Fine Tuning a Bench Plane
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- čas přidán 24. 03. 2022
- Possibly the most satisfying - and certainly the most iconic - activities in all of woodworking is planning with a bench plane. Effortlessly cutting a paper-thin shaving from a wood surface makes you feel that you have arrived as a craftsman. But getting a plane in condition to make those effortless cuts requires careful, painstaking flattening, sharpening, and adjusting. This is what is called “tuning” a plane. Nick takes a deep dive into this essential procedure, not just showing you how to do it, but also explaining the why’s and wherefore’s.
01:23 Parts of a Bench Plane
03:41 How a Plane Works
05:25 Flatten the Sole
08:16 Flatten the Frog
09:33 Sharpen the Plane Iron
14:48 Fit the Chipbreaker to the Plane Iron
16:00 Adjust the Mouth Opening
17:45 Set the Depth of Cut and Lateral Position of the Iron
21:08 Wax and Buff
If you’d like to make the sharpening jig that Nick uses at 11:09, the plans are in his book, “Sharpening.” pages 28 and 29. You can purchase this book from the Workshop Companion store at: workshopcompanionstore.com/pr... . And if you'd like to know more about hand planes, consider his book, "Using Hand Tools" at workshopcompanionstore.com/pr... .
And if you have an old Stanley bench plane, similar to what is shown in this video, and you’d like to know when it was made and something about Stanley’s history, we recommend the Hyperkitten web site: hyperkitten.com/tools/stanley...
To see all of our videos and SUBSCRIBE for more, see: / workshopcompanion
Also visit the WORKSHOP COMPANION GENERAL STORE where we offer a wide selection of Nick's BOOKS and PROJECT PLANS in digital format: workshopcompanionstore.com/
Pick up one of Nick’s books FREE just for visiting!
To follow us on social media, try:
FACEBOOK - / workshopcompanion
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For our non-English-speaking viewers: Closed captions can be set to any language. Click on “CC” (Closed Captions) at the bottom of the screen to turn them on. Click on the gear (Settings) and a menu appears. Click on “Subtitles/CC” and another menu will appear. Click on “Auto Translate” and a menu of languages will appear. Click on the language you want for the closed captions and you will be returned to the video -- closed captions will appear in the language you have chosen. If these captions cover up some of the action, place the cursor over the captions, press and hold the left mouse button, then drag the captions to where you want them on your screen. Release the mouse buttons and they’ll stay there.
Para nuestros espectadores que no hablan inglés: los subtítulos se pueden configurar en cualquier idioma. Haga clic en "CC" (Subtítulos) en la parte inferior de la pantalla para activarlos. Haga clic en el engranaje (Configuración) y aparecerá un menú. Haga clic en "Subtítulos/CC" y aparecerá otro menú. Haga clic en "Traducir automáticamente" y aparecerá un menú de idiomas. Haga clic en el idioma que desea para los subtítulos y volverá al video; los subtítulos aparecerán en el idioma que haya elegido. Si estos subtítulos cubren parte de la acción, coloque el cursor sobre los subtítulos, presione y mantenga presionado el botón izquierdo del mouse, luego arrastre los subtítulos a donde quiera que estén en su pantalla. Suelte los botones del mouse y permanecerán allí.
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And thank you so much for your time and interest!
#woodworking #wood #DIY #bench #plane #tuning #flattening #sole #sharpening #iron #adjustment #mouth #chipbreaker #sole #hand #restore #restoration
This guy really needs a TV show. He's a natural in front of the camera, and his delivery and knowledge is awesome.
Thanks for your kind words, but these days CZcams reaches more people than television.
@@WorkshopCompanion probably less studio interference too 😅 great stuff. Thanks
@@MemphisCorollaS Most welcome.
Thank gods he's NOT on TV. The writers strike would be keeping his wisdom from us.
He does
Must say that this is the clearest explanation on how to tune a plane I have found in CZcams from this day. And very well delivered. Thanks
Most welcome.
Hear hear! It is amazing. So helpful, thank you sir.
