Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms and Treatment Explained

Have you heard of allergic rhinitis? Do you experience flu-like symptoms when you're in contact with allergens and how to treat them? Today, I'll be sharing with you everything you need to know about this condition.
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What is allergic rhinitis?
It Is a condition where the patient suffers from nasal symptoms such as runny nose, blocked nose, nose itchiness or sneezing that is triggered by substances known as allergens. It is a very common condition and affects up to 13.1% of Singaporeans.
Are there diagnostic criteria?
Well yes, let me tell you more about it.
The symptoms of allergic rhinitis are
- nasal running, nasal congestion, sneezing and itching.
- itchy throat
- itchy eye or teary eyes
I would divide the common triggers of allergic rhinitis into
- home triggers, food triggers, occupational or work triggers and seasonal triggers.
Home triggers are stuff like
- house dust mites
- infestations like cockroaches or mice
- pets
Food triggers include
- milk
- egg white
- soy and nuts
- fish
Occupational triggers are items found at work like
- dust or cement at construction site
- flour at the bakery
Seasonal triggers like pollen or mould pores during certain seasons of the year
- in such cases, the sufferers have symptoms of allergic rhinitis only during that particular season like spring for example.
Allergic rhinitis tends to run in the family and Is strongly associated with other allergic conditions like
- asthma
- allergic conjunctivitis
- eczema
Allergic rhinitis can also lead to more serious infective conditions like
- sinus infections and ear infections
So how is the diagnosis made?
Well, in most cases, the diagnosis is achieved through a detail history and physical examination by your doctor.
1) First a skin prick or patch test. Results may be available within 20-30 minutes.
2) Intradermal provocative food test - which involves injecting small amounts of food extracts Into the upper arm and measuring the body’s reaction.
Treatment is generally divided into a few steps.
Step 1: allergen avoidance.
Step 2: antihistamines.
Antihistamines provide relief by controlling the symptoms of allergy by neutralising the effect of the histamine released into the blood stream during an allergic reaction.
Step 3: Intranasal steroids.
These medications are very effective in reducing symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis.
They work best when used continuously and with maximal effect seen after 2 weeks.
Nasal steroids are very safe as they are designed to act in the nose with minimal absorption into the body.
It can be used in children as young as 3 years old.
Sometimes, adjunctive treatment can also be used In the short term to reduce symptoms
Such as decongestant nasal spray and antihistamine eyedrops. (CARD:
decongestant nasal spray)
However, these medications may cause side effects in the long run and may make symptoms worse once they are stopped.
So I would recommend a short 5 days usage at any one time.
If these still do not work,
Then referral to an allergist may be necessary to see if other treatment like
immunotherapy or other specialised medications need to be started.
Do recognise that allergic rhinitis is a chronic problem that can be very irritating and disabling.
However, there are treatment strategies which I have highlighted above.
Allergen avoidance, regular use of nasal steroids to prevent allergic symptoms with periodic use of antihistamines when symptoms occur will help you control your allergic rhinitis in most cases.
00:00 Intro
00:38 What is allergic rhinitis?
00:58 Symptoms of allergic rhinitis
01:21 Common Triggers of allergic rhinitis
02:27 Diagnosis of allergic rhinitis
03:10 Treatment for allergic rhinitis
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