Raphael Bousso - The Physics of Eternity
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- čas přidán 17. 11. 2022
- 'Eternity'-time that goes on and on and does not end-used to be the province of philosophy, even theology, with no real evidence. But now cosmologists are using astounding observations and new fundamental theories to project what will happen to our universe in 10^100 years - that's a number with one hundred zeros. And then there's other possible universes too.
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Raphael Bousso is a theoretical physicist and string theorist. He is a professor at Department of Physics, UC Berkeley. He is known for the proposal of Bousso's holographic bound, also known as the covariant entropy bound.
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In a world where everybody is so sure they are right it's always refreshing to hear scientists at the top of their game admitting what they do not know about their field of expertise. And that's what I love about the scientific process, it's innate fallibility and wonderful ignorance that allows it to probe the unimaginable and at the same time underpin everything that just works around us.
*"In a world where everybody is so sure they are right it's always refreshing to hear scientists at the top of their game admitting what they do not know about their field of expertise."*
... Those who _think_ they know everything anger people like me who really do. 🙂
@@0-by-1_Publishing_LLC *"Those who think they know everything really anger people like me who really do."*
Cue Cosmin ...
@@johnyharris *"Cue Cosmin ..."*
... Right on cue! Obviously you have magical powers I didn't know about.
@@0-by-1_Publishing_LLC *"Obviously you have magical powers I didn't know about."*
Yeah, it's so much fun! Lets see if it works again ...
Cue Cosmin ...
These morons don't even know TIME does not exist. It is simply a human construct, plus the host is wearing a silicon mask. You people are dreadfully un observant.
"Eternity is a long time, especially near the end". Woody Allen
@Chet Senior lol
“To see a World in a Grain of Sand And a Heaven in a Wild Flower, Hold Infinity in the palm of your hand And Eternity in an hour.”
William Blake.
👍🍷♥️♾️1️⃣🎵
“Eternity is in love with the products of time.” That is romanticism. Personally, from my point of view as one of the products of time, I’m not in love with eternity. I prefer infinity… slightly more manageable.
@@Jalcolm1 The products are in love with eternity as being those to manifest Soul's demands. At the end you only reach as far as you could reach. Then you have the chance to re-do it again, to the (next) end. Till Eternity. The Truth is In you to discover. It is Uni-verse, Uni-versal, but its manifestation depends on you and your abilities to ascend and reach. Words have the magic of manifesting once the speaker (thinker) syncs with the meaning. I prefer Aether-nity, vs. In-FinitY.
Just Keep Walking, Friend. It might take Eternity to start Living.... for a Day. 🍷🎵♥️♾️1️⃣
Some are born to sweet delight/And some are born to endless night
We don't know would be a more honest and useful answer.
the only way its endless is if it had no start. If it has a start it ALWAYS has a number no matter how large.
It could also have infinite starts with different graphics.
It might be endless in the direction of the future, infinite in the growth, but it might have "end" in the form of starting point, somwhere in the direction of the past.
Just like numbers, You are starting from zero ("end point" in the past) but You can still count to the infinity.
Maybe it is not endless right now, but it is on its way to infinity.
Funny, that was my first thought listening to this.
and the simple fact is that indeed it did not have a start.... infinity in - all - directions,....why is that so frigging difficult for the human mind to comprehend..... always existed, always will.....
This was a beautiful conversation. Humble and frank.
Indeed
Robert Jastrow was an interesting astronomer. In his book, God and the Astronomers, Robert Jastrow discussed the scientific discoveries that bring science into agreement or conflict with religion. Good read for the layman. He looked at the evidence for, as well as against the Big Bang theory, which argues that the Universe exploded into being. He said in general terms, the scientific story emerging, it sounded like the Creation narrative in Genesis. He explained the evidence for the mysterious Anthropic Principle, which asserts that the Universe was designed for mankind to live in. He examined these issues from the Catholic, Protestant and Jewish viewpoints.
