How To River
Vložit
- čas přidán 1. 08. 2024
- CAMPFIRE BLAZE: www.campfireblaze.com/?...
CAMPFIRE BLAZE CONTEST: www.campfiretechnology.com/co...
-----
LINKS:
SCRIPT w/ SOURCES: docs.google.com/document/d/1f...
CORRECTIONS: docs.google.com/document/d/1m...
WORLD ANVIL (affliate): worldanvil.pxf.io/a7WDY
-----
SPECIAL THANKS PATRONS:
A3ulez
Alexander Roper
Andrew P Chehayl
Ben McFarlane
JJ Albrecht
Johan Spaedtke
John Hooyer
Lichen
Nicolás Torres
P'undrak
Patrick Kruse
Reno Lam
Ripta Pasay
Sean M
Slorany
Spencer Brownlee
Terrablae
Usedwashbucket
World Anvil
-----
MUSIC:
Udo Grunewald
IMAGES:
North America Water Divides: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
River Basins of Contiguous US: www.grasshoppergeography.com/
River: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Wadi:commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Mountain Spring:commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Glacier:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Braided Stream:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Okavango River Basin:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Okavango River delta:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Map Of Santa Fe River:oursantaferiver.org/friends-r...
-----
TIMESTAMPS:
00:00 Intro
00:03 Method
01:45 Features
06:43 Lakes
07:17 Maths
08:44 Exotica
10:40 Outro - Campfire Blaze
-----
Thanks for watching everyone. It means a lot. :)
"hanging valleys" sound so mystical
They look mystical as hell too
Yeah, scientific names can be very cool to use for naming fantasy objects
Yeah, look at Lauterbrunnen in Switzerland, it‘s a U-shaped valley with hanging valleys on the side, and it also served as inspiration for Rivendell
Thank you for the idea
I took inspiration from Bastard!!, in which the author took rock bands and musical trivia to his world-build.
There's a band named Kyuss, which has an album called "Welcome to Sky Valley". How come a valley happen in the sky? Let's take this further!
In my world I have a river that disappears down into a cave system but, every year this large ice dam upstream melts and breaks, flooding the whole valley. so sometimes this forest seems like it has no flowing water in it. except for a few days a year where the entire forest is flooded. as a result of this, the village that inhabits this forest is built high off the ground. and has a festival during the flood.
Sounds cool^^
I feel like he should probably talk about how ice dams are gona have an effect, it’s such an inspiration but a lot of people don’t know it exists. In China a section of the yellow river freezes over every winter, flooding the upstream while drying the downstream, truly peculiar indeed.
bro isn't this the plot of ice age 2
@@skyworm8006 oml
@@pierreproudhon9008 indeed
An important note on deltas:
The river's speed will determine how much sediment is deposited. The slower the river, the more sediment will be deposited. Deltas form because on meeting the larger body of water, its speed abruptly slows, and sediment is deposited where the stream slows. So, sediment is deposited at the existing coastline, and the coastline moves out as more sediment is deposited, etc. etc. until you have a fan-shaped protrusion into the body of water. As such, you will almost never see a straight coastline where the delta forms.
@ThfKiller I believe that this may have something to do with the fact that much of the Netherlands' coastlines are made up of reclaimed land, i.e, the land used to be submerged in the sea. Since the coastlines have been moved outwards, the river would already have had a delta formed further upstream.
When a river cuts through a mountain chain you can expect cities to be built as they can be both a mountain pass and a Port city. Viena IS a great example
When drawing rivers on made-up maps, it is useful to remember that they flow perpendicular to elevation contours. Don't have them cutting across your contour lines at weird angles!
So they dont cut straight to elevation levels?At least not always?
@@vaultdude4871 The direction straight downhill is always directly perpendicular to elevation lines - the river flowing downhill will always make a right angle to the elevation contours.
Also streams will make little v or u shaped dents in your elevation contour lines pointed up stream/hill.
Basically the stream eroded out a valley and this means that the elevation line gets bent in the uphill direction.
Also he forgot that a river with little sediment (say draining a lake or rocky bottom/shallow bedrock) can create an inward dent typically creating an estuary. (St. Lawrence River in Canada for an example as obvious as the Nile or Mississippi on a map)
What about a civilization that creates its own rivers?
@@ValkyRiver Canals?
