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Why South Africa Gave Up Nuclear Weapons with Prof Jo-Ansie van Wyk
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- čas přidán 11. 08. 2019
- Sizwe spoke to Professor of International Politics at UNISA, Jo-Ansie van Wyk, about South Africa’s now-defunct nuclear weapons programme. SA gave up nuclear weapons between 1989 and 1993, on the cusp of its democratic transition. Scholars disagree on the reasons for this move. In this conversation, two scholars of nuclear affairs explore SA's nuclear weapons programme and the reasons for its closure.
Ayeye! 🔥
Jo-Ansie van Wyk is Professor of International Politics in the Department of Political Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa. She has published extensively on apartheid South Africa’s nuclear history and the country’s nuclear diplomacy since the end of apartheid. She is a recipient of the Monash South Africa-Carnegie Nuclear History Fellowship (2011) and has been a consultant for the African Commission on Nuclear Energy (AFCONE), the implementing agency of the Pelindaba Treaty (the African Nuclear- Weapon-Free Zone Treaty) (2020). She currently participates in the South African Institute of International Affairs’ Atoms for Development Project funded by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Dr Sizwe Mpofu-Walsh is an author, scholar and founder of the Sizwe Mpofu-Walsh Xperience (SMWX), a digital, youth-centred current affairs platform. He holds a DPhil in International Relations from the University of Oxford and is currently a postdoctoral fellow at the Wits Institute for Social and Economic Research (WiSER).
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The quick answer is South Africa had nuclear weapons to protect itself from those around it.
It gave up those nuclear weapons to protect itself from those who were about to lead it.
The true history of this country needs to be re-written.
Well informed.
I wouldn't trust SA with a water gun, let alone nukes.
Trust me, we don't need your trust. We just need our security, we see what's happening in Gaza, we know US politicians are pushing for a war because they are invested in defense stock and US corporations need that Middle Eastern oil. Once that is over, who will they target next?
Just one question: would you trust the ANC with nuclear weapons?
That's a very stupid question to ask.
Why would anyone want to align themselves with an apartheid state? Very disgusted that you are even South African@@jumpinjackflash7140
@@jumpinjackflash7140 I think the person meant that it's a stupid question because the answer is quite obvious.
HELL NO, THOSE INCOMPETENTS WILL PROBABLY BLOW SA UP INSTEAD OF THE ENEMY.
The apartheid government and the international community didn't want the new government (black government) to have that much power! That's the real reason.
True, we researched this years ago and came to the same conclusion.
In addition, the USA doesn't want other countries advancing particularly in the area of nuclear.
But SA still has uranium...there are reports that when Obama was president he sent Zuma a letter, trying to convince him to do away with the available uranium... so technically, SA is still able to make nuclear weapons but needless to say, the West would intervene.
Of course, chiefly for access to African resources. We would not allow the rest of Africa to be exploited as is happening now. France will be a third world without African resources so is Europe.
@@thestream1 i didn't need research to learn that.
It affects our economy. If you have nuclear weapons you can not be allowed to go hungry or unhappy.
We need this electricity-producing defensive tools. If we had this Mozambique border would have not been encroached in this fashion.
We are now having to bag for help from France. If what we discussing is true, what else is decided on the basis that black can not have it?
G5 has a range of 50-60 km
Very informative. South Africa had many enemies, both foreign and domestic.
Nuclear energy is more environmentally friendly than wind, solar and coal.....Next time do an interview and talk about why we focus on wind and solar when we talk about power generation
Mjitha kanjani ???
fukushima (2011) showed us, that IF an accident happens in nuclear industry, this has disastrous consequences. also, the final storage of nuclear waste is difficult, you cannot spirit it away and it remains radioactive for millions of years
Fully agree. And it's the more sustainable and economically viable method of power generation. The waste can be dealt with easier that the rest of the other sources. And we've had a nuclear power plant operating for more than 35 years now, well designed and seismically robust.
How ignorant are you? We struggle to maintain Koeberg, how will we maintain other nuclear power plants, nevermind nuclear weapons! The current government are not responsible enough to have this kind of technology or structures, hence the disarming of ALL atomic weapons and destruction of any information in South Africa prior to "handing" over the country.
Real information....Thank you for informing us Prof.
Dankie Mevr. Prof(6:38). "Ielie-endaba":Klaar gepraat..... Merci/Enkhosi Kakulhe Zizwe.
G5 and G6 is not missiles. They are tube artillery with range of 40km. She is a Professor and doesnt know the difference between missiles and a artillery gun. Sometimes I feel like a Professor myself.
