau Neutrinos:**
- Finally, picture friends who are mysterious and enigmatic, often delving into the unknown. Tau neutrinos are like these intriguing individuals, shrouded in mystery. 🥸
- Tau neutrinos are specifically connected to Tau interactions, which occur in rare particle decays and high-energy collisions.
[They're essential for experiments investigating neutrino oscillations and rare neutrino interactions.]
(**Remembering Tips:**
- Think of Electron Neutrinos as friends hanging out with electrons ⚡️⚛️, Muon Neutrinos as thrill-seekers into extreme adventures 😎, and Tau Neutrinos as mysterious individuals delving into the unknown 🥸.
- Relate each Neutrino type to real-world examples, such as Solar processes for Electron Neutrinos.🔆, Cosmic rays for Muon Neutrinos 🌌🔉, and Rare Particle decays for Tau Neutrinos. 🤑⚛️)
In summary, Neutrinos are elusive particles that can pass through matter with little interaction. While their ability to traverse solid objects may seem mysterious, it enables scientists to study the universe's most energetic and inaccessible phenomena. 👻🫥⚛️☢️
Electron, Muon, and Tau Neutrinos are like different types of friends, each with their own specific interests and interactions. Understanding their differences helps scientists unravel the mysteries of the universe and advance our knowledge of particle physics and astrophysics.
**Bosons:**
- Imagine you have a group of friendly particles that love to stick together and share the same space. That's like Bosons. ❤️⚛️
- Bosons are a type of elementary particle that follow a particular set of rules called Bose-Einstein statistics. They're like the social butterflies 🦋 of the particle world, always interacting and exchanging energy with ease. 🔀
- Bosons play a crucial role in the fundamental forces of nature, including the Electromagnetic force ⚡️🧲, weak nuclear force, and strong nuclear force ☢️⚛️. They're responsible for mediating interactions between particles and transmitting forces across space.
**Types of Bosons:**
1. **Photon:** Picture a beam of light shining through a window, illuminating everything in its path. That's like a photon.
- Photons are particles of light and carriers of the Electromagnetic force. They're responsible for transmitting Electromagnetic Radiation, such as Light, Radio Waves, and X-Rays. 💡🔉🩻
- Photons have no mass and travel at the speed of light, making them essential for understanding the behavior of light and Electromagnetic fields. 💡
2. **W and Z Bosons:** Imagine two friends holding hands tightly, exchanging energy and transforming into different forms. 🔀 That's like W and Z Bosons.
- W and Z Bosons are responsible for mediating the weak nuclear force, which governs processes like beta decay and neutrino interactions. ☢️
- Unlike Photons, W and Z Bosons have mass and are involved in processes that change the type of particles involved, such as transforming one type of quark into another.
3. **Gluon:** Think of a group of friends holding hands tightly, not wanting to let go. That's like gluons. 👫⚛️
- Gluons are particles that "glue" quarks together inside protons, neutrons, and other particles. They're like the strong bonds that hold everything together.
- Gluons are responsible for mediating the strong nuclear force, one of the four fundamental forces of nature. They play a crucial role in the structure of Atomic Nuclei and the behavior of matter at the Subatomic level.
(**Importance:**
- Bosons are essential for understanding the fundamental forces of nature and the behavior of particles at the smallest scales.
- They mediate interactions between particles, transmit forces across space, and play a crucial role in processes like particle decays, nuclear reactions, and the formation of matter.)
(**Real-World Applications:**
- Bosons have practical applications in various fields, including particle physics, quantum mechanics, and technology.
- Understanding bosons helps scientists develop new technologies, such as lasers, quantum computing, and medical imaging devices.)
In summary, Bosons are fundamental particles that mediate interactions between particles and transmit forces across space.
They play a crucial role in the fundamental forces of nature and have practical applications in technology and scientific research.
**Fermions:**
- Imagine you have a group of particles that are a bit shy and prefer to keep their space. That's like Fermions. 😳⚛️
- Fermions are a type of elementary particle that follow a set of rules called Fermi-Dirac statistics. They're like the individualistic loners of the particle world, always maintaining their own unique identity and space.
- Fermions include both matter particles, such as Quarks and Electrons, and Antimatter particles, such as Positrons and Antineutrinos.
They're the building blocks of Matter and Antimatter and make up everything we see in the Universe.
