Quantum computation | Michelle Simmons | TEDxSydney
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- čas přidán 7. 06. 2024
- There is a shift coming in the very nature of computing which is being led by the likes of quantum physicist Michelle Simmons. Michelle wants you to put the binary world of ones and zeros on the shelf for a moment, as she introduces you to the idea of computing with atoms.
Michelle has always wanted to undertake the hardest research in the hardest subject: quantum physics. Her eccentric schooling, coupled with the sudden death of her PhD supervisor means she has spent most of her career teaching herself. Michelle is the Director of Australia's Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology. This year, she and her team announced they had made the first ever single atom transistor. They now sit on the threshold of delivering the first ever quantum computer to the world.
TEDxSydney 2012 took place on Saturday 26 May 2012 at Carriageworks. Tens of thousands of people enjoyed the day: 800 in the theatre, over 1,000 via big screen simulcast in The Forum, many thousands online via CZcams and ABC Big Ideas ... and up to 80,000 tuning in to ABC Radio National.
About TEDx, x = independently organised event
In the spirit of ideas worth spreading, TEDx is a program of local, self-organized events that bring people together to share a TED-like experience. At a TEDx event, TEDTalks video and live speakers combine to spark deep discussion and connection in a small group. These local, self-organized events are branded TEDx, where x = independently organized TED event. The TED Conference provides general guidance for the TEDx program, but individual TEDx events are self-organized.* (*Subject to certain rules and regulations.) - Věda a technologie
why is everyone commenting on her appearance? more respect, this is a scientist, doing her job, and very competently.
interestingvideos4me I think it's a boy/man thing isn't it? Some of them are just taking the p-ss, others really are that basic.....sad, but true. To many of us though, clever = sexy too. The two go together for me. Pretty people in general may be pleasing to the eye, but personally I find it difficult to build a serious relationship with someone who has minimal intellect. They can be perfectly nice to know, goodness knows, we're all different, but the bond/friendship is of a different nature.............a quantum computer could probably work it out.........
MrChoochoo50 The purpose of the quantum computers is completely different. To be honest a normal operation as writing a document on a quantum computer might be even slower then the normal one. The quantum computers are fast only when you use them for calculating things that you need to observe only the end result BUT NOT observing the mid time results. This is because the superposition of an electron exist only when you are not observing it. The superposition is what gives you the possibility of the qbit to exist in the state being both 1 and 0 at the same time.
interestingvideos4me Agree, those who only admire the physical aspect of someone are just so ignorant.
Did she say every atom is unique in some way? That would be incredible
Suddenly everything was so clear that we could see through her/our vision of quantum supercomputers. Good work and thanks for the talk.
For sure the capability of quantum computer is beyond imagination. But it also bring the difficulty of programming a computer to a whole new level.
Love your work, Michelle!!
Thankyou Michelle and good luck to your team, mark
A great explanation of a fascinating subject, by a wonderfully intelligent, and beautiful scientist. Awesome talk.
Simp!
***** She didn't state it well, and you apparently didn't have the time to do a quick Google search to find out what qubits actually do so I'll explain it for you. If you take 2 normal bits, either can be 0 or 1 so they can be 00,01,10,or 11. Notice how many numbers you need to define each state: 2. With 2 qubits, they exist in a superposition of 4 states like the normal bits, but each state also carries with it a probability of measurement when the system is determined. Now notice how many numbers are required to define a 2 qubit system: 4. It requires 4 bits of information to define a system of 2 qubits, while it requires only 2 bits of information to define a classical 2 bit system. The number of classical bits contained in a system of N qubits is 2^N. So if you have 300 classical bits then the number of possible states is 2^300, while 300 qubits contains 2^300 classical bits then giving you 2^2^300 possible states. The math isn't hard, some presenters just don't explain it quite clearly enough.
I like potatoes :)
Thunder Kat Why would you make such an absurd comment without first looking up what a quantum computer is? You obviously have *zero* idea about how RSA encryption works, or how a quantum computer could crack RSA encryption keys using Shor's algorithm. RSA public encryption keys can be cracked by factoring the number into its two prime factors, but RSA keys are usually 1024 or 2048, or even 4096 *bits*. These are such massive numbers that no Von-Neumann computer could possibly factor the number in the lifetime of the universe with any known algorithm. A quantum computer using Shor's algorithm can factor increasingly large numbers in polynomial time, which will bring down the time needed to find a public encryption key's prime factors to a practical length. So no, it's not a "mith."
