BREAKING: New Phase of Matter
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- čas přidán 14. 06. 2022
- What are time crystals? How do scientists make one on a quantum computer.
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A picture of the beginning of the universe
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Why is the Universe Flat? ft. Prof Alan Guth
→ www.youtube.com/watch?v=MTUsO...
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Creator/Host: Dianna Cowern
Editor: Levi Butner - Věda a technologie
![Radioactivity (Example 1) [Chapter 9: Nuclear & Particle Physics]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/6hLDdXOp7cg/mqdefault.jpg)
You actually have to deal with quantum tunneling of electrons in the design of traditional computers because of the scale we're at these days 🤯
Duh
If you want look into "single atom transistors", its definitely a problem that they can hopefully solve lol. What a time to be alive
I mean... Aren't transistors only possible because quantum tunneling is a thing?
@@allan710 no, because they are semi-conductors.
@@allan710 yeah, quantum computers are actually quantumer computers
Edit for clarity:
Because regular computers feature usually undesired quantum effects, while actual quantum computers do use quantum phenomena in order to work. That's the joke.
Hey just wanted to say, the style of videos lately where it's like "explain a cool physics concept to someone who doesn't know about it" is a _really_ good idea and it works _really_ well and you should _definitely_ keep doing it! I feel like no one else in physics CZcams really does that. Veritasium explains the thing to the audience directly, and Smarter Every Day condescends (edit: I just mean he brings the content to a layperson’s level) to learn along with the audience (both also work well for them) but you've got a good thing going here with your way of doing things
Condecends to learn lololol. And I like that channel.
What does "condescends to learn" mean? I like Smarter Every Day for the same reason I like Physics Girl...they are endlessly curious!
@@chrisb8154 while he probably understands more than he initially lets on, he brings it down to an entry level any casual viewer can understand. From there, he learns right along with us, and shares what he’s learning. I meant “condescend” in a positive way
Brady Haran (of Periodic Videos, Computerphile, Numberphile, etc.) makes videos with a similar format.
@@Aethenthebored I meant definition 3 from www.dictionary.com/browse/condescend but maybe that meaning is falling out of usage. It must be, because the first two sites I checked didn’t have that meaning. Also it must be, because I obviously didn’t really convey what I meant to lol
My son did his doctorate degree in physics studying crystals, studying the effects of radiation and lasers on crystals ( I think ) Unfortunately not long after he got his Doctorate degree he got Cancer and was gone within a year of being diagnosed . He was just 30 year old. All that studying , sometimes there no justice in this world.
Sending my condolences to you. ❤🙏❤🙏
The learning and study wasn't a waste, it was his time spent and his purpose, what a great way to spend an unfairly short time, you must have been really proud of him
sorry for your loss hope youre well
having just lost my father I whole heartedly understand losing someone to cancer.
With all due respect and my upmost sincere condolences, might I add that it seems that could've been the other way around. It is said that when someone caring, brave and passionate goes down the road of their dreams they bring light to the world. Some people are so great that within archiving their own dreams they inspire others to join the rightful way, which is then they the ones bringing justice in an unjust world.
If I had a professor like you in college that explained concepts to me like this I would have been far more engaged in physics. Sadly my university was just keeping tenured folk who had the brains and stacked resume but could not teach physics to a wider spectrum of learners
That's not what the professors are for these days. Best thing you can get from college is the value of research. That's your avenue to learning. Not someone telling you. It's you, finding it, the journey to find it, and the ability you gain to use critical thinking. When you research something, you truly learn it. Not just memorize what someone said.
@@starbattles1 so by that logic there should be no teachers ? Everything should be self taught?
@@swadjo1149 All college classes require research papers to graduate. No professor stands up there and gives the answers to memorize and repeat on a test. They give a lecture, then assign a research topic. They are there to assess and grade those research papers. To guide them in their research journey.
You twist words and topics in your mind and it keeps your IQ very low.
Are there no teachers in college? Yet ALL classes require research papers.
At your IQ level you took what I said to mean no teachers. Very narrow minded short sighted, uninformed comment.
@@starbattles1 you can research on your own physics .. yes, professors are to guide students on a pathway that makes sense -- if they can't then why need a professor ? Salaries are big and they are to earn it through guiding their students with knowledge ..
@@swadjo1149privacy is what you lack yes hmmmm
I'm in my late 60's and my college experience was 50 years ago. Thank you for explaining this in a manner that left me blankly staring only a time or 2. If I'd had someone like you around, I might not have needed to take chemistry three times to get my passing grade.
I don't know why but I bet you're a pretty dope granny.
You went to college when you were 15 or something?
@@VEE727 no, probably 18 or something
@@VEE727 apparently this is a bot comment, theres a few more exactly the same from different accounts.
I appreciate your tenacity to stick with chemistry even though it was difficult for you! Too often we are discouraged from doing things we're not immediately good at.
My TL;DW: They used a quantum computer to put some electrons together in a configuration such that they flip together back and forth through time.
The surprising part is that it doesn't seem to consume any energy and it's stable, so it can be called a state of matter. The electrons somehow "know" their previous state and they all flip together.
They're called a crystal because it's a repeating structure, but through time instead of space in this case.
I read about that, but I don't think it flipped back and forth "through time". If I recall correctly, both "ends" flipped at the same time without any lag/latency. And no energy consumption either, as you said.
Look up intermediate axis theory
It's so obvious that the Mandela / Quantum Effect was done using this method. I don't care what anyone says that wants to "argue" with me about it. It won't work; I'm convinced and I will always believe that.
So it’s more like a ping-pong cycling of arrangements of information that the particles are holding onto, rather than the arrangement of particles of an object.
Obviously the electrons are changing their arrangements, but this isn’t like a traditional phase you can “hold” is the point i’m getting at.
@@kevinpaap2890 there are no electrons
There is a book by Anne McCaffery published in 1982 called Crystal Singer.
The main character is recruited to be a crystal singer. They cut crystals that have space folding properties. They are used in warp drives and in subspace transmitters.