My own take on this is I don't think mystery ever ends. Reality is like a Russian Matryoshka doll that never ends. That will be, one of the essential questions in the future. Does mystery end? If we humans find depth of reality never ends, we'll have to conclude mystery is eternal. That's the basis of religion, the feeling that reality is unknowable, past a certain point. However: If we eventually are able to figure out how everything works, why it does, where it came from in a way that takes away all mystery, then the questions behind religion may end. That seems unlikely to me. But, I could be wrong.
The arrow of time points forward in time because of the wave function collapse. Because causality has a speed limit every point in space sees itself as the closest to the present moment. When we look out into the universe, we see the past which is made of particles (GR). When we try to look at smaller and smaller sizes and distances, we are actually looking closer and closer to the present moment (QM). The wave property of particles appears when we start looking into the future of that particle. It is a probability wave because the future is probabilistic. Wave function collapse happens when we bring a particle into the present/past.
@@edwardtutman196 I am only saying we because we are the ones who are doing the measurements. Because we are capable of taking these measurements we are able to perceive the flow of time. But wave function collapse happens every time a particle interacts with another particle anywhere in the universe. We are not special in anyway.
@@edwardtutman196 Change
I thought time has direction cause entropy increases? Wave collapses sounds right too.
The wave function in quantum mechanics has nothing to do with predicting the future. It describes the probability of a particles position at any given moment in the present.
In the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, observation 'collapses' the wave function because its position is no longer a probability distribution.
It's also _not_ true that all particle interactions cause wave function collapse but you are correct that it observation by a conscious observer isn't required; we know that the force of gravity can cause the wave function to collapse for example.
There is no "wave function collapse".
Wave function is only a MODEL.
Only time will tell.
The closest we come to eternity in time is the present moment.
@@cosminvisan520 the ego's motto is "seek but do not find". Identify with the ego and you will constantly search outside yourself for what can only be found within.
Or waiting in line behind the woman with coupons.
@@cosminvisan520 No. You are a god.
@@AdamosDad No. YOU are god!
@@Anthony-hu3rj Jesus answered them, “Is it not written in your Law, ‘I have said you are “gods"’?◄ John 10:34
Interesting comment about probabilities.
'Nothing is the opposite of something.'- Alfred Einstein
Nothing is not the opposite of something, but a part of it. ~Khalid Masood
Infinity and absolute infinity for large scale design of the universe model
What is the Universe expanding into? What is left if the Universe contract?
Many times I hear people express considerable unease about our physical dimensions in relation to the cosmos. Not to appear unsympathetic, but I don't understand the concern. To me, infinity and eternity - which I'm totally convinced are 'reality' - are (infinitely) awesome :)
@Chet Senior My reality, yes. No maybe about it.
If you consider probability, then the notion of "eternal" and "now" becomes very fuzzy.
@@andregomesdasilva Interesting that you mention that. Decades ago, someone asked me what I found most deeply intriguing about the cosmos. On that occasion, from the many contenders, I pulled "probability" out of the hat. In the years since, it's remained no less intriguing.
As long as something exists and remains in motion or experiences change, ... then time will also be present.
@@cosminvisan520 Immeadietly it comes to mind that theres no difference between passage of time but things are not in motion versus time stopping and motion ceases.
@@cosminvisan520 Riiight..
Depends on how you define time
@@nettewilson5926 *"Depends on how you define time"*
... That's how I define it.
These comments are amazing ... every commenter gives a different definition of time. Fact is that nobody knows what time really is. Fact is that it doesn't appear in the fundamental quantum mechanics equations, so where does it come from ?
I feel like I'm watching two spiders sitting inside of a Boeing 747 and discussing what are these strange vibrations and how big is the world they live in. No disrespect.
Good analogy.
maybe time extend infinitely in past, and space extend infinitely in future?
This gets more hilarious every year.
More hilarious for some and more interesting for others, it's all relative
He does not explain how time can come to an end
could low entropy at start of universe say something about anything before universe, such as time?
Look up: Roger Penrose Universe really begin
As spatial conceptualization exists in higher dimensions, time must also. But if something can exist beyond (or without) time, it's beyond my ken.
