The Prince Who Brought Down The Ottoman Empire | More Than Enemies | Real Royalty
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- čas přidán 5. 07. 2021
- On September 11, 1697, the Ottoman army is annihilated in the battle of Zenta by the imperial army led by Prince Eugene of Savoy, thus ending the steady rise of the Ottoman Empire over the previous centuries. The dominance of the Habsburgs is well documented, but the Ottoman Empire was a civilization that was no less developed and whose culture we know only little about.
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![[Vowel]물고기는 물에서 살아야 해🐟🤣Fish have to live in the water #funny](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/3G9MH063Cx4/mqdefault.jpg)
Watch Part 1 here: czcams.com/video/hnexa6XN-w8/video.html 👑
Damn, you mean I just got all the way through that and didn't realise it was the second half?
Maybe you can put 'Part 2' in the title so people know.
2 men on a horse. 2020. Logistics
Napoleon was A generation too late about war
No.
Yes.
Do not forget about Jan Sobieski, the King of Poland. On September 12, 1683 troops led by renowned Polish King and Grand Duke of Lithuania Jan III Sobieski defeated Ottoman Empire commanded by Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa in the battle of Vienna, thus defending Europe and Christianity from the Islamic deluge.
Do not also forget what Christians did to Poland in 1772 and who didn't accept what was done to Poland :)
@@osmanoz6474 That is true - it was Prussia - 65% protestant, 34% Catholic; Russia - Predominantly Orthodox Christian, and Austria primarily Roman Catholic that took over Poland in so called partitions, starting in 1773.
@@osmanoz6474 I have a friend who is British-born with both parents being Turkish. Her husband came to the UK from Poland. Times change!
czcams.com/video/Jibk6hvhlG0/video.html History on King Jan Sobieski
@@osmanoz6474 What Austria did in 1772 was peculiar way of "a thank you" gesture to Poland for saving it almost a hundred years earlier. But Maria Teresa "shed a tear" taking a role in annexing Poland. The horrible times for Poles lasted 146 years.
The Sultan's war chest was destroyed by explosions. And two years later all of the Princes debts were paid. We've seen that before.
Well, i guess they had to empty the chests before filling them with explosives.
Ironic history. The Hapsburg & Ottoman Empires would be allies in World War I. Both would be destroyed when they lost the war.
That was only the last chapter of many alliances and conflicts among both empires along their extended history.
Yeah, a shame they did not enjoy their better days as allies instead. They could have counter balanced the influence of Russia, France, England, Spain, and Portugal that rose to power later on.
@@Wolfen443 Perhaps not quite a shame for many unsatisfied peoples under their rules; from Czechs and Poles to Arabs and Armenians.
@@Wolfen443 gladly, both their empires are now on the ash-heap of history. They both deserved death and destruction, having abused many countries and peoples thru the centuries.
@@voxveritas333 History is not so simple and certainly cannot be painted with a brush of one colour.
It depends on the era.
Is this real? Did it really happen like this??
Why have I never heard of this?!!! We owe the prince and his troops an IMMEASURABLE amount of gratitude for saving Europe and Western civilization!!!
you are correct!
You should be more thankful to Jan Sobieski the hitmen of Poland. At the time he was main reason the video just doesn’t give them credit.
@@drewbond4992keep coping lol poles got one battle under their belt 😂 Holy romans got 100s. Mohac 1687, slankamen 1691, zenta 1697 all holy romans alone
*saving* europe, the Ottomans brought civilization to the west. With the translations of the Islamic studies to the west began the renaissance.
Prince Eugene was great, but this ignores the absolute destruction of the Ottoman army at Vienna in 1683, by King Jon Sobieksi, with Prince Eugene as one of the subordinate commanders.
neither sobieski nor anyone else saved vienna beside dissension inside the ottoman camp because wasn't the ottoman empire that besieged vienna it was the koprulu empire
@Абдульзефир number of turks who died while Conducting the siege exeeds those who died in battle against the combined Army in other words sobiesky did nothing and if he was able to do something he should have freed his country from turks and retrive the left bank of Ukraine which was under turkish suzernty since the destruction of chyhyryn by kara mustafa and the treaty of 1681 with russia
Nope, sobieski's role in Great Turkish war is exaggerated. Turkish army fought 16 years after siege of vienna and almost menaged push back europeans coalition. But There was no equal Commander to Prince Eugen (unfortunatly to Turks few succesfull generals that they had like koprulu fazil Ahmet Pascha were died in battles) so Eugen's battles against Ottoman Empire determined the fate of war. You can look Battle of Zenta, nearly all Turkish army was destroyed. Most of commanders, grand viziers are killed and sultan himself barely withrawn. Battle of Zenta was end of Great Turkish War and Turkish Empire suffered so much from that battle. I think most of europeans romanticizing Sobieski's role in Great Turkish war because of he became sembol in siege of vienna.
But if things were left to sobieski, the Turks would not be easily defeated.
@@YunusEmre-cv4dy what sealed the ottoman defeat wasn't the lack of great commanders but the fractious nature of the 17 century ottoman regime only the koprulu family had the power to some extent to curb those infightings , i think the siege of vienna was a koprulu undertaking but after 2 months siege the retreat before vienna gave the sultan opportunity through his minions to hit back and execute kara mustafa .
Geniune shame such an omission..
I read all the comments and its great to see how informed people are. I need to catch up with my history and these wonderful videos are helping me. So thanking you all,that makes this possible. You are heroes.
It's good idea to hear from different sources. There are a lot of misleading information
History is only that we are allowed to know?! 🇺🇸
What a hero. He did his earthly duty well. Loyal and faithfully he walked his life path.
yes and how much Louis was a brute.
What a great documentary. It's obvious no expense was spared in making this.
Thoroughly enjoyable!
I learnt a lot in this.
Thanks.
Had it not been for Christian in-fighting and lack of action, specifically the schizim between the Byzantine and Roman empires, the Ottoman Empire wouldn't have gained a foothold in Europe in the first place. Same issue in the Americas; had the natives not been fighting each other they wouldn't have been displaced. This is an often repeated happenstance; a people divided are easily overcome.
"A house divided can not stand"
@KJJ No. It is not yours.
We are becoming united now. We see the folly of our ways! +++ God wins!
@KJJ A Chinese person? Lecturing about imperialism? Weren’t you the assholes that went to war with and genocide all of your non-Han neighbors up until you signed a treaty with the Russian Empire?