Red .Rotten fish good for brain :)
This lady is brilliant.
wow that was an amazing presentation!!!
I am sooooo impress by people so smart like her!
Great video, though I would have liked to see more about the implications of quantum computing for future technologies. She showed the marvelous work being done, but undersold its importance.
2022 - photonic quantum computer chip took 36 microseconds to solve a problem that would take supercomputers and algorithms 9,000 years to figure out.
We are rapidly and decisively entering the quantum future thanks to these people. The coming years are years of great change.
mmmm yeah i'll be taking my first QM course this fall so hopefully thatil clear things up, I was thinking of going into a engineering physics program so this is exciting
I think what you mean is nanotechnology in general. She was talking about the computing aspects of quantum/nano technology.
Mind Blowing!
Awesome.
The implications that quantum computing has for engineering simulations is astounding. In many engineering problems, the physical object is represented by breaking it down into small finite elements. Large matrices are assembled based on these elements, and must be solved, however it takes minutes, hours, days, weeks etc to simulate these problems & solve these matrices. With quantum computing, we could for example, provide real-time super-accurate simulations of heat transfer, fluid flow, mechanical and thermomechanical response.
My current Masters research is looking at real-time simulation of thermomechanical response in human tissues (organ tissue during operational procedures). It would break the mould to be able to simply apply brute force to simulation computations.
Makes me think of the hitch-hikers guide, where these aliens build a machine to give them the ultimate answer to life, the universe and everything. But they had a problem as they didnt know how to ask it a meaningful question...
good explanation!
Hey I just wondering coudn't not be possible that the D-wave quamtum computer uses trap atoms in cavities, and thought the physical effect Bose-Einstein condensate it could maket this conglomerate of atoms behave as unit in a macro scale thusmaking superpossion, quamtum linking ,and qubit easier to control due to the low temperatures and the low variables that interviene y such a envioroments.
The real question is... How do you perform some operation on 30 qbits without decoherence mucking up the result?
Yes, this is the beginning of the future, as the lady from the movie eloquently explained, each qubit increase means double computational power. It`s important however, to know that the process in creating qubits is considerbly harder then creating regular bits. A regular bit has 2 states, 0 and 1. A quantum bit has the quantum state, which basically means you have an infinite number of possiblities between 0 and 1. It`s very hard to differentiate all these states. So barriers are needed.
For quantum physics is a adopter of times
What she steps over here is the fact that though, yes quantum computers solve some problems (permutation type ones) extremely well, more classical computation is not as easily solved in quantum superposition as it is with digital states.
Cool. With quantum processors we should eventually be able to achieve some noteworthy things, like run computer simulated universes that are indistinguishable from our own “real” Universe, even complete with simulated minds (books such as On Computer Simulated Universes entertain such concepts). I wonder if we are on the verge of a technological revolution?
What's the difference between this and D-Wave and QuTech? I guess they're working on an atomic scale so I'd like to know how D-Wave generates a qubit.
I don't know much about it but it's something like this. D-Wave's computer does not form fully stable entanglement, it's constantly shifting between quantum states and classical states. Because of this, they are limited to a particular algorithm called Quantum Annealing. It's controversial as to whether this algorithm is even faster than classical computers. Even if it is, the types of tasks you can solve with this algorithm is very limited, and the speed-up is not as dramatic as the exponential growth you'd see in a Universal Quantum Computer. Whilst D-Wave uses quantum effects as part of its operation, including rudimentary entanglement, it is not what we will eventually come to call a Quantum Computer.
Is she saying that that specific phosphorous atom has that fingerprint, and that if we put in a different (but otherwise identical) phosphorous atom, it would have a different fingerprint?
another a ideas is using for quamtum computers is using opto electronics, and teraherz radiation to manipulated, read, and write in qubit, memory storage could be asing to a magentic dense boron base information storage.
Yay Australia! *The complex and subtle problems we face, can only have complex and subtle solutions.* Carl Sagan
Good job 👌
Mechelle 👏
Thanks.