"the evolving paths of a river can lead to interesting territory disputes" Thank you, Artifaxian, for that shot of inspiration! What a fantastic source of friction for the clans in my city state.
I think it is worth pointing out that these sorts of border disputes probably would not occur much (if at all) before the use of GPS and computers to mark where the boundary "should be." Rivers were used as borders because they are hard to cross. Since their flow path changes slowly, the people tend to just move with it since they still can't cross easily.
@@trevorvanderwoerd8915true
Finally what i learned my middle school science class in coming into play
"play" like.. rpg?
@@beaclaster it’s useful now I suppose
look im drawring a map and i stop to look on youtube and BAM artifexican
lol nice
Literally the reason I'm here. Went to resume work on my world map, decided to look up how winds effects climate and down the rabbit hole of this guys channel I went
Here's a fun experiment: Build your topography of clay and sand, then "rain" on it from a watering can and see where your rivers form.
Wouldn't that take a while?
@@PrawnAddiction takes 1-2 minutes max
@@srikrishnarao1094 Very well then
So the bigger the river volume, the shallower that formula assumes the river is. I talked to Edgar during development and he said you can vary the width of the river within an order of magnitude or so. For example the Merrimack River is about 300 meters wide at its mouth but the formula predicts 900 meters. This difference is due to the fact that the river is deeper than expected, being about 5 meters deep
Alot of the depth is determined by the geology of the medium through which the river flows.
For instance a fold or rift may have a hard soft hard band which a river (or glacier) can carve out to make a very deep and skinny channel. Also glaciation basically resets the dirt layer so expect relatively clean water (especially if your draining a lake).
Alternatively deep bedrock can make a situation like the Mississippi or Rhine near their deltas where the onlything the river cares about is loose dirt so it may be extra shallow but wide and meandering.
One thing that should have been mentioned: the way people interact with rivers, with each influencing the other. The area where I live has several good examples:
Over thousands of years, rivers will deposit large amounts of sand and gravel along their flood plains, in addition to silt. These are valuable resources which humans then dig out, creating quarry pits which usually end up becoming small lakes. If you look along the Nene and Great Ouse river valleys in Northamptonshire and Bedfordshire, England, they are lined with hundreds of lakes - abandoned quarries which now as flood protection by absorbing excess water during heavy rain. As added bonuses, they have also become important recreational areas, and refuges for endangered species like water deer.
Human activity can also create much larger lakes intentionally - reservoirs - and these may be the only large bodies of water that exist in some areas so their creation can have a huge effect on the type and variety of wildlife you find in an area. Reservoirs may also change patterns of human habitation. A dormer village that was once a ten minute drive away from a major town or city may find the journey takes an hour or more, so is likely to stop growing.
If a river passes through an area of bog, fen, or saltmarsh (acid, alkaline, and salt wetlands respectively) which people then drain to use as farmland, the river can end up much higher than the surrounding land - several metres in some cases - especially if it had natural levees. Once the Nene and Great Ouse reach northern Cambridgeshire, which was originally fen, they quickly end up several metres higher than the surrounding farmland, which has sunk as it was drained, and mostly lies near or below sea level. There will also be drains - artificial waterways used for drainage - created at the same height as the natural rivers, so that the "horizon" is often the next embanked waterway, whether natural or artificial.
8:51 Question: do rivers always flow down mountains? Answer: no, a minority of rivers flow up mountains.
Technically true, but they do so using the inertia of previously flowing down. That force is too weak to keep them flowing more than a few miles at best. Because of that, it's more common for them to get diverted. That means that most currents flowing upwards are artificial (channels).
Excellent way to spend lunchtime! Rivers will always be the parts of a world I can spend the most time on and still be unsatisfied, so this video is great for me. Thank you!
This is a really good quick summary for Geology 101 students!
Makes me even more fascinated looking at Europes rivers, especially the Main, Rhine and Danube in the Alps. That must be wonderfully weirdly shaped drainage basins
Alternative title: Namai.
If only every geography teacher packed so much INTERESTING information in a single lesson… Dude, I admire you!
For fun I'm programming a world generator which, given a heightmap, will create oceans, rivers, various climates, basic mineral deposits, etc. I'll then create some neural network controlled people with Bronze Age technology, and the availability of resources will depend on the world generation process. Got hung up on rivers, but I think your video might have solved my problem.