**Types of Fermions:**
1. **Quarks:** Picture tiny, colorful building blocks, each with its own unique flavor. That's like quarks.
- Quarks are fundamental particles that come in 6 types, or "flavors": up, down, charm, strange, top, and bottom.
- Quarks are bound together by the strong nuclear force ☢️ to form Protons and Neutrons, which are the building blocks of atomic nuclei.
2. **Leptons:** Imagine a family of particles, each with its own distinct personality and role. That's like leptons.
- Leptons include particles like Electrons, Muons, and Taus, as well as their associated Neutrinos.
- Leptons are not affected by the strong nuclear force ❌☢️ and exist independently as individual particles. They play a crucial role in various processes, such as beta decay and neutrino interactions.
(**Fermionic Properties:**
- Fermions obey the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two fermions can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously ⚛️❌⚛️.
-This property gives rise to the unique structure of matter, with atoms and molecules having distinct energy levels and configurations.
- Fermions have half-integer values of spin, which determines their intrinsic angular momentum. 📐 This property distinguishes Fermions from Bosons, which have integer values of spin.)
(**Importance and Real-World Applications:**
- Fermions are the building blocks of matter and antimatter and are essential for understanding the structure and behavior of the universe at the smallest scales.
- They govern the properties of atoms, molecules, and materials, shaping the physical and chemical properties of everything around us.
- Fermions have practical applications in various fields, including particle physics, condensed matter physics, and technology.
- Understanding Fermions helps scientists develop new materials, technologies, and applications, such as semiconductor devices, superconductors, and quantum computing.)
In summary, Fermions are fundamental particles that make up Matter and Antimatter.
They include Quarks and Leptons, which are the building blocks of Atoms and Particles.
Understanding Fermions is crucial for unraveling the mysteries of the universe and developing new technologies that shape our world.
People with ADHD be thanking you rn. 🗿🗿
Yes fr
he saved me
As a person with ADHD, I am thankful.
@@danieljbruso me to
I've never had the honour to learn this in school because of our classist education system, thank for bringing education to the interested underprivileged! :)
Thank you very much, I appreciate it! I am glad I could help :)
same for us.. physics chemistry maths, all worth nothing what those teachers taught in our school
sometimes i hate "sets" in subjects, i guess i do see why they're necessary but im sure teaching them is always a hassle. one thing i definitely notice is that the lower a "set" is, the more strict and impatient a teacher is. the top set math teacher is chill and she acts like our friend, while lower set teachers literally discourage their students or dont even teach (he literally just hands out work to do on your own and doesnt ever present it on the board).
i know ur comment isnt really about this (i think), im just sleep deprived and wanted to share my opinion 😭
Bro revised my highschool chemistry in 19 minutes ☠️
This man just educated me whole highschool chemistry. Nice work and thanks!
When we needed him the most, he returned 🛐
Also please do all of biology too. As a science student this trilogy will save my life
PLEASE THIS WOULD HELP ME SO MUCH LMFAO
Ya I’m in bio rn
Master of all elements.
Master of all elements.
This guy deserves more views!!!
🤝 agreed 🤝
He didn't invent anything
@@mike.1 i guess thomas edison deserves some views
*more million view
Imagine approximately 8 billion humans understood all subjects😮
I can't imagine, it will be fantastic jump🦘
In Particle Physics ⚛️, "Spin" is a fundamental property of Elementary Particles, like Electrons⚡️⚛️ and Quarks 🔴🔵🟢. Now, imagine you're playing with a spinning top. When the top spins, it has a property called "ANGULAR MOMENTUM" which makes it rotate around an axis 😵💫.
In particle physics, "Spin" is a bit like that, but it's NOT QUITE the same as physical rotational spinning ❌😵💫.
1. **Physical Rotational Spinning:** When you spin a top or a ball 🏈, it physically rotates around an axis. You can SEE IT spinning 👀😵💫, and it has a MEASURABLE RATE of rotation. It's like watching a fan blade spin around.
2. **"Spin" in Particle Physics:** Now, let's talk about "Spin" in the particle physics world 😵💫⚛️. Imagine you have a tiny ball 🏈, SO TINY you can't even see it 🫥. This "Spin" property ISN’T ABOUT the ball ❌🏈 physically rotating like a spinning top.
Instead, it's a FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTY of the particle, kind of like an invisible tag 🫥🏷️ that says how "spinny" the particle is.