Could it be that the universe is constantly breathing? What I mean is at the point of the big bang if that's what started it , it spreads out over billions of years and then some how it starts to pull back in again over billions of years and is crushed down into the singularity again only to once again another big bang happens, and this goes on and on in that way we would ( or at least the universe would) be an eternity, Any thoughts anyone?
Well ya it’s pulsating
Time = Imperfection, Imperfection = Change. It's directly linked to the physical universe. The very nature of matter is imperfect due to the fact[s] that 'physics' is in a constant state of change. Those changes introduce time. Thus physics & time are intimately and essentially connected.
‘It’s only going to seem like an eternity’
Elaine from Seinfeld
Another great video. Thanks! I wonder, however, whether Everything else in the Universe is emergent From Time? Has any particle ever existed Before Time? No. Time is the one FUNDAMENTAL, always and Already there as anything else pops into existence. Time is waiting.
Eternity, & infinity is a concept that cannot be proven.
The world is made of Magic!. If ever in doubt of this, Dmt Will instantly prove it.
My name proves it in anagram
Daniel Hazelton Waters
All zen ET he own a TARDIS
All zen DrWho set a net A.I.
He notarize Dan's wallet
A all wonder zenith seat
She tantalize lore dawn
Owned altar zenith seal
Realized who lent Satan
What exactly do you mean by "magic"?
Haha I've gotten close to breaking through but haven't fully yet! It's intense stuff, going to try again soon though. Is it worth it? I've had ego deaths on mushrooms/acid, not always happy with the information I get lol
_If time and space break down, what replaces them?_ Good question.
Personally, I am quite persuaded by the idea of spacetime. It would be difficult to explain the relativity of time (which has been well tested) if space and time were independent. And the implication of spacetime is something like the 'block universe' where nothing ever changes. Time is really just a spatial dimension (albeit different to the other three spatial dimensions) and the universe is 'tenseless'.
Is it just me or is this guy basically saying "it could be like this or like that or some other way, it depends on this and that and something else, nobody really knows much about any of it."
Time is a measurement. There is either existence, or no existence.
what would it take to reverse cosmological constant expansion of universe?
If the visible universe is not repeating infinite loop of collapses, there has to be more materia further out, because otherwise there would had to be a miracle in the beginning i.e. something came out from nothing(try to imagine the process of that & you will see the same thing). Note that is the amount of materia infinite cant never been proven, because one can never observe e infinity i.e. the possibility for limited amount of materia in a infinite space is unknown.
The Creators experiment in perpetual motion must maintain a continuous storyline.
Could it be layers of time such as our universe has a separate time within a multi-verse , it lives and dies, but outside of the dimension times goes on. The paradox of time “
Just because we need to stop time for the purpose of analysis doesn't mean time has to stop. Does time have any meaning after the heat death of the universe?
I think the limits to our cognition will deter us from really understanding the Uniy intrinsically. AI will have no problem solving the hardest problems.
I was sitting outside yesterday. I saw a a beetle walking by. I crouched down and watched it walk.
The very definition of time must be a statement that incorporates all real truths regarding time: T or F.
That which hasn't an attribute doesn't exist. Might ask, what attribute does time have?
Is time actually bound to space -- or is a physical object bound to space, thus there is measure; time?
I can't grasp my mind around the Planck time limit, 5,39x10^-44 s. So, basically, time can't last shorter than that.
But, if we want to be passing through time from 0 to n seconds, we'd have to passing through shorter than Planck Time lenghts of time, for otherwise it wouldn't add up.
Am I on a weird track here? What would be the minimum time span for the present moment to exist? A Planck time? A second, three seconds?
How can we pass something which is undividable? Are we really passing it, or are we living in the same Planck Time for eternity at some level?
Time isn't real. It's a construct of this 3D reality we exist in. The higher dimensional version of us exists without time. So yes you are correct, we are living in an infinite now.
Forst, Planck's time is theoretical. It's not proved real.
Second, if real, then you simply don't pass though something that cannot be further divided. You jump.
It's not so strange, every atom has quantum "space" property. Either the eleton is in a state of energy, or another. Never between.
@@andregomesdasilva thanks! but this would deem our reality binary at some level and therefore superdeterministic?
