How We'll Beat Breast Cancer
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- čas přidán 30. 05. 2024
- Breast cancer is a shockingly common disease - as many as 13% of females may get it at some point in their lives. And there's a lot of confusing info out there about it, from hormones to BRCA genes to risks and treatments. So we're here to break it down and give you everything you need to know about it, from symptoms and risk factors to treatments and current research.
Hosted by: Niba @NotesbyNiba (she/her)
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0:00 Introduction
0:26 What Is Breast Cancer?
1:34 Breast Cancer Detection
3:02 Breast Cancer Risk Factors
3:52 How Breast Cancers Grow
5:23 BRCA Genes And Cancer
7:21 Breast Cancer Treatments
9:12 Conclusion
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Sources:
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I have stage 4 breast cancer in 7 different sites. I've been living and being treated for cancer for 31 years as it has never gone into remission. Fortunately, it is slow growing so a new treatment has come out almost every time my current treatment has started feeding the cancer. There was one period when no new treatment was available. There are some amazing treatments out there, today, that I wish had been around when I was first diagnosed. They are effective and have far fewer significant side effects.
31 years is an amazingly long time to live with a cancer, thank goodness for modern medicine! Keep on keeping on 💜
🫂🫂
I hate that you have it, yet genuinely thrilled that you've had so much good luck otherwise! I know someone who's doing immunotherapy for her breast cancer, which she'll have to do for the rest of her life...except apparently after awhile, it stops being effective. I hope she has the same good fortune as you.
But also, just...*hugs with permission*
you're lucky - my sister's cancer is so aggressive that even just 2 weeks with no treatment and there is major growth. She had it metastatic from breast through lymph nodes, in her lungs, liver, bones, nasal pharyngeal space, base of skull and so on.
I’ve never heard of this. You’ve lived with this for 80% of the time I’ve been alive. Wild. Congratulations, and god bless science.
I have BRCA1, and almost every woman in my family died of breast cancer before 50 (often between 30 and 40).
Our particular variant is extremely aggressive and deadly, and usually pops up in mid to late 30s. Because of this I will likely have to get a double mastectomy before I am 30. That is okay tho, because the loss is worth the potential to save my life.
Thank you so much for discussing BRCA SciShow! It's wonderful how much attention you are putting on these very dangerous mutations.
I'm in a similar situation, similar family history too. Hang in there!
I would not have children, if I was you. I chose not to....
I'm in the same boat but with BRCA2 mutation. Getting preemptive double mastectomy soon. Both my sister and mom had breast cancer so my likelihood is much higher than the average person. Not looking forward to surgery but seeing my family go through chemo was horrendous. Grateful for science and gene testing!!
@@jeanwonnacott2718what!!!! Please leave the genetics counselling to someone trained in it. No genetics counsellor would say such a thing.
This lady obviously is a brave and smart woman. For considering amputation of her breasts so she can strike first in her battle. Hardcore warrior there.
Why should she not be encouraged to have children? Clearly they have a great chance of being brave and smart like their mum
Best luck! Both on your surgery and the cancer-dodging
As a researcher in this area, a major factor contributing to the high breast cancer mortality rate in the Black community, and in low-income countries according to GLOBOCAN data, is the lower frequency of screening compared to other populations. Early detection through regular screenings is crucial for improving prognoses, often leading to more successful treatment outcomes. Increased outreach and educational programs specifically focused on these communities are essential to address these disparities and empower women to take control of their health.
Absolutely! We have so much work to do until healthcare stops being a privilege
Not to mention, triple negative breast cancers make up a higher percentage of breast cancer cases in African-American patients relative to the proportion in other designated racial groups, which absolutely complicates things.
@@MrGksarathyoh wow did not know this! Thanks for this insight
Thank you for keeping the torch lit in research. We need more poc in research as well. Sometimes I wish I hadn't moved into local government healthcare when I did and stuck with biomedical research but the pay was too low to survive and being a black woman, the odds of progression was stacked against me. My heart flutters when I see others succeed or keep working in this area despite the odds
Damn @@EarlGreyLattex
I literally have an appointment with an oncologist in 4 days because Boob Feels Weird. I don't know yet if I have cancer, but I'm really glad that there are so many options for treatment now!
And for all the fans of privatized healthcare telling horror stories about the low quality of socialized medicine and long waits. I will have an appointment with an oncologist and a full battery of tests, including an ultrasound a mammogram, MRI or biopsy (whichever is necessary) within 10 days of first noticing there's anything wrong. It will be fully covered by my taxes, with zero out of pocket expenses. And if I need to go on sick leave for half a year, I will keep my job and I will still get paid every month.
Fingers crossed for you, friend. I hope it turns out to be nothing! And as an American, I'm super glad you won't have to worry about how you're going to pay for any of it! ❤️
@@veryberry39 +
You have an appointment with an oncologist before any scans or biopsies have even been done?
@@CrankyPantss I did have an ultrasound, results were basically "suspicious but inconclusive". The next step is an appointment in the oncology clinic to decide what tests are needed for full diagnosis.
@@dziooooo I hope everything goes well for you. .
Ok I'll get the lump in my left armpit checked 😭
I hope you do get it checked out pal ❤
Good luck! Hope it's nothing but better safe than sorry.
Please do! ❤
Do it!
Yep. Go do it.❤
Very important about the self-examination that they acknowledged but didn't go over in detail: self-examination is something you do *alongside* the recommended tests for your age.