Think of it like this: Imagine you're playing a game of "spin the bottle," but INSTEAD of a physical bottle spinning around ❌🍾, it's like each player has a HIDDEN TAG 🫥🏷️ that tells you how much "Spin" they have. You CAN’T see the tag ❌👀, but it tells you something important about how the game works.
So, in Particle Physics, "Spin" 😵💫⚛️ ISN’T ABOUT physical rotation like a spinning top ❌🏈. It's a fundamental property of particles ⚛️ that INFLUENCES how they INTERACT 🤝 with each other and with other forces in the universe 🌌.
(One tip is to think of Physical Spinning like something you can SEE 👀 and FEEL 🤚, like a spinning top or a fan blade.
"Spin" in Particle Physics 😵💫⚛️ is more like an invisible property, a hidden tag 🫥🏷️ that particles have that tells you how much “Spin” they have.
“Spin” 😵💫⚛️ is also a FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTY of particles that influences how they interact 🤝 with other particles ⚛️ and forces 💪 in the universe 🌌, kind of like a secret superpower!)
I would listen to multiple episodes of this guy explaining things. Please make more chemistry ones.
I love the fast pace format, it is fast enough so you can connect things while also not leaving time for the realization of things you didn't understand to kick in and get you out of the flow zone
That’s why I usually watch explanations with higher playback speed, but this was perfect
The whole point of chemistry :
“ Hey we have got this formula surely we can apply this to all things without any exceptions right?”
“ well yes but no”
But the good thing is, that when even more concepts are studied, things are getting more predictable again
Its not only chemistry, this is just how science is. Everyone single field of study in science has its own exceptions
yeah if you’re an ignorant scientist
@@anniruddhdwivedi2947 but ig no field can beat Chemistry at its huge amount of exceptions 😅
@@user-hy8nb5xo7m true to be honest, quantity wise I would say chemistry, but severity wise I would say physics. It's rather just what you want it to be, since biology is just applied chemistry and chemistry is just applied physics.
This video is just too good. normally i woulnt do and comments for any kinda video but this is just spectacular. Keep on with what you do, you show some good quality person vibes
The explanation is just wonderful man, and the humorous 'elements' are just GOLD, love it! ❤
2 hours ago I didn't know anything about chemistry. Now, with this video + ChatGPT explanation covering everything I didn't fully understand, I feel fucking powerful
let's fucking go
ChatGPT does not tell the truth, it tells what fools an onlooker into thinking is the truth. If you don't know the answer already, you can't be sure it's correct, and if you do know the answer already, you have no need for the T9 Autocorrect with marketing that is ChatGPT.
Rejoin the light.
Ah, was it mine hehe? ;) You're graciously welcome! 🧪⚛️
Dude, you summed up in 19 minutes what my teacher couldn't in 3 years. Thank you so much for this!
This was fantastic. Very effective for quick review. Entertaining and held my attention for the entire video. Would be awesome if you did all the MCAT subjects. Subscribed.
Gonna share your vids to some other engineers. I just discovered you and all the videos i saw were super good content. Congratulations
Amazing video! As a teacher I'll definitely be using your videos in class (thanks especially for not adding cuss words). I'm sure you're going to grow into a big channel if you keep producing work like this!
You explained everything faster, while keeping me entertained and keeping it basic while also explaining it in a complicated way. You literally did a better job than three of my chemistry teachers throughout 6 YEARS could.
Wow! Just incredible… I’ve seen other videos where they explain it in a short period of time but I don’t completely understand those. Understood this one very well. Thanks👌🏻👌🏻👌🏻
You have no idea how helpful this is. Been studying for the MCAT and tend to get lost in the sauce of biochem and orgo when I really need a better foundation of chem/phys, and you vids are the perfect speed and concision for me to sort everything out in my head. Excellent work.
What do they call the guy that finishes last in med school?
Doctor
Keep up the good work, bro!
@@BretLeduc What do they call his patients?
Dead.
Wonderful explaination!! This is by far one of the most excellent videos briefing high school physical chemistry I've watched.
So great! You explained everything I learned in the past 5 years in 19 minuets!
Love this type of content actually keeps me interested in the video so i can learn the material definitely recommend
even a top tier video wont be able to convince me that chemistry is something i can handle
SAME LMAO
As long as you believe that, it will be true.