Roger Penrose theoreme and ideas are pointing out the universe cycle= no big bang whatsover but inception then expansion again and again.
It’s just one damn Plank Time after another.
If you believe please look at a 2 minute video "spiritual hippos" it's so special.
yes universe is eternal, human is not unless our conscience existed before we were born
Sir Roger Penrose CCC theory.
I wish Roger could live for another 50+ years. His ideas are simply amazing
CCC that for me seems the most believable theory of the future. An infinite series of Eons, where no information can pass from Eon to the next.
@@johnayres2303 Explain what happens after the heat death of a universe that leads to a new one. Penrose is incoherent on that.
@@20july1944 When the last black hole evaporates there is gonna be only photons left which don't age because not experiencing time and also not experiencing distance. From their perspective in some sense that phase is the same phase as before the big bang like nothing happened between and a new cycle begins.
If eternity exists, everyone possible will be born at some point.
You can’t be born. You are the observed, not the observer.
@@bitkurd I would say you are the observer, not the observed.
I would say you're both right.
EXACTLY ……and born again infinitely
Eternity and Infinity are concepts outside of humans' understanding.
Time does not exist in reality.
The imagined individual must imagine time and free will to imagine that the concept of the individual is real.
Us engineers in Signals and Systems sum up signals from minus infinite time to plus infinite time every day.
can entropy increase infinitely? and if so, can entropy decrease infinitely?
No, Entropy does not increase indefinitely, it will increase only to the point of thermodynamic equilibrium.
I can’t wrap my head around the concept of no time. Is it the same thing as no awareness?
Awareness is a human thing. Or a life thing. Time has nothing to do with life on its core.
So, no.
Can’t even imagine eternity
On the other hand I can't imagine the alternative.
The alternative is much worse
@@chrisgarret3285 very true.. I struggle deeply with the fear of eternity.. But the thought of the ceasing of existence and the end of consciousness - THAT terrifies me to no end
Can you imagine absolutely nothing? You can explain eternity, you cannot explain nothing. Eternity is difficult to comprehend but isn't a paradox like nothing.
@@Count_Bleck exactly
Imagine a steel ball the size of Earth visited once each year by a hummingbird, he brushes his wing against the Earth each year and when he has polished it down to the size of a basketball, eternity will have just begun.
No discussion of this is complete without mentioning Bolzmann brains and the scale of time they require. A bolzmann brain is a complex structure, of a conscious brain, that just appears out of quantum fluctuations, and the amount of time it requires to appear is on the level of 10^(10^40). You'll notice I didn't include any units with that number. That's because the units don't matter, because the difference between seconds and centuries is only 9 or 10 more or less zeros, and what are 9 or 10 zeros when you have 10^40 zeros already. But if time NEVER comes to an end, then MOST thinking entities that will ever exist, would be expected to be Bolzmann brains, because though each one takes a LONG time to happen by random luck, with an infinite amount of time and infinite number of opportunities for it to happen, it will happen an infinite number of times even within a finite volume of space, while only a finite number of lives will occur in that finite volume of space before the heat death of the universe. That it would be expected that Bolzmann brains would drastically outnumber normal natural life forms with actual histories and backstories. Susskind talks all about this at length in his video "Why is time a one way street" which you should definitely watch, if you're reading this.
🤔…..”eternity” is unfathomable to me, and perhaps to many other people as well. Is “time” a real thing?….or maybe it’s a ‘dimension’ we can only partially perceive?
Didn’t someone say or write something a very long time ago along the lines of: “I am the alpha and the omega, the first and the last, the beginning, and the end.” (?)
…..fascinating statement by some ancient person, or entity, or dimension, no doubt.
Eternity is Not physical,
Eternity is the living behind the physics,
all physics is Motion,
Eternity is Not Motion,
so, the Motion is the property of Eternity.
It doesn’t make sense to talk about relative positions in time axis when you are considering an infinite amount of time. All positions are equivalent regarding the future, since there is no end. So it is not especial to be in the point 13.7 billion. And how something infinite can have a beginning? That sounds weird to me. If it is infinite should be in both directions, like numbers. 0 is a beginning just if someone decides so, forgetting for convenience all negatives.