At 7:30 she says, that a computer with 300 qubits is as powerful as all computers in the world together. The Vesuvius already has 512 qubits. Can anyone tell me who is wrong?
It's very good .
Nice introductory talk.......
There's a great deal more to say than she covered in 30 seconds. I loved the talk and she gave a start, but yes, I still would have liked more. For instance, she didn't even mention the machine learning applications.
The universe is a quantum calculation,(?), so the activity all around and in us operates QM. Chemistry is the example of practical QM between the complexity of bio-brains and the non-quantum digital electronics, which implies that the objective of a functioning mechanical device must at least combine similar components to the arrangements in brains, and that means back-engineering biology(?). How's it going?
Can you please expound upon your comment regarding the individuality of the atoms's signature. One would think from a classical atomic model that every sulfur atom would be indistinguishable from one another. ie p = p, n = n, and e = e. m , l , etc
Yes if they are practical!
They will never be fast enough, NEVER!!
we gotta go faster and faster forever!
Thx.
D-wave 2x!! Michelle
holy crap the implications of this are mind boggling, even if they can only be used in high tech labs.
D-Wave's machine is rather different than having 2^512 classical bits, for starters they're not independently addressable qubits. The machine is very specialized, and not able to implement general QC algorithms, instead it implements the quantum adiabatic algorithm specifically. To what degree it is doing this successfully remains a topic of debate, though it seems to be doing something quantum, which is at least a good start.
it's actually 0 volts not negative voltage you apply to the gate :(
sorry for typo mistakes
either to activate ph3 atoms or others... why don't you try to use laser light , since light is a wave & particle at the same time. Or imagine silicone substrate lit up by atomic size laser pulses act as PH3 atoms. in the fabrication process registration markers could be built for laser light input.
I want to be one of the programmers that's going to work on Quantum computers.. it sounds absolutely amazing!
You should then learn computer science at university
Aamir Khalifa That's what I plan to do =p
Also, Nano-Nukes are a silly idea. Not only would a conventional payload do more but the radioactive decay might render some the nanobot's conventional circuitry unusable at random.
Plus,in order for a fission reaction of this type to happen you need more than one unstable isotope. More over, you would need large amounts of evenly applied pressure. They wouldn't be very good nanobots with all of that detonation-payload.
That said, a quantum computer would be an overkill for such an application.
can run crisis?
It looks like quantum computers are a lot closer to practical reality than we thought even when this video was made.
You can already max out crysis by a 3 way sli nvidia titan . and play it in ultra high definition . cheers.
you missed 9:00 ?
Amazing stuff. It's a long time since I studied physics but are not quantum devices much more likely to be effected by cosmic rays that conventional computers? Big burst from the sun and it's goodnight Vienna!
That is why God created error correction
gumenski Error correction that we know of is only for classical computers, because it can either be 1 or 0. Quantum computers can go anywhere in between.
That's why we isolate these computers in huge chambers and cool them down as close to absolute zero as possible.
on and off is a normal computer, on is (1) off is (0) so the lights off or on, now imagine dim, dim is off and on at the same time, its in the middle, so now we could also have brighter and dimmer, so thats (1) on (0) off (01) dim (02) dimmer and (03) brighter
in next hundred years, the size of the quantum computer would be like our laptop sizes or might be table....imagine how nowadays computer size compared with 1980s computers...
How about using grapheme instead of silicon?
Kalrav Srivastava too hard to mass produce
pieluverftw But I think it is going to just flood the market and become a big hit in the near future.
It has a lot of scope in fields like smart phones for various utilities like chips (Not Lays 😜).
Kalrav Srivastava You can basically say that for anything, really.
Graphene is still part of classical computing very good conductor, and we can basically make the clock speed go insane.
Quantum computers appear to have a much wider potential of application, as it can solve problems that classical computing cannot solve efficiently.
Although I agree that the graphene can be a very good next step for improving classical computing, people focus on quantum computing because it helps expand our range of reach instead of improving on what we can already do.
***** Care to explain yourself?
Kalrav Srivastava Good idea. Do it! XD
I can see the scientific uses to quantics computers... but not so much other uses, i mean woul able we to simulate a brain? Or graphics? I mean, till i can understand it is'nt so flexible, but anyway great work!