Id consider myself an enthusiast of all things tech and science (if not a casual one), but I have to say I owe it to creators like you and your patience and willingness to explain concepts to normies like me!
Thank you!
This 1000000% this. I feel the same way I love learning from creators like this..
Physics Girl is always down to earth with her examples and illustrations. This really helps less scientifically exposed audiences relate to what she's trying to explain much better. Well done
@Rosetta Stoned I don't really understand what makes this comment pretentious can you explain?
@Rosetta Stoned - Yup! Love it!
Repent to Jesus Christ
“For I am the Lord your God who takes hold of your right hand and says to you, Do not fear; I will help you.”
Isaiah 41:13 NIV
@@repentandbelieveinjesuschr9495 I just don't get how these bots pick videos.. I mean ignoring that this is a scientific video I honestly don't get why it'd pick this video.
I really appreciate how she breaks it down without being condescending. Instead she assumes the person is intelligent while also asking the person questions to guage their level of understanding/knowledge of the principles underlying the subject shes describing.
Well done.
Also not over-explaining to the point where you get bored listening or lost, thats a talent
Honestly explains why I feel so engaged with the video
Exactly. She must have done some training, or is just incredibly talented, to break such complex ideas down so neatly. Einstein said if you can’t explain something to a six year old you don’t understand it yourself.
SHE IS BEING CONDESCENDING, IT'S JUST THAT SHE HERSELF IS CONVINCING HERSELF SHE HAS FOUND SOMETHING NEW, SHE HAS NOT, "TIME & SPACE" OR THE 4TH & 5TH DIMMENSION HAVE EXISTED SINCE THE BIG BANG. HOW DARE SHE TAKE THIS CREDIT? DID SHE WIN A NOBEL PRIZE? GET REAL, QUARTZ WATCHES HAVE BEEN USING CRYSTALS TO USE THIS ALLEGED "NEW" MATTTER WHICH IS TIME. DUH.
I remember hearing about this but i still got chills when you described some of the actions of time crystals and love your casual simplified explanation of a mind blowing experiment. Thank you
Imagine a glass falling off the table and breaking. Now imagine the glass repairing itself.
No
The time crystal moving a few seconds back in time would look like a violation of the second law of thermodynamics because the glass would be "repaired" . But then it would oscillate forward in time a few seconds later and it would be broken.
Physics was one of my favorite subjects in high school. And that was because my teacher took the same teaching approach as you. He could take a complex issue and break it down to an understandable concept and put all the properties together in a understandable manner.
You remind me of one of my favorite teachers who became a good friend. Keep inspiring us to think, especially out of the box.
Same.. At first, we had a meh physics teacher and i genuinely thought i just don't like the subject. But all of my teachers after that were super enthusiastic and great at explaining in an easily digestible way and it became one of my favorite subjects all throughout high school and college.. A great teacher makes all the difference
Buhl, Idaho... decades ago.... graduating class: 100... physics students: occasional. Me and one other kid. We sat in the back of chemistry class and worked through a physics curriculum, more or less. The teacher spent his personal time coming up with it, and keeping us going. The administration basically invented a class they didn't really offer and made it work. "Takes a village" kind of thing. We never appreciated it at the time. But it got me in a spin-up state that maintained through college and set the course of my life. Thanks, Charles Humphries.
I love how in each of these explains videos Levi is getting a little more literate in science each time, it makes me feel like myself and how anyone can learn this stuff
Conservatives are on a giant Anti-Trans-Campaign right-now.Professor Dave, Planarwalk and other Science-CZcamsrs and Atheist-Channel try to oppose them, but oh wow, Fox-News, Shapiro, everyone is in-it.
Get well soon Physics Girl! I’m a new subscriber, and I’m so thrilled to have found you…I love this stuff! I can’t wait to learn even more. My prayers to you I send for sure..Thank you for what you do here, so much more, SO MUCH MORE I want to learn and the way you teach and explain everything, I actually get it! XO
Going back to this video, i like this format and i think it's one of the cooler out there. Expert talking with a person that's neither completely unawares but not keyed in either. Any explanation is bound to hit solid points with everyone involved with watching the video.
Boy, do I love Physics Girl. Taking obscure and highly technical and/or mathematical concepts and rendering them understandable to a general audience is a gift, and the product of a lot of hard work. Respect.
She wants me to cook for her. I would as long as she talked over wine and appetizers.
I don't know what an integer is.
The interviewer seemed surprisingly clueless however. She should have a 5th grader interview her to make it more understandable.
@@BuddyLee23 I think it was her producer, not himself a scientist based on the available evidence.
bruv, I heard your mum gifts her audiences with one on one interaction, and that she works to make things hard. I heard she does this kind of work by the bins in the bin alley between the shops on the main road, at night time. I also heard she likes animals too. and she welcomes cripples and spastics too.
Your editor deserves an award for making me laugh repeatedly in an educational video, and for making you explain every concept a reasonable person would need explained.
Ahh yes!, Now if I could somehow figure out how to use those time crystal's go back in time just to teach my younger self what mistakes not to make and teach myself everything I've learnt about real estate and investing into Apple before the iphone came out and to teach myself to buy up All the cheap bitcoin I could get my hands on!, I would be one very rich man by now!..... Would've could've should've, LOL!
Bold of you to assume we are reasonable people for wanting to learn about time crystals
Love this channel so much , I’m just a chef that spends his daily train commute thinking about string theory and the Big Bang / multiverse, you really help make physics understandable with the way you deliver the subject! Bravo
Interesting man
wow nice, interesting!🧐
Big Bang? Didn't we prove that didn't happen yet? I wrote a paper in University that proved the Big Bang likely didn't happen and the big crunch will not happen for sure. I was later proven right and asked the professor to revise my grade since I got a C for being a crack pot and he told me to get stuffed. Just an analysis of superstructures of galaxies it is impossible for the Big Bang to be responsible for them.
We think alike.