Did you ever finish it?
@ElijahDawkins-yb1uc No, but I did have it generate continents, oceans, and lakes, and I simulated erosion. I made a buggy prototype of ocean currents too. The idea there was, along with a wind simulation, to create a sailing simulation.
I also made a tree generator with the idea that when you zoomed in on a given point of the world map it would generate a smaller scale map based on the geography.
I also experimented with making a map where instead of a single rectangular map it was two circular maps simulating the northern and southern hemispheres. I also made a converter to make a map like this out of a square map and used it to make a more accurate map of earth. That way there was no teleporting from the North Pole to the South Pole. A solution I considered is moving off the top of the map on the left side to the corresponding point on the right side, but that meant the distance was greater from east to west than it was going off the top or bottom of the map. The circular map on the other hand was seamless.
But I never finished it, and I've pretty much abandoned it now. It was a fun project though. Maybe I'll get back to it one of these days.
I was googling "oxbow lakes", found the word "billabong" and then came across the "Waltzing Matilda" song. And it's so freaking beautiful (and apparently so famous, why such famous things in other countries just never reach us?). You never know where random worldbuilding terms could get you, and I'm so grateful for that.
8:16
You used the less than symbol ()
correct symbol but at the wrong side of the number
I kind of thought you'd add the complexity of the majority of the rest of the video into your map, rather than just having it be a "river go down"...
I think most of the details explained later on are too small to appear visibly on the map they started out with. You don't really see meanders on a continent scale map, and while that looked smaller, it was probably still too big to see smaller details like deltas
I've legitimately been trying to figure out how rivers work for days now. How does he always know...
research, lots of proper research
Probably atleast 3 to 4 weeks of research per video. And lots of note taking.
The two best places to start this type of research are wikipedia and google earth (also personal experience can be a good starting point). From there everything should just spiral out as new questions keep popping up.
We still don't know where the initial stream appears, the constant source of water. Because if it were just rain falling down, the rivers would exist only for hours or days.
Woohoo!! A regular video! I've wanted this topic covered forever!!
This was way more in depth than I expected it to be. Well done!
This is what Iove with conworld: you get to understand geology in general as you design your world realistically
gotta love a man so clear and concise that closed captions actually work when autogenerated
I audibly yelled 'NO!!' when it didn't open with 'Good Morning Interwebs! Let's world build;' :p
This probably won’t cover the way underground rivers work (which is an important location in the story I’m working on)
Edit: 10:16 Hurray! 🎉 they were mentioned. I guess the ground composition could be usefull then. Even the short mentioning gave some terms to research further
Karst landscapes are fascinating.
Watch the whole video first
@@_yellow That’s the second part of my comment.
Why did you preemptively comment this...?
@@lilyfm7152 because I wanted to :)
As foretold in the ancient texts; The creator returneth!
(good to see you back)
The thing is, the people in his fantasy world actually do see him as the creator... because he is the creator of that world.
Watching this is so much more fun than election results!
The timing of this video is uncanny, I was just the other day realizing I don't know anywhere near enough about where to place rivers on my map. Thanks for producing quality content!
This might as well have been marketed directly at a demographic of me because it's everything I look for in both an educational video and a worldbuilding one. Great graphics! Entertaining script! Wonderful title! Engaging narration! Making fictional worlds by understanding just enough about how our own world works to apply it in a creative context! I've been a Patreon for well over a year now and I have been blown away by the content you've made in that time. Well worthwhile, for sure.
There’s a magical river in my setting that has superfluidity- if you drop a rock in it, the ripples will bounce back and forth indefinitely. And it flows uphill in some parts.
Dude, your channel is a goldmine. I have learned more about how rivers work in 3 minutes than I ever even knew existed.
Thanks for the quality content.
I NEEDED THIS. You always deliver on time. First with the ore video and now this!
Awesome to see a shoutout for the Santa Fe River! I grew up right near by and have been to O'Leno quite a few times. Always thought it was a really cool aspect of our local geography!