Those weapons are still in South Africa hidden somewhere only the small amount that were distroyed
@Nidhi Roy China?
I would hope, because we still need them as a deterance.
IMAGINE THOSE ZAMA ZAMAS GETTING HOLD OF IT IN THE MINES WHERE ITS HIDDEN. THEY WILL AL BE RADIOACTIVE AS THEY COME OUT. 🤣🤣🤣🤣
Why was the issue raised during CODESA ?
Where are the ''sunset clause documents ?
They should bring those nuclear bombs back man
The Wits cadet scheme is proud. Their work had impact.
I think nuclear weapons are directly proportional to economic growth. If you are powerful military wise, you can negotiate differences in the boardroom looking at the current economic forces.
Dr Sizwe, do you think America is economically sustained by its nuclear power more than its the actual economic output?
Honestly, who makes your threads? They are really dope.
Please note that they were very primitive uranium gun type bombs. Designed to be delivered as glide bombs. A copy of delivery system i.e. glide bombs were sold to Pakistan.
Wow, what a gold mine in this episode, very nice.
We want our nuclear power back please, kanti why we paying tax?
Yes
Until they end up in Boko Haram's hands or ISIS next door Mozambique.. I'm glad we dont have nukes because our government is very sloppy, corrupt and incompetent.. Those nukes will go missing and no one will know who took them.
Sizwe Mpofu-Walsh
mark gamanya
mark gamanya
2 years ago (edited)
The SA nuclear programme was abandoned mostly due to international pressure because SA had managed to build a long range missile with a nuclear war head after it had acquired the patents to Bull's Gun. Gerald Vincent Bull was a Canadian scientist based in the US who had developed long range missile tech that wasn't necessarily for a Nuclear programme but managed to raise funding for his company, (Space Research Corporation) by selling shares, 20 percent of which were sold to Armscor of South Africa. Armscor initially bought the missile tech for the Angolan Civil War. It is alleged Armscor worked in collaboration with the Israelis to add a nuclear war head, but it appeared they worked more with the Iraqis. In actual fact, Gerald Bull was assassinated because his tech was in the hands of the Iraqis who however did not seem to have used Bull's supergun for a Nuclear programme. The US and Russia feared the intellectual know-how will fall into the wrong hands as a lot of documents were allegedly stolen. It would be no surprise that some of the designs used by North Korea for their intercontinental ballistics weaponry was built on Bull's gun technology. Right up to the death of Saddam Hussein, the fear was that, either South Africa who had already tested a mid-range missile with a nuclear war head in the South-Atlantic on 22 September 1979, whose flashes were picked up by America's Viela satellite or Iraq would develop an intercontinental ballistic weapon based on Bull's super gun, that could deliver a nuclear war head. Sadam Hussein's SCUD missile which caused havoc in operation desert storm was developed by Gerald Bull but it later emerged that Bull got the designs that he further developed from the daughter of a German engineer who worked with the real inventor, Fritz Rausenberger who developed the Paris gun which was brought too late into the World War 1 to turn the tables in favour of Germany but caused extensive damage in Paris after being fired 3 times from 120km away. The pressure on South Africa, Iraq, Iran and North Korea by countries that still do not have a plan or intention to denuclearise their own backyards is and was always driven by fear of Bull's gun (which had different code names but was still generally known as Bull's gun) and every country that was in possession of the designs. South Africa was diplomatic enough to halt their programme and no evidence suggests that they continued to produce other none-nuclear missiles based on Bull's Gun although it was South Africa that had brokered deals between Gerald Bull and Sadam Hussein. The deal between Gerald Bull and Armscor had the blessing of the CIA as they didn't want to get their hands dirty and go onto the Angolan frontline like they did in Vietnam in fighting socialism. They thought it was a blessing in disguise that South Africa's apartheid government wanted to remove the socialist government there despite arms embargos on the South African government at the time. A lot of documents on this matter are classified as they are understood to implicate specific countries and their special branches
Do we ( South Africans ) listen to politician or business / private sector / or open public comment ...My suggestion : let ask Sir Bonang Mohale .etc.
What is happening at ESKOM? SAA? etc
Kanti Apartheid was dis Powerful
Very... with an army that was in the top ten.
@@mdumiseninsibande3071 today we behind Ethiopia in Africa Egypt on the second spot Algeria on the first spot now can you please guest the number 3 and 4 and 5 by ranks
Percentage of GDP spent on the military back then was high.
Now we don't even spend the recommended 2% for developing countries.
Doctrine and special forces is still world class, but the budget needs to go up.
In order to do that, the wasteful patronage program in government departments & SOEs needs to be scrapped.