Self-examination alone is not enough, yet some people get a false sense of security when they perform one and everything seems normal, and so they abstain from check ups.
Not all cancers are easy to find during exploration, and if you're not a trained health professional it is even harder to know when you've found something abnormal.
So please, do not skip on a check up just because you did a self-examination and didn't find anything abnormal.
Also, some people have the type of breast tissue that naturally feels "lumpy" during self-examination and it's VERY difficult to tell if anything is out of place. Go get checked by a doctor whenever you can?
@@dzioooooCame here to say this, I'm over 30 and never developed a method for self examination due to that "always lumpy" feel. Regular screening is beyond valuable!
I'm one of those "lucky" males to have had a mammogram. The technician told me that I handled it better than most men do, and I really wish that I had asked her what she meant by that
My mom went in for a breast reduction (J cup to B cup). While removing tissue, they found a suspicious mass, so they removed it and sent it off for analysis. It ended up being breast cancer. She never told me what kind or how advanced it was, but that it was not inheritable. They determined that she had to go in for a second surgery to remove all of the remaining breast tissue (double mastectomy) that she originally thought she was gonna get to keep. I don't think she had any chemotherapy, except maybe some very mild treatment for a few weeks after the surgery to make sure they got it all. It's so crazy to me that even with all the qualifying exams and the mammogram required to get the surgery, they saw no signs until they were physically inside of her breast.
Edit: Forgot to mention, she was 42 at the time. This was only a couple years ago, it all went down during covid.
my mom recently got diagnosed, and everyone told me that it was one of the most treatable and survivable cancers, it's still extremely scary and each time we get news about the treatment and cost it's a bit concerning, but i hope she can make it through.
Cost as in money?
It depends on how aggressive it is. My sister was told the same, was even told she was in remission when the cancer was found again not only in her breasts where they said it was removed from, but also through her bones. Her cancer is hormonal and there is no cure. She will never see remission again and will most likely be dead by years end because she is in liver failure due to the tumors and the tons of chemo she has had over the years.
Treatable and survivable but it’s not fun to go through it, good luck to her, help her manage the symptoms
I had thyroid cancer 15 years ago. I heard a lot of "its the most treatable survivable cancers." I started feeling guilty for being scared at all. My doctor said "Any cancer is scary, you need to take care of your mental and emotional health." So that is what I am saying to you. Take care. It's still cancer and she is still your mom.
Breast cancer runs in both sides of my family so I had to have a mammogram at 27. Thankfully everything looked good but I’ll never forget thinking “wow this is a hydraulic press for my breasts” but hey it keeps us safe so a necessary evil
Great news that everything looked alright. How often do you have to get a mammogram from now on? Is it a yearly check?
@@Millixxxxxx thankfully not, it was more of a precautionary thing because I had some changes. My gyno didn’t think it was a big concern but she reasoned it would be good to be safe and I’d have a good baseline image for the future. Thankfully with my family history I actually got insurance to cover it. But if everything stays good I shouldn’t need any more until I’m around 35.
hydraulic press 😂😂😂😂 bro thats hilarious
Dont forget that mammograms dont change the stats for breast cancer preventative, do constant self checks
Another thing to look for is if you have denser breasts. They hide cancerous tissue.
My dad just got diagnosed with breast cancer this year. Just remember, 10% of all breast cancer cases are in those assigned male at birth.
EDIT: Multiple people have corrected me to say it's 1%. While I have seen a few numbers listed in studies, 1% is the most commonly cited number, but one study I found did indicate that cases have risen about 3% in men since 2014 so as our detection gets better, please ensure that regardless of your sex you are checking for lumps. Early detection saves lives. It's the reason my dad has had swift surgery and started chemo and it's the reason my aunt survived breast cancer in the early 90's.
Most of them are also of the same types seen in female patients. Maybe not as much lobular carcinomas, but I need to look more into the research.
Source? When I studied It in pathology the frequency was Just 1% and usually it's because of a gene mutation like brca1 or brca2
@@francescarizzoli2621 Yeah, 10% seems a bit too high.
@@francescarizzoli2621 my dad got diagnosed in March and that was the stat that he was told. It sounds like you are referring to the percentage of men who will get breast cancer which actually lines up with the stat I said and the 13% of assigned female at birth stat.
@@MrGksarathy www. ncbi.nlm.nih .gov/pmc/articles/PMC7476060/ I do apologize that CZcams doesn't allow links so I hope this works
I’m triple positive and the targeted meds I’m getting are absolutely amazing.
Niba is really doing an amazing job hosting, I always smile when I see a video is hosted by her.
She's great, but @SciShow's practice of editing out speech breaks is really making it hard for me to follow the content. PLEASE, keep the natural speech breaks in so my brain can take breaks and process each tidbit of information 😩😩
Exactly, she's great, but I felt like scishow edited out the natural pauses in her speech in this specific episode. It sounds very odd.
@@marmar90000I was trying to make my own channel for awhile, and so I watched a bunch of videos about how to edit effectively and whatnot. It's really common practice to cut out stuff like that, and as boomery as this sounds, it really feels like a byproduct of our shortening attention spans. Back in the 90s, I used to joke that you didn't even need to see a movie after watching the trailer. Now, trailers are just a string of flashing lights and 2-second clips of someone's face.
Same thing here, really. >< (I mean not exactly the same, obviously, but same principle!)
Mammo was today for a 68 y/o. overweight woman... All clear, so thanks for the education and I'll keep trying to lose the extra weight!