Time is an emergent thing in a way of giving rise to life in a way of living because that which is alive must move in order to live and so time became realised in a way of evolution
Every delta T the virtual reality rendering engine moves the simulation forward one frame. Why the speed of light is a constant regardless of the speed of the source, it can only move one pixel per unit of time or else it would teleporting. Time and resolution create the universe speed limit.
Learn to meditate and experience yourself as a consciousness in darkness not focusing on the data stream that represents this virtual reality and you will see what we experience is a data stream we interact with. One frame rate at a time.
Access your past life memories, etc. It's all stored in the databases..
Welcome to entity school. Your purpose is to gain experience and lower your entropy as a being.
There’s no way that time can be emergent. To be emergent implies a sequence of states that do not exist at the same time. Thus time must have already existed. In other words how do you go from the state of no time to the state of time if time does not exist?
If time can go infinitely far into the future then it must also go infinitely far into the past.
In a hundred years, it won’t matter.
Infinite precision or exactness is impossible and so there is change. In nature, states cannot repeat with perfect exactitude.
Certainly change or process is eternal. A situation could be considered as unchanging. As always, it is purely relative. In so far as time is a measure of change, then time is eternal.
Qualia is an instance of process or interactions in the brain necessitating change. The interaction IS the reality.
Nothing exists in an absolute sense. It is about patterns of change in a purely abstract sense. Difficult to comprehend because we are in and part of the process.
@@cosminvisan520 Consciousness is about patterns of change and is not absolute.
Can you give the example in theoretical physics that explains how space emerges? That is quite a claim! What's the proof?
I don't know much, but they talk about inertia and electromagnetism to reason with the question of space.
Nima Arkani-Hamed has a series of Harvard lectures "Spacetime is Doomed"... it's a long series, but understanding isn't always easy
@@S3RAVA3LM To me, this is the height of insanity. Space, vacuum infinity, should be indisputably the most fundamental of everything. But if one begins to talk about the origin of voidness, it just doesn't make sense at all. If this infinite space did emerge at the "beginning of time," what was there before the emergence of space?
@@peweegangloku6428 'Theoria Apophasis' on youtube is a great teacher, he is the god of magnetism. He discusses this stuff.
He is one of my favorite teachers.
@@S3RAVA3LM what makes him the god of magnetism?
What is clear is that materialist folks having a hard time with the universe being a one time only unique thing with a beginning and a end with us being only intelligent life in. with that being a reasonable explanation.
Most vague conversation I ever sat thru
I don’t like the idea of eternity, that’s why I like the idea of Conformal Cyclic Cosmology. If you make the assumption that no information can pass from one aeon to the next then eternity has no literal meaning.
Einstein argued “time” is a “dimension,” soooooo, maybe time is a fundamental element of existence?
My problem with eternity is there just isn't enough of it to go around.
Huh?
@@chetsenior7253 Infinity comes up short as well.
We live in a computer so we’re all eternal in the same way Mario and Luigi are eternal. We should be asking better questions like why are we in a computer and what does that mean?
I wish our world had a telescope race instead of an arms race!
can we imagine 'time' without space? ...Eternity/Infinity is an illusion.
Aren't particles in the universe indestructible? For time to come to an end, universe must come to an end. As I understand, time can only work if there is a matter that changes. Universe content changing. You also need a conscious observer to make a connection between time and matter changing. Also, if we are going to look at a time somewhat differently, even if there was no universe in the past, there was also time before the universe. "At one point in time universe got born...". In my opinion, time is either infinite in both directions, or just a human construct to make measures.
@@cosminvisan520 troll
Someone help me here. If time exists then surely time goes on forever does it not?
Yeah it goes, as time is just a concept for (materias)movement and as it is impossible for materia to stop existing, nor is it impossible that materia becomes to existence from nothing i.e. everything(materia) that exists in the universe has always been, so has time always existed and will always exist. Sorry if i didn't express myself clearly.
Depends on what is Your definition of time.