Yep the best military in Africa! Now it’s just basic.
when minority group are pushed too a conner, crazy thought come to light (reality)
Why !? They were responsible people. They failed to protect themselves, but to let those who took power with nukes... this they could not do to the world.
They did well protecting their country, unrest came from within. The black population was easily brainwashed into believing they will all live like the white farmers. Except none of them knew how to farm and just wanted a life of luxury that was promised to them.
@19:00, how can we verify. I think they still have some stashed. ooh Lord proctet us 🙏
32:05 interesting for me now,,, i'm all ears revelation moment.
They didn't want to leave nukes in the hands of a bunch of Sub-Saharan Africans. I don't blame them.
With Russia and China, so invested in S.A. these days, we could be a logistical outpost, like how Cuba was in the Cuban Missile crisis
Even in that time South African was far ahead of their time, to build a nuke does not sit in anyone's pants.
Dr Sizwe, France 🇫🇷 came back to collect their artillery. When I saw President Macron I remembered this interview.
You are on the cutting edge of Political dialogue. Thank you.
DOPE 🔥
I HAVE GOOD REASON TO THINK AND ALLEGE IT WASNT DE KLERK THAT WANTED TO GIVE UP THE BOMBS WITHOUT CONSULTING THE ANC I.E. NOT BASED ON RA- SISM. IN FACT I WANT TO GO AS FAR AS TO.SAY THAT DE KLERK DID HIS BEST TO KEEP THEM INTACT. I WILL TAKE IT UP WITH THE SOUTH AFRICAN GOV. IF I GET A CHANCE ONE DAY. GUESS WHICH NATION WAS BEHIND IT?
Do we ( South Africans ) listen to politician or business / private sector / or open public comment ...My suggestion : let ask Sir Bonang Mohale .etc.
Never.
To my knowledge there was a massive hydrogen explosion during the 70's in Namibia but that was a totally different development.
BTW, there is no democratic order at present, its an oppressive one.
Ask de Klerk?
The best way to defuse a nuclear weapon is with some ASMR. zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz
The ANC Government cannot even run an Airline, how the hell do you expect them to manage nuclear weapons?
The whities did us a huge favour.
Even the army is broken
the nuclear weapons must come back and even include a satellite then we'll be on a good position no country will bully us since we'll be able to defend ourselves
@@GameboyAdvance6969 North Korea doesn't have whities by Has a Nuclear weapons programme
Well, bro now u got the bull by its horns..... I argue that this is why ZUMA had to be shamed I said it after his speech at the UN... no political party dares touch the topic!!!!!
These nuclear bombs were not destroyed, they said they destroyed them bt I think ddnt.
The nuclear bombs are still in SA, but none is in a working state, due to ANC mismanagement, corruption and lack of maintenance and skills emigrated. So don't worry bro...😂
Check what is happening to Eskom !. SAA ?
Point of correction.. Namibia's independence is 1990 not 1999 but great interview 👏👏 it was very very informative.
*clicks on subscribe button*
Thanks for that!
She said that 1989
Ek was middelpunt
Ukraine gave up nukes voluntarily did it not?
It was sold to India and Pakistan !!!!!!
Stupid question!!! Imagine Julius Malema with nuclear weapons, asked and answered!
We really need those weapons back
Tetyana Phikolomzi why?
True
@@brianbruno1716 from what, using nukes?
I'm sorry, you seem like you might not understand how powerful those things are and how easily they can end society
At home you feel protected after realising that your dad owns a gun
That lady is in no position to make a judgement on energy generation technologies . She doesn’t know what she is talking about with all due respect
And you do?
,,, because she's white l o l
You are a moron, this is a journalist exercise by a reputable journalist. She is, as he said "one of the foremost experts" in the country. You are in no position to make a judgment on anything in all due respect. Wanker, spread jam on a window, lock yourself in there and lick it off like the window licker you are
old qstn sonny boy..better you dont know...the SA is barren..lots of bodies in that dirt..
besides..asking SA citizens that qstn is exactly what mandela wished..
Try asking Zimbabwe muslims same qstn..
Dan Roley. Indianapolis.
*Rwanda Private Security Forces.
South Africa Operations.
...zimbabwe....
Even the master mind of space X was born in SA . And attended school in SA .
Wow
i'm still not comfortable subscribing to this channel, angithembi nje izinto ezhlangene ne 702 ...
Who cares about you Sizwe is a brilliant African child who's worth my attention anyday
0:40 - wrong, Ukraine gave up their nuclear weapons.
Ukraine transferred their nuclear weapons to Russia. SA dismantled their nuclear weapons.