I freaking love this guy. He’s everyone’s high school shop teacher ever. And that’s literally the best compliment I could give. My shop teacher was the first person to give me purpose in my life. Thanks Mr Butler wherever you are 🙏🏼🙏🏼🙏🏼
I too salute Mr. Butler. Shop teachers are an endangered species, and I feel that we will come to regret the absurdly poor choices the American educational system has made regarding hands-on training. To those shop teachers who are still hanging on by the skin of your teeth, you have my admiration, support, well wishes, and anything else I can throw your way to help. To those of you who would like to understand just what a tragedy it has been and continues to be for America to abandon its middle and high school shop programs, I invite you to read "The Hand" by neurologist Frank R. Wilson and it's follow-on "The Hand: How Its Use Shapes the Brain, Language, and Human Culture." In these books, Wilson points out that the brain, the hand, and language all evolved at the same time -- fully half of our neocortex is given over to controlling our hands, much more of our brain than any other part of our body. In fact, the use of our hands is intimately tied to cognition and expression; people who use their hands often think better and more clearly for it...I'll get off my high horse...(imagine a hammer spin right about now)...
I was a classic high school underachiever. If it had not been for shop classes and drafting classes, I would have gone postal in high school. My shop teacher was one of my biggest advocates and personally saw to it that I attended colleges for pre-enrollment visits. I went on to become a university professor (now Emeritus) but I have always maintained my support for and advocacy of industrial arts training in middle schools and high schools for both boys and girls.
Contrary to popular educational "wisdom", I believe such courses would help students adapt to a rapidly changing, highly technological society, for just the reasons you suggest by referencing Frank Wilson's work on the human hand -- not to mention the increase in a sense of accomplishment, the sense of personal competence, and the resulting skills that derive from working with one's hands. That many educators and parents view "shop" courses as obsolete makes me grind my teeth.
@@jerrystark3587 True that. Several years ago, I advised one of the few shop classes left in this corner of of Ohio and helped a group of middle school students build a replica on the Wright brothers' 1902 glider -- the first fully-controllable aircraft -- then we took it to Kitty Hawk and the kids flew it. Really! While technically these kids were part of a shop class, what they learned went far beyond tools skills, or history, or even aeronautics. They built and flew their own aircraft before any of them had a license to drive. They will go through the rest of their lives knowing they can accomplish amazing things simply by expending the energy to get them done.
Not mine. Mine had one thumb.
@@wookieefaced1595 🤣🤣🤣
Your teaching style is absolutely perfect! It’s done it a logical, linear style, efficiently-chosen words, and is always right to the point. You do such a great job, I practically have this How-To video memorized in the first viewing! I LOVE your videos! I can’t get enough of them! And you are so entertaining as well! Thank you so much for all your skill and knowledge! You are making me a better woodworker!
Kind words. Many thanks.
You’re an excellent teacher. Thank you for your commitment to explaining why to do a thing and not just how. It makes it vastly easier to remember.
It does, doesn't it? This is one of my biggest peeves about how woodworking is taught. So many of us are forced to start out with with woodworking recipes. Do this and you'll get that. What we really need is the logic behind the recipes.
Oh Nick, great video, as always. Thank you. But I have to tell you that you are the only person in years down this jack plane rabbit hole to have almost the same plane as me! I have the same model with that luscious corrugated sole, in a 5½. I have never seen another, and it's a great tool.
My brother found it in a garage sale, well worn with significant rust on it and my Dad, a Fitter and Machinist by trade, restored it. It remains the best Christmas present I've ever received. 25 years on, it needs some love, so this is very timely, as it approaches it's hundredth birthday. It's a beautiful tool, and I'll get it gorgeous again to show Dad in the nursing home, just like I did with his #4 smoothing plane. His dementia means that he's lost many things, but hand tools switch him back on and really bring him back for a while, especially when they're restored.
You've helped me start doing a wonderful thing with this.
Thank you.
Glad to have been of help, and thanks for sharing.
Nick, you're an excellent teacher. Your diagrams and description on how a plane works is better than I have seen anywhere else. Keep it up.
Thanks.
This tutorial is absolutely the BEST on setting up your plane that there is on CZcams! I know I had him as a shop teacher in 9th and 10th grade! LOL
A more complete video on tuning of a plane and the relationship of each part to one another than I've come across. Thanks
Most welcome.
I don't know how I missed this video a year ago, but this was masterfully done and the most informative hand plane tutorial I have ever seen. Thank you! Also, Border Collies rock!