Per Sloan Kettering, the weight hasn't much to do with being able to see the cancer - if you have dense breast tissue, it doesn't matter if you are thins as a rail.
Best of luck! Glad you got the all clear!
I had all of the symptoms in my left breast and went in for a scan, it turned out being fiber cystic breast disease in the left breast; but they also found stage 2 IDC cancer in my right breast which had seem entirely normal (no weird skin, weird discharge, weird nipple, or lumps)
I love Niba so much. She could explain anything to me and I'd enjoy it all the same. Thanks for the hard work keeping people educated!
Yes - She's great! But @SciShow's practice of editing out speech breaks is really making it hard for me to follow the content. PLEASE, keep the natural speech breaks in so my brain can take breaks and process each tidbit of information 😩😩
Pretty much all of the 'early signs' are NOT early at all. Please note that most lobular cell carcinomas are MISSED by mammogram, ultrasound and manual examination, and they are variously quoted as 10-15% of breast cancers.. I'd been on a mammogram screening program for 20 years (due to maternal history) when they found a tiny intraductal tumour. Luckily! Because there was extensive lobular cell carcinoma that was totally missed by imaging (including MRI with contrast).
I was diagnosed with triple positive breast cancer with lymph nodes involvement. I had two tumours removed and my lymph nodes stripped, then chemo, then radiotherapy then herceptin injections and now on tamoxifen for 10 years. I've been told by my medical team that there will be a vaccine against breast cancer in the future to protect against it.
Saint Nectarios
wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Nectarios
This comes up just in time. I'm a Pharmacy graduate, last year of college, and doing my final paper on the nanotechnology used in breast cancer treatment and diagnosis. This is so important, thank you for this video!!!
It's always nice to see the human dimension of the problem I work on every day in a breast cancer research lab. Overall, we study the effect of breast feeding on bc risk, but the project I am heavily involved in is trying to find new targeted therapies for triple-negative breast cancer by targeting the methyl transferase EZH2.
That sounds so exciting to be at the forefront of! Sometimes I wish I could go back to research but I haven't been in the environment in 6 years now. Maybe I could go into bioinformatics again as that was the basis for my research in my final year.
Do you mind me asking a few questions about getting back to research or just starting again in 2024?
@@EarlGreyLattex I'm not sure how helpful I could be, but sure.
I went to a new doctor for my gyn visit this year. I asked him to do a breast check because I have some dysphoria around it, and he literally told me "oh we don't really do that anymore, and we don't recommend that you do self checks either since it leads to false positives. You'll just get a mammogram when you're 40" I have a close family history of breast cancer and I still believed him 😭
Most doctors are a mess. Between many of them being pressured into choosing, and staying in, a medical career by parents/society/peers/whatever as a way to "win" the competitive (antisocial) game that we humans have been playing for so long, and nearly all doctors being pressured to work crazy hours with crazy numbers of patients, and, of course, the corporatization of the medical field (it's all about profits, not health) it's surprising that anything useful comes out of consulting with a doctor at all.
@@thewiseturtleas a relatively new chronically ill person, I agree with this with all of my being
Very well edited. I wish you all the best in the comments, reading some puts some tears in my eyes. I'm glad we are all here, sharing.
BRCA1 and 2 are all too often thought of as just relating to breast cancer. I had a paternal aunt who survived ovarian cancer and 20 years later passed away from pancreatic cancer. Meanwhile, my mother's older brother survived prostate cancer for 7 years and then died of pancreatic cancer after it spread to his liver. My mother is a survivor if breast cancer. Every time I go to the doctor, I feel like I've played Russian roulette with cancer.
Sending all the good luck your way! Both paternal and maternal involvement is really unlucky, so I'm sending a black cat for good luck 🐈⬛
Chemo was brutal, but treatment and supportive care has come a long way.
I didn't realize early scishow comment sections were such a godamn mess.😅
Thank you for spreading awareness and educating on the subject of cancers ♡
Science tends to attract Dunning Kruger sufferers on yt
I have a BRCA2 mutation and was lucky enough to know before cancer while many people aren't. I was even luckier to be able to get preventative surgeries to lower my risk.
Thanks SciShow for talking about BRCA and sharing information on new treatments available to us. We need any advantage we can get. ❤
Just an FYI for those with anxiety before their first mammogram: while it isn't fun, the newer machines are both more comfortable and more detailed than the ones in use when I had my first mammogram 20 years ago. Also, it isn't uncommon after your first screening mammogram to be asked to come in for an ultrasound if the radiologist wants to look at one area more closely. This doesn't mean there is a problem. In my case I had a lymph node that was in a slightly different location than is usual. The doctor wanted to do a thorough mapping, as the first one becomes the baseline against which all subsequent ones are compared.
Lost my Mom in 2016 to inflammatory BC. Tripple negative. Incredibly hard to diagnose early, hard to treat, and extremely aggressive. Hopefully we see a cure in our lifetime
I too have inflammatory breast cancer. I'll very likely be dead in less than a year. It's been a year since my symptoms first showed up (the skin rash, triggered by an echo-cardiogram), but I wasn't diagnosed until November of last year). No treatment has been offered that makes any scientific sense so far, so I'm just slowly losing entropy here, trying to make the best of the time I have left. I'm so sorry about your mom.