Last I checked, if the Han Chinese really were anti-imperialism, you’d have about 7% of the land you currently own.
You want Australia? Maybe you should finish subjugating East Turkestan and Tibet first, buddy. Too bad the CCP has never actually won a meaningful war against a foreign power. Otherwise I’d actually take you seriously.
Tecumseh created a large native American coalition during the war of 1812 that stretched from Canada to Louisiana
whoever thought of making this I thank you so much
there's another legend about the battle of Petrovaradin. it tells of the treasury that followed the Ottoman army, which supposedly sank in the marshes when the Turks retreated after the defeat. but after seeing this documentary I am inclined to believe that the capable prince Eugene stole that too and falsely reported it missing
I agree with you about this video's "hint."
@@naturegirl8104 thanks. it feels nice to be understood :)
Excellent documentary! Can't wait to see more.
Eternal glory to those who saved the European civilization.
It was only natural that the geniuses of Mozart and Beethoven later flourished in Vienna...
Illuminati cabal.
I have to say that this documentary really fleshed out the character of Prince Eugene of Savoie. My college history text book only mentioned him as a brilliant general who enabled the Austrians to finally block and turn back the centuries long Turkish conquest of Europe. It was also a feast for the eyes and ears of the viewers.
@Абдульзефир I am sorry but I do not understand "which he wasn't though". Do you mean you think he was not a brilliant general or that others should have gotten more credit or that the Turks were not stopped and turned back? I am interested in what you have to say. Thank you, Richard
@Абдульзефир Thank you for your reply. My impression is that part of Turkish success was that their enemies often acted alone. This enabled the Turks to pick off their victims one at a time. This was the same strategy used by their cousins, the Mongols. What saved Austria in the 1680's was the arrival of the Polish king, John Sobieski, and his army of Polish and German knights. The film said that the Habsburgs conquered Hungary which is untrue. They reclaimed Hungary which the Turks had taken from them in 1526. It is true that the Turks did take back Belgrade around 1730. The Turks had been stopped and pushed back in the sense that they never again were able to get as far as Austria and that the Turkish loss of Hungary turned out to be permanent. Turkey did remain a major threat to Europe for generations and the Balkan military situation remained changeable. As at the Battle of Lepanto, the Pope's creation of the Holy League showed that the Turks could be defeated if the threatened Christian states worked together. Prince Eugene's brilliance empowered the Austrians to defend their lands from the Turks. In the long run, it was the growing power of Austria and Russia, coupled with the mutual hatred of Sunni Turks and Shiite Iranians for each other, that eventually stemmed the Turkish aggression that had gone on for centuries.
@Абдульзефир The Turkish and Mongol languages are related. The Habsburg family inherited Hungary in 1526. My point about how the Europeans did not stick together was to point out that they did not stick together. They allowed their neighbors to fall until their turn came. The Polish rescue of Vienna is not the stuff of romance. The surviving citizenry were literally on their last legs when Sobieski arrived. The history of Europe would witness the decline of three powers (the Holy Roman Empire, Poland, and Turkey) and the rise of three other powers ( Austria, Russia, and Prussia).
your college book is right ,
@@richardmorin5967 To defeat the Ottomans, all of Europe had to unite. because in the era of sword and shield, there was no one but Turks to stop Turks.
i love the story of Prince Eugene. this is excellent documentary
Prince Eugene of Savoy was a great and respected patron of the arts, a ruthless military commander and a successful war hero. His life was wonderful whereas Haseki Sultan was also a great and influential woman of the Ottoman court- She was a philanthropist and also a patron of culture.
Who was Haseki Sultan?
@@nni9310 The mother of the Mustafa II, a former greek slave. Haseki (favorites of the Sultan in turn).
@@alimartin3168 Thank you for your post.
@@nni9310 My pleasure. Glad to be part of this.
@sebin Mine? I was a Catholic until the age of 14, then New Age since and I was also part of a Christian church for three years recently but New Age all along but I've followed the Path of Sant Mat right here in the U.S. for the past three decades and it's based in Houston TX. I've always loved and respected the Christian evangelical community but I encountered a lot of jealousy and they pushed me out, it was painful and hurtful. I am a female, my first name is Alison but I shortened it up so yes, it's a Christian name all the way! Greetings
Everyone forgets about it: Italy (or in this case, France/Italy) gave the HRE and the hapsburg empire some genius military commanders that are often depicted as the best of their era. I come from a place where two families, the Rossi and the Lupi, have given such and received titles from non other than Charles V. Come visit them in Soragna and S. Secondo Parmense (really close to each others)
Two things - The Battle of Zenta was huge at the time, whilst the sheer talent available on all sides during the War of the Spanish Succession was incredible;- Marlborough, Eugene, Villars, Berwick and Vendome - rather impressive in my opinion.
Sadly Berwick and Vendome were never sent to command in Flanders. Vendome did exercise joint command in Oudernarde but his co commander the Duke of Burgundy. a royal moron lost him the battle through rank disobedience. Had Vendome commanded alone its is believed he would have swept the field.
Interestingly Vendome and Eugene were first cousins while Berwick was of course Marlborough's nephew. I wonder if Louis's paranoia came into play
@@fiachramaccana280 I agree entirely. Vendome was a very talented general who, sadly, fell foul of people like Saint-Simon. Therefore, he had a "bad press". To me the fascinating fact is that, as he was a legitimated Royal Duke, he was already senior to the Marshalate and to be named as a Marshal of France would be impossible. He, actually, twice asked Louis XIV if he could be made a Marshal, but, each time, Louis pointed out that, if that happened, it would, in fact, be a demotion. In the mid-17th Century, Conde had the same problem, except that he was already secure as a senior member of the Bourbon family. It is amazing how many authors describe Vendome as a Marshal of France, and some actually state the year when he received the (fictitious) honour.
What's the second thing?
During this times Ottoman Empire has weaken due to internal affairs, after the death of King Suleiman, the son who took the throne is useless, the better son has been executed and left the useless son and his decendants...thats the real reason of ottoman empire collapsed
It diminished in power but it only collapsed after WW1. That's a good two centuries later.
If we talk about real historical facts and not some fictitious movie or play , that is definitely not true. The ottomans held military superiority over Europeans as late as 1600s.