Wow. I got a plane with an elementary (kid's) tool kit for my birthday at about 8 or 9 years old. I couldn't make the plane work AT ALL. No idea what to do. But trying to work it was a frustrating horrible mess. I'm now 70! And I hadn't touched a plane again until just recently when I needed to have one for a new project (wooden kayak frame) and I was lucky enough to find a great yard sale Stanley-Bailey #7 and a #5. Being able to figure a few more things out than I could at 8, I got them adjusted well (and it's clear they were pretty well adjusted by the previous owner) and using them was a DREAM! That really pleasant tool-using experience of a beautiful tool that we all crave. But now I see how to REALLY set it up: and everything that I "stumbled through and guessed at" to get it working "pretty well" is clarified and sharpened and beautifully explained and expanded upon. And I can't wait to get in the shop this weekend and REALLY get them "singing and dancing"!
Thanks for sharing.
Best video on CZcams for anyone looking to tune up an old plane!
Thanks.
Great video. I have my father’s Stanley Woodworkers suitcase from the early 60’s. I need to refinish the wooden suitcase as there is some rot. The rest of the tools have not been used with the exception of the planer, which needs to be cleaned and tuned. Perfect timing of this showing in my feed even though it’s 2 years old. Thank you.
Most welcome. Have seen several of those wooden Stanley suitcases, but never with the tools still in place. Good luck!
Watched a number of videos on tuning planes before visiting your channel. Mr. Engler is simply the best, covering all the questions I had in mind as a beginner. Just bought my first plane - no. 4
Sncerely... you are the best woodworking teacher on the internet! Your knowledge and teaching style are second to none. Thank you!
Man to think after watching so many videos on tuning a plane. That I would learn something from watching another one.. But I did... the frog leveling tip blew my mind so simple but Its perfect. Thank you!
You're most welcome.
at last! a hand plane video that teaches you why as well as how! Thanks Nick!
Most welcome.
I have watched many videos of planes here on CZcams trying to understand how to get my planes to perform in top shape. This is hands down the best one and with the extra information in this video, I think I’ll finally be able to get my planes working properly.
Thanks for saying.
I inherited a very old Stanley plane just like the one in the video from my Dad when he died. I’ve often picked it up and tried to make a cut but could never get the hang of proper blade adjustment and I contemplated selling it but just couldn’t part with it. Today I’m glad I kept it and now know how to tune it adjust the blade and use it properly. I don’t think my Dad knew the importance of cleaning and tuning. I will use your technique to get this plane tuned and I look forward to many years of use before I pass it to my Son and Grandson.
Thank you for your videos. They are a great way to pass the time during a dialysis session.
Glad we could be of help.
When I need to relax 100% this channel is first choice.
I learn a lot, I'm getting in a better mood, I smile and feel the need to give my kids a big hug like a good loving grandfather would've done (do you wonder who's the loving grandfather inspiration).
I love your fantastic work. Big inspiration. Thank you so so much.
Thank you for you kind words.
Best video on plane design, tuning, maintenance and use.
Thanks much.
finally a true craftsman
Hitting the like button more then once should be an option! No bs. Straight and sly. Sooo good
Many thanks. Mind if I hit the like button once more for you?
No fluff. No gimmicky contraptions.
Thanks Nick and team. You all are a treasure!
Most welcome.
I really enjoy your presentation style; concise, succinct, logical and complete. I feel like you’re talking directly to me. The occasional funny helps to readjust the attention and remind that this is meant to be fun. I’m in the process of back-tracking through your videos and plan never to miss a new one.
Many thanks.. and welcome.
Best tutorial for plane I've seen. You could totally have a show. Right after or before "This Old House".
What a great tutorial on planes. The best video I have seen on assembling, tuning and using a plane. Thanks!!
Most welcome.
Learned a lot about why my plane wasn't cutting properly, on to tunning it the right way. Nick your pooch is good too.
I've watched a lot of sharpening and tuning videos - this is the best, most easy to understand I've seen on this topic - Thank You!
Most welcome.
You sir are admirable and a wealth of important knowledge. I could watch you and listen to you talk all day long.
There’s something about taking a rough, crooked piece of wood and bringing it into shape by hand. I’ve got a few old Stanley planes and I could make curls until my arms quit working. It really is therapeutic for me.
Thanks for taking time to teach us all a thing or two about the craft.
Most welcome.
I can't believe just how much I've learned about planes! Thank you so much! What a fantastic lesson! 👍
Most welcome.