I am sixty.i have learn from youtube.so you can .
Self-fulfilling prophecy.
One of the best videos I had seen in a while.... Deeply researched and man what beautiful concepts you must be having to make such a concise and clear video in such a short time span
As a chemistry lover and a high school student, I'm impressed of how it did flow so smooth between the subjects. Love it
bro???? where were you back in 2022 WHEN I NEEDED YOU.i still do tho and thank God for been having found this. literally took a periodic properties class the week before and you just explained everything bar hybridization in 19mins instead of fcking 9 hours. bless you
1st man to learn everything
He didn't even go into oc and there are a lot of topics missing ( if ur In india you study all of that and some extra things and organic chemistry together in class 11th)
@@RED_carps why so salty man, he is just appreciating the content creator
@@handledeeeez I don't know
@@RED_carpsthat’s why it’s called general chemistry
Pardon me for using such language, Though i would really like to say: Ahem ... B**n ke l*de Can't you just check up the description of the video? It literally just states that! Also the thing which he taught is what classes here in India cost us (science students) on enormous chunks. Ik what he missed though you shall atleast not depreciate the thing if you can't appreciate. Anyways have a great day. No hate.@@RED_carps
For the SPDF layer counting, there is an easier method then the chart, you can look at the periodic table and assign each area a letter. Alkaline and Alkaline earth metals(and helium) get S. Post transition metals to noble gasses get P. Transition metals get D. And the Lanthanoid/Actinoid series get the F Block.
This is great. I feel inspired to get even more chemistry knowledge. Thank you so much
THIS is AWESOME. Great video. As a hobby chemist, this stuff is great for refreshing the details in your mind. Tak! One subscribe and one thumps up well earned.
I’m a TA for general chemistry and I will absolutely be referring my students to this video- really excellent work!!
As a chemistry major, this made my day! Keep up the good work, I love your videos!
I love these vids man. its crazy you only made 6 vids till now
Really well made video dude. Keep up the amazing work
This is literally the best summary of general chemistry ever created!
Dude that is a LOT of science in one video and i love it💪🏼
This video is such well made, great work!
Doing my part in bumping this higher for *The Algorithm.* Awesome work. The 100k milestone is also coming up soon.
genuinely top tier explanation ill comment just to promote it that's awesome, ive sent this too friends as well it's perfect for highschool chem
WOW. This channel is AMAZING. I have degrees in math and I think a math video would be FASCINATING!
This is so great, i enjoyed this video so much, i think i even might get over my social issues and share it with my chemistry classmates
I majored in biology and graduated around 10 years ago. I had to take a lot of science and chemistry classes in high school and university and your video just gave me a flashback of all of the chemistry concepts I learned in my teens and early 20s. Amazing video! I hope you can make one about biology one day! :)
As someone who is studying chemistry I have to say this a really easy to understand and well put together video, really great work!
Amazing work! You explain complex chemistry concepts so clearly in just 19 minutes! 👍
complex ? im in 10th grade and all the concepts here except 2 or 3 we leared in 9th grade and 10th grade
@@optharun2139or atleast you think you did, you don’t have chemistry as a main subject until 11th and when you do you’ll realise why and how it’s complex
This video is so well done (both informative and entertaining) that I did enjoy watching it while having dinner. Thank you so much. This was a great refresh for concepts that I have to keep in mind all the time for my major.
Thank you so much for making this. This makes understanding our syllabus so much easier. Your teaching style is funny and also easily understandable! I need to save this video for my future studies. Thanks again!
Just 34k subscribers??? You deserve at least a million for this quality and very good explanation 👏 ❤
Agree
This is explained in million of books
@@mike.1 Okay, so this is a condensed million of books filtered from repeats and fillers in form of a 19 minutes video summary. That's quite impressive.
*Thanks For The Quick Revision*
I do electochemistry as a hobby and this really helped my general understanding of what is actually going on in the processes I use. Thanks
This is so useful bro, I study biology and kinda need chemistry for my future major I want to apply to. You explained chemistry more and better than my teacher.
your timeline must look insane! so many transitions..
i like it
transitions are seamless. its in a "you see this? lets see why it happens" format, which is literally how our brains work (unlike how schools teach)
Uranium is a good alternative to cereal.........