If ii
@@Ozymandias1 8nsha
That's the fault of ottoman governance. Many countries have weak leaders at times of crisis. The reason weak leaders had such a huge impact was because their power was absolute this is why places like Britain were able to maintain even under weak kings because they were never really in complete control
Of the seven Generals napoleon held great admiration, Prince Eugene is one of them
Hey, Savoy was not France, it was an independent state, we became French in 1860, sold by the Italians in change of the help Napoleon III gave to Cavour against the Austrians. Eugene was never a subject of the French king!
Did you miss literally the first minute of this video? He was literally brought up in the court of Louis XIV. Just because he moved to Austria doesn’t discount he grew up in the FRENCH COURT OF THE FRENCH KING.
@@garyoak317 I've spent more than half of my life in Spain and I'm not a Spanish subject, I'm French. Wherever you work doesn't matter.
And not only Savoy but also the county of Nizza with a senate
That was what Napoleon III asked to help Italy during the Wars of indipendece till 1861
They were all originally Germanic Peoples anyways.
Not only the Savoy but also the county of Nizza with their own senate... that was the didact from Napoleon III
I love this channel now. I was waiting for this programme to come up. Eagerly waiting for future episodes.
Prince Eugene's Austrian Army joined up with the English Army John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough to inflict a crushing defeat on the Army of Louis XIV of France at Blenheim in 1704.
Before long the seeds of French Revolution were sowed.
Always wanted to know more but never knew where to find it and here it is, on my mobile, incredible!
Outstanding Documentary!
Excellent!
A wonderful biography of Prince Eugene of Savoy.
This was not a normal war. This was not a dispute between ruling classes arguing about trade or who owned what device on a coat of arms. Nor was it about a losing general handing over his sword and his troops receiving honors.
This was a war of survival. Prince Eugene was fighting a brutal and relentless enemy that wanted to conquer and enslave all of Europe.
The narrator failed to note that the Turks had besieged Vienna only a decade before, nearly taking the city before the Polish King Jan Sobiesky arrived to drive them off. In his rush, the Turkish commander left behind his personal collection of one thousand kidnapped German girls that he hoped to sell.
Sometimes an "ancien regime" army had right on its side, and against the Ottomans, Tatars, and Arab pirates attacking Europe, all of them did.
"Prince Eugene was fighting a brutal and relentless enemy that wanted to conquer and enslave all of Europe. "
LOL
The Habsburgs were 3rd rate and the Ottomans were worse.
Louis XIV had a real army (100k well-equipped, uniformed and well led)
The shift in power came after the Spanish were crushed at Rocroix 1643
by the French Duke of Conde.
Louis XIV became king the same year (1643 - 1715) : he started a war of aggression against the whole of Europe, and never fought a battle on French soil.
A Grand Alliance of English, Dutch, Habsburgs and German principalities.
Those armies would have crushed the Ottomans, but were too busy fighting for gains.
Louis XIV actually supported the Turks to deflect the Habsburgs from the Grand Alliance.
The Ottomans were a minor power when Eugene defeated them, then went on to become the sick man of Europe. Propped up to stop Russia gaining access to the Med.
Not "all of europe" as you pretend to portray to add that petty romanticism. Ottomans wanted to conquer entire Mediterranean and peripheries. They didnt give attention to northerly regions(They were BFF allies with Hohenzollern for centuries against Habsburgs, remember)
@@vinm300 And yet the Ancien Regime France couldn't fight the Habsburg Empire on its own despite the supposed superiority and has had to hid itself behind the the Swedes and the Turks like a rat for sometime.
@@skullsforerlikkhansthrone9306 Actually generalissimo of Ottoman Army, Kara Mustafa Pasha at the start of campaign said that "I will conqueror France after I conquered Austria and Germany". He think he can actually conqueror all Europa. Unfortunately for him, he got defeated in his first campaign, losing 80% of army, then he executed 3 months after defeat at Battle of Vienna.
Superb production - this video is a work of Art in itself.
brilliant. enjoyed it
This historical event would make a good TV series Season 7 Outlander :)
Prince Eugen of Savoy was the latter day equivalent of Charles Martel 1,000 years earlier. His developments in the field of military tactics, especially in logistical support were actually adapted from the methods of Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus during the 30 Years War, culminating in the Battle of Breitenfeld. Eugen perfected the methods, including diplomacy. Eugen also demanded that his soldiers be literate. His methods were heavily studied by later military leaders. This included Napoleon Bonaparte, Simon Bolivar, Robert E. Lee,
BS!!........Felipe ii (the second) defeated the Otomans (turks) in the battle of Lepanto.....whatever the ever badmouthers France and England may say.....Juan de Austria his half brother (bastard son of Charles the fifth and Barbara Blomberg) left no doubt as per who the winner was in the battle of Lepanto
Very informative! I read a lot about history, but never really read about Eugen. Thanks!
@@Danneman92 Eugene liked to dress in women's clothes as a young man. His mother was one of 3 beautiful sisters, who all married historical figures. I think she was also mistress to Louis XIV.
That's it :- "Cardinal Mazarin's nieces ", they called the sisters the Mazarinettes.
Maybe I agree about all that, but he also fought very dirty committing genocide and war crimes, and killing children and women and whole cities. Just like he did in Bosnia with Sarajevo. Burned down the whole city from hills and even wrote to people that he will come and kill everyone, not even babies in the womb will be spared. That makes him less of a general than the Ottomans who only went to war against soldiers, and when conquering, they never harmed the citizens, women and children, even if they believe in other Gods.
@@vedorap Cough constantinople cough.
Excellent piece.
Amazing piece of history
Second time I've watched this, and still as entertaining as the first time.😊👍.
The end of video made words of King Solomon ring in my ears: “all was vanity”. Yet was excellent presentation of his life and deeds.
The Armies of JIHAD, always camouflaged as "religion" for a GREAT god JIHAD that would never fight his own wars; defenseless like any other wooden idol eaten by fragile mots...
So, The GREAT difference between France & The Ottomans is that Reasoning Delivers The Soul to Improve Civilization in Peaceful Brotherhood, while The Militarized religion enslaves into a 7th Century's Brainwashed Mindset, to turn humans into The Worst of all Creatures:
The Wild Beast:
666
XEs
A very good video, I had no idea there was such excellent historical material on you tube.
What a brilliant production ! So well researched. Thoroughly enjoyed watching the video.
- I subscribe and like the video in the first seconds.. I dont know the channel, but i think i will love it.. for now i gave a good push by subscribing and like the video in the first seconds,so youtube will think this Video must be damn good!!