According to current understanding and theory, in the far distant future, all activity stops, as the last black holes finally evaporate and flash out of existence in a brief burst of gamma rays. Once the energy from these last flashes dissipates, the temperature of the universe asymptotically approaches 0 degrees Kelvin, and since all known physics requires some sort of transfer of energy, if there is essentially no energy left, nothing can happen. To me, in that sense, time ceases, as it ceases to have any meaning. Sir Roger Penrose goes into detail about this elsewhere on this same channel.
The wind in this video spells the end of time
We are in a prison with no windows and doors, we have no idea what is on the otherside of the wall , the prison cell is called this universe.
We are all limited by the physical world we live in so just as a blind man who was born blind can have no concept of colour then I think we are in the same boat as far as the universe is concerned.
My question is this, is eternity just infinite time or something else we simply can't understand.
Perhaps consciousness is eternal but we can't see it because it has inhabited the human mind.
Some say consciousness is simply waves of energy that is eternal.
The more we learn, the more we realize we don't know squat.
7:25 how can time end without affecting existence 🤔
It can't. The distance between points is lightspeed travel time. All points in space are related by time. There's no simultaneity in space-time. Proxima Centauri as seen in a telescope is what was there 4.2 years ago. What is there now is unrelated. Etymology of "relate": carry back. Atoms in our bodies are not simultaneously extant either. They're about ten to the minus eleventh seconds apart.
@@winkywacky6173
seconds of what apart...
years of what away...
aren't we supposed to use the most precise descriptions 🤔
Check out what J.T. Fraser had to say about time.
Eternal does not mean forever. It means beyond time.
which is harder to create, an infinite universe or a finite one? To create a finite one, you need a concept of a concrete or abstract boundary.
There is a finite number of ping pong balls on Earth , or in the Universe.....THIS SPLIT SECOND. That is because there is a boundary with regards to what constitute a ping pong ball.
There is eternity between the numbers one and two.....
All we have is now.
Time has a start and an end. But there is a before and an after. There's a reason for all things, and some are beyond our abilities, current maybe, to understand some of the reasons. Everything rides along time, it can be bent and curved but not broken. Fundamental things all ride upon time. Where we are and end up along that line and how far out we go and what we emerge to be depends entirely on us. But which wolves do we feed and which turns the wheel which way and what way do we really want to go and what are we willing to do to go that way... eternity until it ends in our universe trapped on earth stargazing and building monoliths to that which we cannot reach, or really reach and go.... there must be so much more out there for us to learn and see and experience... takes something special from us to get there though, I would think anyway.
No, we don't know if there is a start or an end. No one actually knows if the big bang was the beginning of time, that just seems like a likely explanation. As for an end, that is a much more uncertain unknown even than that.
Unusual title being that physics isn't eternal.
There is an infinite amount of eternities.
hard to define time - if a year on earth is 365 days, a year of our sun is 26,000 (earthly years). and a year of the larger sun - our sun orbits- is 1 million earthly years - so no way to know how old is the universe - there are different scales worlds and meanings ... earth the center of the universe "our time" we can count. time is created on a certain place -planets create their own - up there time might be a belief a linguistic intelligent mathematical thought
One is the only future
"For probabilities to make sense in the world." Probability began in assessing countable outcomes, nothing infinite. Many parametric distributions emerged as shortcuts to estimating larger countable outcomes. Probability isn't for the infinite, it's for the discrete with shortcut estimations done on the "infinite" scale. Probabilities would absolutely make zero sense in the infinite (they already don't when you consider a single point in an infinite distribution) because using the infinite distributions is only for estimating the counting of larger and larger outcomes.
Basically, the idea that somehow probability has to make sense when reconciled with infinite time is pointless.
Eternity is not like the linear time dimension we occupy. the eternity that God occupies exists outside of the time we live in on this earth.
Eternity is impossible to grasp. Eternity in HELL is hard to fathom. Even after 13,800,000,000 years, the time of the universe, a souls time in hell won't even have begun. This thought is utterly chilling. We should all find Christ while God the Father graciously offers him.
Could time just be the measurement pattern that humans use to give or make sense of what we see and to communicate with one another?
What if our universe has no time signature?