What’s up chef It’s nice to see a fellow servant of the flame
So, I have been a huge fan of yours for a long time. Not only do I love the energy you bring when talking about physics and the approach you use to explain in ways even most laypeople can understand to a degree, but I really respect the way you will acknowledge your own errors and credit those who catch them. You aren’t vain, trying to paint yourself as a know it all. You’re a brilliant and passionate scientist who makes mistakes and embraces them.
Yours is my favorite YT channel.
Scientist ?
I'm not versed at all in any of the subjects but I am fascinated by science and having it explained in this manner put a huge smile on my face as I begin to understand how far we've come and where this can go.
I love this comment. Apart from the word "manor". In this instance, you would use "manner" :)
@@winstonsmith11 🤓
I love this comment. I agree 100%. And I don’t care which manor she was in when she explained it.. @Winsten Smith.
Well it’s a fake video with no sources so..
czcams.com/video/29Tlzf8f1FQ/video.html
I have ADHD, and learning has always been much more engaging and easy for me in a space where conversation is the primary vehicle of information. These videos are absolutely stunning to me, it's such a simple concept, but it works so well to convey that real life psuedo-kinesthetic learning style
I agree. I also think that modality is an invaluable, even integral lens to use for observation, learning, and imagination - one that any field of study can benefit from especially because it can lead to questions, connections, and ideas that have not ever surfaced before. Sincerely, from one ADHD brain to another : )
@@Chris-cf2kp Show me one verified scientific hypothesis constructed in the entire history of cosmology, astronomy or astrophysics.
same 😊
Crystals that brings you ro the 4th dimension.
@@SilhSe Can it bring us to Narnia also?
I just want to say that I think it is really cool to see someone who is so excited about the subject as you are. I’m fascinated by physics but mostly I’m fascinated by the level of excitement you convey when talking about it.
I have discovered a process to make THYME crystals. Currently I am working on Rosemary crystals, and if successful, will move on to Parsley and Sage as well. I anticipate winning the Noble Prize for this complex work that will surely have great benefits for all human kind.
LMAO
the best part of your videos is how excited you are to talk about each subject, even if im not that interested myself, or know about it already, listening to your enthusiasm is fun and entertaining. I hope you never lose your enthusiasm for learning and educating
As a biologist, this makes me think of how peptides spontaneously fold into their tertiary protein structures without energy input, simply because the order of amino acid domains must do so according to their physical properties. I don't know if that's comparable to how the qbits managed to find their way back to the starting position, but it seems to me that time crystals somehow create a sort of schema within their closed system that includes time as one of its physical properties. It also makes me wonder if it would ever be possible to create a time crystal on the scale of a protein, because that would be amazing
That is incredible, and so fascinating! I need to know more 😭
That's less of spin flipping and more of the weird phenomenon of nature occasionally (and irrationally) tending toward order rather than entropy when entropy is the path of least resistance.
But spin up or down are the same magnitude vector but with an opposite direction.
That is an amazing thought. I always wondered what decided or designed what life decides to be or what tells it to be that thing. Would that mean you could possibly create life with a quantum computer? I mean proteins are matter too, That's mind blowing to think about.
I'm a chemist. The spontaneous peptide folding is a result of intramolecular forces that lower the overall energy of the system and as the folding proceeds the peptide loses energy.
Get well. I'll continue to watch and re-watch your older videos and hope you'll be making new ones soon. Blessings to you.
I am not a scientific nor into physics....but I love to collect crystals and learning new things. I really appreciate this video as I was able to understand and follow along. Thank you 😊
4:13 Interestingly, while neutrons don't have a net charge, they _do_ turn out to have a magnetic moment, and are affected by magnetic fields (but only a really small bit). As far as I understand it, this is because it's quarks (one up and two down) individually have charges. And because the quarks aren't all exactly in the same "location", the charge isn't exactly 0 everywhere.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_magnetic_moment
Thank you, Editor, for being many of us in this conversation…
100% I wonder what their job description looks like.
Yes! Levi does so well representing us
Thank you too for reflecting and sharing our thoughts about the excellent relatable editor! I was just gonna say!
I appreciate that she keeps the corrections in as opposed to completely editing them out. These concepts are difficult and to show that is really important. 12:08
When I was 8 years old ,one day an aunt stopped by with a box of crystals
The crystals were of all different shapes and sizes and colors.
She told my brothers and me that each of us could pick out a crystal and keep it
I picked a purple one and immediately upon picking it up IT BEGAN TO GLOW ! ,
THEN A PURPLE SPHERE OF LIGHT APPEARED IN THE AIR A COUPLE OF FEET ABOVE THE CRYSTAL !
When my aunt saw this she grabbed back all the crystals and left.
Despite having left with the purple crystal the purple sphere of light remained stationary in the air for quite a while before fading away
When I was teenager I asked my mom what she (aunt) did with the crystals and she told me that she gave them to a monastery.
In December of 2019 a guy I worked with told me that he went to a monastery for a Christmas service and he said that there were crystals on a wall inside the monastery.
He also told me that there was a statue of Jesus holding a purple crystal at his heart .
♥
This was so interesting and well explained! I love these videos where you just sit down and explain something to someone
what about the entropy of the system? wouldn't the time crystal increase the photons' entropy from the laser?
Love your explanations as well!
Probably the best way to explain is, well, interaction. Puns probably intended.
Difficult to say "well explain..." considering ALL. ... and difficult to say "New phase of matter...." very difficult at least.
me after reading something on wikipedia be like:
This reminds me very much of the novel '2001: A Space Odyssey'; the monolith was described as having sides with a ratio of 1x4x9, the squares of 1, 2, and 3, and that humans were naive to believe that that ratio ended with just the first three dimensions.
I always think of Heinlein. If there are three spatial dimensions, why would we conclude there's only one time dimension?
@@JohnJ469 interesting thought that I have no idea how to comprehend.
@@MarioMonte13 Me either. He used the idea in "The Number of the Beast". If there were 3 time dimensions and you could move to different universes by swapping them around, then the number of possible Universes becomes 6 to the 6th to the 6th.