As for a cure for cancer, Michael Levin, at Tufts University, is the closest anyone's getting to that. He's figuring out how to tell cancer cells to come back into the group that normal cells are a part of, taking care of the whole body, rather than being cast out as exiles having to fend for themselves. Though, really, what we want is to understand what causes cancer in the first place, so we can just not do that. :-)
I've never left a comment on fashion. This is the first. I have to say those earrings are amazingly unique 😊 and the DNA double helix is super cool. Hopefully, this video will help people understand the mechanism of cancer and help with early prevention and help with any anxiety about the treatment options 😊
You mentioned how hormones can affect breast cancer. I wonder what HRT, specifically with testosterone, does to the chances of developing something like breast cancer. I know it can remove some risk factors and heighten others, but I don't know the statistics on cancer specifically.
Unfortunately we're understudied :') I've heard that trans people on testosterone apparently have low rates of uterine cancer (harder to divide cells wrong if you shut down the entire organ) but I don't know about breast cancer one way or the other.
I do know trans people on testosterone often have mechanically reduced chances of breast cancer, though, because of gender-affirming surgery. I was told my chances of breast cancer would be reduced by like 90%. But they don't take out axillary breast tissue during top surgery (at least my surgeon doesn't) because it's hard to get at, and some methods leave a little breast tissue in the chest for structural reasons.
It's already a legal requirement in the US (presumably also other places but I didn't get surgery there) for any mastectomy that the tissue is examined for cancer, so it's ripe for a study.
1. It causes a massive reduction in estrogen and progesterone levels for AFAB people by effectively telling the brain (through the HPG axis) that "hey, we've got enough hormones, stop producing them please!"
2. It reduces the sensitivity of breast tissue to estrogen (idk about progesterone) (this is a common problem in transfeminine people, if they don't get their testosterone low enough, the estrogen isn't effective).
Those two effects both obviously reduce the risk, but it would be interesting to see how testosterone affects cancers which aren't sensitive to estrogen or progesterone.
The work on cancers you and the rest of the SciShow team have done in the last year has meant a lot to me and I'm sure a lot of other people who have been diagnosed with cancer. Thank you!
oh please - the only reason they have been discussing it at all is because one of their own was diagnosed with a form of cancer.
You're offended because I expressed personal gratitude?
"Men get breast cancer" is not said enough. My dad got a mastectomy when he was 74.
I have stage 3 HER2 positive, oestrogen and progesterone negative, breast cancer. You said targeted therapy is used to treat it. However, while I do receive targeted therapy every 3 weeks, I still required 5 months of chemotherapy prior to a double mastectomy. Targeted therapy is only given for 6 to 12 months as it shows no increased effectiveness after this period of time, according to my oncologist. I live in Australia 😊
If the title of the video is "how we'll beat breast cancer", I expect a deep dive into current research.
Is it specifically being assigned female at birth that's the highest risk factor, or something typically associated with afab people, like having breasts, or having XX chromosomes, or having hormone levels in the female average range? Surely there's been at least a little bit of research into how cancer risk, detection, and treatment varies for people who've grown breast tissue due to feminizing HRT, or for people who've had masculinizing HRT but not top surgery, or for people with less common chromosomes or naturally occurring sex hormone levels. Breaking down the specifics would be such a helpful video topic!
She said hormones like estrogen and progesterone trigger cancer cells to multiply. Therefore, maybe even AMAB folks on hormone therapy would be more susceptible to cancer growth. But in terms of actually getting the cancer in the first place, I’m curious about that too!
It’s my understanding that there is very little study into the long term effects of what are essentially experimental hormone therapies you describe. We are only now just seeing the early indicators that for instance puberty blockers aren’t nearly as safe as so call experts had proclaimed.
Correct it is long term estrogen and progrsterone that drives breast development, and overtime degeneration into cancer. Self produced vs exogenous hormone both, have this effect.
I wonder if it's something to do with Both a body's hormones and the amount of meat involved.?
Either way, it would be pretty interesting for a peek into what other intersex and gender-variant/biohacker-type people experience health-wise. HRT has been around for decades, I know there's more than just anecdotes out there...!
Feminizing HRT does in fact significantly raise the risk of breast cancers, but I believe it's still a lower risk than when compared to cisgender women
you are very charismatic thank to you and the team behind you!!!!
0:44 Both my aunt and uncle were diagnosed with breast cancer.
Hopefully we get good news from research on this!
I don't remember seeing this presenter before, but I really like her.
Small correction, self-breast exams are NOT routinely recommended anymore by the relevant medical societies. They were never found to significantly reduce time-to-diagnosis or increase survival rates, and they did significantly increase the medical anxiety of the women performing them. The best way to catch breast cancer early is get your routine mammograms starting at age 40 (or possibly earlier if you have a family history of early breast cancer).
Source: I’m a 3rd year medical student who passed my OBGYN rotation 😅
Sadly, a lot of practioners (I'm in Manitoba, Canada) don't start those until 50. I recently found a lump and went to the doctor. She scheduled a mammogram, but have to wait 5 weeks for it. Then, who knows what happens after that. I'm 45.
You should probably have added that partial mastectomy is no longer recommended when papilloma's are found in the milk ducts because it has been proven that it does more harm than good because the surgical scarring can hide cancer.
The paternalistic idea that women need to be protected from their own anxiety, is something the medical profession needs to remove from their philosophy/rhetoric.
I found my BC myself. If I'd been doing routine self exams, I may have found it sooner. (Was under 40 at diagnosis)
The idea that "it causes anxiety" trumping saving people's lives is insane to me. This is the same reason we don't do imaging on 'survivors' to look for metastases. We wait for symptoms, because 'it's terminal anyway', and false positives cause anxiety etc - except - oligomets are potentially curable and if we found them early, we could save lives.