- I gave a general view around the Channel and I think its what i like to watch, History's video with at least half an hour long.. so.. thank you very much for sharing and uploading this great material.
Cheers 🍻
Thank you for the great video. The pronunciation of the hungarian words was very good thank you for that too.
The main reason of ottman defeat was the betrayal of murad kiray the ruler of crimen zone who refused to destroy the bridge that the polish troops crossed it so easily to support the austrian army .
Crimen zone ?
@@johnsantini3382 im sorry , i meant
Crimea .
@@johnsantini3382 Crimean Tatars.
@E.u lefty Dictatorship that is the truth .
@@johnsantini3382 kirim, south russia
The Ottoman empire did not start the slippage into decline until around 80 years after the death of Prince Eugene.
Yeah... well the Ottoman decline started with themselves (pretty much as you see the US decline today) Back in day when the Ottomans were at their zenith, the places of power were manned by competent people. The decline set in when they replaced the competent people with relatives and friends of the family that weren't competent at all.... and then they looked up to what they saw in Europe and thought that maybe if they build a palace that was twice the size of the European ones in western style, that that would bring back a golden age..... it takes a little more then just a palace to do that XD
@@stijnvdv2 Don't disagree with any of that. My comment was born of a tiredness with the tendency (as here) to make an inflated or just plain wrong claim in the title, just to get views.
@@stephenl7048 what stijnvdv2 said. Ottoman peak power (I'm not talk only in military terms, but also economic development, technology level etc.) was at peak sometimes in later part of 16. century. Afterwards there was a period of stagnation and slow decline which wasn't visible until second siege of Vienna and loss of Hungary. Ottomans were in a very real threat of being pushed out of the Balkans, but Hapsburgs overextended and hadn't managed to capitalize their military victories fully for a number of reasons.
By that time it was clear that Turkey, altough still a important regional power, wasn't on par with European powers, practically on all levels. And even before this events, in a first half of 17. century, there were signs of economic and technological stagnation, illegal feudalisation of nominally Sultans lands, local rebellions...all of which pointed toward weakening of Porta's authority and general rot inside the empire.
Major Ottoman problem was that it was essentially a predatory ghazi state, as were various predecessor Turkish states since Manzikert, which worked in a particular military frame, but was completely unsuited for stable empire. Even the government lessons of Roman state which incorporated by the way of islamized Greeks were sidelined. It was lumbering, inefficient state that never achieved internal political and institutional stability needed for proper development, and as soon as military conquests stopped, the lack of revenues were shifted unto both unreasonable taxation of Muslim peasants and especially economic exploitation of Christian subjects by the feudal structure which spent a lot for it's social maintenance but wasn't of much value to the state in any meaningful way. Which prompted yet another cycle of social unrest and instability.
Non of these things in itself were exclusive to the Ottoman empire, nor were fatal in themselves, but together they did make for a highly unstable and unadaptable state which would collapse in itself a hundred years earlier then it did without foreign, European support.
No they would be declining after this I'm assuming you said 80 years after because that's when Nicholas I called the Ottomans the sick man of Europe but that was because they had been declining for a century by that point.
A bit unknown in history but, he was man far ahead of his times. Prince Eugene saved Europe.
Have patience Islam will rise again and you will be destroyed
@@historianslair4971 haha Christians reached the moon and mars now super power 2nd is buddhism islam is all bs
indian indian 😆 i saw them i laugh. i dont know why. hahaha moon and mars? more you talk about history more we laugh. go go christian and buddha u can do it🤣🤣
Amazing thanks 👍😃
@Real Royalty - Thanks for the video!! For the viewers who haven't already seen this, there's a great book that takes a macro view of these wars - "The Grand Strategy of the Hapsburg Empire," by A. Wess Mitchell. Prince Eugene of Savoy is prominently featured in it.
"The Grand Strategy of the Hapsburg Empire"
LOL isn't that an oxymoron.
The Habsburgs were desperate for survival from day 1.
They were always dependent on alliances.
During the Grand Alliance against Louis XIV, Britain was sending them £3 million per year.
In the Diplomatic Revolution of 1756, Britain realised the hopelessness of the Habsburgs, and allied with Prussia.
The Habsburgs had to immediately look to France.
Then under Joseph II, looked to Russia.
The Habsburgs were never a power, and certainly never had a Grand strategy.
@@vinm300 Read the book.
God bless Eugene Savoy, the greatest general of his time. There is a gret statue of him in Wienna.
If only Georgia had a brave knight such as Prince Eugene to protect Queen Ketevan who was long tortured and slain by demonic Shah Abbas of Iran as she refused to convert to islam.
shiasm is not islam.
@@AsifSaifuddinAuvipy You are talking like Mazolas.
Thanks for that. I didn't know.
@@AsifSaifuddinAuvipy it embodies Islam's spirit more than whatever the Sunnis are.
Nope! The point was not conversion! It was recreating the greater Iran. Isfehan, and Iran to this day has the largest Christian population aside from Armenia in the region. Georgia was part of the greater Iran for thousands of years, of course. After the invasion of Islam to Iran, they all became the "East". Shah Abbas was not the first king after Abassoid who tried to recreate greater Iran.
Super, update in my history Knowledge on the Ottoman Wars against Europe !
Inspiring!
Soldier: Your grace we have captured hundreds of chests of Ottoman gold
Eugene: Ah excellent. Tens of chests of Ottoman Gold
Soldier: No your grace hundreds
Eugene: I hear you, three chests of gold
later on in his dispatch to the Emperor,
Eugene: Sire we have won a smashing victory but I regret to inform you that zero chests of Ottoman gold have been captured. The fools kept their war chest next to their magazine and it all just happened to blow up.
The spoils of war, and to the victor, belong the spoils.
Wasn't ottomans gold, gold was stolen, they where stilling for centuries .
Ah, well, no general (and CERTAINLY no common soldier!) could count upon a pension from the king, so One did what One HAD to do to provide for Old Age.
At that time you couldn't rely on the gratitude of Princes, get the money and keep it.
Fantastic historical movie !!!
Thanks for creators !!!🙏❤️🙏
Learn history before you say something
Love history and this is great story
According to other sources, Bonneval, due to his brash temperament, quarreled with Ercole Giuseppe Turinetti, Marquis of Priero, Eugenio's representative as governor of Netherlands, who had him imprisoned and brought before a war court. He was once again sentenced to death but the emperor changed the sentence to a year in prison which would be followed by a ban from the empire. Taken to Vienna, deprived of his possessions, he was finally sent prisoner to Venice.