But also, when you think about it, why should there only be one time dimension?
Had a short reposted by one of Diane’s friends pop up on my feed yesterday and now today the algorithm gave me this vid which made me happy. Making this comment and adding a like in hopes it spawns an appearance on someone else’s feed to keep Physics Girl going strong while she recovers from her medical issues. Help me to keep it going in this little way.
I truly enjoyed your explanation of time crystals. One thing I am curious about, that wasn't touched on, was compensating for quantum drift. It really is rhetorical. Thank you for sharing this!
I now need to read up on this a lot more. The main thing that's getting to me is that they break time-translational symmetry. We know thanks to Noether's theorem that conservation of energy isn't a fundamental law, but an emergent property of time translational symmetry. So when it's broken, energy conservation should also be broken. I have to assume this breaking of energy conservation is highly situational and minor though, like how conservation of momentum is broken within regular crystals but only in the form of phenomena like Umklapp scattering, as crystals break spatial-transitional symmetry, but that doesn't mean we can break the conservation of momentum whenever we like. But still, I am so interested to know to what extent conservation of energy can be broken in time crystals, even if it's small.
Thank you! I was just coming into the comments to ask what the implications of the symmetry-breaking were, from Noether's Theorem.
Local symmetry breaking vs global symmetry breaking. - fields during local symmetry breaking are conserved by the appearance of goldstone modes/bosons, i.e. in the spatial translational setting that's phonons. Are we actually getting some kind of goldstone mode/boson from time-crystals? Are the associated long-wavelength excitations measurable? *I haven't delved into time-crystals yet, but these are the big questions that for sure would be in the back of my mind.
There is a video by youtuber science asylum where he says that the expansion of the universe breaks conversation of energy. His reasoning is that the red shift we see in the CMB is caused by the expansion of the universe. That energy loss that caused the light to red shift is just gone now. But I don't know if this counts as breaking time-translation symmetry because in principle that light could travel through contracting space and blue shift.
@@thedagit it's not the loss of energy, but the loss of energy density. We have the same amount, just in a larger system.
@@theresalwaysanotherway3996 this is correct. An equivalent discussion is around non-Hermitian sub-system imbedded inside a Hermitian system. Everything is relative as it turns out, but I think most physicists believe/agree that the universe must be manifestly Hermitian.
cool video! I have also used the swing analogy a couple times to explain it. I actually do research which builds on time crystals, and we (theoretically) found this phase which is called a time glass! Similar to the time crystal, this phase periodically shows glassy behaviour. We also talked about it with Frank Wilczek, which was super awesome!
But glass is amorphous. Would that mean that the change is not between two states but between random states? Have you discovered quantumrand(); ?
@@vladyslavkorenyak872 there is indeed no crystal structure, but what makes it a time material is that it periodically switches from a liquid to a glass phase and back
@@robin111v hang on, is the glass phase consistent with previous states? either way, that is awesome!
@@robin111v why despite appreciating how truly bonkers and cool this is, all i’m thinking is “who’s going to tell them its a memory leak, from a intern a few years ago that ran the “game of life” on one of the quantum adjacent systems and forgot to shut it down hen he left. And now its making time crystals over and above the gliders and other known forms in the game.
The mind on this side never seems to grow 🤦
@@jockbw well it is not just one experiment, there are many things happening in parallel all over the world ;)
Did not understand much but I stayed till the end because she is so passionate about it. Keep up tge good work
hHAHAHAHA
You don't need to understand it to know about it
Can you do a video on how certain minerals such as galena are influenced by electromagnetic fields?
I have a theory that EM fields applied in specific settings to reactive minerals may be able to shift the polarity of the bonds into a metaphysical ‘in-between’ state in which the bonds rearrange to an alternate balance state(same molecules with secondary structure). If the EM settings are applied in a vibrational manner you could “sift” the atoms causing constant rearrangement and rotation, and in that state a stable physical object should be able to pass through the affected metal. In short, allowing one to pass through a seemingly impassible metal wall when the proper EM field is applied.
The Time crystal sensed the energy and then flipped when the pulse from the laser cycled. Not using the energy but observing the change via the time between the pulse. Put that into a mechanical devise and it could replace relay switching, or diode switching and change the energy requirements for just about every mechanical devise we build. This is HUGE! I had to listen to this 4 times to wrap my head around this. Time is part of matter. I'll bet sound is too. Harmonics is just energy frequency and the time between the waves. I love this stuff.
We need more people that can understand this on an engineering level
It's like the old saying" How many angels can dance on the head of a pin?" As it turns out. This many. We have the maximum level of angels right here. That is to say, the math is so perfect we can now slide on the moment. The Tick to the universes tock. Maximum lever and fulcrum.
Ask Tesla. Or the Bible. Genesis 1. 'God said' has more packed into it than you realize.
We already know that sound is a state of matter. Or rather, the displacement and reordering of matter, and the inherent effects of it. I.e. acoustics, wavelengths, etc.
It's Kabbalahistic psudoscience. This girl is pure nonsense.
Having taken a class in quantum computing, I really enjoyed the enthusiasm that Dianna showed for a really complex subject, I wish my professor had some of that, I think I would have enjoyed the class more.
Hello! I'm just writing to say thanks for the video but also to emphasize the format of the video works really well for people like me. The conversation works REALLY well. Have a great one! Best wishes!
Cool to hear about Frank Wilczek again! 😄 I read "Longing for the Harmonies" when I was a little kid. It made a big impact then. I still go back & re-read it every so many years.
This is the kind of stuff I wanted to be involved in when I was a kid. I love hearing about the subatomic. Forget when you know from living at our size, you throw out the rule book when you shrink down. The more things we figure out the more it sounds to me like this is a simulation and we are finding the software/hardware we are running on.
regardless if it's a simulation or not, which a debate I'm gonna skip for now, we are discovering more of how our universe works which is really exciting.
It's not too late! The maths of quantum mechanics is less daunting than it looks, and you can get there starting with classical models.