Whoever develops the first quantum computer and an operations system for it will know all the information in the world
I have always thought of time as size. Size increases and decreases are limitless. Time is not limitless. When a size barrier is broken, then time takes on new rules of existence. It seems obvious to me, but I have never heard anyone talk about. Oh, well, it seems unimportant to me. And isn't computing all about time?
Why don't you use graphene instead of silicon?
vesuvius is 512 qubit but it can only solve very specific types of problems
Personally, I'd like to know how they're working around all those pesky multipositional parts of quantum mechanics like Heisenberg's Uncertainty principle. Seems like that would screw up the computer a bit.
Michio kaku address this in one of his interviews i believe.
5:23 Uh . . . wow.
You can go see how William James Sidis calculated all the possible bus routes in his city using transfer tickets. Enjoy.
She is a one charming lady... I would like to be in her world ;)
All i want for Christmas is 30 qubits. Ive been a good boy this year, and im not being greedy - i only want 30.
دز
ككططزظظ
And that's how Skynet started
If we control quantum physics? I think few physicists would say we controlled classical physics? More we circumvent what we cannot do outright and find alternative ways and means.
The power of quantum computing has to be measured by quantum algorithms and their qbit number requirements instead of the size of the qbit state space size. Factoring 1024 bit numbers with Shor's algorithm requires several THOUSANDS of logical qubits which means several MILLIONS of physical qubits, far more than 30 or 300
@Matthew J Price with a Quantum Computer you can almost do everything from simulating 10 years of existence on this earth in less than 1Pico second, you will be able to store all the electronic data available on earth by the time of writing this which accounts for more than 3 zettabytes in your smartphone, at that time 1 physicist will be able to do some QFT simulations, and biologists will be able to do simulations that if done on today's computers it will take 2 times the age of the universe.
yeah, but where is my single quark transistor? amateurs
It's not like those computers will work in a year or two, it will take decades till they reach their real potential - given they do work as expected after all. And to really get the full potential it will require many people working on those machines.
They can be in four possible states at the same time...
A hypothetical entity called Maxwell's demon was once proposed that could reckon the position and momentum of every particle in the universe--it was done to examine certain philosophical paradoxes. Now we get to see what happens when we can actually build the beast.
I stand corrected.
+Jan Cerny - While being simultaneously uncorrected.
you only need to know the velocity/energy of a particle/group-of-particles/molecules, and nanotech could do it. In fact with groups of molecules it should be possible in the micro-scale...
Luckily they don't user Phosphorus-32 as a QBit otherwise after app. 14 days it's gone, however I do see an interesting business model here as an engineer; I could get rich servicing quantum computers :D So go ahead make these QBits from a radioactive isotope please! But make them very easily servicable as well!
So the money goes to the owner of the Quantum computers that develops API's for FEA, CDF, CRYPT, FFT, general poly variants, Fractals, and provides data and cross matching API's to the data.
Um, computers do not have 1's and 0's.
The ALC unit in every computer is based on boolean logic by necessity because electrical currents either run this way or that; hence, represented by a on or off and by a 1 or 0.
Nothing here is proven. It's just really cool to talk about. Good luck implementing it!
They use 1 and 0 to aboid miss read the information. Analog data could make your hard drive store infinite data but using analog current may get corrupted due to electrical interference.
Yoshihisa Yamamoto
NII
all that sounds amazing....but if we are to enter more and more into this brave new world of advanced computing we need to break a frontier that no science has even touched...and that is human behavior. To blindly produce more advanced toys in an "immature humanity" filled with hackers and greedy jerks is dangerous and simply naive. Despite all this new toys we have right now like tablets, smart phones we have basically the same values since the bronze age. The time has come where technology itself is asking an upgrade from humanity...beyond the "poetry" of religion...truly evolve as a mature, ethical, unified and responsible species.
hackers and greedy jerks. I think you just want to make a point and have it accepted lol. Its hard to believe you took yourself seriously when you wrote that, but something tells me you did
Yes a point has been made...a line drawn... and I think you understood at least part of my message. Have a nice day.
This point is often raised by people on tech videos. It's true. What is also true is that technology is starting to make inroads into the human mind as well, and hopefully can result in the same sort of positive changes to our attitudes and behaviour that it has to the world around us. It may also happen with the same accelerating speed as well.