The information and presentation is fantastic
I’ve been playing with wood for more than 50 years after classes at high school. The tutorial about frog adjustment was new to me, I’ve been winging it but will be back in my shop to do it right
Thanks for spending time and money to do these videos
I hope you have an apprentice to pass on what is in your head! The next generation of woodworkers will need these skills
Travis gets it, I assure you. But what's in my head is also in my books -- in fact more so. I frequently find myself looking up things that I've written to refresh my memory.
I have been a woodworker for 53 years and a plane collector for 40. I always learn something new from these excellent videos. I have restored a number of planes and watched a lot of videos on how to tune a plane. This craftsman is the best. Thank you for a great tutorial. Love the jig for flattening frogs!
Thanks for the kind words.
Please start a tv show. Love your videos.
I'm looking to get into hand planes and have been watching a lot of videos on how t setup a plane. This is by far one of, if not the, best, most complete guides I have seen. Thanks!
Most welcome.
11:29 that’s a nice looking sharpening jig!
Plans are available at workshopcompanionstore.com/products/sharpening
I have never been able to sharpen my blades so they would cut consistently. I recently discovered that once sharpened, if I back off the blade a very small amount, and give it a few more strokes, voila! While it’s opposite of your method, it worked great. If I had found your video a few years ago, it would have saved me a great deal of frustration. Absolutely the most thorough training on plane s ever. Matt, Rob, Rex, JKM, and Matt (the other one) all need to watch this video and fix their instructions.
Man, you’re an amazing teacher!!! I’ve learned so much from you!!! Thank you!
Most welcome.
As always a great presentation.
I like watching Nick, none of the loud in your face product preaching, just engaging, enjoyable, sensible info.
Thanks for saying.
This is exactly what I needed, just bought a nice looking no.4 Stanley plane at an auction. I want to make sure I have it set up the best I can. Been using an electric plane for years, but it doesn't give me the satisfaction I got in high school where it was all non power tools. Can't wait to get it set up and using it. Great Channel. Cheers from Tasmania.
After purchasing and using and enjoying so many of his books, for the last 30 years it was such a wonderful surprise to discover his CZcams channel! And give me a chance to say THANK YOU very much!!!
You're most welcome very much. Always a joy for an author to hear from a reader -- especially these days.
Your videos are fantastic and they really don't need any background music. You're the type of person it's enjoyable voice of two without any distraction.
Thanks you for saying, but a good many people have commented favorably on our background music -- it adds production value. And I predict there a good many viewers that would choose music over my babbling. I know I would.
@@WorkshopCompanion wow, voice to text really botched that. I meant to say you're the type of person it's enjoyable to listen to without any other distraction. It's really soothing the way you present, but it's also incredibly informative. You're a master teacher. The background music was distracting enough for me, that I would have immediately clicked away if I didn't like you so much. It was grating actually. So some it might think it adds production value- it's all a matter of taste. But you really don't need it. I'd love it if you could maybe upload two versions so that there's one without music. But obviously I wouldn't expect something like that.
Oh my god. Thank you so much. One of the best videos for this topic. Thank you.
Greetings from Germany
You're most welcome from Ohio.
Quite possibly the best explanation of the Bailey type plane operation and tuning on CZcams I have seen, thank you. So many youtubers are only concerned with "bedrock" pattern plane tuning and adjustment, and while these are generally very good , this is absolutely necessary and brilliant. Thank you.
Always get value from your videos. Some little nuance I didn't know. Great instruction, plane and simple
Thanks...for the compliment and the pun.
This is information I’ve needed my whole life long. Thank you
Most welcome.
Genuinely cant express how good ths guy is at these videos. Not only the detail but a sense of confience and humour that makes it actually interesting to watch. Bravo.
Thanks for the kind words.
You sir are the best teacher on explaining the plane and how it should work, I’ve watched many videos of others when first learning and could have saved lots of time if your video was out sooner. Thank you very much for taking time to explain things. I certainly will pass on your video to others interested in learning from a pro!
Most welcome.
Splendid case,, old chap! You are a real master of woodworking. May I say - Merlin!
Thanks for saying.
One of the most easily explained videos I've ever watched on this subject. Absolutely brilliant. Thank you
Most welcome.