You have no idea how excited I am to see you talk about meander geometry! I did my senior project in college on meander geometry. An interesting thing about the radius of curvature to channel width ratio being the same in rivers is that it doesn't matter what material/setting the river is in --- it holds true for rivers in tropical locations, temperate, bedrock, permafrost, and even straight ice (though the bedrock and ice ones have more variance than the others). This is due to fluid dynamics being the primary driver of that meander (which we still don't fully have figured out). The initial study done on this was in the 60s but since it was all done by physical river survey, it was heavily biased towards temperate European and US rivers. I used satellite images to measure meanders in different settings around the world and confirmed that the original findings were still sound.
Ooooh ! 😍
Also I hope one day you get to make videos about Auroras that would be so great ❤❤
you cant imagine how much glee the phrase "riverine exotica" brought me, i need more river content in my life to make up for how little information there is online about dujiangyan
Hey, great video man, but just wanted to point out that, counterintuitively, a river gets faster the further downstream it gets, and not the other way around!
It gets faster because volume is added, and less of the water's force is used to overcome friction due to a lower percentage of contact.
Not that counterintuitive if you consider potential and kinetic energy.
@@ragnkja very true, combined with the smoother surface downstream, it really isn’t that confusing but the first time I came across it I thought the river was faster upstream due to the more turbulent flow, hence why I said it’s counterintuitive 😅
I think that gaining rivers would probably speed up and losing rivers would probably slow down. I don't know anything about rivers, though, that's just what seems intuitive to me.
@@isabela8214
Even losing rivers gain kinetic energy as they lose altitude and therefore potential energy.
This video was just about perfectly timed for me. I've been working on a map for my project and, although I'd already drawn in some rivers, I wasn't super happy with them. This is super helpful, thanks!
I love that I decided to return to working on my fantasy world after a long time and I stumble across your videos. These are bringing back so many memories of GCSE geography, only now I find it super useful as well as interesting !!!
Idk how I got recommended your videos because the most world building I've done is making up entire cities on the go for my really scuffed dnd campaigns but these videos are well made and fun to watch so I guess I'm staying
I was waiting a long time for you to upload such a video. I've been having a lot of trouble putting rivers on my map because the only knowledge I was going by was rivers flowing down areas of higher elevation to lower elevation, and that they never split apart. No indication of what side of a mountain the river should flow down, no indication of how wide or what shape the rivers should be, etc until now. Thank you so much ^^
I feel like these are more educational videos than anything else, because holy ---- the detail in explanations is insane
Well you just give me the casus belli I needed to continue my story, Thanks for the "Abandoned meander war". Ah, those riverside fertile flat lands, always causing troubles
Holy crap. That formula is a godsend. I've been trying to find something like that for *years*. Thank you so much.
I never knew I wanted to know how to river! Awesome work!!!
2:39 "I like your funny words,. magic man!"
BUT EDGAR! What about biforcation???
I'm mostly joking, though that could be interesting to look at.
Check out the Casiquiare River, which is one of the largest bifurcations in the world. It siphons some water from the upper sections of the Orinoco River into the Rio Negro, a tributary of the Amazon. Research suggests that this is not a stable condition, but is instead a step in the process of *stream capture*, where eventually that entire section of the Orinoco will be diverted into the Amazon.
This was a really good video explaining how rivers form and the effects they have on the environment, but I do have some questions about how human cultures would interact with them. First, you mentioned in the video how rivers in drier environments tend to dry up during part of the year. Does this always happen, or will larger rivers (the Nile comes to mind) keep flowing throughout the year and only change in volume? If they do dry up during part of the year, how do the major cultures around these rivers adapt? Second, I know that a lot of work nowadays is put into maintaining a river's course and making sure it does not move. How often was that done in the past? How do changes in river courses affect structures built around them (bridges for example)? Also, how common were bridges in the past, given how rivers move? I would appreciate any information on this.
Can you discuss the geography/geology/etc of a world with floating islands?
Like.... It has otherwise normal laws of physics, but there's just bunch of islands magically levitating in the sky
this is more a morphology lesson than a mapmaking lesson and i love it
Finally, some part of my worldbuilding I was doing by intuition and getting pretty much right! I still can take some new ideas from this though. Everything I have done seems to pass your sanity checking, but there are a lot of neat features I didn't use because I hadn't heard of them or had forgotten about them.
Making plausible geography that is nonetheless interesting and memorable and has a "wow" factor to it makes me realize just how cool Slartibartfast's job really is.
I've learned so much today. Thank you!