The life of Prince Eugene of Savoy it's part of the history of Italy
@@enricomanno8434 czcams.com/video/iKoBujiJyfc/video.html
As mentioned in other comments, this program should also discuss the role of the Poles under Jan II Sobieski who destroyed Ottoman armies that were in siege of Vienna to the point that they never returned to their former strength, making the remaining work a matter of clean-up. It was this King who destroyed the Ottomans, but somehow he seems to disappear into the less known parts of history.
Spot on friend without him we would be for sure under the dark veil of Islam
@@christophernunn943
I would say it was Poland 🇵🇱 and Spain 🇪🇸 that were the main protagonists in keeping Europe Christian from Vienna to Lepanto to Malta the war raged and the Ottomans went in to a progressive decline until its final demise after WWI.
Was it a reason that the Austians would not a monument of King Jan III Sobieski in Vienne now?
@@1900Krzys Some words are missing after "... the Austrians would not (?????) a monument of King Jan III Sobieski ...". // Best regards.
Polish role during the siege of vienna is overrated. By the time Polish charged, the Habsburgs already broke Ottoman centre and right flank. The Poles just stroke the already retreating Ottoman left and didn't even bother to chase them and let them escape as everyone was busy looting the Ottoman camp. The polish charge is just a meme since they look glorious. The polish did take too much unjust credit for their participation at the siege as if they destroyed the Ottomans themselves, which is hardly even open to discussion..
I had thought that the Ottoman Empire was merely a room packed with funny little chairs.
Excellent.
Oh he did more than assist Marlborough at Blenheim? Jolly good show!
"The Ottoman Empire: An entire empire based on putting your feet up." Seinfeld.
Meaning?
A small footstool in English is called a Ottoman, it’s a joke on the TV series Seinfeld
@@appleslover Wooosh
@@Interdiction LMAO
Thank you. Such a undervalued person in European history.
It is only because he was nobody It was Polish King Jan Sobieski who defeated Ottoman Empire in battle of Vienna. Someone is trying to rewrite history.
@@annawarner1078 That isn’t true. If you look into how many battles he fought. I’m aware primarily the Polish-Lithuanians (also Bavarian, Saxon Hungarian troops) came to aid and fought off the ottomans Turks in the second besieged of Vienna in 1683
Do not forget that it was Jan Sobieski that saved Europe from Ottoman invasion in 1683. He led united forces of Polish and Lithuanian Commonwealth, French, Saxons and Austrians to stop the Muslim siege. Please do not rewrite history 438 years later.
Eugene's other great contribution was ignored in this documentary. That was his collaboration with the Duke of Marlborough in preventing Louis XIV from achieving all his objectives in the War of the Spanish Succession. There was mutual esteem between Marlborough and Eugene which English historians choose to underplay giving all the credit to Marlborough. Princess Diana's brother Charles, Earl Spencer gives Eugene his due in his book on the battle of Blenheim.
@@annawarner1078 history is a team effort. There’s no taking away from what Jan started, but the right people needed to keep the effort going.
Thanks Jan Sobieski we need you today
ERDOGAN - I will revive the ottomans
GREECE - "Say hello to my little friend" RAFALE
Byztantium who destroyed by turks
At the beginning of the docudrama, the implication that both empires were equally the aggressors of in the wars between them made me laugh.
What was the hapsburg empire doing in Spain Netherlands and all over Europe. They were both empire building, and in this time any country that could---always would. No disrespect but when the adversary is different religion or customs they treat it differently when actually they both were the same. Only difference the ottomans were more successful as they had bigger territory
@@bushbush8278 There actually is a huge difference. The Spanish, French, German, and other kingdoms within Christendom were mostly built through trade, partnership, and mutual agreements. War did break out between them, but was not usually due to the expansion of an empire. It was most often due to arguments of right to rule when a monarch died. There were of course exceptions, but it an exception is not the norm. Of course the empires did fight with each other though.
However, the Ottoman Empire was built primarily by war and the sword. There are instances where it was done by peaceful means. But that was the exception rather than the norm. In most cases, these peaceful means were only when not having enough forces to chance a take over. All of the territories that the Empires of Christendom were fighting over against the Ottomans was territory that they had already stolen from Christendom.
It is too common in contemporary history revisionism to pretend that the aggression of every single war was equal on both sides. But this is hardly ever the case. A more recent example: there is a reason why the Germans, in World War II, always fled toward the allies to surrender if they had a choice between them and the Russians. The Allies were known to be more compassionate than the Russians at that time.
@@keithmayhewhammond5357 boy you are as dump as they come.
Let me ask you these questions and answer them truthfully.
1. How did the Baltics became christians? Or the Germanic tribes in the north, or the slaves.
2. Did all these people became christians peacefully or they were forced to?
3. Do you know the history of the teutonic knights or the hospitalers?
@@inamacalin1 I never claimed to be smart, but I at least know how to spell. Perhaps you should do a spell check before posting. I of course have no reason to call you names, because my argument requires no ad-hominem to support it.
I don't think I ever claimed that all of Christendom was spread peacefully. What I did say was that in most cases it was. Meaning that there were exceptions. However, even the exceptions are often misunderstood, but actually a response to ongoing aggression against their people. The Vikings, who were one of the most violent people in Europe at the time, constantly were bringing war against Christian civilization; but eventually their hearts were conquered by Christ - and they became Christian - by seeing the example of Christian love.
As for your question about Christians converting a distinction must be made. No one can be forced into conversion even if conquered by war.
If you are asking me if I know the history of the crusades, I know more than some and less than others. Each crusade has to be judged by its own merit. But generally speaking, the crusades were a defensive response to 400 years of Islamic empire's aggression, as well as to the murdering of Christian pilgrims attempting to visit the Holy Land.
@@keithmayhewhammond5357 My friend, that's the rethoric Western empires used to justify pushing back Islamists and subjugating others in the same or even worse way, depending on points in history. Not all crusades were waged against Muslims, some were pointed at the real Christians, or the Eastern Orthodox as we call them. Some were directed at the Muslims primarily but manifested criminal or even genocidal tendencies against non-Catholics encountered on the way.