I collected a lot of resources for my electronics degree, would you be interested in them? What sort of level are you at? (I was a high school dropout who didn't take any maths, physics or chemistry, then started uni in my 30s... so I had to catch up on the fly with stuff the kids learned at 16. 😵 Still-- I've got loads of links!)
I think the simulation theory is interesting. I’ve definitely see some stuff while I’ve been tripping that would back it up if I believed in it.
I think the universe is just chaos and chaos finds order eventually through trial and error. It begins at the subatomic level and spirals outwards. Maybe that’s just the programming learning as it goes. I don’t think anybody will really ever know.
There's exciting physics experiments in the works with the intention of adding credence to the idea of our universe being a "simulation". I think the word simulation give people the wrong idea at times (i.e., people think we're being simulated by aliens or advanced human or something which I don't believe to be the case), but quantum physics and experiments like the double slit have lent validity to simulation theory for so long. Slowly the physics community will have no option but to start embracing the idea as all signs point to it being true.
@@alienassasin1234 The double slit experiment is great. WTF is going on?
Imagine like, going on to explain something and, en route, encountering many other things that need to be be explained first. So, we branch out to those prerequisite things as they pile up more and more and we find ourselves branching out more...
Anyway, really cool to see a first experimental observation coming out just after around ten years of theoretical understanding.
Also, some links to the articles or any research papers is much appreciated. Thank you!
I LOVE SCIENCE, so i wanna ask if you want Recommendations, but asking that repeatedly (to reach more people) is of course automatically risking that i seem like a robot, which makes people decline. A Risk, a Risk.
I just read an article about the scientists from TU Dortmund creating a Time Crystal that lasted 40 minutes. My first thought was "I need Physics Girl to explain Time Crystals to me." so I came back to her CZcams channel to see if she had explained it and of course ... here it is. We miss you and want you back, but most of all we thank you for your content and explanations of the world. 👏
Well, I have just discovered your channel and I am obsessed and feel like I am learning about gravity or looking through a telescope for the first time as a kid again. Every video has so much easily digestible information. Truly enlightening, massively interesting, and often mind-blowing!
Loved this video. Great job!
hi
Hey Neil 🙋🏿♀️
@@missbstuurman or Chuck 😅
the collab we all need!!
love your episodes!
The title of the video made me sceptical, having taken interest in this subject in 2015. But then I saw you posted it, and I love your content and collaborations. I was right to trust you, this is absolutely amazing. What a brilliant format. This is superb, from the explanation till the post-production corrections…. Just brilliantly done, thank you.
Nothing like a little bit of bias-confirmation lol
I have just got to say that this video that I have watched 6 months ago has started my journey into going back to school for physics. Also to go back to school for astronomy and hopefully, eventually, astrophysics. I have ended up with the drive of learning more just because I have watched this singular video. 🔭🖤
I have a neodymium magnet stuck upside down to a pull up bar for 5 years. The magnet weighs 3 ounces. The amount of energy used by the magnet to hold itself against gravity for 24 hours a day, for 3 years, is calculable to 2,758,493 KiloWatts. Where did this energy come from, ultimately?
fascinating
that is so interesting to think about
If you glue a weight to the bar is it taking energy to hold it. Energy is used only if the mass moves and when stuck or at rest it is zero even when upside down. The magnet force is the glue.
"Quantum computer: Are you feeling sick
Regular Computer: No, I'm just a bit off."
Lol!
In High School in the 80s I had a thing for Perpetual Motion. I knew all the claims were bunk but I always thought it was a neat idea. I ended up taking a Physics class with a guy that also taught Physics at the local University.
Randomly, he brought up Perpetual Motion and all the hooey in one of the lectures and my brain just clicked on Time. So I raised my hand and said well, what about time?
The next 20 minutes was me being dressed down so badly I dropped the glass, and subsequently left High School.
So, this is some vindication, I guess. Eat my Shorts snarky High School Professor.
What a shame the teacher didn't use your natural curiosity as a spring-board, and leverage that into further inspiration for you and your classmates. Even if there were things "worthy" of slamming down, a good teacher will not "dress down" a student and show off his/her expertise, but recognize it as an opportunity to inspire with a good explanation.
Probably the motion of objects in space, which is almost a vacuum and has no resistance to slow the motion of a spinning object. That could be perpetual motion. Just guessing. In the atmosphere, there is air pressure to slow down movement. Or the movement of electrons around a mucleus seems to be perpetual motion with no end.
Or maybe the self-organizing universe? Because, as she mentions in the video, entropy should not allow a self starting explosion like the big bang, or the increasingly orderly assembly of structured matter that followed. As physicists say, "Allow us one miracle and we'll explain the rest." That one miracle kind of overshadows all the other supposed limitations of physical laws as we understand them; so perhaps your old professor was mistaken.
@@jamesstuartbrice420 it still won't be perpetual because just like how our planets spin they're actually slowing down, ever so little by little, due to other things pulling on it and it's even more of a problem to cause something to spin without gravity interfering with the spinning
@@jamesstuartbrice420 keep thinking though
@4:46 To add to your spin discussion: MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) uses powerful magnetic fields to polarize the spin of water molecules in the body. This adds energy to those molecules. When the magnetic field is dropped, the water molecules will give up that energy making it visible to the imaging system.
The fact is, everything around is simply made of light.
I honestly rate R. Feynman as one of the top genius of our time, the book "Genius" was an absolute joy to read. Loved this episode, I am not fortunately enough to learn math beyond the basic calculus level. Abstract Algebra and Partial Diff Equ just went (waaaaaaaaay) over my head.
Otherwise I would have taken a coupla more physics classes besides the required 101. Keep up the good work, I'm learning so much from you and the channel.
You don't really need perfect math to understand complex things tho.
I mean, think about it: A French guy and an Japanese guy walk in to a bar. Do you think they can't communicate just because the two languages differ?