I really loved this video this is so exoplanetary . The way he takes the time to disassemble the tool and reengineer each faulty part . A absolutely great video . Gerald south wales UK
Thanks for saying.
FINE WORK
VERY GOOD
No-nonsense delivery of detailed information, lubricated with a stream of understated jokes... how can this possibly work?
Thank you so much for your entire catalog of instructive videos. Some day, after the apocalypse, stuff like this will help humanity rebuild... and they're probably going to appreciate a joke here and there.
Thanks for the kind words. That, for many reasons, is got to be one of the best reviews I've ever gotten.
AWESOME! Needed this Decades ago! Thank You!
Most welcome.
Wow! The best explanation of this all over youtube (and I have seen them ALL ;-) ). Regards from Germany
Thanks from Ohio.
Best plane set up on You tube. Watch lots of other but they don’t show clear close ups. Thanks for the detailed explanation. I need to get into the workshop and check my planes as I think I’ve made a schoolboy error. I will watch your video a few times and make sure the set up is right. Cheers. John from County Durham England.
Cheers from Ohio.
This might be the best video on youtube
Top video as always, thank you.
Most welcome.
What I have yet to see on any channel about using planes is beginner exercises, including how to fix your mistakes.
Gee, didn't remember seeing this before. I have been trying to figure out how to flatten the mating surface on the frog. That set up with the dado cut in it solves that. Should have figured that one out by myself. I do prefer to use diamond lapping plates, but ain't going to cut a dado in one of them. I do have lots of abrasives....
You are EXCELLENT, and fun while you are at it. LOVE your stuff.
If this gentleman was on twitter he would have every hand plane user in the world following him. He has proven to me that you can still keep on learning and improving.
Wow. Never knew there was so much to tuning a plane. Thanks a million, Sir. Now to give my planes some loving care.
Most welcome.
I've watched lots of videos on tuning a plane, learnt something from each one, but this one has great entertainment value as well as great learning. Saved to watch again, especially if I manage to find some old planes to fix up. The cost of even mediocre new planes here in Australia makes power tools look cheap!
Thanks for saying.
This is one of the best videos on yt! Hands down!
Thanks for saying.
Progressively logical and concise. At nearly 70, I am ready to go out to the shop to continue unpacking and organizing. Should I find my old neglected planes I will be able to, step by step, refurbish them for use. Thank you for your no nonsense presentations. And keep 'em coming!
Most welcome; will do.
Absolutely outstanding video. So grateful this man has chosen to teach.
So kind of you to say -- but I have been teaching for 40 years. Anymore, it's not so much a choice than a habit.
Honestly, this is one of the best plane videos for beginners that I ever saw, and not just for tuning, but as a “introduction to planes” video. So much useful and even some somewhat-hard-to-come-by information in here, in an accessible and simplified manner. Thank you so much!
Most welcome.
Wow! I found my way here almost by accident. This 'tune-up' video is something that I needed to know for making my ancient planes work better. I've been using them since 1960, and only in the past year have had the idea that mebbe I needed to clean my smoothing planes and Jack planes up a bit. I've cleaned, waxed and sharpened the blade irons. And now I think I need to go back and do some serious cleaning and lapping. A sharp, friction "free" plane is a joy to use. Thank you for all this information....I'm gonna put it to good use.
I love the wooden train on the shelf in the back round I’m going to have to try make one
I support the positive remarks in this comment section regarding you efforts in these videos. Your knowledge, experience and humour are appreciated in this space for sure. I was happpy to see a video about more in-depth plane setup and restoration, I was exuberant to see a Bailey the subject! I have two No 5 Baileys and they're my favourite tools by far. Thank you for sharing this about giving them some love!
You're most welcome, and thanks for the kind words.
Great source of incredible and useful information presented in a way that's easy to comprehend and enjoyable to watch. Thank you for sharing your years of knowledge with us.
Most welcome.
This channel has a lot of quality content.
Thanks for saying.
Your knowledge of tools is really priceless. It should be booked to be preserved for generations to come.
Most kind of you to say, but please let me point out that it IS booked. Fifty-three times over. All of these are out of print, unfortunately, but over twenty of them are still available in a digital PDF format. See workshopcompanion.selz.com/categories/books .
Didactics, phrasing, humor - 10 out of 10. Simply great. 🙂Nick, thanks for this outstanding video.
Most welcome.