Austrian Empire was no different, they championed oppression masked behind false Christianity. When Catholic Slavs couldn't be oppressed on the "infidels" basis, racist theories of sub-humans were developed. Austrians trying to destroy the Osmanli Empire was nothing more than "Drang nach Osten". When their traditional Serbian pawns actually succeeded at it, against all odds, they became the new target. A-H didn't wait as much as a single full year to declare war on Serbia after the Turks were defeated.
Ah, the good old days, when there were far more interesting and numerous ways to die. And very little chocolate.
there is Chocolate at the Store. Dont be Lazy.
I wouldn't want to live in such an unchocolatey world.
! WHAT!?!?!
NO CHOCOLATE!!!
HOW DARE THEY!
The cretins!
As a person who hates chocolate I deeply approve of this message.
I'm sick of men and their wars. 25000 men died in this one battle. This is just one of thousands of wars waged over the lifespan of the human race. You'd think men would finally learn that war doesn't work, and that man's problems will never be solved by killing each other.
Mark this and will listen to it tomorrow.
We owe Austria the first crippling blow to Ottoman Empire. Austria owes Eastern Europeans the resources-material and human-put to very good use into battering the Ottomans.
For far too long European powers struggled into bitter minor wars between themselves, not taking advantage after the great naval battle of Lepanto. Prince Eugene of Savoy was the providential man of his day and age, the first to take it to the Ottomans. Then the Russians, Greeks, Serbians and Romanians moped up the last remnants of the Ottoman scourge. All due respect for our Bulgarian neighbours, but they literally waited the Russian and Romanian invasion of 1877 to be liberated.
Spoken like a true romanian, you know the ones that fought for the Nazis
@@ChanahsCreativeEdits we fought with the Nazis and to judge now with today's perspective why Romania choose Germans it's futile.
We were forced by USSR into war. USSR took a half of a Romanian province(the nowdays so called Republic of Moldova) in June 1940. We merely gave them a reply in kind.
@@ChanahsCreativeEdits we did not fight alongside the Germans because we liked their ideology, far from it.
We were forced by the events.
We turned our arms against Germany on 23rd of August 1944, shortening the war with a few months.
@@silviunastase5571 The Ottoman Empire was so powerful that Austria could not even put an army against the Ottomans for centuries.
Not sure romanians ever ‘moped up’ anyone in their history, let alone ‘the remnants’ of ottoman empire as you’d put it
Interesting and well done, although, as various commenters have pointed out, the title is misleading. A thoroughly remarkable man, both for his profound military abilities and for his great love of beautiful things, especially his palaces. However, the video was an odd yoking of his life to scenes from that of Gulnus, who certainly deserves a video of her life - interesting, but of limited relationship to Eugen's activities. As the focus was on Eugen's battles with the Ottomans, the absence of any reference to his partnership with Marlborough during the War of the Spanish Succession is understandable, although that was a pairing of utmost importance. As for whether Eugen was gay, while the historical evidence is mixed, the probability is that he was . . . although what that has to do with his battles with the Turks is irrelevant. Regarding his acquisitiveness, that was a common trait of all military leaders from ancient history to the present, although Eugen might have been more successful than most. A great man nonetheless.
He never married but Hungarian Countess Eleonore Batthyány-Strattmann, a Viennese court lady and great beauty was his companion for many years. Whether she was just a beard or he was a bisexual who went both ways may never be known. In any event, you are correct that his sexual orientation is irrelevant to his military prowess.
A child who never grew up.....
@@mitskofitzgerald2361 He won, didn't he?
@@rimshot2270 As an answer to your question, please read the following comment I wrote to my friend yesterday. Sorry about my poor English as it is not my native tongue............................
"The other day, I watched a documentary movie on the internet where the Ottoman Empire of Turkey and the Hapsburg Empire of Austria repeatedly fought and deceived each other at the end of the 17th centry.
Both carried out a huge number of massacres. After that, the winner continues to spend his enormous loot for his dazzling luxury. You will be able to see it even now if you visit Vienna.
You can see the same luxury in London and Paris. This was due to the huge wealth gained from buying and selling of slaves, around the same period as the above.
After watching this movie, I cried when I suddenly remembered the words of Nichiren (13th century Japanese Buddhist monk who advocated the social reform based on the fundamental Buddhist principles) who said "Tresures on your person is more precious than the treasures in your warehouse. But treasures in your heart (compassion, kindness, thoughtfulness, etc.) is far more precious than that."
If your heart is instilled with compassion, you cannot commit such atrocities. Same for both allies or foes. With Buddhism, such values had already begun to permeate the samurai society in Japan in the 13th century. Of-course not all of the rulers and politicians had such a mindset, but many must have been aware that continual pursuit of mindless fortune and luxury was a childish endeavour.
Watching this film, I was able to remember the profound grasp of human nature and the compassion of this great monk. The treasures of the heart should be the true fortune of the mankind who are beginning to understand this universal value as the result of countless cruel mistakes made from the lack of empathy, not the advancement of economy and technology or the accumulation of wealth.
By the way, personal treasures include good appearance, scholarship, culture, etc. The treasures of the warehouse also include social status and honours as well as the personal wealth."
@@Vic-vg4fe 貴方の危惧は解らないでもないですが、武家が弱くなったのは宗教のせいではなく、戦の必要性が無くなったからです。武芸よりも精神を磨く重要性が理解され始めたのです。チベットでの状況変化は解りませんが、今、日本が重要視されているのは、海外で技術面やNPOなどで素晴らしい仕事をしておられる精神性の高い日本人が認められ、尊敬されているからでしょう。過去の偉人も見直されています。軍事力で世界を動かす時代は終わろうとしています。良い事じゃないですか。今更、宗教で国や人を動かす必要もないですし、改めて、人々の自由や人間性を重んじる社会を作り上げていきたいと考えている人は世界中に大勢いると思います。それが可能になった時代でもあります。
Good on you for broadening the knowledge of Eugen - he was one of Napoleon’s favourite generals.
Napoleon’s Prince Eugene was Napoleons stepson, Eugene Beauharnais about 100 years later. General and even better ruler of the state he was awarded. Till 1815
@@margarettaft7362 Youbshould read the list of generals Napoleon recommends.
That Mosque was indescribably beautiful, breath taking!
I was more than a little surprised there was no mention of Eugene's friendship and martial collaboration with John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough.
It was the polish king Jan who at the end saved Vienna.
JAN SOBIESKI
Si bajo la sombrilla del catolicismo y preservar la civilización occidental...,viva Polonia en Mexico amamos a POLONIA....nos regaló la (Polka)
Yes, in my view Poland's greatest moment.