I think the only thing that matters is, if you dont want to be a part of the risks involved with using new tech, then dont do it. The government didnt let us have cell phones for a long time, but they did eventually. And, today, there is a lot of grief that people go through because of today's cell phones. You dont want that grief? Then dont have one. Or get one that isnt smart. Its perfectly possible to live with a traditional calling/texting cellphone in todays age. But people want smart phones. They want the risks associated. So, if you dont want to be a target for "greedy jerks and hackers", dont get involved with this tech.
Kakunapod is that what you understood of my statement? not to use smartphones?..wow..may be my english needs is not as good as I thought. Let me put it this way amigo; as we speak many CURES (not remedies!) CURES for many diseases are being withheld because is simply not profitable for medical plans ...right now a car that has an extremely efficiency of fuel is not permitted in the US market because is..precisely "too efficient"!!!! How many billions of dollars are being spent on computer virus detention business instead using it for research for the cure of Alzheimer or Cancer?? What I am trying to say is that technology needs another driver...not war nor greed but wisdom in the full sense of the word.
1. different way to represent superposition - with 1 axis able to access 3d space o.O (bad example!?)
2. Her quantum computer is able to solve TSP (faster than a normal PC)? (new algorithm that is able to solve NP problems? I don't believe it --> comparing length of ways that need to be computed by summing up the lengths of part of the path? A quantum computer wouldn't come in handy...)
3. she would share a prime number/a factor of n? (that's like "why use crypto..." or "I'll publish my key!")
4. "So they can decode the information on the other side"? (they encrypt, you decrypt - since you gave them your public key (according to her))
So for someone who knows nothing of quantum mechanics, from someone who does, is this the future?
I don't understand why adding one qbit doubles the whole computational power...
Because a qubit is able to be in a 1 state or 0 state at the same time. One qubit means 2 possible states.
Now with 2 qubits (let's call them 'A' and 'B').... the combinations are A0 B1, A0 B0, A1 B1, A1 B0.... 4 states. If you added another qubit, there would be 6 combinations.
Because the qubits exist in both states simultaneously, you can "run" 4 calculations in the time it takes a classical computer to run 1.
Your example is exactly the same as binary, plus even in binary 3 bits have 8 combinations. So yea thanks but I got the answer from minute physics
Cause in time.. it does not take any time... As they stated the qu bits can exist in two states at one time......... while classical computer will take some time to change their state... so that's where we are using quantum physics even when we still don't know much of things about quantum physics.
They will have to call this transistor the ''ROO'' transistor
What do you mean? I dont understand? University of Waterloo has succeffully evasdrop quantum comminucation at a rate of 100%.
2020 becoming the quantum age.
Well recent studies on graphene have pretty much blown the silicon idea out of the water, wonder where she is now...
What about this
the number three is the only first number on which you can resist, the matter.Three is the first number in quantum technology 3 dimensions... 🤗🤔
She's got some MASSIVE Qubits...
"The opposing party"? What exactly is that party? and how exactly do the opposite party does exactly the same?
And i never said i intend to refer specifically to what was said in the video, i made a comment about the people disliking it, but that were it ends. As for this favor you want, i'm afraid i can't oblige you, since i will "ramble" as much as i want where ever i want regardless of your feelings, in other words - shove it.
Dr use a concave mirror brains up down
It's a privately financed company that created the machine. That's basically the reason. They might have already invested in this project years ago. Now they are the only people willing to pay so much for probably nothing. No university in the world could afford this risk. So only ridiculously rich companies, willing to carry the risk, bought one.
what if somewhere in the future someone finds something greater than quantum computing?
Michelle, please explain the destruction of the entire WTC complex in 2oo1, I dare you!
damn!!!! this tech is a fact but its damn scary!!!
One step closer to the Singularity )
I say I'm 80 and this is the personal qubit computer addon that is connected to some sort of holographic interface used as the "desktop/mouse/keyboard/monitor". qubits of data being holographically transposed in our living rooms making true virtual reality experiences. waddayasay?
The hardware is done. Already.
D-Wave 2 has 512 Q-bits. Lets see that's 2^512=1.3407807929942597099574024998206e+154 !
They are extremely hard to program. Nobody really knows how to do this efficiently, it will take several years until we'll might see first results. Right now we don't even know for sure that they really work as supposed to.