If math is a language, and this higher math is saying something you don't understand... then what you need to do to understand it is to change your frame of reference. Don't focus on the "words" focus on the odd movements of the Japanese guy's hands. You'll eventually get that he's just trying to share a drink.
Usually, i feel like i learned something after watching one of these videos.. This time, the concepts were so far out of my pool of knowledge i had no idea what was happening most of the time.. But it was still a super fun video. Great job!
I pray to the Quanta and He gives me the answers.
Diana is such a good teacher! She is quite good at explaining complex things for average folk.
Whoa !!! this one just broke my brain. I think i may have lost a few thousand neurons just trying to keep up with the concepts.I had to view the vid twice. But i got the purpose cause you did a wonderful job. I'm gonna pass this one around to several friends just to melt their minds. Creating another state of matter?!! S0O0ooo co0l . Thank You, Dianna. 🙃
This is why I love physics, new theories are found everyday and there is so much to explore!
The more we know, the more we know that we don't know. I love that statement, and it's very apt.
@@tomkudleq it’s an illuminati conspiracy
I've never heard a more articulate delivery of a complex scientific phenomenon than this video. Her explanation of the property known as 'Spin' was brilliant and it's the first time I think I've actually grasped it. I've subscribed in the hope I can find clear explanations for some of the other concepts I've been struggling with. Good job!
Read Stephen Hawking. A brief history of time.
“Spin” is a property of quarks which give rise the forces between matter.
It’s kind of like orbitals around an atom. We really don’t have words to truly visualize what’s happening in physics.
Any chance you could find it in our heart to explain here what spin is? I wish I understood it after watching this but all I got was "so it's not actually spinning, but it's this inherent property."
Show me one verified scientific hypothesis constructed in the entire history of cosmology, astronomy or astrophysics. There isn't one. That's because it's not science.
@@slow-mo_moonbuggy Clocks run slower at the bottom of a mountain than they do at the top. The allowance GPS satellites have to make for the time difference between their orbit and the ground. Gravity attracting photons that have no mass.
I absolutely love her enthusiasm! The day she comes back will be awesome. But if she can’t then hopefully she is able to at least get healthy. Wishing you the best!
Precisely my thoughts!
Thank you.
Thinking of you daily, Diana!
RL
This popped up on my timeline and I was so excited because I thought it was a new video, for a moment I thought she was feeling better.
I never thought I would be so invested in the wellbeing of a person on youtube. We're all rooting for you Dianna, hope your days are getting easier
To me, if I am even - remotely - interpreting this right, this sounds like the first steps to a quantum-state memory storage that could be used to match quantum computing. Locking a piece of information (a set of quantum states) in time for later release/access.
...but then I am much more philosopher than I am physicist/mathematician. And as we all know, if Scientists dazzle people with their brilliance, Philosophers baffle those same people with Bulls**t.
🏆
the annoying part would be as mentions trying to return the system to a null-state, it would require a constant reading system to check that it "flipped" back to a null-state.
Not just locking in on a piece of history but we will be able to interact with our parallel counterparts that made different decisions then us.
@@melinaathena how did you dervive that?
@@kepler-444f3 I keep replying to this and my comments keep getting deleted because I posted a few scientific articles and my comments get removed. So basically to answer your question, an atom has a twin and one twin remains in place or a set time while it’s counterpart can go in the past or future and at sometime they meet up and from there they can exchange information. This is according to what Einstein had said. However, this is not entirely true that an atom has a twin but it is not the best way to describe it. It is known as the atom paradox. In reality, the atom depending on how you look at it wavelength which is one color or spectrum at a time you can identify where it is at a certain location. However if you look at at at a different part of the same wavelength it can be somewhere else at the same time you looked at it with the other frequency. Basically at Stanford, they did this and identified the same atom in two different locations at the same time. They determined that an atom can have many superpositions at the same time and be everywhere at the same time. This is called quantum superposition. So if one atom can be in two places at once it maybe possible one day to identify all of the frequencies and determine the past, present, and future of an atom and this can be used to see parallel universes as well as we will be able to see all of the possibilities of what the atom can do based on looking at its wave frequency and a quantum computer maybe able to determine and map the possibilities for this. So in that regard we may be able to interact with our parallel self’s one day.
I love how enthusiastic you are when you talk, it really engages the viewer. This blew my mind! I've always loved your videos!
I hope she recovers. There are so many new discoveries for her to discover.
A time crystal is a new kind of matter that bears an uncanny resemblance to a perpetual motion machine. Its parts can theoretically move in a repeating cycle without consuming energy for eternity, like a watch that runs forever without any batteries.Im sure it will have as much success as Teslas free electricity did.
yes but you cannot 'extract' any energy because the energy movement is neutral. many can't grasp this. it's easier to understand if you think of a magnet. a permanent magnet via the 'magnetic flux field' can 'defeat the energy of gravity' and stay stuck to the fridge.. however there is 'no surplus energy' to extract. think of a photon, as soon as you 'capture' the energy the photon is destroyed. this is the same thing there is no energy to capture without destroying the movement' you can only 'read' the energy..don't let anyone mess with your understanding of science unless you like the 'pop science' world of sensational (misleading) theories. cheers
That's so cool. Gosh I really need channels like this to break it down for me though. Well done. It must be very hard to turn such complex things into things abstract enough for laymen to follow but accurate enough that we don't all go around confidently saying Griaffes are horses. A really balancing challenge.
I LOVE SCIENCE, so i wanna ask if you want Recommendations, but asking that repeatedly (to reach more people) is of course automatically risking that i seem like a robot, which makes people decline.
With all that you described, I'm curious how they "observed" the phenomenon. And are there any recorded impacts from simply observing?
Wouldn't the time crystal technically only exist because we are observing it? The superposition states shouldn't have collapsed otherwise?
They did observe it but this is already a constant and not changing. The variable of which is changed is the laser that interacted with the material (crystal).
The fact that it has "memory" state and doesn't interact with laser in pure physics/energy perspective is the new discovery.
There are additional elements which creates this "memory", of which is the 4th dimension, ie time.