@@Rumpelstyltskin odd how what the poles did at the gates of Vienna by force has been circumvented by acquiescence in the last few years by the liberal EU, although Poland, Hungary and Austria held their ground and beliefs....
@@richardmccouch9144 True. The suicide of the West by the Cult of Wokeness.
As a Turk, i think Sobieski's role in Great Turkish war is exaggerated. Turkish army fought 16 years after siege of vienna and almost menaged push back europeans coalition. But There was no equal Commander to Prince Eugen (unfortunatly to Turks few succesfull generals that they had like koprulu fazil Ahmet Pascha were died in battles) so Eugen's battles against Ottoman Empire determined the fate of war. You can look Battle of Zenta, nearly all Turkish army was destroyed. Most of commanders, grand viziers are killed and sultan himself barely withrawn. Battle of Zenta was end of Great Turkish War and Turkish Empire suffered so much from that battle. I think most of europeans romanticizing Sobieski's role in Great Turkish war because of he became sembol in siege of vienna.
But if things were left to sobieski, the Turks would not be easily defeated.
Ottoman Empire was annihilated by King John III Sobieski at Vienna in 1683 There were 438000 of Turks all together there. The battle mentioned above, was a mere play, as compared to the Vienna victory of Sobieski. Ottoman casualties during the siege (17 July - 12 September 1683)
Nah there was 5 zillions Turks…
Anyway it was Germans who did the most of the fighting, Sobieski just arrived to steal the credits.
@@aydnmesuttorun8397 Nah, you're wrong.
lol no dude, there were about 150000 men in ottoman army, they never had such a large army.
Throughout the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire not only helped France moniteraily but kept sending its army and Navy to help them repel the attacks of the Habsburg Empire. According to Afyoncu, in 1533, Suleiman the Magnificent sent 100,000 gold coins to Francis I. With that money, the French king forged strategic alliances with English and German princes.
Almost correct, but basically it was rather the French who attacked the German Empire.
Ottoman was brought down by it's own people and their own mistakes tbh. They were too slow to modernise and too large to control all the areas .
Yess ı absolutely agreed wıth u.. öttöman emp never been bröught döwn by other people.. only theır people and wıng man ıs traıtor.. they abetted theır sultan
Doesn't defeating the fielded armies count as bringing an empire down? Especially when these defeats are not recovered from? Before their defeat at the hands of the Habsburgs in different battles, the Ottomans are considered one of the top, After their defeats, they are brought down further and further down the ranks. Even then, the internal conflict that brought the collapse of the Ottoman empire in the 20th Century is brought by external forces during the 19th and 20th Centuries.
@@ratorboxchannel7958 "öttöman emp never been bröught döwn by other people." Darling, without the British and the French, the Russians would have occupied Constatinpople in 1878.
Please, when you're reading your history, read it from more than one source.
@@DerDop I'm muslim but you are right and I think even before war against Russia where it was helped by British and French. They helped them only for their benifit especially british in Crimean war
@@DerDop yess that ıs rıght.. althought the GBrıtaın also has claımıng cyprus.. after theır ınvolvıng.. the conspıracy between those western ıs expected.. lots of trıck.. whıle the war.. the ınsıde people also lots have traıtor.. turk emp have been through a lot of war n lack of soldıer.. but lots of traıtor.. that’s why ım sayıng otto emp never been brought down except by theır own people.. ım read alot before spoke that somethıng ımportant.. so dear sweetheart.. please read and understandıng the other people words.. read n understandıng properly.. use heart n mınd ,do not use emotıon.. thank you agaın dear
War and battles in ancient times was very brutal, ruthless and cruel it is fought in such a way to fend off the other side it is too bad that Constantinople was never liberated.
we can hope for the future.
@@voxveritas333 One can only hope, good luck fighting Turks with your feminine soldiers.
Prince eugen save not just austria,but europe as well.
How
Good on him!
True indeed!
@@mayaturnnow9110 that so stupid. Why would ottoman want to make europe muslim. If they do that their economy will be destroyed.
@@amei653 europe now became muslim
This was so cool thank you!!!!
Writers need to do homework: Astrologer talks about "Pluto", yeah, right.
Pluto wasn't discovered until some 150 years later.
Still, good production; learned more about Eugene from this video than ten years of living in Vienna.
Astrologer's faux pas reminds me of an Austrian quiz show I saw once. They asked, "What were native American portable dwellings called?"
Contestant answered, "Tee - Pee".
MC said, "Wrong! It is 'wig - wam'."
Apparently they'd got their "facts" educated by Karl May as opposed to reality.
Reminds me of our dear, current - day "fact checkers".
If the powers that be don't want your facts to surface, they will be "checked" and then "cheque mated" as was Eugene's "friend".
They meant the dog. (Ok, Disney was even later.😁 ) Not only that, but Pluto is not a naked eye object and is barely visible to powerful telescopes. It's smaller than our moon, and very, very far away.
They were too tense ('two tents'-geddit).
Did the bars of Vienna not have small libraries and educational videos on Austrian history playing?
Seeing the turmoil in the region after then, one can hardly assume that it was a success! They themselves would have resented it!
You're one of those fancy lads!
czcams.com/video/iKoBujiJyfch/video.htmlttps://czcams.com/video/iKoBujiJyfc/video.html
👍🏻well done sir
The Ottomans definitely had the silliest hats.
@@muratturhan5802 Triggered,If my comment didn't deserve a response why did you respond?
That indeed brought them to demise.
@@ringo688 Fun fact: Ottoman royal & military headgear tended to imitate kitchenware(cauldrons, pots etc.) and cooking ingredients(squash, mushrooms, onions etc.). The entire army title was ordered in a chief & kitchen fashion(like 'çorbacı - soupmaster' for division lieutenants, 'Subaşı - Waterbearer' for sergeants, 'taster' for the units who took care of guns etc.)
The only exception to that rule would be the Janissaries; they wore börks in imitation of Sleeves of Saint Bektash
The best generals are the ones with the engineering skills.
There are neither hills nor coniferous forests for hundreds of kilometres around Zenta. :)
In 46'16 the astrologer speaks of Pluto being in the sixth house. That's strange because Pluto was only discovered in 1930.