Many places have rejected the recommendations for breast screening because they were not made by breast, or oncology specialists. In Canada, some places still have you wait until 50!
CHECK YOUR CHEST! #feelitonthefirst and don't let anyone talk you out of a mammo if you feel something under the allowed screening age where you live. Who would rather be dead than anxious for a few days or a week?
If you get mammo's, ask for your density as well!
The problem with telling people to rely on some doctor or machine to diagnose cancer is that doctors and machines have only a limited view of the situation. What's really crucial is self awareness of your own body. Be proactive, and take responsibility for your own health, rather than expecting others to do it for you. Unless you're a kid, of course. (But even kids know their own bodies pretty well, and are reasonably good at telling adults that there's something wrong if they have healthy family/friends who support that sort of thing.)
Perhaps the number one thing that I'd suggest to a medical student is to learn how to be a scientific sleuth along with your patients, rather than some sort of "expert". Bodies are still mostly mysteries to us humans, and we need all the collaboration we can get to figure out the puzzle of how to help our bodies be as healthy as possible.
@@sashabrown1796 Yeah, I found my breast cancer myself, and didn't realize it was breast cancer, thinking it was yet another symptom of long covid, so my doctor didn't even look at my breast during my yearly check up. It was months later when there was swelling of my breast, and some nipple pain, that I made a special appointment to see the doctor. I thought it was just lymphedema, but my doctor was insistent that I get a sonogram, saying that breast lymphedema and skin rash is a major sign of inflammatory breast cancer. The cancer didn't show up on the mammogram, but was seen on the sonogram, and then subsequent skin and deep tissue biopsies. IBC is super aggressive, so if I hadn't have repeatedly told my doctor about my problems, I'd likely have been long dead before any mammogram ever saw cancer in me.
So, yeah, knowing your own body is far better than just relying on mammograms and doctors! Every different perspective adds value to understanding what's going on. Dismissing self awareness and self testing is insulting at best, and dangerous at worst.
It’s the bad day on the chemo cycle (it’s all ups and downs, argh) and yeah, this video is more or less how I understand it to work.
One thing though - triple positive is more fast growing and aggressive than triple negative, as I’ve been told - but it doesn’t respond as well to treatments. So it used to be that triple pos was bad, but now it’s the good one (mine is triple positive).
My boob looked a bit flushed and pink; it got very slightly bigger than the other, and THEN my lymph nodes came up and a lump became palpable underneath. Over the course of a few weeks - January to February this year; I got investigated in early March and diagnosed mid-March (chemo is going to go for months).
I thought it was a rudely late but kind of mild mastitis at first (my kid is 5; we did extended breastfeeding but it’s still years ago).
I’ve also heard that breast cancers in women under 40 are on the rise - especially in the last few years (possibly post covid, but not enough evidence for that link to be certain as of yet. Other suspects are things like microplastics in the environment etc.)
Sorry to hear you’re going through this, I hope this chemo agony is worth it and you come out in remission at the end. Best wishes to you.
You left out one of the most important, and dangerous breast cancers: inflammatory breast cancer (IBC). It's considered "rare" but many thousands of humans get it every year just in the USA, so it's not really that rare. I'd never heard about it before I got it, and my oncologists (in a tiny city in Maine) didn't even understand how different IBC is to normal breast cancer, leading to them recommending chemo, etc., that wasn't really appropriate for me (thankfully I did a whole lot of research on things, so I could make a good decision to fire my oncologist). Also, IBC doesn't often show up on mammograms, since it's in the skin and lymphatic system mostly, and only sometimes includes larger tumors. The primary initial diagnosis of IBC is a rash on the breast skin and swelling of the whole breast. On average, no matter what you do (mainstream drugs, etc. or not), if you get IBC, your lifespan will likely be around a couple of years.
I didn't find much new information in this episode?
I will add that cancer cells appear to be capable of escaping into a stem-cell-like state (EMT) when targeted with chemotherapy. This makes them both resistant to chemotherapy, more resistant to the immune system and of course able to coloinize different spots. By disrupting the cancers ability to to this, we hope to make cancer treatments more effective.
I'm wondering if they will start using senolytics alongside, or post, chemo and radiation to try to get rid of more cells.
Yeah, the title is definitely click-bait. This video is just very basic old information about breast cancer. As for the real cure for cancer, Michael Levin at Tufts University has found a way to reconnect cancer cells in tumors with the body, so that instead of being exiled to fend for themselves, cancer cells act like normal, healthy cells, doing good work for the body. So no violence against cancer, and instead helping the cancer feel like a welcome part of the gang again.
Thanks!
SciShow, could you make a video over tanning bed use and its link to melanoma? Still not enough awareness there, I have a lot more friends who use those than smoke, but it sounds like they may be just as dangerous.
My wife was diagnosed 2 years ago with Paget's disease of the Breast. She had to have her nipple and areola removed they also too additional tissue to biopsy. They found a more invasive cancer in the margin(the additional tissue). She did both chemo and radiation and thus far is cancer free. She is due for some new testing this week.
Very best wishes to your wife and you ❤️ Hope all goes well.
New host (at least to me) is great!!
Too late for my daughter's mother, though hopefully not too late for my daughter. Inflammatory breast cancer.