@@IHateUniqueUsernames observing does not mean being seen or watched, anytime a measurement is taken it interacts with the system that is in an unknown state, after the measurement is made the system is at a lower state after the interaction as all energy and information is conserved.
@@IHateUniqueUsernames want to specify that is doesn't have to be a lower after taken a measurement, the state could be higher than before measurement being made.
Also what comes to mind is monoatomic elements like monoatomic gold where a pile of monoatomic dust can appear and disappear or become lighter or heavier on a whim, and if you stick something like a pencil in it, it can disappear and then reappear again into/out of dimensions... Is this just matter traveling not elsewhere other than simply traveling in TIME itself?
its so strange.. it feels like im watching someone make up answers from a faded memory of reading their homework chapters the night before....
i feel like this is a dream yeah wth
Clearly I'm at the very least intrigued enough to learn some new vocabulary and then try this video again! You did your best with the laymen terms and phrases, I surely wouldn't have made it without em thx!
I love your enthusiasm as you discuss physics. It makes it much more fun to listen to. I also like that your editor can poke fun at you as he edits the videos. Makes it even more fun to watch. :)
Dianna: "Wait, he does what?"
@@serversurfer6169 Levi gets to poke fun at Dianna, and Dianna gets to force him to pay attention to a cool new physics concept. That's their deal.
It certainly doesn’t come from HER sense of humor…
We are aspects OF existence, therefore we can learn something valuable about ourselves..
spaceandmotion
Yeah . . . . I k n o w .
I love how your wrongs and explaining why its wrong got me to understand it way better then just listening to the explanation. Great work!
Get well soon Diana❣️❣️❣️
Thank you so much for your upbeat personality while schooling us w a smile! I hope to see it again real soon 🥰
I love the amount of energy that this girl gives off when talking about something that she is so passionate about and is so well at informing the audience 🙂❤️
@yuitr loing I LOVE SCIENCE, so i wanna ask if you want Recommendations, but asking that repeatedly (to reach more people) is of course automatically risking that i seem like a robot, which makes people decline. A Risk, a Risk.
@@slevinchannel7589 My guess is that you are a bot.
@@kimbeach7185 You effectively guessed wrong.
Hope you learn to not negatively-assume.
*she is so GOOD at informing the audience.
In general use WELL to describe an activity or health and GOOD to describe a person, place, or thing. In the example above GOOD is being used to describe the content creator even though you may think you're using it to describe her action. If you want to use WELL, say this:
She informs her audience WELL.
shes a youtuber you dofus 🤣
Very cool. I love how you keep the mistakes and corrections in the video and give a shout out to the the people that caught it. SCIENCE!!
That is what true science is!!!! I hope every child could watch these videos! Please parents share with your children and push schools to show these!!!
I am a high school student and a lover of physics.... Physics is my love... I want to learn more and more about it....your videos are too too too amazing
I had read about time crystals a few times, but never understood what they're about. Now it seems obvious. Great explanation :)
I can just imagine a collab between LTT and Physics Girl.
That could work. Explaining quantum computers in varying levels
Who is LTT?
@@tortle1055 Linus. From Linus Tech Tips. One of the oldest and begets Tech Tuber from the platform. I think they are the oldest and one of the top 3 begets on computer tech stuff
I really like how you explain things to your editor in your videos, it makes it feel more real and unscripted. Despite the "unscripted" feel you are very good at making complete sense even when what you explain sometimes doesn't.
You're the best (:
I appreciate Levi for asking the questions us regular viewers need answered to understand
I was watching this as I found the topic interesting. My 8 year old daughter was down here and said she recognized the voice, came over and said she's watched your videos before, something about infrared light or something, that's cool!
Had a couple thoughts while watching this: we all know that perpetual motion is impossible w/o energy input, but is atomic spin as described itself not perpetual motion? And coming off that idea, whether it is perpetual motion or not what happens if atomic particles stop spinning?
Perpetual motion in a system with factors of resistance is impossible, on the scale of an electron "spinning" around an atom there is no friction to lower motion.
Perpetual motion ≠ perpetual motion machine
In these systems it is worth noting that it is also impossible to have particles exist between fully transitioned states of energy and through various forms of energy decay there is a probability of an orbiting electron entering a lower energy state with no sign of it happening beforehand.
(Also atomic decay exists)
If you want to know what would happen to a atomic or subatomic particle that seems to always have motion or angular momentum at the very least I can give a theory or two, such as: If a low energy particle were to be forced to an even lower state than they are known to be able to rest at it would either be impossible to induce that kind of change either at all or without accidentally exciting the particle into a higher state of energy if not outright destroying it and causing it to essentially turn into a energy wave with similar or identical energy to that of the particle's wave function and possibly +/- some factor of what you used to cause that depending of what's used.
Essentially if it does work all you're doing is finding a lower state of energy for a particle and then you have to ask the question and do the test again as hard as it may be or you're failing at getting the particle to do what you want in a myriad of ways likely including the above mentioned.
Perpetual motion in itself is perfectly possible. Just spin an object in a zero friction environment, or give a push or whatever. You just can't get more energy out of it than you put in.
Also, electron spin is not motion, it's a quantum property. I always imagine it like this, but I don't know if it makes sense or if that's the way it works: if you spin an object (say, a disc) it gains angular momentum. You can measure it by looking at some point on the rim of the disc and seeing how much distance it travels each second. Then you take the disc's mass, do some math and voila, angular momentum. If you take a point somewhere closer to the middle of the disc, the result is the same, but if you look at the center of the disc, you can't measure distance anymore. I always imagine the spin of an electron to be like that.
When we talk about something like an electron having spin, we aren't really meaning it's spinning just that it has intrinsic angular momentum. As far as we know, electrons are point particles meaning that they have no size. It doesn't really make sense for a particle with no size to be spinning, but we can measure intrinsic angular momentum which is what we refer to as the quantum spin state.
@@RussellSpjut "electrons are point particles meaning that they have no size" everything thats a "thing" has a size so what do you mean it doesnt?