This is the best and most educational video that I have seen. It gave me a lot of information that I really needed. I now know how to adjust the cut
Glad we could help.
That explained a few things I didn't fully understand about planes and also confirmed a few too. Great video.
Thanks.
Super helpful! Thanks!
Most welcome.
Ty! I have always been fascinated by hand planes. I have a few that came down to me from my Grandfathers and Great Grandfathers. All of them were rusted and hadn’t been used in years.
I have cleaned them with a wire brush wheel on a Dremel and sharpened the planes but none of them work all that well. I will be spending most of this coming weekend fine tuning them.
I can’t wait to see if I can get them singing and dancing again.
Good luck!
Yet again very educational can you do one on other planes so that we can see where we’ve gone wrong in the past thank you for your videos kind regards William
Thank you very very much. You explained everything perfectly. This helps me tremendously!!
another good tune up and sharpening video - and I learned why it is called a frog!
Thanks.
The best explanation ever!!!
Thanks!
Most welcome.
Freaking outstanding high speed low drag. And I wish I could twirl a hammer like that!!! Another fantastic video, thank you!!!
Most welcome.
Excellently communicated once again Teach. All the essential steps covered. I always learn something new, watching your videos. Thank you.
Most welcome.
Nick you are a wood working genius. You put every shop teacher to shame. Bought two of your books so far. Love those books; they are so full of good knowledge, knowledge that is easy to understand and knowledge that works. Thank You Sir. And carry on the good work that so many of us starve for.
Those are very kind words, and much appreciated. They keep us going.
Super tutorial Nick. Thank you!
Most welcome.
So happy to see that the dad from Beauty And The Beast is out here thriving.
Another fantastic tutorial Nick! I always learn something new from watching one of your videos even though I have been doing working for a very long time! Thanks & hope that you & the crew are doing well!
You're welcome, we're fine, and thanks for asking.
Another wonderful, instructive video Nick. I love your humour, it makes learning fun and I learn so much from each one of your videos....keep up the good work, can't wait for the next one...
Kind words. Thank you; they keep us going.
I cannot thank you enough. I finally know how to properly adjust and care for my planes. Excellent video!!
Most welcome.
Great Instructional video. Thank You. I caught a couple errors in my plate set up technique which I will remedy soon.
Hock blades are the absolute best! I never knew how amazing these Hock blades were on all of my Stanley Bailey Planes. That is, until I bought a replacement blade for a used Stanley #6 I refurbished. Best blades on the market in my opinion!
He is awesome, well explained...
Just "found" your channel day before, video popped up as a rec and I'm super glad I clicked. Have watched a few of your videos on various subjects and they have all been very clearly and thoroughly explained, along with a few tips/tricks I hadn't heard before. Definitely earned a sub and notifications on from me. Look forward to going through more of your videos.
Thanks for saying...and welcome!
This guy makes this subject not only make sense but interesting as well
Well, that certainly gave me a few things to consider and likely improve on my plane. Excellent video!
Thanks for saying.
That was remarkably useful and a pleasure to watch. Thanks.
You're most welcome.
I love that you're treating these videos as being your genuine self. I needed you when I was taking my version of woodworking class(my school called it "jewelry",and I had the same teacher that I did from my previous two art classes whom would say your art wasn't "good enough"). Needless to say,you're a blend of my favorite science teacher,as well as maybe a good art teacher that I needed,with a sprinkle of that old school humor that anyone needs,and I am really glad that I found your channel.
I look at advice that I won't apply yet,because I like to research,but with finishing and woodworking so far,you're the guy in my book!
I apologize if this is comment is all over the place but I really do appreciate your groundedness as well as the deep knowledge that you share!
That's quite an epitome. I may ask you to speak at my funeral -- which won't be for some time yet, knock on wood. In the meantime, thanks for the kind words.
@@WorkshopCompanion Well,you have me at an impasse for words here....
I would "knock back" but til I hear the knocking,I bid you a lovely time here,and you've blessed many as I can tell..I hope this isn't too...unwell from your comment(I'm merely responding at this time),but I am very happy to hear back from you,and I hope you bless the world with more videos! You really have a great spirit and I am happy that you share yourself with the world.
Thank you again for replying;I do mean what I say. 🖤
Exactly the video I needed. Thanks Nick, I really enjoy your content.
Most welcome.