BRCA2 mutation runs in my dad's family, from both his parents. His grandfather died from prostate cancer, as did my uncle. My grandmother had breast cancer when she was younger, and then later had ovarian. My aunt also had breast cancer, but caught it early enough for it to not have spread. My dad thankfully had his genome scanned and he didn't have the mutation, but my doctor is very much aware of my family history. He was actually super worried when I told him, which makes sense though is funny compared to his reaction to my Factor V Liden gene (I'm heterozygous unlike my father who is homozygus and we only found out about when a blood clot nearly killed him when he was like 40) which has already shown itself (slightly, really I just stop bleeding slightly faster than normal, but no where near as quickly as my dad does).
Awesome! Great news! Do one for lung cancer too!
I want one for prostate cancer which my dad is just starting radiation for
The title of this video is misleading. We will not beat BC with the current treatments. They are obviously the best ones we have, but we need to do better. Especially in how the medical community conceptualizes stage 4. I put off watching this knowing it would be hard to watch, and hoping it would have new info on a new treatment - but its just the current gauntlet.
We will beat BC likely with an as yet undeveloped targeted immune therapy combined with other drugs, or expanding what we consider curable. Used to be considered incurable with regional spread, and it isnt anymore. Hopefully we can get to treatments for oligometastisis, and that will lead to more knowledge and treatment lines.
If youre under 40 and you have any concerns, DO NOT TAKE NO FOR ANSWER about imaging. I know too many young people who were told "you're too young for breast cancer, we'll check this again in (insert many months, or a year)" but they did have it, and now they are stage 4 and will die of it, when they could have been treated if they'd had imaging done in the first place.
Having your estrogen removed for 5 - 10 years is hellish. All of the treatments for breast cancer are psychologically and physically awful: Infertility, loss of sexual function, cognitive decline, pain, amputation...f*ck BC.
The 5 year survival rate does not apply to HR+ BC. You are at risk of recurrance for 20+ years. TNBC risk goes down significantly after 5 years though, so: yay? (Sarcasm because TNBC is brutal and hard to treat in that 5 year window).
I'm very salty. Too many beautiful humans have died in the past few months from our community, and its hard to hear these blunt instruments called 'the best'. I wish there was a way to beat BC, and all cancers, for good.
For now, if you think your chest is "off", get it looked at, and advocate for yourself. ❤❤❤
Yeah, the current recommended "treatments" in mainstream hospitals when it comes to cancer are profit-based, and about as primitive as early uses of bloodletting, as far as understanding biology goes. Future generations will look back on the medical industry and wince in terror, I imagine.
I have triple positive IDC. Stage 1b but that diesnt magter with breast cancer. It didnt make my treatment any kess extensive
I had 6 rounds (4 months) of chemo.
A bilateral mastectomy.
A comolete axillary dissection (at a secind surgery).
I still need 25 rounds of daily radiation and 14 more rounds (9 months) of chemo.
And tjen 5-10 years of hormone suppression meds. I'm 39.
Ive yet to meet anyone with early stage bc who needed as much treatment. It's frustrating and lonely.
What are the meds for BRCA 1/2 mutations?
Hi Niba!
My wife's father got breast cancer. I am male and have needed a mamogram in the past (it was fine!) This video is great!
It's important to remember that while your opinion might feel like breast cancer is worse than the violent "treatments" that are commonly suggested by doctors, that's not always the case, and each individual has to decide for themselves which risky experimental option to go with, as nothing we know of is highly effective and safe. If you're young, otherwise healthy, and have a more minimally dangerous cancer, then the known harms and potentially worst risks of drugs, surgery, and radiation might be worth it compared to all the other options. Otherwise, the other options might be less risky and more reasonable based on your goals. It's crucial not to use peer pressure, or "authority" pressure, to encourage anyone to choose something that doesn't fit with their own situation and needs and personal preferences.
my doctor said you can't really get mammograms too much earlier than recommended, because it works by looking for dense tissue. younger people's breast tissue is all dense so it wouldn't see anything
I remember getting a breast cancer screening in 2012, mostly because my mom had it when she was 35. My insurance couldn’t pay for it nor did I have the money to finish it up.
In 2014, they did it again. And again, my insurance didn’t pay for it so I stopped them.
Later in 2022, I went and got another one done. This time, finding out my mom’s 2 other sisters got it during the times I couldn’t get my past screening. After 10 years of not being able to get my results because of my insurance not seeing it as severe, they finally gave me my long-awaited answer.
After waiting 10 years, I finally found out, I don’t have breast cancer in me.
But knowing there’s still hope in case I ever get it with some these newer methods and treatments, I’ll be happy to know it’s less likely to not get me in the end.
This is coming 3rd hand, so keep that in consideration.
For high risk patients getting an early screening, the billing department has to code it different than a regular routine mammogram. So if your insurance doesn't cover it, reach out to the billing department and make sure it was coded correctly.
Can someone please fact check me here?
Uhhhh, mouth sores don’t even register as a side effect to patients
There are soooo many more uncomfortable side effects that are worth mentioning
Killing fast-growing cells effects many more bodily functions
On the bright side, chemo kills a lot of auto-immune disorders: allergies & arthritis were mine that practically vanished for 3 yrs after chemo.
They slowly came back, but I often think during allergy season, “I could really use a few wks of chemo right now.”