@@johndor7793 Once you get into quantum particles (and electrons are quantum particles), you basically have to throw out your intuitive understanding of the world around us. In the quantum model, point particles don't have size, but as they interact, they can build larger items like atoms that do have size. Some of this is just mathematic modeling. I'll see if I can find a video or article that explains it in more depth.
When the discovery first happened, I told my brother about it and he didn't believe me. He said it was just sensationalized media freaking out about something unimportant. I'm glad to know that I was right and this is a big thing for quantum mechanics!
Would it be appropriate to say you were Wright?
@@carl-henrikkristoffersen2313 But his brother is Wright as well
@@mikael1997 I hope their nicknames are Wilbur and Orville...
Bruh, the timing, she got sponsored by a mattress company, not knowing that she would need a good mattress because she’d be spending nearly a whole year in it with long COVID. Praying for full recovery Diana! (P.S, your team are amazing, especially Kyle!!)
Nah bud, this ain’t it
The title reminded me of a certain game that delt with crystals of similar description. In that game it caused a resonance cascade which is a portal storm. This event caused an in interdimensional empire to find Earth and conquer humans in 7 hours.
You have now created the perfect formula for a physics video. I've seen your other video outside where you explain expansion to your producer, but this one is much better. You describe every difficult to understand concept in easy to understand words. You then build up to the ultimate concept that you want to convey. Along the way, questions are asked and comments are made. It was just pure genius. Thank you.
Been trying to wrap my head around this concept since discovery.
Been inching closer with each new piece I come across...
That said, I just had a conceptual leap and I feel like I actually almost grok it now, after this video.
I absolutely love the way you describe things!
Thank you!
I feel the same way! I think this video helped me a LOT. Just don't move on in the video unless you fully understand what you just watched. I found myself rewinding a lot but eventually got it lol czcams.com/video/DxQK1WDYI_k/video.html
Honestly, I didn't even know "grok" was a word, but it is and this is the first time I've ever read it.
I’m showing my age here, but those of us reading science fiction in the 70s well remember Robert Heinlein and his classic Stranger in a Strange Land. I believe that was the first mention of “grok”.
@@MrTree-tr7pu Not just a real word. It is a real fake Martian word. It means "to drink". Unfortunately Jeff here is using it wrong. If you grok something, it means you understand it so well that the borders between it and yourself have blurred. Like how when you drink water, the water becomes part of you.
@@LRBeforeTheInternet I knew it was a word, but rarely hear it any more. It's been a long time since last hearing it used.
Spin is an intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles. It is not simply a circular rotation around a single axis.
As an example, the earth rotatational spin but its electromagnetic field has an angular momentum spin where it also can flip back and forth. 😊
I was excited when Google announced their time crystal work. I used to have a, umm, acquaintance I used to discuss astrophysics and quantum physics with (she refused to let me call her a friend), and she was actually disappointed that quantum tunneling was no faster than the speed of light. Anyway, she's gone and I have no one to discuss time crystals with, so my heart jumped when I saw this video show up! Thank you!
What is a time Crystal.. plz explain
I love this vid not only because it’s super interesting but also because I’m a physics undergrad who wants to go into quantum computing after grad school and whenever I try to explain what a qubit/quantum computer is to someone who doesn’t know much physics, I give the same explanation as physics girl did almost word for word- I got a both a great vid to watch and validation that I’m explaining my fave topic well :)
You did a great edit on this. So many chop cuts to make things succinct, I think you are brilliant. Top quote, about Quantum computers
'That's enough. They're not user friendly'
Laugh my socks off.
Same 🤣🤣🙏🖖. Wish her well
The example of the kid on the swing (“surprise number 3”) is very misleading. A driven system exhibiting periodicity equal to a multiple of that of the drive is known as period doubling and is actually very common in classical physics/the theory of dynamical systems generally.
Second, it’s also inaccurate to claim that this system does not heat up. It is widely believed that time crystals can only be realised as “pre-thermal” phases - ie the driven system exhibits time crystalline behaviour at short times, but eventually approaches a state of thermal equilibrium, in which there is no time-crystalline order. The system can avoid thermalisation if it exhibits so-called “many-body localization”, but the theoretical possibility of this loophole is increasingly controversial, and it is hard to establish for small systems such as that used in the Google experiment.
“Surprise 4” ie it breaks discrete time-translation symmetry, also applies to any other periodic thing - swings, clocks, orbits - which is hardly special.
Lastly, the idea which was conceived in 2012 is also strictly not realised in this experiment. Wilczek’s idea was about a stable phase of matter, something which could exist in thermal equilibrium, which was shown to be an impossibility a couple years after his proposal journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.251603
A time-crystal is a transient cuckoo clock made out of qubits, which is to say that the whole field is massively over-hyped
This is why I love particle physics... whenever anyone asks me how something actually works all I have to say is "it just dose."
what dose of does?
"It's magic"
I'll never tired of saying it: I LOVE your videos. I find all so interesting but complicated and you manage to explain in a way that I can follow and be engaged. This just sounds so incredible.
Conservatives are on a giant Anti-Trans-Campaign right-now.Professor Dave, Planarwalk and other Science-CZcamsrs and Atheist-Channel try to oppose them, but oh wow, Fox-News, Shapiro, everyone is in-it.
I miss you so much I'm watching old clips. And now i going one i hadn'tseen before.
Get well soon. Miss you
A compression itself has the potential to be in two states although a single strand. We see this with coiled hair, where a single hair strand can have a spectrum from tightly coiled, to wavy and straight. With kinky hair, it is challenging to distinguish a pattern. It appears as a single tightly-woven clump even though it is individualized strands.
Some people watch Napoleon Dynamite as a comedy, while others watch it for what it really is, a prophecy. 🙌 Shout's to Uncle Rico
My top at the list Movie. It's a unsolved mystery up to this day
personally I think idiocracy is a prophecy
@@bobrobertsNotUrBob agreed
Nearly all comedies are merely descriptions of reality. The rest aren't funny.