Well duh
@@aidenmurphy9924 🤣😂
No. Time is a measure of Delta. As long as a single subatomic particle in universe exists there is change therefore there is time.
@@chrisgarret3285 yep, it’s a human measurement but it’s a human measurement of something that could be objectively quantified
@@chrisgarret3285 OK thank you. I will look into that. I love learning more information and the fact that we're still studying and coming up with new information is fascinating.
Emergence has turned into a buzzword that covers every inexplicable theme in physics. In the context of the metaphorical picture of emergence, e.g. the forest from the trees, the tree from the wood, the wood from the cells, the cells from the molecules etc, what is that fundamental substance which time emerges from? Do we actually have access to it with our faculties?
@@cosminvisan520 troll
@@cosminvisan520 yeah, that’s obvious: the emergence of emergence in the emerging mind…
@@cosminvisan520 classic display of immaturity and lack of integrity and respect.
@@cosminvisan520 you just keep proving my points how you’re nothing more than a projecting child. It’s sad really. I’m quite sure you’d be way too scared to try saying something like this to someone’s face. Run along child.
It took me 20 minutes to get to work today. PROVE to me that 20 minutes did not actually pass. Time is real. Scientists need to stop pretending it isnt.
He concludes that "there has to be a physical process that cuts off time at some point in order for probabilities to make sense..." which is to say "reality has to cause time to end in order for our mathematics to make sense." He is confused. Mathematics can help us describe and predict reality, but it is not reality itself.
Something that only happens once, never actually happen to begin with.
So this universe is cyclical and continues on forever. And nobody can Even comprehend this, only the brahma Will.
A book that all persons interested in this subject should read is The End of Time, by independent physicist Julian Barbour.
The confusion on this subject centers around our conception of time. The book is well worth the read.
I know that one day I will pass from this existence and I will no longer exist for all of eternity. Eternity means to me the first a hundred million billion trillion years after I go..I’ll still be at the starting line of eternity. Yikes
We don’t know how old is the Universe…
Actually we do. Say you see a balloon inflating at a constant rate. Based on that rate and it's current size, you can calculate how long ago did air start getting filled in it. Since we know how fast galaxies our moving away from us, and thereby how quickly our universe is expanding, we can calculate how long ago our universe emerged from an initial state.
We don't know .. case is close
Eternity is not time which goes on and on and doesn't end. Rather, eternity is pure unexpressed potential, a unity which underlies diversity. Space-time is its expression, within which specificity and differentiation are possible. Space-time didn't start 13 billion years ago. It is manifested and deleted ten to the 43rd times per second (Planck units). There's no time in eternity, no subdivisions in unity. Also, there is no simultaneity in space-time: All phenomena, events and separate points in space are related (etymology: "carry back") thru time, the travel time between them at lightspeed, the speed of "causality'.
Eternity, means different things to different people ? What other kinds eternity are there ?
Fascinating.
One question comes to mind though. In the far distant future when the only remaining entities are black holes, will time still be universal across what remains of the universe or will there be pockets of time around these black holes?
This also begs the question, if I am on the other side of the universe to the last black hole will time still exist for me (this is of course just a thought experiment!), and will time stop just as the black hole disappears, like action at a distance?
I don't think your proximity to those last structures makes a difference, because matter and energy are homogeneously distributed throughout the universe. I think that suggests that whatever happens to time will not be confined to a certain location. And with the evaporation of the last black holes, when there is nothing left that has mass, I don't think time 'stops', it just ceases to have meaning because by then only particles without mass will remain, particles that are not affected by time. A 'clock' can no longer be built. And with entropy at its highest, time's arrow no longer has a direction.
But then again, I get what you're saying. When the expansion of the universe has caused the distances between the last remaining black holes to become infinite for all intents and purposes, you could argue that not only do objects become causally disconnected, they exist in separate universes. Perhaps that means time will behave differently depending on your location (not taking into consideration the relativistic effects of being near a black hole ofcourse).
Who knows... I sure don't 😆
@@Folkert.Cornelius thank you so much for taking the time to answer my question - very helpful 😊
@@hypnotoads My pleasure!