It’s so crazy 😊
Yeah, these folks are dismissing the dangers of corporate drugs pretty aggressively, which is clearly not good for anyone. Drugs are always a risk, and drugs intended to be toxic to the body are clearly a major thing to be wary of, and only experiment with when the statistics show clearly good chances of reducing the risk that the cancer itself creates. Many doctors even admit that they wouldn't use the treatments that are normally recommended to cancer patients if they got cancer and it was was beyond a certain point, because the harm that the "treatment" causes is likely worse than just letting the disease progress normally. Obviously, though, even bad treatment must be useful for some situations, to some extent, for it to continue to be used, so it's not always a bad choice, if cancer is minimal/early/slow-growing and/or if the body is otherwise very healthy.
It's arguable that Epigenetics can have a greater effect on your daily life and health than Genetics. For instance, unlike with genetics, epigenetics can be changed by your environment throughout your life, and then, those changes can be passed on to your offspring just as if they were genetic. there's research into hereditary epigenetics exacerbating obesity through insulin resistance, and addiction through receptor mutations, including the possibility that they have a snowballing effect, generationally. The field is Fascinating.
I grew up in a breast cancer hot spot. Marin County California. I am 60, with ticking time bomb for breasts.....I had a scare 2 months ago...luckily they are cysts....
Weird how they compare the instances of breast cancer from the 1990's and not from the 1970's or 1980's. Did something happen in the 1990's to get a spike in breast cancer, as before that nobody was really aware of breast cancer as it wasn't rampant like it is today. From what i've understood about cancer, is that the more your environment gets poisoned, the higher the instances of cancers you will find. Cancer is simply your bodies inability to get rid of those poisons which damages your DNA, so it becomes cancerous, and your body is so busy taking care of all of those poisons that those cells which are you're own can take hold proliferate and turn problematic. The answer to breast cancer is to get the poisons out of the persons environment, which resides in his food, drinks, air, skin products, and consumer goods which off gas chemicals.
My mom had triple negative back in 2016. She's still alive 💚
So how we'll do better regarding breast cancer.
idk mouth sores can be worse then cancer. You have Trigeminal neuralgia nerve now i would rather have cancer then have that in pain 24/7 JS
What about radiation (ex. Gamma radiation) ? 3:13
Iv been googling and it’s over my head. Why do humans have moles? Should I be worried I have so many?
much love from Indonesia ❤
Chemotherapy and mastectomy for me
TLTR
so the summary is something like:
A• cancer is not a single thing... it is large group of things called cancers
B• breast cancer is a not a single type of cancer but a sub-group (B) in the larger group (A) of things called cancers
C• not all breast cancer is limited to the breast region (even if most might)
D• not all people with breast cancer have breasts (not limited to those in (E))
E• not all people with breast cancer are female (this is not equivalent to (D) - neither is a subset of the other, they just overlap)
F• some people that are male have breast cancer (this is not equivalent to (E) - but does overlap a lot)
G• genetics can alter the statistical probability of a person developing breast cancer
H• the presence or absence of some chemicals (drugs, hormones, etc.) have an influence on the statistical probability of changing the behavior or presence of breast cancer
I• gene mutations influence the statistical probability of breast cancers
J• treatments related to breast cancer may have significant side effects
most of these should be already known to most of the audience (I hope, but people have frequently disappointed me)
One important thing they didn't mention is that many breast cancers are NOT visible via mammograms (or at least not early/easily), and sonograms are more regularly used now, and not all breast cancer can be felt by a doctor. (One of my oncologists said she didn't feel anything at all, when I had two large tumors!)
6:22 that Sysmex XN9000 ain't checking no genes!
I had my first mammogram at 13
I would like to point out its not so completely tied to agab despite what she said, people taking transfeminine GAHT have an increased risk of breast cancer, albeit not to the same extent as cisgender women.
Except, "female" isn't a gender (it's a sex ... it isn't assigned, it's observed)
But thank you for pointing out the sloppy terminology that has popped up in what should be a much more carefully constructed conversation
@@secularmonk5176 Female is literally a gender. Modern definitions of "gender" have changed the meaning, but it's still entirely rational to call gender the genetic programming of XX vs. XY vs. the other combinations.
@@secularmonk5176 My whole point was it **isn't** just a sex thing, if your body has high levels of progesterone and/or estrogen flowing through you, you will have an increased risk of breast cancer, regardless of sex
Off topic but I LOVE that vest. It is gorgeous. Thank you for the video as this is highly relevant.
0:08 Wait that was news to me! I thought there were slightly more males.
There's a new kind of 3D mammogram that doesn't squish your breast tissue as much as the old one. They take multiple x-rays from different angles, so flattening the tissue isn't as critical. Mine was about as comfortable as any other x-rays I've gotten. The 3D mammogram is newer tech than the old mammograms, so follow--ups are done with the old kind. Some recommend getting them more frequently than the old-school kind. If fear of the squish might make you delay getting a mammogram, these are a great option.
(Talk to your doctor, don't use youtube comments as medical advice, etc.)
So that House episode where he found a tiny cancerous breast behind a woman's knee is actually possible!?!?
😳!! Wait..... Breast cancer.... in the groin? Would those same symptoms then appear in the groin?
The BRCA mutation came up in the Middle East a few thousand years ago, which is why it's very common in Jewish women.
The I ❤ boobies bracelet I wore in middle school is finally paying off
Some of these early comments are not passing the vibe check.
Does your comment pass the vibe check?
Great video, but the camera change stuff is pretty distracting
If you cure cancer, what will Susan G Komen do for a living?
People that flap their hands around when talking....is there a cure for that?
This video is framed as "how we'll beat" breast cancer but it doesn't feel like that fits the content.