20 billion calories per gram of Uranium...the bulk would go crazy
@@wacky.scienceWE BULKING WIT THIS ONE🗣️🗣️🗣️🗣️🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
@@wacky.science😂😂😂😂
Omfg
I must say this is a very good video to fresh up you chemistry knowledge. On top of that, this video explained me how oxidation numbers work in seconds, something I couldnt achieve by myself in multiple hours.
me too i finally understand
This man deserves a prize and money.
out of all the videos on CZcams, this is the only one that makes sense to me.
Thank you so much, Dude. You managed to make it fun and easy to people who do not understand chemistry 😊
Your explanations are so comprehensible I understood nearly the whole nearly 20 minutes video these videos have taught me more than my whole education combined and this would be great if you concluded it with biology 🧬
Bro you are awesome, just explained all in just 19 min😮
1:43
here's how i remembered it back in school
CATions are PAWsitive
This is tremendously helpful. Thanks for your efforts!
I freakin love Ur videos, please keep on making them , you're great. I would find a video like this on mathematics interesting, would U consider making one?
So why school 🏫🎒 teachers keep making us believe Chimestry is hard when in fact the hole topic could easily fit on a 20 mins video full of jokes... 😌 Man school really needs a deep re-thinking 🥱😪
FRR
Bruh, you have just cleared some of my doubts that I had for so long. Your videos are awesome.
love the content and delivery, very informative. yet i keep falling asleep half way through. this is my fourth watch through and i realizing my chemistry teacher might have been on to something
This was so nice! It's been years since I have taken gen chem but, it was good to stretch the muscles again. Do orgo then biochem next!
This guy just told the whole 11th grade
That's a good revision. Thanks for this video. I am very much satisfied❤
this was really helpful! thanks for creating it
This was for sure the greatest video I've seen so far this year
this is amazing
my exams start tmrw
And tomorrow is my physics exam 😶
Very good job. How did you do on your chemistry test?
Great timing! My entrance exams are just in a month and half.
Can you do organic chemistry next?
i seriously cant thank you enough man, thank you so much for this amazing video, like i just revised all my concepts of past 1.5 year, thank u so much
can you make the same thing but with statistic ?
bro just explained my whole 9th grade and 10th grade chemistry take my sub
9th and 10th ? U studied this in 9th and 10th ?
Very great, informative and cut to the chase one, you just explained my years of highschool chemistry, a big thank you for this
Please make one on organic chemistry soon thank you❤
My dude, this is very entertaining learning happening here. I can see you becoming as popular as 3Blue1Brown. Keep it up man!
I am realy shocked that thing i learned in 3 years can be summed up in 19 minutes 😂
Can you do organic chemistry?
You are amazing bro.... May God Bless You... Am lucky and blessed to see your video today.... You are a pure bliss for people who where even at zero level in chemistry ... Your channel will keep growing bigger and bigger... Thankyou soo much and All the best brother❤
This was an enticing review, many things that I should probably remember as background knowledge, thank you
This is the best ~19 minutes of chemistry I ever had. I learned how to make a volcano, a slime, and a rainbow in a jar.
Slight correction:
At 15:23, the oxidation numbers are covered
Steps 1 and 2 are technically incorrect.
1. H AS AN ION bonded to another atom does (most of the the time) have an ox. number of +1. Such an example would be HF, where the ox. number of H is +1 and F is -1
2. O AS AN ION bonded to another atom has an ox. number of -2. An example is NO3-, where each oxygen atom would have an ox. number of -2 and N would have an ox. number of +5.
The reason why H2 and O2 do not act in this way is that they are in their natural state. When not manipulated, a pure solution of H will exist as a gas H2. The same is true about O. Any atom in its NATURAL STATE has an oxidation number of 0.
Been wanting a crash course on chemistry thanks for the video!
It was recommended to me to learn some chemistry for my upcoming degree and this helped a lot! Thank you
I like the content.
Its highly informative understandable and it only explain the key points of the subject.
This is can be called as a great example of Pareto principle in my opinion
Because it contains the most understandable condensed %20 information that explains most while it keeps the most complicated %80 part out of it.
Thanks for the great content keep up.
This comment will make you Rich but you'll have to be a millionaire
I soon have my graduation exams and this is sooooo helpful and contains about everything I need to know! Thank you so much!
wonderful vid, u explained so many things i couldn't understand earlier, thanks