Yes, Prince Eugene started the decline of the Ottoman Empire as he was a master general and strategist, but it was the Russian Armies of Peter the Great and Catherine the Great which put the nails into the coffins of the Ottomans and it was the Saudis with the British and Australian Armies, under Allenby and Lawrence during WW1 which ended their Empire. Forget about Gallopi, that was a disaster as was that the British defeat in Iraqi
Yes, the Janissaries did their part in fomenting internal strife within the Empire., but what would you you expect from former Christian converts?
It was kind of an European tag team struggle against them.. Oh, the Spaniards at Lepanto and the Knights Templar did their part and the Polish calvary at Vienna too
Not forgetting the part played too by the camel , ridden by Lawrence, who had his brains blown away by his rider. "Damn, I've missed the battle!!!" exclaimed Lawrence.
Eugene- You're making me deputy to your deputy?
Does anyone get assistant to the regional manager vibes 😂 poor Eugene!
Yes, in the scene with an astrologer, Pluto and Uranus shouldnt have been mentioned. Isnt it?
holy water enemas are big in uranus!
I have no idea what a holy water enema might be but, yes, those planets along with Neptune would only be discovered after, I think, the middle 18th century.
Why it is not mentioned that after the Belgrade victory he entered and liberated Serbia far to the south as well as Bosnia, he came to Sarajevo. But because of, to me unknown reasons, he retreaded back by his own will and let the Ottomans to enter Serbia and Bosnia again.
There is an important point that many people overlook. In the Battle of Slankamen, when the Ottomans were about to defeat the Habsburgs and destroy Eugene's charisma, the grand vizier Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha, who commanded the Ottoman army, was shot in the head and died instantly on the battlefield. Seeing this, the morale of the Ottoman army deteriorated and the army began to disintegrate. At this point luck was on Eugene's side.
Excuses much? Eugene would have humiliated the ottomans with or without they're commander mate. Turks are cowards that never fight their enemies outnembered. When the European powers were having fun with your woman in Anatolia the Italians had to save you from being totally eated alive.
Maybe it's my Anglocentrism showing, and I realise the program has an Eastern focus, but I'm surprised Marlborough never got a mention. Marlborough and Eugene must be one of the most famous and successful combined (i.e. cross-national) teams in the history of warfare.
I actually thought he would feature heavily as well…
That's the way the croissant crumbles.
@@topherthe11th23 Marlborough wasn't involved in the wars with the Ottoman Empire, which admittedly is the focus of the documentary. But Eugene was also the main Austrian commander in Austria's wars against France, and some of the most important battles against France were fought alongside Marlborough: notably Blenheim, Ramilies, Malplaquet. They seem to have cooperated extremely well: it's hard to think of a better team in the history of warfare.
@Nadia Brooks Nobhead!
@@davidbofinger They didnt fight together at Ramillies but Oudenaarde.
I'm not sure if it is fair say prince Eugene brought down the Ottoman empire. It might be better to give that honor to Jan Sobieski the King of Poland back in 1683 during the siege of Vienna!!!
exactly
@@dariuszb7953 That was very crucial moment
@Travis Friedland- Jan Sobieski saved Vienna back in 1683. Trivia- the plans and order of battle of the Ottomans were transmitted to the Polish king by an Ottoman ally-Serban Cantacuzino, Prince of Wallachia. Basically, the Wallachian prince betrayed the Ottomans by not involving his own army into the siege and transmitying critical information to his Christian fellows. This is how Jan Sobieski knew how, where and when to attack the Ottoman camp which led to saving Vienna and Europe.
Or to the coalition of Four Kings who drove them out of Europe (almost entirely) in 1912.
There were several battles that and leaders who, over time, crippled and eventually led to the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. For example, the Battle of Lepanto was critical in preserving much of Southern Europe from the Ottoman fleet's domination. But, in the end, the demise of the Ottoman Empire was the result of the Ottoman Empire's own policies. It never integrated conquered territories into a nationality, and never really tried to do so.
Very good, I wondered about Blenheim and its connection to Eugene.
What a great story!
The Hungarians and the Croatians were fighting the Turkish expansion for 100 years. By the time 1697 came these people were decimated. West were strong because of these people.
Only the Hungarians? :)
The Moldavians, the Vlachs held them for 1 century, you for another 1.I know that you, as a Hungarian don't want to hear this, but this is the truth.
Also, The venetians in the Mediterranean did a hell of a job.
It was teamwork. The biggest vlach or Moldovan victories over the ottomans were always with Hungarian help, especially Szeklers.
"Turkish expansion" is the wrong naming here btw.
At that time, there was no nationalistic view, certainly not in the eyes of Ottoman sultans who deemed themselves as "Sultan of the Roman Empire". In fact, Ottoman dynasty fought against states controlled by Turks more than anything.
Mamluks (Who were slave soldiers to Arabs at first, then became rulers and named the state as "ed-Devletü't Türkiye"), Safavids, Anatolian begliks, caused the slavization of Idil Bulgars, weakened Hungarian state more than anyone (Btw, at that time Hungarians called as Turks- see Holy Crown of Hungary inscriptions and you will see the text on Geza 1 part=Geza 1 faithful kralj of the land of the Turks"
So called "Turkish expansion" somehow only caused the end of Turkic rule all around.
Some of us see Turkey as the last state who gained his freedom from the clamp of Ottoman Dynasty, not the continuum of it.
Hungarians and Serbs-Croats were pretty much fully pro-Ottoman, manning their ranks against austria.
@@skullsforerlikkhansthrone9306 yes. In fact, serb croats were the biggest colaborators of the ottoman empire.
@@DerDop The Vlach's were fighting only in the 1400 hundreds against the Turks. Later they turned to be Turkish vassal's.
Serious flaw: the Imperial forces were seeking to avenge the Siege of Vienna and deter any Ottoman attempt at a 3rd one.
The one where the winged hussars arrived or the one before that?
No, Holy Roman Empire firstly aimed to retake Hungary from Ottoman Empire, when they won 1687 Battle of Mohacz, they planned to capture all Ottoman lands including İstanbul but they repelled from Serbia by Fazıl Mustafa Pasha in 1690, after another 9 years campaigns, they put an end the conflict by treaty of Karlowitz signed in 1699.
Great documentary! 46:02 -- Mars in opposition to Venus; @ 46:16 -- and Pluto in the sixth house -- Uranus & Pluto weren't discovered then
understanding history would help a lot :D loss to King Sobieski at Vienna was the turning point and start of downfall of Ottoman Empire