We think you're awesome
Why can't they do an ultrasound without squishing the breast
X-rays are much higher resolution than ultrasound, and the tissue needs to be "spread out" so the image has as few objects as possible overlapping with each other
@@secularmonk5176 thanks
They can, and do. Ultrasound is done for dense breasts, and after a suspicious area is found on mammo.
@@sashabrown1796 Or, ultrasound is done if they think that whatever might be going on isn't visible on a mammogram. My mammogram was normal, but I had two tumors and inflammatory breast cancer. The tumors were seen only in the ultrasound. The inflammatory breast cancer was only found with a biopsy of the breast (both where there was a rash, AND where there was no rash at all!).
To be clear, they don't squish the breast (much) for an ultrasound. It's the mammogram (x-ray) that they squish things for. And newer machines (the 3D ones) don't need much squishing, only awkwardly standing on your tippy toes at weird angles with your arm out. :-)
People who choose healthy ovaries removed or even those who have cystic ovaries removed need to weigh the consequences of such a drastic action. I did. I also only took hormone replacement therapy for less than a year. It wasn't an uninformed therapy. I simply couldn't afford it being 34 years old and 3 children I was raising. But being informed gave me a heads up allowed me to offset not taking replacement therapy via life style. I have had more broken bones, but I was also extremely active until the onset of covid. I took every vaccination seriously, and still do. Covid at 71 though has been tough and it just keeps on being tough. Though, hey! I sleep at least 2-4 hours more per day. I am now 74. I do not regret having a total historectomy at the age of 35. I do not regret to breastfeeding my children and donating surpluses breast milk to the NICUs with in the proper radius. I do not regret taking one-prenatal- strength vitamin before going to bed every night. The one thing that I do out of the ordinary? I didn't have sex with regularly after I was single. I just didn't think about it because (maybe) I had no ovaries, I did have three children, and was working several jobs while also continuing to further my education. I do a breast exam every week. I have had two cysts in my right breast but they were not positive for cancers. Perhaps it is because I have always been interested in human antomy and medical science or it may be I am simply lucky. Personally, I am guessing that I have discovered taking care of my body the same way I took care of my home appliance and mode of transportation and pets, and children, has worked pretty well. Of course, I would not be here to advise the same had it not worked at all.
08:09 "Especially if you are a person who wanted to use your ovaries later on." Dude! This shocks me! Ovaries aren't just for making babies! :( They're a big deal. You need them every day. There is such a big lack of knowledge, understanding, empathy and treatment for women who need to have hysterectomies or go through natural menopause. It is a life-changing difference. We should be thankful to at least have this choice instead of just dying, but let's not brush over it like it's nothing.
I got breast cancer as a 38 year old cisgender male. I never had any discharge, but missed some other warning signs: An itchy and/or inverted nipple is a bad thing.
I had a mastectomy, which sucked, chemo, which sucked, and radiation which left me smelling like a sun dried hot dog for weeks. My oncologist tried putting me on Tamoxifen, but that was an absolutely horrible experience. About 30% of men that is prescribed to cannot tolerate it.
could you elaborate on what "30% of men cannot tolerate it" refers to specifically? if it is not too uncomfortable to talk about, at least
@@fghsgh Tamoxifen is taken up by the body as estrogen, but does not trigger the estrogen receptors in tumors. This also dials back the body's natural estrogen production, which leads to an evening out of levels in women. Now it's my understanding that within a section of the brain, I don't remember exactly, estrogen is converted to testosterone, and regulated temperament and mood. Again, in women this settles out to normal, but in men this is essentially a massive overdose of estrogen, which turns into a massive overdose of testosterone, and causes wild mood swings, and in my case, absolute rage. Now I am not an expert in this by any means, I'm just stitching together my own experience and what I was told of how this all works, so if someone with genuine experience in neurological things like this wants to contribute, by all means please do.
@@jaredkennedy6576 okay so, basically, weird brain effects? (as a trans person i am intimately familiar with those, but i was guessing it would be some other, more documented side effect)
@@fghsgh They do list "mood changes" as a top side effect, which I guess my issues would have fallen under.
This is good to know. I just found out a relative has been diagnosed with this.
Also, When the Body Says No and The Body Keeps the Score afe great books discussing psychosocial effects that can possibly contribute to illnesses like this.
I envision a reality where my quirkiness and enthusiasm for science/learning is accepted. Instead I feel incredibly ashamed about my interests and appearance and have resorted to sib to get a dopamine rush here and there. Keep up the fine work SciShow
I don’t think it’s correct to say „assigned female at birth“ is a risk factor. The risk factor is having female anatomy. What the doctor decided to assign at birth doesn’t matter
Ms. Niba is an excellent presenter. Fine addition to the SciShow team!
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
one thing many people don't know that my mom found out when she got breast cancer (at 45ish, I don't quite remember) and started researching it is that Asian American women experience breast cancer younger at a disproportionately high rate, but nobody knows why because of well, racism basically, people don't really think Asian Americans are significant in any context so not a lot of research has been done.
"Assigned female at birth" is how you know there's not much science in the video
This video felt like a run on sentence... probably good info, but I just couldn't pay attention 😢
Yes. @SciShow's practice of editing out natural speech breaks is atrocious!
Team BRCA2 😋
Most humans have BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, to be clear. Folks often don't make that clear at all. It's a variation of the genes at those locations that are associated with increase risk of breast cancer, not the existence of the genes in general.
Hello everyone 👋👋👋