Nice! I used so many of your videos to create my fantasy world for my novel. Great help
dude, ive never seen content like this on youtube before. fantastic work!
Thank you! I've been looking for a video on this for the past couple weeks!
Am I the only one who watches this Channel who is Not interested in building a world myself, but simply in the knowledge He Provides about our universe?
That certainly was another highly informative video from I have been looking into that very subject recently..U R Da Man !
Good to have you back
Many equatorial rainforests have seasonal rains that cause rivers to flood in the wet season; leaving behind small isolated lakes along the river when it recedes in the drier season.
The Santa Fe river also has a massive cave/spring system and best campgrounds anywhere, Ginnie Springs.
endorheic basins seem like something that could make an interesting focal point for a setting. i imagine you could have one someplace fairly rainy that accumulates water faster than it evaporaes and floods periodically.
Honestly this is incredibly simplistic
Don't know how I got here or why CZcams thought I needed this video but I was entertained 👍
Amazing video! I've enjoyed every bit
Much-needed! Good stuff
I hadn’t really thought how meandering Rivers will affect borders before. Interesting how some disputes may have been caused my natural erosion
Today I found a good channel, that's you brother, thx for the good work!
just finished your worldbuild series binge, and now another? u gonna kill me haha 😂
This is exactly what I needed. Thank you so much.
This channel is a seriously good study material for science subjects! I can totally see some university professors pulling this out for self-study.
This is literally such a high level of information for free it’s crazy
You have SAVED my life sir.
So cool! You are always so helpful.
Wow. I was pleasantly surprised by this video! It had so much more information that I expected, and I learned a lot of cool facts. Well done, sir
You know this is some great timing because we covered rivers in my Earth Systems class not a few weeks ago.
A lot rivers that come off highlands can have wide braided streams then drop into a river canyon. Not mention some rivers are mostly stuck in canyons till a small delta region. Then there’s rivers that have large middle areas before it goes into hilled descent. River do many things and don’t follow all the rules have rivers fall off the land into the sea but rivers don’t have major splits and don’t go up hill.
You can also have salty lakes in desert regions. If you think of the Great Salt Lake, it's a large lake in a desert region where rivers flow in, but no rivers flow out. There are salt marshes along the coast of the lake as well. Also it would be important to establish the age of the lake as an older salty lake will get a salt content high enough that fish in the lake will not be able to survive nor will plant life in or near the lake.
I'm really glad to see regular uploads again :) the review series is cool though, don't get me wrong
eyyyy been waiting on this for so long
Should be noted that sometimes the underground river never re-emerges.
The devils kettle is one such. The water goes down and no-one has any idea where it comes out. We have dropped a whole lot of random stuff down it to try and find out where it goes and none of it has re-emerged anywhere we can reliably track: or more accurately, anywhere at all.
this taught me more about river formations than school
thank you for this helpful video ! keep it up man !
this is so helpful, thanks a lot! I was hoping you'd do a video on rivers at some point
Why wasn’t this in my public school education?? This is actually interesting and anchors a lot of important topics together
Fun fact, behavior like the cuspate delta (if I'm using the term right) is why Louisiana has a "spur" sticking out of it where the Mississippi empties into the Gulf of Mexico. The spur is relatively recent, as well.
I believe Campfire and World Anvil owes the majority of their customers to Artifexian and Biblaridion
Dracea has just two rivers that cross the country within their smaller streams. We are pretty arid in our state-roleplay
Did not expect to see the Santa Fe River on an Artifexian video. It’s not far from my home 😲
I am going to have a lot of fun with this
Awesome video again!
Could you do one about mountainous climate? And maybe one on swamps/marshes/etc.?
Thank you for you fantastic work!
Great video as always, thank you!! Hope you're doing well!
Another cool thing you could do with rivers if it is designed near where tropical cyclones can occur and it flows against how rivers usually flow in their hemispheres (ex: the Mississippi River) if a hard enough cyclone hits it you could have it flow backwards and maybe the locals near those events could have influence on the local culture of that area and/or maybe the religion of sed locals
Artifex, the coolest Geography teacher
IM SO Early, and just when i needed
Why do I love geography this much
I wish I had a class 'Worldbuilder 101' with this guy earlier. Now I have, and i'm happy!
Oxbow lakes are also called billabongs, especially in Australia.